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arXiv 2024年

作者： Van Milligen, Emily A. Gagatsos, Christos N. Kaur, Eneet Towsley, Don Guha, Saikat Department of Physics The University of Arizona 1630 East University Boulevard TucsonAZ85721 United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering The University of Arizona 1630 East University Boulevard TucsonAZ85721 United States Wyant College of Optical Sciences The University of Arizona 1630 East University Boulevard TucsonAZ85721 United States Program in Applied Mathematics The University of Arizona TucsonAZ85721 United States Cisco Quantum Lab Los Angeles United States College of Computer Science University of Massachusetts AmherstMA United States

One of the most promising applications of quantum networks is entanglement assisted sensing. The field of quantum metrology exploits quantum correlations to improve the precision bound for applications such as precision timekeeping, field sensing, and biological imaging. When measuring multiple spatially distributed parameters, current literature focuses on quantum entanglement in the discrete variable case—and quantum squeezing in the continuous variable case distributed amongst all of the sensors in a given network. However, it can be difficult to ensure all sensors pre-share entanglement of sufficiently high fidelity. This work probes the space between fully entangled and fully classical sensing networks by modeling a star network with probabilistic entanglement generation that is attempting to estimate the average of local parameters. The quantum Fisher information is used to determine which protocols best utilize entanglement as a resource for different network conditions. It is shown that without entanglement distillation there is a threshold fidelity below which classical sensing is preferable. For a network with a given number of sensors and links characterized by a certain initial fidelity and probability of success, this work outlines when and how to use entanglement, when to store it, and when it needs to be distilled. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Quantum entanglement

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Improving the accuracy of k-nearest neighbor (k-NN) using Synthetic Minority Oversampling Technique (SMOTE) and Gain Ratio (GR) for imbalanced class data

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2023年第1期2714卷

作者： Adli A. Nababan Sutarman Muhammad Zarlis Erna B. Nababan Doctoral Program Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology Universitas Sumatera Utara Medan Indonesia Department of Mathematics Universitas Sumatera Utara Medan Indonesia Department of Computer Science Universitas Sumatera Utara Medan Indonesia

k-Nearest Neighbor (k-NN) has fairly good accuracy results on data with almost the same class (balanced), whereas for data whose class distribution is not balanced, the accuracy value of k-NN tends to be low, moreover k-NN does not differentiate each feature data, meaning that each feature has the same weight in determining the new data class so that before classifying the feature selection process it is necessary to select the features that are most relevant to the data class. In this research, to overcome this problem, we will propose a framework using the Synthetic Minority Oversampling Technique (SMOTE) method to solve the class imbalance problem and the Gain Ratio (GR) to perform feature selection, so that get a new dataset with a balanced class distribution and features relevant to class data. The datasets used in this research such as E-Coli, Glass, and New Thyroid. For objective results, the 10-fold-cross validation method will be used as an evaluation method with k values 1 to 10. The results of the research prove that SMOTE and GR can increase the accuracy of the k-NN method, where the highest increase occurred in the Glass dataset by a difference increase of 18.43%. The lowest increase in accuracy occurred in the new thyroid dataset with an increase of 8.73%. The increase in accuracy occurred in all datasets used with an average increase of 12.87

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Correction to: Analysis of the dynamics of anthrax epidemic model with delay

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Discover Applied sciences 2024年第11期6卷 1-1页

作者： Raza, Ali Abdella, Kenzu Department of Physical Sciences The University of Chenab Gujrat Pakistan Mathematics Research Center Department of Mathematics Near East University Mersin 10 Türkiye Department of Computer Science and Mathematics Lebanese American University Beirut Lebanon Department of Mathematics Applied Modelling Graduate Program Trent University Peterborough Canada

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Effects of Fir-Wood Biochar on Ch4 Oxidation Rates and Methanotrophs in Landfill Cover Soils Packed at Three Different Proctor Compaction Levels

SSRN

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Yi, Susan C. Heijbroek, Anne Cutz, Luis Pillay, Stephanie de Jong, Wiebren Abeel, Thomas Gebert, Julia Delft University of Technology Faculty of Mechanical Maritime and Materials Engineering Leeghwaterstraat 39 Delft2628 CB Netherlands Delft University of Technology Faculty of Electrical Engineering Mathematics and Computer Science Van Mourik Broekmanweg 6 Delft2628 XE Netherlands Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard Infectious Disease and Microbiome Program 415 Main St. CambridgeMA02142 United States

Application of biochar to landfill cover soils can purportedly improve methane (CH4) oxidation rates. However, understanding of the combined effects of soil texture, compaction, and biochar on activity and composition of the methanotrophs is limited. The amendment of wood biochar on two differently textured landfill cover soils at three compaction levels of the Proctor density were explored by analyzing changes in soil physical properties relevant to methane oxidation, the effects on CH4 oxidation rates and on the composition of the methanotrophic community. Loose soils with and without biochar were pre-incubated to equally elevate the CH4 oxidation rates. Hereafter, soils were compacted and re-incubated. Methane oxidation rates, gas diffusivity, water retention characteristics and pore size distribution were analyzed on the compacted soils. Abundance of methanotrophic bacteria (MOB) was determined at the end of both the pre-incubation tests and the incubation tests of the packed samples. Biochar significantly increased porosity at all compaction levels, resulting in enhanced diffusion coefficients. Also, a re-distribution in pore sizes was observed. Increased gas diffusivity from low compaction and amendment of biochar, however, did not reflect higher methane oxidation rates due to high diffusive oxygen fluxes over the limited height of the compacted soil specimens. All soils, with and without biochar, were strongly dominated by type II methanotrophs. In the sandy soil, biochar amendment strongly increased MOB abundance, which could be attributed to a corresponding increase in the abundance of Methylocystis species, while in the clayey soil no such response was observed. Compaction did not change the community composition in either soil. Biochar addition to landfill cover soils may not always enhance methanotrophic activity and hence reduce fugitive methane emissions with the effect being soil-specific. However, especially in finer and more compacted soils, biochar

关键词： Compaction

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Simulating local fields in carbon nanotube reinforced composites for infinite strip with voids

arXiv

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Nasser, Mohamed M.S. Kalmoun, El Mostafa Mityushev, Vladimir Rylko, Natalia Mathematics Program Department of Mathematics Statistics and Physics College of Arts and Sciences Qatar University Doha Qatar School of Science and Engineering Al Akhawayn University in Ifrane PO Box 104 Ifrane53000 Morocco Faculty of Computer Science and Telecommunications Cracow University of Technology Kraków Poland

We consider the steady heat conduction problem within a thermal isotropic and homogeneous infinite strip composite reinforced by uniformly and randomly distributed non-overlapping carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and containing voids. We treat the CNTs as thin perfectly conducting elliptic inclusions and assume the voids to be of circular shape and act as barriers to heat flow. We also impose isothermal conditions on the external boundaries by assuming the lower infinite wall to be a heater under a given temperature, and the upper wall to be a cooler that can be held at a lower fixed temperature. The equations for the temperature distribution are governed by the two-dimensional Laplace equation with mixed Dirichlet-Neumann boundary conditions. The resulting boundary value problem is solved using the boundary integral equation with the generalized Neumann kernel. We illustrate the performance of the proposed method through several numerical examples including the case of the presence a large number of CNTs and voids. © 2021, CC BY-NC-ND.

关键词： Carbon nanotubes

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Hamiltonicity via cohomology of right-angled Artin groups

arXiv

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Flores, Ramón Kahrobaei, Delaram Koberda, Thomas Department of Geometry and Topology University of Seville Spain Department of Computer Science University of York United Kingdom New York University Tandon School of Engineering PhD Program in Computer Science CUNY Graduate Center Department of Mathematics University of Virginia CharlottesvilleVA22904 United States

Let Γ be a finite graph and let A(Γ) be the corresponding right-angled Artin group. We characterize the Hamiltonicity of Γ via the structure of the cohomology algebra of A(Γ). In doing so, we define and develop a new canonical graph associated to a matrix, which as a consequence provides a novel perspective on the matrix determinant. Copyright © 2021, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Topology

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The weak min-max property in Banach spaces

arXiv

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Ouyang, Zhengyong Rasila, Antti Guan, Tiantian School of Mathematics and Big Data Foshan University Foshan Guangdong528000 China Mathematics with Computer Science Program Guangdong Technion-Israel Institute of Technology 241 Daxue Road Shantou Guang-dong515063 China Department of Mathematics Technion-Israel Institute of Technology Haifa32000 Israel

In this paper, we investigate the relationship between the weak minmax property and the diameter uniformity of domains in Banach spaces with dimensions at least 2. As an application, we show that diameter uniform domains are invariant under relatively quasimöbius *** Codes Primary: 30C65, Secondary: 30C20. Copyright © 2021, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Mapping

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Quantum computers based on rare-earth compounds and PT-and anti-PT symmetric qubits

Quantum computers based on rare-earth compounds and PT-and a...

引用

Photonics for Quantum 2021

作者： Patel, Darayas N. Sarkisov, Sergey S. Darwish, Abdalla M. Mathematics and Computer Science Dept. Oakwood University 7000 Adventist Blvd HuntsvilleAL35896 United States SSS optical Technologies 515 Sparkman Drive HuntsvilleAL35816-3417 United States Physics Medical Physics and Pre-Engineering Program School of STEM Dillard University 2601 Gentilly Blvd New OrleansLA70122 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781510645264

Hardware of modern quantum computing (QC) platforms is based mainly on superconductors and ion traps. It demands ultra-low temperature and high vacuum. Practicality and scaling up thus remain questionable. This work analyzes the alternative based on the micro- and nanoparticles of the compounds of Rare Earth (RE) elements, such as phosphors NaYF4: X3+ (X stands for Tm, Er, etc.), embedded in polymer matrices. The qubits in these systems correspond to the quantum levels of 4f electrons of RE ions, and they have optical frequencies. Qubit formation is supported by the properties of RE ions: (a) weak interaction with the environment, (b) strong inhomogeneous crystal field, and (c) the ability of neighboring ions, being in some 4f states, to interact with each other through the mechanism of Stark blockade. The latter is required for quantum conditional gate operations, such as Controlled NOT (CNOT - the basic block of a quantum computer circuit). Optical spectroscopy indicated that CNOT gate can be implemented, for instance, using the transitions in for-level system of Tm3+ ions |3H6> (ground state), |3H4> (state 0), |1D2> (state 1), and |1I6> (auxiliary state 1') activated with conventional tunable lasers at 451, 653, 798, and 1459 nm. We also considered the PT- and anti-PT-symmetry on the decoherence rate of the qubits. PT-symmetric Hamiltonian H(x) has its real part symmetric versus x-coordinate, and the anti-PT-symmetric one is anti-symmetric. Anti-PT symmetric qubits tend to be more decoherence stable than the others. It was suggested that the anti-PT-symmetry can be introduce via coupling of the qubits to anti-PT-symmetric cavities using RE-doped compounds as gain media. © 2021 Copyright SPIE.

关键词： Qubits

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SYNAPTIC SPINE HEAD MORPHODYNAMICS FROM GRAPH GRAMMAR RULES FOR ACTIN DYNAMICS

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Hur, Matthew Bartol, Thomas Rangamani, Padmini Sejnowski, Terrence Mjolsness, Eric Program in Mathematical Computational and Systems Biology Univeristy of California Irvine IrvineCA United States Computational Neurobiology Laboratory Salk Institute for Biological Studies La Jolla CA United States Departments of Pharmacology and Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering University of California San Diego La Jolla CA United States Deparment of Neurobiology University of California San Diego La Jolla CA United States Departments of Computer Science and Mathematics Univeristy of California Irvine IrvineCA United States

There is a morphodynamic component to synaptic learning by which changes in dendritic (postsynaptic) spine head size are associated with the strengthening or weakening of the synaptic connection between two neurons, in response to the temporal correlation of local presynaptic and postsynaptic signals. These morphological factors are in turn sculpted by the dynamics of the actin cytoskeleton. In this paper, we use Dynamical Graph Grammars (DGGs) implemented within a computer algebra system to model how networks of actin filaments can dynamically grow or shrink, reshaping the spine head. Dynamical Graph Grammars (DGGs) provide a well-defined way to accommodate dynamically changing system structure such as active cytoskeleton represented using dynamic graphs, within nonequilibrium statistical physics under the master equation. We show that DGGs can also incorporate biophysical forces between graph-connected objects at a finer time scale, with specialized DGG kinetic rules obeying biophysical constraints of Galilean invariance, conservation of momentum, and dissipation of conserved global energy. We use graph-local energy functions for cytoskeleton networks interacting with membranes, and derive DGG rules from the specialization of dissipative stochastic dynamics - separated into dissipative and thermal noise rule types - to a mutually exclusive and exhaustive collection of graph-local neighborhood types for the rule left hand sides. The dissipative rules comprise a stochastic version of gradient descent dynamics. The thermal noise rules use a Gaussian approximation of each position coordinate to sample jitter-like displacements. For the spine head model we designed and implemented DGG grammar mathematical sub-models including actin network growth, non-equilibrium statistical mechanics, and filament-membrane mechanical interaction to regulate the re-writing of graph objects. We simulate emergent biophysics of simplified networks of actin polymers and their interactions

关键词： Stochastic models

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Estimation of the main air pollutants from different biomasses under combustion atmospheres by artificial neural networks

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Chemosphere 2024年 352卷 141484页

作者： Monteiro, Thalyssa Oliveira Alves, Pedro Augusto Araújo da Silva de Almeida Nava Barradas Filho, Alex Oliveira Villa-Vélez, Harvey Alexander Cruz, Glauber Postgraduate Program in Mechanical Engineering (PPGMEC) Department of Mechanics and Materials Federal Institute of Education Science and Technology of Maranhão (IFMA) Maranhão São Luís Brazil Postgraduate Program in Computer Science and Computational Mathematics (PPG-CCMC) Department of Computer Science University of São Paulo (USP) São Carlos São Paulo Brazil Data Analysis and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory (DARTi) Department of Computational Engineering Federal University of Maranhão (UFMA) Maranhão São Luís Brazil Department of Chemical Engineering Federal University of Maranhão (UFMA) Maranhão São Luís Brazil Processes and Thermal Systems Laboratory (LPSisTer) Department of Mechanical Engineering Federal University of Maranhão (UFMA) Maranhão São Luís Brazil

The production of biofuels to be used as bioenergy under combustion processes generates some gaseous emissions (CO, CO2, NOx, SOx, and other pollutants), affecting living organisms and requiring careful assessments. H... 详细信息

The production of biofuels to be used as bioenergy under combustion processes generates some gaseous emissions (CO, CO₂, NO_x, SO_x, and other pollutants), affecting living organisms and requiring careful assessments. However, obtaining such information experimentally for data evaluation is costly and time-consuming and its in situ obtaining for regional biomasses (e.g., those from Northeast Brazil (NEB) is still a major challenge. This paper reports on the application of artificial neural networks (ANNs) for the prediction of the main air pollutants (CO, CO₂, NO, and SO₂) produced during the direct biomass combustion (N₂/O₂:80/20%) with the use of ultimate analysis (carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, sulfur, and oxygen). 116 worldwide biomasses were used as input data, which is a relevant alternative to overcome the lack of experimental resources in NEB and obtain such information. Cross-validation was conducted with k-fold to optimize the ANNs and performance was analyzed with the use of statistical errors for accuracy assessments. The results showed an acceptable statistical performance for all architectures of ANNs, with 0.001–12.41% MAPE, 0.001–5.82 mg Nm⁻³ MAE, and 0.03–52.30 mg Nm⁻³ RMSE, highlighting the high precision of the emissions studied. On average, the differences between predicted and real values for CO, CO₂, NO, and SO₂ emissions from NEB biomasses were approximately 0.01%, 10⁻⁶%, 0.14%, and 0.05%, respectively. Pearson coefficient provided consistent results of concentration of the ultimate analysis in relation to the emissions studied and effectiveness of the test set in the developed models. © 2024 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Brazilian northeastern Environmental statistics Evaluation metrics Gaseous emissions Predictive models Thermoconversion

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