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IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental science 2020年第1期404卷

作者： Fauziyah A I S Purwiyanto F Agustriani W A E Putri Ermatita A Putra Marine Science Study Program Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Sriwijaya University Indonesia Information System Department Faculty of Computer Science Sriwijaya University Indonesia

Snapper (Lutjanus sp.) is an economically important fish for local fishermen in Banyuasin coastal water of South Sumatra. However, the current and historical stock of this species is still unknown. This study was aimed to estimate the stock status of Lutjanus sp. in the Banyuasin coastal waters. The annual catch and effort data were analyzed from 2008 to 2016. The different surplus production models were tested to obtain the best-fitted model based on the sign suitability test, model performance test, and multiple criteria analysis. The results indicated that the best-fitted model for Lutjanus sp. was the Fox model. The model had the best value for the determination coefficient (R2 = 97.2%), Nash-Sutcliffe Efficiency (-0.277), Mean Absolute Deviation (29.198), Mean Square Error (1,190.522), Root Mean Square Error (34.504), and RMSE-observations Standard Deviation Ratio (1.13), whereas the value of Mean Absolute Percentage Error (0.05) was the second-best value. The optimum effort (Eopt), maximum sustainable catch (CMSY), and total allowable catch were 22.236 trips/year, 623 ton and 498 ton/year, respectively. Based on plotting the effort and exploitation level (141%; 102%) in 2016, the stock status of Lutjanus sp. indicated depleting stock, the high fishing pressure and could encourage overfishing stock in the future.

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Hidden figures underlying quality measures: revealing hidden racial inequalities in end-of-life cancer care delivery: a cohort study

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The Lancet Regional Health - Americas

The Lancet Regional Health - Americas 2025年 47卷

作者： Inas S. Khayal John J. Shin Gabriel A. Brooks Amber E. Barnato Ellesse-Roselee Akré Terri Lewinson Amro M. Farid A. James O'Malley The Dartmouth Institute for Health Policy and Clinical Practice Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth Lebanon NH 03756 USA Biomedical Data Science Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth Lebanon NH 03756 USA Department of Computer Science Dartmouth College Hanover NH 03755 USA Cancer Population Sciences Program Dartmouth Cancer Center Lebanon NH 03756 USA Department of Medicine Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center Lebanon NH 03756 USA Section of Palliative Care Department of Medicine Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center Lebanon NH 03756 USA Department of Health Policy and Management Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health Baltimore MD 21205 USA Department of Systems Engineering School of Engineering and Science Stevens Institute of Technology Hoboken NJ 07030 USA Department of Mathematics Dartmouth College Hanover NH 03755 USA

Background Calls for healthcare systems to reduce disparities in cancer care access and outcomes draw on comparisons of existing measures across race and ethnicity subgroups. This approach may hide inequities driven by systematic bias in the timing of care delivery. The goals of this study were to: (1) identify differences in the timing of care delivery between racial groups, and (2) determine whether these differences could be identified from quality measures. Methods Retrospective decedent follow-back study of hospitals treating Medicare fee-for-service beneficiaries with advanced cancer aged 65–99 who died April–December 2016. Among hospitals serving at least 11 decedents of color (including Black or African-American, Asian/Pacific Islander, Hispanic, American Indian/Alaska Native, and Other) and 11 White decedents, we calculated hospital-level differences between White decedents and decedents of color for 1) any use of palliative care and hospice (Measures) and 2) daily counts of palliative care and hospice use for each day in the 6 months before death (Signatures). Findings The cohort included 30,319 decedents across 217 hospitals, of whom 7,852 (25.9%) were people of color (POC). The median of the hospital-specific aggregate measure difference was −5.35% (IQR = 12.83) for palliative care, indicating more POC received any palliative care, and 3.66% (IQR = 12.45) for hospice care, indicating more White people (WP) received any hospice care. We identified 5 high-level cluster-group descriptions of inequality from signatures. Inequality information from signatures matched those from measures in only 46.5% and 39.2% of hospitals for palliative and hospice care, respectively. Interpretation Signatures incorporating timing of care delivery using longitudinal data revealed patterns of racial-ethnic inequalities in end-of-life cancer care otherwise missed by traditional aggregate quality measures. Funding This work was supported by the American Cancer Society Award (RS

关键词： Racial/ethnic healthcare inequities Palliative care Hospice care Healthcare quality indicators

A Low-rank solver for the stochastic unsteady navier-stokes problem

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arXiv 2019年

作者： Elman, Howard Su, Tengfei Department of Computer Science Institute for Advanced Computer Studies University of Maryland College ParkMD20742 United States Applied Mathematics & Statistics and Scientific Computation Program University of Maryland College ParkMD20742 United States

We study a low-rank iterative solver for the unsteady Navier–Stokes equations for incompressible flows with a stochastic viscosity. The equations are discretized using the stochastic Galerkin method, and we consider an all-at-once formulation where the algebraic systems at all the time steps are collected and solved simultaneously. The problem is linearized with Picard’s method. To efficiently solve the linear systems at each step, we use low-rank tensor representations within the Krylov subspace method, which leads to significant reductions in storage requirements and computational costs. Combined with effective mean-based preconditioners and the idea of inexact solve, we show that only a small number of linear iterations are needed at each Picard step. The proposed algorithm is tested with a model of flow in a two-dimensional symmetric step domain with different settings to demonstrate the computational efficiency. Copyright © 2019, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Navier Stokes equations

Group decision support system to selection tourism object in bali using analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and copeland score model 3

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Group decision support system to selection tourism object in...

3rd International Conference on Informatics and Computing, ICIC 2018

作者： Sugiartawan, Putu Hartati, Sri Department of Computer Science and Electronics Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Universitas Gadjah Mada Yogyakarta Indonesia Informatics Program STMIK STI and KOM Indonesia Bali Indonesia

ISBN: (纸本)9781538669204

This paper purpose to combine the GDSS framework with AHP and Copeland Score Model. The framework model is used to ranking popular tourism object in Bali. Tourism became one of the main factors in the development of an area. One of the famous tourist destinations in Indonesia is the province of Bali. Bali becomes a world tourism destination because of its culture and there are hundreds of tourism objects in Bali spread in every district. Each tourist object has beautiful characteristics and panoramas but not all tourist object have a high level of visits. There is an deferences between one tourist objects with the other, affecting the number of tourist visits. To overcome these problems by knowing the characteristics each tourism object that is done through the ranking process. The assessment and ranking process involves various parties related to tourism objects such as tourism, community, academia, government, and entrepreneurs. The model used is the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) algorithm, which is used to rank tourism objects individually and combine ranking results, using the Copeland score model. In the Copeland score model, each object has a weight that is different from each other. The next ranking becomes a reference for improving the assessment criteria of each tourism object. The results showed that the tourism object of Uluwatu is the first rank, with an assessment of 8.1 and Taman Ayun obtaining the last rank with a value of 1. Analysis of sensitivity and risk by changing the characteristic weights on the criteria by giving a high point has an impact on ranking changes. © 2018 IEEE.

关键词： Analytic hierarchy process

Control of Light by Topological Solitons in Soft Chiral Birefringent Media

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Physical Review X 2020年第3期10卷 031042-031042页

作者： Andrew J. Hess Guilhem Poy Jung-Shen B. Tai Slobodan Žumer Ivan I. Smalyukh Department of Physics 390 UCB University of Colorado Boulder Boulder Colorado 80309 USA Faculty of Mathematics and Physics University of Ljubljana Jadranska 19 1000 Ljubljana Slovenia Jožef Stefan Institute Jamova cesta 39 1000 Ljubljana Slovenia Materials Science and Engineering Program and Department of Electric Computer and Energy Engineering University of Colorado Boulder Boulder Colorado 80303 USA Renewable and Sustainable Energy Institute National Renewable Energy Laboratory and University of Colorado Boulder Colorado 80309 USA

In practically all branches of physics, different types of solitons, with a number of them enjoying topological protection, are found. Here we explore how one- and two-dimensional topological solitons formed by spatially localized continuous orientational patterns of optical axis in uniaxial birefringent media interact with light. These solitons, in the forms of one-dimensional twist walls and two-dimensional skyrmions, are controllably generated in thin films of cholesteric liquid crystals to introduce spatially localized patterns of effective refractive index. Laser light interacts with these solitons as quasiparticles or extended interfaces of different effective refractive indices seen by ordinary and extraordinary waves propagating within the liquid-crystal medium. Despite our system’s complex nature, our findings can be paralleled with the familiar phenomena of total reflection and refraction at interfaces of optically distinct media, albeit these behaviors arise in a medium with homogeneous density and chemical composition but with spatial variations of molecular and optical-axis orientations. By exploiting the facile response of liquid crystals to external stimuli, we show that the twist walls and skyrmions can be used to steer laser beams and to act as lenses and other optical elements, which can be reconfigured by low-voltage fields and other means. Analytical and numerical modeling, with the latter based on free-energy-minimizing configurations of the topological solitons, closely reproduce our experimental findings. The fundamental insights provided by this work potentially can be extended also to three-dimensional solitons, such as Hopfions, and may lead to technological applications of optical-axis topological solitons in telecommunications, nanophotonics, electro-optics, and so on.

关键词： Chirality Distortions & defects Elastic forces Electric field alignment Electromagnetic interactions Patterning Symmetry protected topological states Cholesteric liquid crystals

Interactive Protocols for Classically-Verifiable Quantum Advantage

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Zhu, Daiwei Kahanamoku-Meyer, Gregory D. Lewis, Laura Noel, Crystal Katz, Or Harraz, Bahaa Wang, Qingfeng Risinger, Andrew Feng, Lei Biswas, Debopriyo Egan, Laird Gheorghiu, Alexandru Nam, Yunseong Vidick, Thomas Vazirani, Umesh Yao, Norman Y. Cetina, Marko Monroe, Christopher Joint Quantum Institute Departments of Physics and Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Maryland College ParkMD20742 United States Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science NIST University of Maryland College ParkMD20742 United States Department of Physics University of California BerkeleyCA94720 United States Materials Sciences Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory BerkeleyCA94720 United States Department of Computing and Mathematical Sciences California Institute of Technology CA91125 United States Division of Physics Mathematics and Astronomy California Institute of Technology CA91125-0001 United States Duke Quantum Center Department of Physics Duke University DurhamNC27708 United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Duke University DurhamNC27708 United States IonQ Inc. College ParkMD20740 United States Institute for Theoretical Studies ETH Zürich CH 8001 Switzerland Chemical Physics Program Institute for Physical Science and Technology University of Maryland College ParkMD20742 United States Departments of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Maryland College ParkMD20742 United States

Interaction is a powerful resource for quantum computation. It can be utilized in applications ranging from the verification of quantum algorithms all the way to verifying quantum mechanics itself. Here, we present the first implementation of interactive protocols for proofs of quantumness — which when suitably scaled promise the efficient verification of quantum computational advantage. The key feature that distinguishes these protocols from existing demonstrations of quantum advantage is that the classical verification is efficient and scales polynomially rather than exponentially with the number of qubits. The experimental implementation of such interactive protocols requires the ability to independently measure subsets of qubits in the middle of a quantum circuit and to continue coherent evolution afterwards. This is achieved by spatially isolating target qubits via shuttling, and opens the door to a range of quantum interactive protocols as well as new information processing architectures. Copyright © 2021, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Qubits

用于糖尿病培训的大型语言模型:一项前瞻性研究（英文）

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science Bulletin 2025年第6期 934-942页

作者：李灏萱江泽铧管洲榆包玉倩刘月星胡婷婷李佳佳刘茹涵吴量程棣纪宏伟王勇王亚星 Carol Y.Cheung 郑颖丰王继红李震吴卫兵 Cynthia Ciwei Lim Yong Mong Bee Hong Chang Tan Elif I.Ekinci David C.Klonoff Justin B.Echouffo-Tcheugui Nestoras Mathioudakis Leonor Corsino Rafael Simó Charumathi Sabanayagam Gavin Siew Wei Tan 程景煜黄天荫李华婷蔡淳毛丽娟 Lee-Ling Lim 覃宇宗盛斌贾伟平 Shanghai University of Sport School of Clinical Medicine Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital Tsinghua Medicine Tsinghua University Beijing Visual Science and Translational Eye Research Institute(BERI) Tsinghua Medicine Tsinghua University Shanghai Belt and Road International Joint Laboratory of Intelligent Prevention and Treatment for Metabolic Diseases Department of Computer Science and Engineering School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai Diabetes Institute Shanghai Clinical Center for Diabetes MoE Key Lab of Artificial Intelligence Artificial Intelligence Institute Shanghai Jiao Tong University Department of Cardiology the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University CEMS NCMIS HCMS MADIS Academy of Mathematics and Systems Science Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Mathematics University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Systems Health Science of Zhejiang Province School of Life Science Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology Beijing Tongren Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Key Laboratory Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences The Chinese University of Hong Kong State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center Sun Yat-sen University Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual ScienceGuangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases Department of Renal Medicine Singapore General Hospital Sing Health-Duke Academic Medical Centre Department of Endocrinology Singapore General Hospital Department of Endocrinology Austin Health Department of Medicine The University of Melbourne(Austin Health) Australian Centre for Accelerating Diabetes Innovations(ACADI) The Univ

Diabetes poses a considerable global health challenge, with varying levels of diabetes knowledge among healthcare professionals, highlighting the importance of diabetes training. Large Language Models(LLMs)provide new insights into diabetes training, but their performance in diabetes-related queries remains uncertain, especially outside the English language like Chinese. We first evaluated the performance of ten LLMs: Chat GPT-3.5, Chat GPT-4.0, Google Bard, Lla MA-7B, Lla MA2-7B, Baidu ERNIE Bot, Ali Tongyi Qianwen, Med GPT, Huatuo GPT, and Chinese Lla MA2-7B on diabetes-related queries, based on the Chinese National Certificate Examination for Primary Diabetes Care in China(NCE-CPDC) and the English Specialty Certificate Examination in Endocrinology and Diabetes of Membership of the Royal College of Physicians of the United Kingdom. Second, we assessed the training of primary care physicians(PCPs) without and with the assistance of Chat GPT-4.0 in the NCE-CPDC examination to ascertain the reliability of LLMs as medical assistants. We found that Chat GPT-4.0 outperformed other LLMs in the English examination, achieving a passing accuracy of 62.50%, which was significantly higher than that of Google Bard, Lla MA-7B, and Lla MA2-7B. For the NCE-CPFC examination, Chat GPT-4.0, Ali Tongyi Qianwen, Baidu ERNIE Bot, Google Bard, Med GPT, and Chat GPT-3.5 successfully passed, whereas Lla MA2-7B, Huatuo GPT,Chinese LLa MA2-7B, and Lla MA-7B failed. Chat GPT-4.0(84.82%) surpassed all PCPs and assisted most PCPs in the NCE-CPDC examination(improving by 1%–6.13%). In summary, LLMs demonstrated outstanding competence for diabetes-related questions in both the Chinese and English language, and hold great potential to assist future diabetes training for physicians globally.

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Cost-sensitive selection of variables by ensemble of model sequences

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arXiv 2019年

作者： Yan, Donghui Qin, Zhiwei Gu, Songxiang Xu, Haiping Shao, Ming Department of Mathematics and Program in Data Science DiDi Research America Mountain ViewCA United States JD Digital Mountain ViewCA United States Department of Computer and Information Science University of Massachusetts Dartmouth MA United States

Many applications require the collection of data on different variables or measurements over many system performance metrics. We term those broadly as measures or variables. Often data collection along each measure incurs a cost, thus it is desirable to consider the cost of measures in modeling. This is a fairly new class of problems in the area of cost-sensitive learning. A few attempts have been made to incorporate costs in combining and selecting measures. However, existing studies either do not strictly enforce a budget constraint, or are not the 'most' cost effective. With a focus on classification problems, we propose a computationally efficient approach that could find a near optimal model under a given budget by exploring the most 'promising' part of the solution space. Instead of outputting a single model, we produce a model schedule-a list of models, sorted by model costs and expected predictive accuracy. This could be used to choose the model with the best predictive accuracy under a given budget, or to trade off between the budget and the predictive accuracy. Experiments on some benchmark datasets show that our approach compares favorably to competing methods. © 2019, CC BY-NC-ND.

关键词： Data acquisition

Marangoni convection-driven laser fountains and waves on free surfaces of liquids

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Lin, Feng Quraishy, Aamir Nasir Tong, Tian Li, Runjia Yang, Guang Mohebinia, Mohammadjavad Qiu, Yi Vishal, Talari Zhao, Junyi Zhang, Wei Zhong, Hong Zhang, Hang Zhou, Chaofu Tong, Xin Yu, Peng Hu, Jonathan Dong, Suchuan Liu, Dong Wang, Zhiming Schaibley, John R. Bao, Jiming Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences University of Electronic Science and Technology of China ChengduSichuan610054 China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Houston HoustonTX77204 United States Department of Physics University of Arizona TucsonAZ85721 United States James C. Wyant College of Optical Sciences University of Arizona TucsonAZ85721 United States Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Houston HoustonTX77204 United States Materials Science and Engineering Program University of Houston HoustonTX77204 United States School of Science Southwest Petroleum University ChengduSichuan610500 China Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering Washington University in St. Louis St. LouisMO63130 United States Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering Baylor University WacoTX76798 United States Department of Mathematics Purdue University West LafayetteIN47907 United States Department of Physics Texas Center for Superconductivity University of Houston HoustonTX77204 United States

It is well accepted that an outward Marangoni convection from a low surface tension region will make the surface depressed. Here, we report that this established perception is only valid for thin liquid films. Using surface laser heating, we show that in deep liquids a laser beam actually pulls up the fluid above the free surface generating fountains with different shapes. Whereas with decreasing liquid depth a transition from fountain to indentation with fountain-in-indentation is observed. Further, high-speed imaging reveals a transient surface process before steady elevation is formed, and this dynamic deformation is subsequently utilized to resonantly excite giant surface waves by a modulated laser beam. Computational fluid dynamics models reveal the underlying flow patterns and quantify the depth-dependent and time-resolved surface deformations. Our discoveries and techniques have upended the century-old perception and opened up a new regime of interdisciplinary research and applications of Marangoni-induced interface phenomena and optocapillary fluidic surfaces - the control of fluids with light. © 2021, CC BY.

关键词： Deformation

Dimensional reduction using conditional entropy for incomplete information systems 1

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15th International Conference on Parallel Computing Technologies, PaCT 2019

作者： Deris, Mustafa Mat Senan, Norhalina Abdullah, Zailani Mamat, Rabiei Handaga, Bana Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia Parit Raja Malaysia Faculty of Entrepreneurship and Business Universiti Malaysia Kelantan Pengkalan Chepa Kota BharuKelantan16100 Malaysia Faculty of Informatics and Applied Mathematics University of Malaysia Terengganu Kuala TerengganuTerengganu21030 Malaysia Program Studi Informatika Universitas Muhammadiah Surakarta SurakartaCentral Java57162 Indonesia

ISBN: (数字)9783030256364

ISBN: (纸本)9783030256357

Dimension reduction approach is one of the main data reduction approaches in order to reduce the storage and processing time while maintaining the integrity of the original data. A wide range of dimension reduction approaches are based on classical approaches such as PCA and Bayer’s, and machine learning approaches such as clustering, and feature selection techniques. However, many of the approaches do not consider the incomplete information systems where some attribute values are missing or incomplete. Only few studies were proposed for the problem in incomplete information systems due to its complexities, specifically on attribute selection. The most popular approaches is based on probability theory to replace missing values with the most common values, or remove the missing objects from the information systems. However, it needs to know the probability distribution of data in advance. To overcome these issues, we propose a new approach based on conditional entropy to reduce dimensionality. The results show that the proposed approach achieves better data reduction with higher accuracy for objects and dimensionality reduction in incomplete information systems. © 2019, Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

关键词： Data reduction