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21st IMEKO World Congress on measurement in Research and Industry

作者： Ortlepp, Ingo Büchner, Hans-Joachim Ivanov, Tzvetan Hofer, Manuel Zöllner, Jens-Peter Rangelow, Ivo Manske, Eberhard Institute of Process Measurement and Sensor Technology Technische Universität Ilmenau IlmenauD-98693 Germany Group: Microelectronic and Nanoelectronic Systems Technische Universität Ilmenau IlmenauD-98693 Germany

A novel photodiode for application in a standingwave interferometer was developed. The operation principle is based on the optical standing wave whose stationary intensity profile can be detected by a photosensor which-for this purpose-has to be transparent and thinner than the optical wavelength. The working principle and basic design requirements of the developed sensor are described, and the results of measurements inside and outside the standing wave are discussed.

关键词： Interferometers

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Miniaturized Photoacoustic Carbon Dioxide sensor with Integrated Temperature Compensation for Room Climate Monitoring

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Procedia Engineering 2015年 120卷 283-288页

作者： J. Huber A. Ambs J. Wöllenstein Fraunhofer Institute for Physical Measurement Techniques IPM Department of Gas and Process Technology Group of Integrated Sensor Systems 79110 Freiburg Germany Department of Microsystems Engineering - IMTEK University of Freiburg Germany

A miniaturized photoacoustic spectroscopic gas sensor for room climate monitoring is presented with the measurement range of 0 –5000 ppm. The sensor consists of an innovative photoacoustic detection unit with an integrated mobile phone microphone as pressure sensor. As IR-source a broadband thermal emitter is used. The emitter is modulated with 13 Hz at a maximum temperature of about 750 °C. An electronic unit with a microcontroller on a 3D-PCB design has been developed. The sensor reaches a resolution better than 50 ppm CO 2 . A detailed characterization of the setup has been carried out. An integrated temperature compensation is realized to improve the sensor performance under varying environmental conditions. The potential for further miniaturization and the realization as a low-cost mass market sensor is shown.

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Characterisation of the tool wear during ductile polishing of ceramic tiles using morphological space

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International Journal of Abrasive technology 2016年第3期7卷 216-225页

作者： Sousa, Fábio José Pinheiro Seewig, Jörg Do Nascimento, Rubens Maribondo Chiamulera, Cátia Alarcon, Orestes Estevam Weingärtner, Walter Lindwolf Department of Mechanical Engineering Institute for Manufacturing Technology and Production Systems - FBK University of Kaiserslautern P.O. Box 3049 KaiserslauternD-67653 Germany Department of Mechanical Engineering Institute for Measurement and Sensor-Technology - MTS University of Kaiserslautern P.O. Box 3049 KaiserslauternD-67653 Germany Department of Material Engineering Federal University of Rio Grande Do Norte Natal - RNCEP 59078-900 Brazil Embraer Av. Alcides Cagliari 2281 B-200 Botucatu - SP18606-855 Brazil Department of Mechanical Engineering Federal University of Santa Catarina P.O. Box 476 Florianópolis - SCCEP 88040-900 Brazil

The present work is focused on the wear of the abrasive tools during the industrial polishing process of porcelain stoneware tiles, aiming to extend the validity of using morphological space to quantify the wear when very fine abrasive tools are used. In such morphological space, the horizontal and vertical axes are respectively the skewness (Sk) and the kurtosis (K) of the distribution of heights taken from several surface profiles. Despite the existence of an intrinsic interaction between Sk and K, the approach enables the sequence of geometrical changes suffered by the fickert surface to be quantitatively evaluated. The experimental points obtained were nearly aligned and with a negative slope, just as expected for abrasive wear. Implausibly, the results for fine abrasive fickerts was much more scattered than for those with coarse abrasive particles found in literature. Copyright © 2016 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd.

关键词： Silicon carbide

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Analytical modeling of a multi-coil system for inductive powering of movable low-power wireless devices

Analytical modeling of a multi-coil system for inductive pow...

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International Multi-Conference on systems, Signals and Devices

作者： Bilel Kallel Koushik Sasmal Olfa Kanoun Hafedh Trabelsi Chair for Measurement and Sensor Technology Technische Universit?t Chemnitz Chemnitz Germany Computer Electronic & Smart Engineering systems design National Engineering School of Sfax University of Sfax Sfax Tunisia

ISBN: (纸本)9781479917594

Inductive power transfer provides interesting possibilities for supplying movable devices. In this paper, an analysis of the inductive link for a multi coil system consisting of an array of air-core transmitter coils connected in series is carried out. An analytic model for the system is proposed and the corresponding equations are solved numerically. These equations are verified then by simulation. The good fitting between analytic and simulation results implies the validity of the proposed model. The theoretical analysis is first highlighted to extract the critical parameters in order to achieve a large powering range and relative good efficiency. For the same reason, a series-series resonant tank is considered for both sending and receiving sides. A method to improve both link and power efficiencies is also proposed by setting an optimal load at the receiving side. The investigation shows that the system is capable to send 239milliwatts over 30 mm coil to coil distance and reaching 71.42% coil to coil efficiency and 14% as total efficiency.

关键词： inductive power transfer movable devices multi-coil system resonant tank analytic model simulations optimal load

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Gesture-based universal optical remote control: concept, reconstruction principle and recognition results

Gesture-based universal optical remote control: concept, rec...

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IEEE International Instrumentation and measurement technology Conference

作者： Heinrich Ruser Szymon Kosterski Christian Kargel Division of Sensor Technology and Measurement Systems Bundeswehr University Munich Neubiberg Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781479961153

The concept of an easy-to-use optical remote control and results of gesture reconstruction and recognition are presented. The hand-held universal remote control ("SmartPointer") has a pencil-like shape and emits infrared (IR) light with a particular spatial pattern. A cost-effective IR-sensitive receiver in the vicinity of the devices to be remotely controlled records the spatio-temporal intensity changes while a gesture is being carried out. From these intensity changes in the receiver plane, the trajectory of the pattern is calculated and the gesture reconstructed. For recognition purposes, the trajectories are appropriately scaled in size, centered and then transformed into representations based on the trajectories' arc lengths to eliminate the different time scaling of rapidly and slowly conducted gestures. This approach also helps eliminate intra- and interpersonal trajectory variabilities which might be large for the same intended gesture. At present, the gesture test set comprises 24 intuitive gestures (classes) including numerals and several characters for the control of basic device functions. Results are derived from simulations and experiments carried out with 36 test persons aged from 7 to 85 years. Over all 24 gestures, an average recognition rate (true positive rate, TPR) of 93.8 % (with 14 gestures showing a TPR> 96 %) and an average positive predictive value (PPV) of 94.3% (with 12 gestures showing a PPV >96%) has been achieved so far.

关键词： man-machine interface remote control image processing gesture reconstruction gesture recognition

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Evaluation of Time-Gated Fluorescence Spectroscopy for the Classification of Fluorescently Labeled Plastics

Evaluation of Time-Gated Fluorescence Spectroscopy for the C...

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IEEE International Instrumentation and measurement technology Conference

作者： Petr Fomin Siegfried Brunner Christian Kargel Institute for Measurement and Automation Division of Sensor Technology and Measurement Systems Bundeswehr University Munich Werner-Heisenberg-Weg 39 85579 Neubiberg Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781479961153

The automated recycling of plastics becomes increasingly attractive from both the economical and environmental point of view. Yet in applications where plastic parts with high quality are required, recycled plastic materials cannot be employed at present because waste plastics of different kind are usually mixed during the recycling process. In order to produce the necessary mono-fractional compositions of waste plastics, a highly reliable sorting method before recycling is of paramount importance. We have been investigating the promising approach of labeling virgin plastics with specifically designed fluorescent tracers ("markers") in earlier studies [1]-[3]. Despite all the advantages of this approach compared to other techniques, the overlap of the tracers' fluorescence with the intrinsic autofluorescence plastic polymers might show is quite challenging in terms of a highly reliable classification. In this study we compare steady-state spectroscopy so far implemented in our sorting system prototype with time-gated fluorescence spectroscopy based upon their classification performances. As it turns out, the steady-state approach delivers acceptable performance only at rather high signal-to-noise ratios (S/N) when pronounced autofluorescence is present. Such S/N levels might be hard to achieve in practice. The time-gated approach on the other hand can completely eliminate the intrinsic autofluorescence from the measured spectra at the cost of moderately decreasing the signal-to-noise ratio. As long as these S/N values are larger than about +10 dB, ideal classification results of F_1-score = 100% can be achieved in practice for the application at hand.

关键词： Plastics Fluorescence Spectroscopy fluorescence emission spectroscopy plastic waste signal to noise ratios Plastics recycling autofluorescence Recycling Plastic parts fluorescent tracers Tin supernovas Hand

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Finite element analysis of combined magnetoelectric- electrodynamic vibration energy converter

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Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2015年第1期660卷

作者： Sonia Bradai Slim Naifar Olfa Kanoun Chair for Measurement and Sensor Technology Technische Universität Chemnitz Reichenhainer Straβe 70 09126 Chemnitz Germany Laboratory of Electromechanical Systems National Engineering School of Sfax University of Sfax Route de Soukra km 4 3038 Sfax Tunisia

In this paper we report on the design and optimization of a novel combined vibration energy harvester based on the use of electrodynamic and magnetoelectric (ME) principles to increase the energy outcome of an electrodynamic harvester without significantly increasing its size. Thereby the most important aspect is the dependence of magnetic flux variation on design parameters, as is it is the decisive effect for energy conversion. Magnetic circuit form and magnetization are optimized for maximizing energy outcome. We conclude that better magnetic flux variation is reached for a magnetic circuit formed with two magnets stacked one within the other using the same magnetization. Results illustrate that the use of combined converter enables to enhance the performance of simple electrodynamic or ME converter.

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Investigation of uorescence spectra disturbances inuencing the classification performance of uorescently labeled plastic akes

Investigation of uorescence spectra disturbances inuencing t...

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Videometrics, Range Imaging, and Applications XII;and Automated Visual Inspection

作者： Fomin, Petr Brunner, Siegfried Kargel, Christian Institute for Measurement and Automation Division of Sensor Technology and Measurement Systems Bundeswehr University Munich Werner-Heisenberg-Weg 39 85579 Neubiberg Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9780819496072

The recycling of plastic products becomes increasingly attractive not only from an environmental point of view, but also economically. For recycled (engineering) plastic products with the highest possible quality, plastic sorting technologies must provide clean and virtually mono-fractional compositions from a mixture of many different types of (shredded) plastics. In order to put this high quality sorting into practice, the labeling of virgin plastics with specific uorescent markers at very low concentrations (ppm level or less) during their manufacturing process is proposed. The emitted uorescence spectra represent \optical fingerprints - each being unique for a particular plastic - which we use for plastic identification and classification purposes. In this study we quantify the classification performance using our prototype measurement system and 15 different plastic types when various inuence factors most relevant in practice cause disturbances of the uorescence spectra emitted from the labeled plastics. The results of these investigations help optimize the development and incorporation of appropriate uorescent markers as well as the classification algorithms and overall measurement system in order to achieve the lowest possible classification error rates. © 2013 SPIE.

关键词： Plastic recycling

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A Model-Based Temperature Estimator for Improving sensor Dynamics in Vehicle Exhaust systems

A Model-Based Temperature Estimator for Improving Sensor Dyn...

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Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society

作者： Thomas Guther Holger Bonicke Christoph Ament Silke Augustin Thomas Frohlich Department of Systems Analysis Ilmenau University of Technology Department of Process Measurement and Sensor Technology Ilmenau University of Technology

ISBN: (纸本)9781479902255

With the advent of fast processors, real-time process control is becoming an important component of modern automobile industrial products. Normally, heat transfer processes possess large time constants and, as a consequence, temperature sensors are relatively slow. In order to protect against the hostile environment, temperature sensors used in vehicle exhaust systems need additional casing. Due to the casing, the heat transfer from the surface of the casing to the sensor is decreased even further. In order to design a feedback control for the vehicle, accurate information about the temperature inside the exhaust system is required which needs to be estimated from the measured temperature inside the exhaust system. In this paper, we develop a model of the sensor and use a Kalman filter for the prediction of the ambient temperature from the measurements. Further, we validate our results with suitable tests and compare the test results with the simulation results.

关键词： Signal Processing Modelling Prediction Thermocouple Heat Transfer Exhaust System Combustion Engine EXHAUST GAS SYSTEM Heat transfer combustion engine Thermocouple signal processing Casings Modeling Vehicle Emissions sensors feedback control Kalman filters heat transfer surface Temperature sensor Device Component

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A space-borne fiber-optic interrogator module based on a narrow-band tunable laser doide for temperature monitoring in telecommunication satellites

A space-borne fiber-optic interrogator module based on a nar...

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Optical measurement systems for Industrial Inspection VIII

作者： Putzer, P. Kuhenuri, N. Koch, A.W. Schweyer, S. Hurni, A. Plattner, M. Institute for Measurement Systems and Sensor Technology Technische Universität München Theresienstr. 90/N5 Munich Germany Kayser-Threde GmbH Wolfratshauser Str. 48 Munich Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9780819496041

In this paper measurement results of the fiber-optic interrogator module for telecommunication satellite applications are presented. The sensor interrogator features from fiber Bragg grating (FBG) based sensing. Benefits are intrinsic sensor distribution capability and the possibility to embed optical fibers in composite structures like tanks and satellite panels. The fiber-optic interrogator module is based on a narrow-band monolithic laser diode where the output wavelength is spectrally tuned by electric control signals. By evaluating the intensities of the sensor response, the peak of the FBG can be monitored. The correct evaluation of the sensor response is a challenging task, therefore different computational methods are presented, namely centroid, finite impulse response filter and curve fitting algorithms. The algorithms shall met the performance requirements in terms of measurement accuracy, robustness against laser degradation and measurement rate. Furthermore the algorithms shall be implemented in an FPGA, which means a detailed point of view to fixed-point arithmetic and necessary amount of hardware resources at constant performance. measurement results based on the different FBG evaluation algorithms are presented and traded regarding accuracy robustness and their possible implementation in an FPGA. © 2013 SPIE.

关键词： Fiber Bragg gratings

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