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2024 IEEE Photonics Conference, IPC 2024

作者： Schmidt, Christoph Töfferl, Michael Schossmann, Alexander Banzer, Peter Bergmann, Alexander Graz University of Technology Institute for Measurement and Sensor Systems Inffeldgasse 33/I Graz8010 Austria Christian Doppler Laboratory for Structured Matter Based Sensing Inffeldgasse 33 and Universitätsplatz 5 Graz8010 Austria University of Graz Department of Physics Universitätsplatz 5 Graz8010 Austria

ISBN: (纸本)9798350361957

Enhancing fields is an important task in millimeter-wave applications, such as nondestructive microwave inspection, metamaterial sensing applications, or millimeter-wave imaging. This demand for compact yet high-performance devices for field enhancement operating in the millimeter-wave regime has led to innovative approaches regarding lens design. State-of-the-art lens designs in this wavelength regime tend to be bulky and operate in the far field, making them unsuitable for small form factor applications. In this context, formulating the required functionality and algorithmically looking for the desired material topology is an inversion of the standard approach. This paper presents an inverse-designed field-amplifying metalens operating in the near field of a 60GHz patch antenna. With a size of about three times the wave length, the given structure promises good performance while maintaining a smaller form factor than conventional solutions. It yields an enhancement of the power amplitude by over 7dB. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Inverse problems

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Ab-initio modeling of bend-losses in silicon nitride waveguides from visible to near-infrared 13

Ab-initio modeling of bend-losses in silicon nitride wavegui...

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Optical Modeling and Performance Predictions XIII 2023

作者： Hinum-Wagner, Jakob W. Hoermann, Samuel M. Sattelkow, Jürgen Buchberger, Anton Schörner, Christian Janka, Stephan Rossbach, Georg Rist, Desiree Kraft, Jochen Bergmann, Alexander Institute of Electrical Measurement and Sensor Systems Graz University of Technology Inffeldgasse 33 Graz8010 Austria ams-OSRAM AG Tobelbaderstraße 30 Premstaetten8141 Austria ams-OSRAM International GmbH Leibnitzstraße 4 Regensburg93055 Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781510665422

Integrated photonics features applications in high-speed telecommunication, computing, and sensing. These devices are ultimately limited by the optical loss occurring in the waveguide structures. One of its primary sources is surface-roughness- induced scattering and bend-losses. Surface roughness is unavoidably introduced during deposition, mainly during etching and lithographic steps. In photonic integrated circuits, tight bends enable a compact footprint yet increase the mode mismatch loss, radiation loss and scattering loss. Previously, the bend losses were estimated from a parametric model. However, it lacks flexibility w.r.t. the waveguide platform. We apply a recently developed model of the surface-roughness-induced scattering in guided-mode systems to substantiate the dependence of the scattering loss on the bend-radius for waveguides based on a silicon nitride platform. The model incorporates the surface roughness via its autocorrelation. Further, it inherently considers the overlap of the modes with the roughness. As waveguide material, we used both plasma-enhanced CVD silicon nitride as a low-temperature, back-end-compatible process, and low-pressure CVD silicon nitride, as a high-temperature frontend process. As bottom and top cladding, we deposited high-density plasma (HDP) and sputtered silicon oxide, respectively. The latter offers flexibility to adapt the platform for sensing purposes. We evaluate different waveguide widths, bend radii, and wavelengths in the visible and near-infrared ranges. We set the observed propagation losses into context with estimated absorption, scattering, and mode-overlap loss sources and point to their shifting importance at the measured wavelengths. We believe that this model allows to increase our knowledge about the various aspects of loss in guided mode systems and predict the propagation loss based on foregoing absorption and roughness measurements. © 2023 SPIE.

关键词： Surface roughness

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Linear Variable Differential Transformer in Harsh Environments - A Displacement and Thermal Study

Linear Variable Differential Transformer in Harsh Environmen...

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IEEE Instrumentation and measurement technology Conference

作者： G. Gruber M. Neumayer B. Schweighofer T. Leitner M. Berger G. Klösch H. Wegleiter Christian Doppler Laboratory for Measurement Systems for Harsh Operating Conditions Institute of Electrical Measurement and Sensor Systems Graz University of Technology Graz Austria voestalpine Stahl Donawitz GmbH Leoben Austria

Linear variable differential transformers (LVDT) are high precision linear position sensors and capable of measuring position up to one meter. Especially in environments with high temperatures and temperature variations, the core material used, ferritic or non-ferritic, is critical. In this paper we present simulations and comparative measurements to interpret the dependency of LVDTs. We analyse the performance of the LVDT with respect to changes in the excitation signal, as well as uniform and non-uniform heating of the LVDT. The simulation model presented can be used to model the sensor behavior and reproduce the dependencies of the output voltages. The results show that the behavior of the sensor varies depending on the position of the core. This makes compensation measures difficult.

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Investigation of the surface integrity when cryogenic milling of Ti-6Al-4V using a sub-zero metalworking fluid 6th

Investigation of the surface integrity when cryogenic millin...

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6th CIRP Conference on Surface Integrity, CSI 2022

作者： Gutzeit, Kevin Bulun, Georgis Stelzer, Gerhard Kirsch, Benjamin Seewig, Jörg Aurich, Jan C. Institute For Manufacturing Technology And Production Systems Tu Kaiserslautern Gottlieb-Daimler-Str. Kaiserslautern67663 Germany Institute For Measurement And Sensor Technology Tu Kaiserslautern Gottlieb-Daimler-Str. Kaiserslautern67663 Germany

In this paper a novel cooling strategy is presented using a sub-zero metalworking fluid when milling Ti-6Al-4V. The metalworking fluid, composed of water and ethane-1,2-diol, was applied to the process at varied supply temperatures. An analysis of the occurring forces and temperatures, as well as the resulting surface integrity, is carried out. The surface integrity is characterized by microhardness measurements in the surface layer of the workpiece. Additionally, the surface topography is characterized using optical measuring techniques. The results are compared to those obtained using dry milling and when using a conventional cryogenic CO2 cooling strategy. © 2022 The Authors.

关键词： Cryogenics

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Vibrotactile Phantom Sensations in Haptic Wrist Rotation Guidance

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IEEE Transactions on Haptics 2025年 PP卷 PP页

作者： Schafer, Niklas Seiler, Julian Latsch, Bastian Kupnik, Mario Beckerle, Philipp Technische Universität Darmstadt Measurement and Sensor Technology Group Darmstadt64283 Germany Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Chair of Autonomous Systems and Mechatronics Erlangen91052 Germany

Haptic motion guidance has the potential to advance assistive technologies that support humans in movement tasks. This study systematically evaluates wrist rotation guidance methods in a 2×2 repeated measures design using a wearable vibrotactile feedback device. In two tasks, we investigate the benefits of encoding the current target distance in the cue strength and conveying additional information about the target location by incorporating a tactile illusion known as phantom sensation. For a directional response task, we analyze reaction times and error rates, and for an angle targeting task, we examine rise time, settling time, and maximum overshoot of the normalized step responses. These objective criteria are complemented by subjective user ratings that assess the intuitiveness and ease of interpreting the vibrotactile cues. Feedback methods incorporating an adaptive amplitude perform significantly better in the angle targeting task compared to those using a constant amplitude. Additional improvements can be achieved by combining the adaptive amplitude with phantom sensations, including an average additional 24.3% reduction in rise time. Furthermore, more than half of the participants rate this combination as their favorite method. Altogether, the results underline the potential of incorporating phantom sensations in vibrotactile wrist guidance, thereby contributing to the advancement of wearable haptics in assistive applications. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Assistive technology

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Photothermal monitor for black carbon mass concentration using a fiber-coupled fabry-pérot interferometer

Photothermal monitor for black carbon mass concentration usi...

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Optics and Photonics for Sensing the Environment, E2 2021 - Part of OSA Optical sensors and Sensing Congress 2021

作者： Radeschnig, Ulrich Knoll, Markus Lang, Benjamin Bergmann, Alexander Institute of Electrical Measurement and Sensor Systems Graz University of Technology Inffeldgasse 33/I Graz8010 Austria

We present a concept for a miniaturizable black carbon monitor based on a fiber-coupled Fabry-Pérot interferometer. By means of photothermal excitation, we reach a limit of detection as low as 13 μg/m3 © 20... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)9781557528209

关键词： Fabry-Perot interferometers

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3D Geometry Design of the Human Thorax and Forward Calculation for Electrical Impedance Tomography 20

3D Geometry Design of the Human Thorax and Forward Calculati...

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20th International Multi-Conference on systems, Signals and Devices, SSD 2023

作者： Alwaz, Youssef Bader, Oumaima Ben Amara, Najoua Essoukri Kanoun, Olfa University of Sousse National Engineering School of Sousse Sousse Tunisia Université de Sousse Ecole Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Sousse LATIS- Laboratory of Advanced Technology and Intelligent Systems Sousse4023 Tunisia Technische Universität Chemnitz Measurement and Sensor Technology Chemnitz09111 Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9798350332568

Electrical Impedance Tomography (EIT) for lung monitoring reflects the internal conductivity distribution of human tissues based on the boundary voltages that are measured through given electrodes. The electrodes are placed around the human chest. A low-amplitude current is injected through driving electrodes, and the boundary voltages are measured through other electrodes. In this context, this work has elaborated a strategy for the design of a 3D geometry of the human thorax based on sequential Computed Tomography (CT) scans. This geometry will be used for the simulation and analysis of the EIT measurement. Image segmentation has been used to extract the contour within different layers of the CT scans to form the final 3D geometry of the chest containing the lungs and the thorax. The generated geometry was later meshed and repaired. Mesh properties were controlled through the Skewness quality metric. A multi-layered design has been elaborated to mimic different human chest layers such as body fluid, muscle, and skin resulting in three models. These models had given the accuracy of 62%, 63%, and 65% of skewed elements relative to the existing volume. Later on, the electrodes were placed on the thorax geometry for EIT forward simulation, and the effect of the multi-layered model has been investigated. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Finite element method

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Improved Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm for EIT Image Reconstruction 20

Improved Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm for EIT Image...

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20th International Multi-Conference on systems, Signals and Devices, SSD 2023

作者： Kahouli, Oumayma Hafsa, Mariem Hellara, Hiba Bennour, Imed Eddine Essoukri Ben Amarax, Najoua Kanoun, Olfa University of Sousse National Engineering School of Sousse Department of Computer Science Sousse4023 Tunisia National Engineering School of Sousse Laboratory of Advanced Technology and Intelligent Systems Tunisia Technische Universität Chemnitz Laboratory of Measurement and Sensor Technology Chemnitz Germany University of Sfax Laboratory of Signals Systems Artificial Intelligence and Networks Digital Research Center of Sfax Tunisia

ISBN: (纸本)9798350332568

Electrical Impedance Tomography (EIT) is a clinical imaging technique that gained a lot of attention because it is a non-invasive and radiation-free method. To obtain an inner image of the domain under study, a specific number of electrodes is attached to the surface of the object, then through a pair of electrodes, a low alternative current is injected. Potentials produced by this injection are measured with the remaining electrodes. Based on these boundary voltages measurements, the inner conductivity can be inferred, thus the image is reconstructed. The focus of this paper is to overcome the major weakness of the EIT image reconstruction technique, which is the low spatial resolution of the reconstructed images caused by the non-linearity of EIT inverse problem. This paper considers this problem, an optimization problem that is solved using the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) meta-heuristic. A variant of the standard PSO is proposed and validated, first on a circular mesh composed of 686 triangles then on a lung mesh composed of 2707 triangles. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Electrodes

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Torque Sensing with Tunable Millimeter Wave Metamaterial and a FMCW Chip 16

Torque Sensing with Tunable Millimeter Wave Metamaterial and...

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16th International Congress on Artificial Materials for Novel Wave Phenomena, Metamaterials 2022

作者： Schossmann, A. Michenthaler, C. Hammerschmidt, D. Bergmann, A. Graz University of Technology Institute of Electrical Measurement and Sensor Systems Inffeldgasse 33/I Graz8010 Austria Infineon Technologies Austria AG Siemensstraße 2 Villach9500 Austria

ISBN: (数字)9781665465847

ISBN: (纸本)9781665465847

Real-time torque sensing in power trains and robotics is still a major challenge for state of the art sensor technology. We present a new torque sensor concept based on tunable millimeter wave metamaterials. The concept is to mechanically translate torque signals into a shift of the metamaterial resonance frequency which in turn leads to a tuning of its reflection spectra. This tuning is detected using a frequency modulated continuous wave (FMCW) chip. We show the feasibility of the sensor concept by means of numerical simulations and provide the proof of concept by means of a demonstrator. It gives a measurement range from 0 N m to 7.58 N m with an accuracy ≤ 2.37 % full scale. We believe that our concept is potentially the basis for a new torque sensor technology. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： Metamaterials

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Study of Adverse Effects on Fiber Bragg Grating sensors in Lithium-Ion Pouch Cells 27

Study of Adverse Effects on Fiber Bragg Grating Sensors in L...

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27th International Conference on Optical Fiber sensors, OFS 2022

作者： Unterkofler, Johanna Glanz, Gregor Koller, Markus Klambauer, Reinhard Bergmann, Alexander Institute of Electrical Measurement and Sensor Systems Graz University of Technology Inffeldgasse 33/I Graz8010 Austria Center for Low-Emission Transport AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH Giefinggasse 2 Vienna1210 Austria

We study a fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensor array inside lithium-ion pouch cells to measure the temperature. A comparison of the sensor response before and after embedding in a cell is performed. Several adverse effec... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)9781957171142

关键词： Fiber Bragg gratings

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