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International Workshop on Robot Sensing (ROSE)

作者： Bilel Ghoul Bilel Ben Atitallah Rim Barioul Ahmed Fakhfakh Olfa Kanoun Measurement and Sensor Technology Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology Chemnitz University of Technology Chemnitz Germany Laboratory of Signals Systems Artificial Intelligence and Networks Digital Research Centre of Sfax National School of Electronics and Telecommunications of Sfax Technopole of Sfax Ons City Tunisia

ISBN: (数字)9798350362367

ISBN: (纸本)9798350362374

Electrical impedance tomography (EIT) can monitor the influence of the muscle activity on the conductivity distribution across the forearm and is therefore suitable for Hand Sign Recognition (HSR). However, the method is relatively complex, so realizing real-time classification based on EIT measurements is still considered a major challenge. In addition, the accuracy of EIT for HSR is highly dependent on the injection configuration parameters applied. In this study, we investigate the influence of the injection configuration on the achieved accuracy of the hand robot control and the feasibility of a real-time classification based on EIT measurements. To assess real-time feasibility, experimental data have been collected for a sign set of 36 American Sign Language (ASL) performed by one healthy subject. Moreover, a comparative study of the adjacent, opposite, and cross injection configurations has been conducted on 10 subjects performing the ASL set. An ambiguity study based on the measured signals was performed to assess the discrimination potential between the hand signs. The adjacent EIT configuration exhibited higher sensitivity in discriminating hand signs. For a real-time classification, we propose the use of a Support Vector Machine (SVM) model realizing an overall accuracy of 71.38%. To validate the system's real-time behavior, the classification result is visualized by a robotic hand reproducing 6 different hand signs from the 36 ASL set reaching an accuracy of 80%. The results demonstrate the potential of EIT to facilitate real-time Hand Sign Recognition for robot control applications.

关键词： Support vector machines Electrical impedance tomography Surface impedance Accuracy Robot control Muscles Robot sensing systems

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Comparative Study of Data Reduction Methods in Electrical Impedance Tomography For Hand Sign Recognition

Comparative Study of Data Reduction Methods in Electrical Im...

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International Conference on Advanced Technologies for Signal and Image Processing (ATSIP)

作者： Bilel Ghoul Bilel Ben Atitallah Salwa Sahnoun Ahmed Fakhfakh Olfa Kanoun Measurement and Sensor Technology Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology Chemnitz University of Technology Chemnitz Germany Digital Research Centre of Sfax National School of Electronics and Telecommunications of Sfax Technopole of Sfax Laboratory of Signals Systems Artificial Intelligence and Networks Ons City Tunisia

ISBN: (数字)9798350351484

ISBN: (纸本)9798350351491

Several studies have shown that electrical impedance tomography (EIT) on the human forearm can be used to classify hand signs without the need for cameras or gloves. However, the amount of measured data is in relatively high, leading to long execution times and high processing complexity. In this study, we investigate the influence of reducing the number of EIT measurements on the classification accuracy. Four different algorithms were used to halve the number of measurements, namely Principal Component Analysis (PCA), Chi-square tests, Minimum Redundancy Maximum Relevance (MRMR) and Laplacian scores. These algorithms were applied to a dataset of forearm EIT measurements corresponding to the practice of American Sign Language (ASL) in a healthy subject. The results show a slight drop in accuracy when using the quadratic support vector machine (SVM) classifier, with accuracy dropping from 95.3% to 93.4% in the best cases. A method based on a genetic algorithm (GA) was also used. This approach exploits the strengths of genetic algorithms in exploring a large solution space and converging on the near-optimal combination. This approach resulted in an increase in accuracy to 96.7%. The study demonstrated that the number of EIT measurements can be reduced without compromising overall accuracy.

关键词： Support vector machines Electrical impedance tomography Sign language Accuracy Image recognition Laplace equations Assistive technologies

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State of Charge-Dependent Changes in Spectral Composition of Guided Lamb Waves in Lithium-Ion Batteries

State of Charge-Dependent Changes in Spectral Composition of...

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IEEE Symposium (IUS) Ultrasonics

作者： Patrick Swaschnig Reinhard Klambauer Johannes Kofler Alexander Bergmann Institute of Electrical Measurement and Sensor Systems Graz University of Technology Graz Austria European R&D Center TDK Electronics GmbH & Co OG Deutschlandsberg Austria

This study investigates symmetrical Lamb wave behavior across varying state-of-charge levels in lithium-ion batteries. Utilizing piezoelectric transducers, the research focuses on inducing and detecting Lamb waves in lithium-ion batteries. The outcomes uncover correlations between Lamb wave characteristics and state-of-charge variations, revealing insights into the potential of Lamb waves as indicators of internal changes in battery structures. Furthermore, the influence of chemomechanical alterations within battery structures on Lamb wave properties is explored. The insights gained offer valuable implications for understanding battery performance dynamics and internal transformations.

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Analysis of sensor Effects for a Position measurement System in Harsh Environments

Analysis of Sensor Effects for a Position Measurement System...

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IEEE Instrumentation and measurement technology Conference

作者： G. Gruber M. Neumayer B. Schweighofer T. Leitner M. Berger G. Klö sch H. Wegleiter Christian Doppler Laboratory for Measurement Systems for Harsh Operating Conditions Institute of Electrical Measurement and Sensor Systems Graz University of Technology Graz Austria Voestalpine Stahl Donawitz GmbH Leoben Austria

Eddy current displacement sensors (ECDS) have been suggested as a suitable technique to measure small displacements. To model the interaction between a sensing coil and a metallic plate, a transformer based equivalent circuit model (ECM) is used. However, in harsh environment like continuous casting, large displacements and high temperatures need to be separately addressed in a standard ECM. In this paper we present an analysis of the sensor effects of an ECDS in harsh environments. We analyse the impact of cross sensitivities (CS), i.e. displacement and temperature variations, on the input impedance of an ECM and present a finite element model (FEM) that represents these CS. A special expression for the input impedance allows a better interpretation of the sensor behavior. The paper addressed a first approach to analyse sensor effects of ECDS based on an ECM in harsh environments.

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Lab Investigation of Thermal Anemometers for Mass Flow measurements in Harsh Operating Conditions

Lab Investigation of Thermal Anemometers for Mass Flow Measu...

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IEEE Instrumentation and measurement technology Conference

作者： G. Benincasa C. Gabauer M. Neumayer B. Schweighofer T. Leitner M. Berger G. Klö sch H. Wegleiter Christian Doppler Laboratory for Measurement Systems for Harsh Operating Conditions Institute of Electrical Measurement and Sensor Systems Graz University of Technology Graz Austria Voestalpine Stahl Donawitz GmbH Leoben Austria

Argon purging is a process in steel production where liquid metal is flushed with argon gas to remove impurities. It is an essential processing part for high quality steel production. For process control, reliable flow measurements of the amount of purging gas are required. However, due to the situation in the steelworks, the measurement of the flow must be done directly at the injection. At this position an energy autarkic measurement system is required, which puts energy constraints to the application of flow metering techniques. The harsh operating conditions at this position make this measurement even more challenging. Currently, no off-the-shelf measurement system exists. In this work, we investigate the feasibility of lower power thermal anemometry for flow metering in the present application. Different sensing elements and operational modes for thermal anemometry are studied and analysed by means of test rig measurements. Finally, an uncertainty evaluation is presented, which provides an approach for the setting of the operational conditions of such a sensor.

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Features Selection for Force Myography Based Hand Gesture Recognition

Features Selection for Force Myography Based Hand Gesture Re...

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IEEE Jordan International Joint Conference on Electrical Engineering and Information technology (JEEIT)

作者： Malak Fora Manar Jaradat Bilel Ben Atitallah Congyu Wu Olfa Kanoun Department of Systems Science and Industrial Engineering State University of New York Binghamton United States of America Professorship of Measurement and Sensor Technology Technische Universität Chemnitz Chemnitz Germany

Hand gesture recognition has a wide range of applications in robotics, game control, and in communication with the deaf and people with trouble hearing. Recognition of American sign language (ASL) hand gestures has been extensively studied in the literature. Multiple data sources and different features extracted from these data were used to classify ASL gestures. In this study, we examined the features used in previous research to determine the minimum number of features that can give an accurate classification of ASL hand gestures. Force myography (FMG) signals captured for ASL gestures of digits 0–9 were used in this analysis of the selected features. Extracted features from the raw FMG signals were applied to K-nearest neighbors (KNN) and Extreme Learning Machine (ELM) to evaluate their efficiency in identifying the corresponding hand gesture. Results show that using only the mean value as input to classification algorithms yields the highest classification accuracy. The classification accuracy was 90% and 96.9% for KNN and ELM, respectively.

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A tensor model for the calibration of air-coupled ultrasonic sensor arrays in 3D imaging

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Müller, Raphael Allevato, Gianni Rutsch, Matthias Haugwitz, Christoph Liu, Tianyi Kupnik, Mario Pesavento, Marius Communication Systems Group TU Darmstadt Darmstadt Germany Hottinger Brüel & Kjær GmbH Darmstadt Germany Robert Bosch GmbH Leonberg Germany Measurement and Sensor Technology Group TU Darmstadt Darmstadt Germany

Arrays of ultrasonic sensors are capable of 3D imaging in air and an affordable supplement to other sensing modalities, such as radar, lidar, and camera, i.e. in heterogeneous sensing systems. However, manufacturing tolerances of air-coupled ultrasonic sensors may lead to amplitude and phase deviations. Together with artifacts from imperfect knowledge of the array geometry, there are numerous factors that can impair the imaging performance of an array. We propose a reference-based calibration method to overcome possible limitations. First, we introduce a novel tensor signal model to capture the characteristics of piezoelectric ultrasonic transducers (PUTs) and the underlying multidimensional nature of a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) sensor array. Second, we formulate and solve an optimization problem based on this model to obtain the calibrated parameters of the array. Third, we assess both our model and the commonly used analytic model using real data from a 3D imaging experiment. The experiment reveals that our array response model we learned with calibration data yields an imaging performance similar to that of the analytic array model, which requires perfect array geometry information. © 2024, CC BY-NC-ND.

关键词： Tensors

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Fabrication and characterisation of La0.8Sr0.2CrO3-ITO thermocouples for high-temperature sensing

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International Journal of Nanomanufacturing 2022年第1期18卷 1-8页

作者： Chen, Bohan Huang, Manguo Zhang, Meiju Liang, Xiaobo Liu, Dan Wang, Lingyan Niu, Gang Zhang, Zhongkai Tian, Bian Shi, Peng Ren, Wei Electronic Materials Research Laboratory Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education and International Center for Dielectric Research School of Electronic and Information Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an710049 China Beijing Changcheng Aeronautic Measurement and Control Technology Research Institute Beijing101111 China Aviation Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Special Condition Monitoring Sensor Technology Beijing101111 China State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Manufacturing Systems Engineering School of Mechanical Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an710049 China

La0.8Sr0.2CrO3-ITO thermocouples were successfully fabricated by screen printing. The La0.8Sr0.2CrO3 powder used for screen printing was obtained by the sol-gel method. The highest thermal voltage output was maintained at 270 mV at 1270°C. The microstructure of La0.8Sr0.2CrO3 and ITO electrode films were analysed by SEM. Thermoelectric response test was implemented to measure the performance of La0.8Sr0.2CrO3-ITO thermocouple by three times of thermal cycles. The results indicated that La0.8Sr0.2CrO3-ITO thermocouple showed good stability at high temperature. Copyright © 2022 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd.

关键词： Screen printing

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Biomimetic Robotic Hand with Highly Sensitive Integrated Nanocomposite Force sensors for Adaptive Grasping

Biomimetic Robotic Hand with Highly Sensitive Integrated Nan...

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International Workshop on Robot Sensing (ROSE)

作者： Ahmed Attaoui Achraf Djemal Bilel Ben Atitallah Asma El Jaoui Olfa Kanoun Professorship Measurement and Sensor Technology Chemnitz University of Technology Chemnitz Germany Laboratory of Mechanics of Sousse National Engineering School of Sousse University of Sousse Sousse Tunisia Laboratory of Signals Systems Artificial Intelligence and Networks National School of Electronics and Telecommunications of Sfax Sfax Tunisia

ISBN: (数字)9798350362367

ISBN: (纸本)9798350362374

Robotic hands have immense potential for a wide range of applications, but the key challenge is still to achieve human-like dexterity. This requires overcoming several challenges, such as high system complexity, slow response time, and difficulties in integrating effective sensors. In this study, we present a novel robotic hand with 17 degrees-of-freedom equipped with nanocomposite based pressure and strain sensors. Inspired by the human hand's capabilities, the hand's design strives to mimic its dexterity and shape. The implemented nanocomposite sensors have exceptional electrical, mechanical, and electrochemical capabilities, making them ideal for integration into our robotic hand system design. The pressure sensor has a rapid response time, high pressure sensitivity of 4.4 kΩ /kPa, and remains stable over more than 5,000 cycles, demonstrating a high reliability. The strain sensor also maintains good linearity of 0.98 when subjected to strains from 0% to 24.49%. To address the challenge of balancing secure grasping and delicate touch, a finite state machine (FSM) control method is proposed enabling the hand to dynamically adjust its grasping pressure based on the real-time sensor feedback, allowing for precise manipulation of fragile objects. Experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach, paving the way for the development of intelligent robotic systems with enhanced dexterity and adaptability for real-world applications.

关键词： Automata Tactile sensors Grasping Robot sensing systems Capacitive sensors sensor systems sensors

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Low cost 3D printable metamaterial for focused orbital angular momentum generation using mm-wave radar chip technology

Low cost 3D printable metamaterial for focused orbital angul...

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International Congress on Advanced Electromagnetic Materials in Microwaves and Optics (METAMATERIALS)

作者： M. Töfferl A. Schossmann A. Bergmann P. Banzer Department of Electrical Measurement and Sensor Systems Inffeldgasse 33/I Graz University of Technology Graz Austria Christian Doppler Laboratory Structured Matter Based Sensing Department of Physics University of Graz Universitätsplatz 5 Graz Austria

ISBN: (数字)9798350373493

ISBN: (纸本)9798350373509

We present a metamaterial for orbital angular momentum generation in the millimeter wave regime that can be fabricated with low-cost fused deposition modeling (FDM) 3D printers. The metamaterial induces a spatially distributed phase shift on millimeter waves, passing through the sample, via a spatial variation of the effective permittivity. We use an analytical model to calculate the effective permittivity of the metamaterial unit cell, which consists of a square block made of a dielectric with a cylindrical air hole at its center. The analytical model is used to design a metasurface that generates a beam carrying orbital angular momentum of order $l=1$. We prove this concept in a laboratory setup using a commercially available millimeter wave chip as the source.

关键词： Orbital calculations Analytical models Solid modeling Three-dimensional displays Millimeter wave radar Metamaterials Printers Frequency division multiplexing Permittivity Standards

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