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TechRxiv 2022年

作者： Fan, Rui Alipour, Kamran Bowd, Christopher Christopher, Mark Brye, Nicole Proudfoot, James A. Goldbaum, Michael H. Belghith, Akram Girkin, Christopher A. Fazio, Massimo A. Liebmann, Jeffrey M. Weinreb, Robert N. Pazzani, Michael Kriegman, David Zangwill, Linda M. Hamilton Glaucoma Center Viterbi Family Department of Ophthalmology Shiley Eye Institute University of California La Jolla San DiegoCA United States Department of Computer Science and Engineering University of California La Jolla San DiegoCA United States Department of Control Science and Engineering Tongji University Shanghai201804 China Department of Ophthalmology School of Medicine The University of Alabama at Birmingham BirminghamAL United States Department of Biomedical Engineering School of Engineering The University of Alabama at Birmingham BirminghamAL United States Bernard and Shirlee Brown Glaucoma Research Laboratory Edward S. Harkness Eye Institute ColumbiaUniversity Medical Center New York United States

Purpose: To compare the diagnostic accuracy and explainability of a new Vision Transformer deep learning technique, Data-efficient image Transformer (DeiT), and Resnet-50, trained on fundus photographs from the Ocular Hypertension Treatment Study (OHTS) to detect primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) and to identify the salient areas of the photographs most important for each model's decision-making process. Study Design: Evaluation of a diagnostic technology Subjects, Participants, and/or controls: 66,715 photographs from 1,636 OHTS participants and an additional five external datasets of 16137 photographs of healthy and glaucoma eyes. Methods, Intervention, or Testing: DeiT models were trained to detect five ground truth OHTS POAG classifications: OHTS Endpoint Committee POAG determinations due to disc changes (Model 1), visual field changes (Model 2), or either disc or visual field changes (Model 3) and reading center determinations based on disc (Model 4) and visual fields (Model 5). The best-performing DeiT models were compared to ResNet-50 on OHTS and five external datasets. Main Outcome Measures: Diagnostic performance was compared using areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) and sensitivities at fixed specificities. The explainability of the DeiT and ResNet-50 models was compared by evaluating the attention maps derived directly from DeiT to 3 gradient-weighted class activation map generation strategies. Results: Compared to our best-performing ResNet-50 models, the DeiT models demonstrated similar performance on the OHTS test sets for all five-ground truth POAG labels;AUROC ranged from 0.82 (Model 5) to 0.91 (Model 1). However, the AUROC of DeiT was consistently higher than ResNet-50 on the five external datasets. For example, AUROC for the main OHTS endpoint (Model 3) was between 0.08 and 0.20 higher in the DeiT compared to ResNet-50 models. The saliency maps from the DeiT highlight localized areas of the neuroretinal rim, suggesting

关键词： Image classification

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The singular angle of nonlinear systems

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2021年

作者： Chen, Chao Chen, Wei Zhao, Di Khong, Sei Zhen Qiu, Li The Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Kowloon Hong Kong Hong Kong The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Shenzhen Research Institute Shenzhen518063 China The Department of Mechanics and Engineering Science Beijing Innovation Center for Engineering Science and Advanced Technology Peking University Beijing100871 China The Department of Control Science and Engineering Shanghai Institute of Intelligent Science and Technology Tongji University Shanghai200092 China

In this paper, we introduce an angle notion, called the singular angle, for stable nonlinear systems from an input-output perspective. The proposed system singular angle, based on the angle between L2-signals, describes an upper bound for the "rotating effect" from the system input to output signals. It is, thus, different from the recently appeared nonlinear system phase which adopts the complexification of real-valued signals using the Hilbert transform. It can quantify the passivity and serve as an angular counterpart to the system L2-gain. It also provides an alternative to the nonlinear system phase. A nonlinear small angle theorem, which involves a comparison of the loop system angle with π, is established for feedback stability analysis. When dealing with multi-input multi-output linear time-invariant (LTI) systems, we further come up with the frequency-wise and H∞ singular angle notions based on the matrix singular angle, and develop corresponding LTI small angle theorems. Copyright © 2021, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Nonlinear systems

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On a network SIS model with opinion dynamics 21st

On a network SIS model with opinion dynamics

引用

21st IFAC World Congress 2020

作者： Xuan, Weihao Ren, Ruijie Paré, Philip E. Ye, Mengbin Ruf, Sebastian Liu, Ji School of Mechanical Engineering University of Leeds United Kingdom Division of Decision and Control Systems KTH Royal Institute of Technology Stockholm Sweden Faculty of Science and Engineering ENTEG University of Groningen Netherlands Center for Complex Networks Research Department of Psychology Northeastern University United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Stony Brook University United States

This paper proposes a network continuous-time susceptible-infected-susceptible (SIS) model coupled with individual opinion dynamics, where the opinion dynamics models an individual's perceived severity of illness or perceived susceptibility. The effects of opinion dynamics on the network SIS model are studied by analyzing the limiting behaviors of the system model, equilibria of the system and their stability. Copyright © 2020 The Authors. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license

关键词： Dynamics

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Energy Efficient Train-Ground mmWave Mobile Relay System for High Speed Railways

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2022年

作者： Wang, Lei Ai, Bo Niu, Yong Zhong, Zhangdui Mao, Shiwen Wang, Ning Han, Zhu The State Key Laboratory of Rail Traffic Control and Safety Beijing Jiaotong University Beijing100044 China Beijing Engineering Research Center of High-speed Railway Broadband Mobile Communications Beijing Jiaotong University Beijing100044 China Peng Cheng Laboratory Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Intelligent Networking and Data Analysis Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou450001 China The National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory Southeast University Nanjing211189 China The Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Auburn University AuburnAL36949-5201 United States The School of Information Engineering Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou450001 China The Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering The University of Houston HoustonTX77004 United States The Department of Computer Science and Engineering Kyung Hee University Seoul446-701 Korea Republic of

The rapid development of high-speed railways (HSRs) puts forward high requirements on the corresponding communication system. Millimeter wave (mmWave) can be a promising solution due to its wide bandwidth, narrow beams, and rich spectrum resources. However, with the large number of antenna elements employed, energy-efficient solutions at mmWave frequencies are in great demand. Based on a mmWave HSR communication system with multiple mobile relays (MRs) on top of the train, a dynamic power-control scheme for train-ground communications is proposed. The scheme follows the regular movement characteristics of high-speed trains and considers three phases of train movement: the train enters the cell, all MRs are covered in the cell, and the train leaves the cell. The transmit power is further refined according to the number of MRs in the cell and the distance between the train and the remote radio head. By minimizing energy consumption under the constraints of the transmitted data and transmit power budget, the transmit power is allocated to multiple MRs through the multiplier punitive function-based algorithm. Comprehensive simulation results, where the velocity estimation error is taken into account, are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed scheme over several baseline schemes. Copyright © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Energy efficiency

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Multi-target High-speed Positioning System Based on Triple UWB Radio Frequency

Multi-target High-speed Positioning System Based on Triple U...

引用

International Conference on computer and Communications (ICCC)

作者： Qingqiao Li Yang Lu School of Computer Science and Information Engineering Hefei University of Technology Hefei China School of Computer Science and Information Engineering Hefei University of TechnologyEngineering Research Center of Safety Critical Industrial Measurement and Control Technology Ministry of Education Hefei China

ISBN: (数字)9781728186351

ISBN: (纸本)9781728186368

When the single radio frequency (single-RF) Ultra-Wideband (UWB) wireless positioning system composed of DW1000 faces multi-target positioning, because each tag is located in sequence, the positioning period is usually long, and it cannot well meet the needs of multi-target high-speed positioning. This paper proposes to extend three DW1000 modules on the basis of a single-RF anchor to form a triple radio frequency (triple-RF) anchor. Each DW1000 module on the triple-RF anchor can perform ranging with a single-RF mobile tag with the same channel, respectively. When the three DW1000 modules on the triple-RF anchor use different channels, they can work in parallel and locate three tags at the same time. The Time of Arrival (TOA) and Time Difference of Arrival (TDOA) positioning algorithms are respectively applied to triple-RF anchor, the experimental results show that the number of positioning in the triple-RF anchor using the TOA and TDOA algorithms in the same time reaches 2.41 and 2.66 times that of single-RF anchor respectively, which can effectively improve the positioning speed in multi-target scenarios.

关键词： Wireless communication Time division multiple access Time difference of arrival Conferences Distance measurement Faces Ultra wideband technology

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Content Distribution based on Joint V2I and V2V Scheduling in mmWave Vehicular Networks

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2022年

作者： Su, Lan Niu, Yong Han, Zhu Ai, Bo He, Ruisi Wang, Yibing Wang, Ning Su, Xiang The State Key Laboratory of Rail Traffic Control and Safety Beijing Jiaotong University Beijing100044 China The Frontiers Science Center for Smart High-Speed Railway System Beijing Jiaotong University Beijing100044 China The National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory Southeast University Nanjing211189 China The Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Houston HoustonTX77004 United States The Department of Computer Science and Engineering Kyung Hee University Seoul446-701 Korea Republic of The State Key Laboratory of Rail Traffic Control and Safety Beijing Jiaotong University Beijing100044 China The School of Information Engineering Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou450001 China The Norwegian University of Science and Technology Norway and University of Oulu Finland

With the explosive growth of vehicle applications, vehicular networks based on millimeter wave (mmWave) bands have attracted interests from both academia and industry. mmWave communications are able to utilize the huge available bandwidth to provide multiple Gbps transmission rates among vehicles. In this paper, we address the content distribution scheduling problem in mmWave vehicular networks. It has been challenging for all vehicles in the same network to complete content downloading due to the limited communication resources of roadside units (RSUs) and the high mobility of vehicles. We propose a joint vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) and vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) scheduling scheme to minimize the total number of content distribution time slots from a global optimization perspective. In the V2I phase, the RSU serially transmits integrity content to vehicles, which are selected according to the vehicular network topology and transmission scheduling scheme. In the V2V phase, full-duplex communications and concurrent transmissions are exploited to achieve content sharing between vehicles and improve transmission efficiency. Performance evaluations demonstrate that our proposed scheme reduces the number of time slots and significantly improves system throughput when compared with other schemes, especially under large-size file transfers and a large number of vehicles. Copyright © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Millimeter waves

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A Dual-Chaining Watermark Scheme for Data Integrity Protection in Internet of Things

引用

computers, Materials & Continua 2019年第3期58卷 679-695页

作者： Baowei Wang Weiwen Kong Wei Li Neal NXiong Jiangsu Engineering Centre of Network Monitoring Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center on Atmospheric Environment and Equipment TechnologySchool of Computer and SoftwareNanjing University of Information Science&TechnologyNanjing210044China Engineering Research Center of Electronic Information and Control from Fujian Provincial Education Department Fuzhou350108China Department of Mathematics and Computer Science Northeastern State UniversityOklahomaUSA.

Chaining watermark is an effective way to verify the integrity of streaming data in wireless network environment,especially in resource-constrained sensor networks,such as the perception layer of Internet of Things ***,in all existing single chaining watermark schemes,how to ensure the synchronization between the data sender and the receiver is still an unsolved *** the synchronization points are attacked by the adversary,existing data integrity authentication schemes are difficult to work properly,and the false negative rate might be up to 50 *** the additional fixed group delimiters not only increase the data size,but are also easily detected by *** this paper,we propose an effective dual-chaining watermark scheme,called DCW,for data integrity protection in smart campus IoT *** proposed DCW scheme has the following three characteristics:(1)In order to authenticate the integrity of the data,fragile watermarks are generated and embedded into the data in a chaining way using dynamic grouping;(2)Instead of additional fixed group delimiters,chained watermark delimiters are proposed to synchronize the both transmission sides in case of the synchronization points are tampered;(3)To achieve lossless integrity authentication,a reversible watermarking technique is *** experimental results and security analysis can prove that the proposed DCW scheme is able to effectively authenticate the integrity of the data with free distortion at low cost in our smart meteorological Internet of Things system.

关键词： Dual-chaining reversible watermark integrity authentication Internet of things.

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Local Partial Zero-Forcing Combining for Cell-Free Massive MIMO Systems

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2022年

作者： Zhang, Jiayi Zhang, Jing Björnson, Emil Ai, Bo The School of Electronic and Information Engineering Beijing Jiaotong University Beijing100044 China The Frontiers Science Center for Smart High-Speed Railway System Beijing Jiaotong University Beijing100044 China The Department of Electrical Engineering Linköping University Linköping Sweden The Department of Computer Science KTH Royal Institute of Technology Kista Sweden The State Key Laboratory of Rail Traffic Control and Safety Beijing Jiaotong University Beijing100044 China The Frontiers Science Center for Smart High-Speed Railway System Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Intelligent Networking and Data Analysis Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou450001 China Research Center of Networks and Communications Peng Cheng Laboratory Shenzhen China

Cell-free massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) provides more uniform spectral efficiency (SE) for users (UEs) than cellular technology. The main challenge to achieve the benefits of cell-free massive MIMO is to realize signal processing in a scalable way. In this paper, we consider scalable full-pilot zero-forcing (FZF), partial FZF (PFZF), protective weak PFZF (PWPFZF), and local regularized ZF (LRZF) combining by exploiting channel statistics. We derive closed-form expressions of the uplink SE for FZF, PFZF, and PWPFZF combining with large-scale fading decoding over independent Rayleigh fading channels, taking channel estimation errors and pilot contamination into account. Moreover, we investigate the impact of the number of pilot sequences, antennas per AP, and APs on the performance. Numerical results show that LRZF provides the highest SE. However, PWPFZF is preferable when the number of pilot sequences is large and the number of antennas per AP is small. The reason is that PWPFZF has lower computational complexity and the SE expression can be computed in closed-form. Furthermore, we investigate the performance of PWPFZF combining with fractional power control and the numerical results show that it improves the performance of weak UEs and realizes uniformly good service for all UEs in a scalable fashion. Copyright © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Power control

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Unified resilience model using deep learning for assessing power system performance

引用

Heliyon 2025年第4期11卷 e42802页

作者： Artemchuk, Volodymyr Garbuz, Iurii Jamil Alsayaydeh, Jamil Abedalrahim Shkarupylo, Vadym Oliinyk, Andrii Bin Yusof, Mohd Faizal Herawan, Safarudin Gazali Department of Mathematical and Econometric Modelling G.E. Pukhov Institute for Modelling in Energy Engineering of the NAS of Ukraine Kyiv Ukraine Department of Environmental Protection Technologies and Radiation Safety Center for Information-analytical and Technical Support of Nuclear Power Facilities Monitoring of the NAS of Ukraine Kyiv Ukraine Department of Іnformation Systems in Economics Kyiv National Economic University Named After Vadym Hetman Kyiv Ukraine Department of Computerized Control System National Aviation University Kyiv Ukraine Department of Engineering Technology Fakulti Teknologi Dan Kejuruteraan Elektronik Dan Komputer (FTKEK) Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka (UTeM) Melaka 76100 Malaysia Department of Computer Systems Networks and Cybersecurity of the National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine Kyiv Ukraine Department of Software Tools Faculty of Computer Science and Technology Zaporizhzhia Polytechnic National University Zaporizhzhia Ukraine Research Section Faculty of Resilience Rabdan Academy Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates Industrial Engineering Department Faculty of Engineering Bina Nusantara University Jakarta 11480 Indonesia

Energy resilience in renewable energy sources dissemination components such as batteries and inverters is crucial for achieving high operational fidelity. Resilience factors play a vital role in determining the performance of power systems, regardless of their operating environment and interruptions. This article introduces a Unified Resilience Model (URM) using Deep Learning (DL) to enhance power system performance. The proposed model analyzes environmental factors impacting the resilience of batteries and energy storage devices. This deep learning approach trains performance-impacting factors using previously known low resilience drain data. The learning output is utilized to augment various strengthening factors, thereby improving resilience. Drain mitigation and performance improvements are combined for direct impact verification. This process validates the model's fidelity in enhancing power system performance, with a specific focus on the impact of weather factors. © 2025 The Authors

关键词： Deep learning Energy resilience Fidelity Weather impact

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Nonreciprocal thermal radiation in ultrathin magnetized epsilon-near-zero semiconductors

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2022年

作者： Liu, Mengqi Xia, Shuang Wan, Wenjian Qin, Jun Li, Hua Zhao, Changying Bi, Lei Qiu, Cheng-Wei Institute of Engineering Thermophysics MOE Key Laboratory for Power Machinery and Engineering School of Mechanical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai200240 China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering National University of Singapore Singapore117583 Singapore National Engineering Research Center of Electromagnetic Radiation Control Materials University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu610054 China State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin-Films and Integrated Devices University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu610054 China Key Laboratory of Terahertz Solid State Technology Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai2000509 China Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering University of Chinese Academy of Science Beijing1000049 China

Spectral/angular emissivity e and absorptivity α of an object are widely believed to be identical by Kirchhoff's law of thermal radiation in reciprocal systems, but this introduces an intrinsic and inevitable energy loss for energy conversion and harvesting devices. So far, experimental evidences of breaking this well-known balance are still absent, and previous theoretical proposals are restricted to narrow single-band nonreciprocal radiation. Here we observe for the first time, to our knowledge, the violation of Kirchhoff's law using ultrathin (0.6 has been experimentally demonstrated under a moderate external magnetic field. Moreover, based on magnetized ENZ building blocks supporting asymmetrically radiative Berreman and surface ENZ modes, we show versatile shaping of nonreciprocal thermal radiation: single-band, dual-band, and broadband nonreciprocal emission spectra at different wavebands. Our findings of breaking Kirchhoff's law will advance the conventional understanding of emission and absorption processes of natural objects, and lay a solid foundation for more comprehensive studies in designing various nonreciprocal thermal emitters. The reported recipe of diversely shaping nonreciprocal emission will also breed new possibilities in renovating next-generation nonreciprocal energy devices in the areas of solar cells, thermophotovoltaic, radiative cooling, etc. Copyright © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： III-V semiconductors

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