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Research on measurement characteristics of electromagnetic flowmeter with sensor installed at rectangular cross section

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measurement: sensors 2025年

作者： Li, Xuejing Chong, Yelong Shanghai Institute of Measurement and Testing Technology Shanghai201203 China Key Laboratory of Intelligent Pressure Sensor Metrology State Administration for Market Regulation Shanghai201203 China

The commonly used electromagnetic flow meters with circular cross-section sensors play a crucial role in flow measurement and trade settlement. However, due to some on-site limitations under practical conditions, they face challenges in sensor installation, use, and other aspects. In this case, an electromagnetic flowmeter with sensors installed on a rectangular cross-section is required. The measurement characteristics of rectangular cross-section sensor electromagnetic flow meters have always been a concern for instrument researchers, but there is a lack of sufficient research data. This article uses virtual current theory to analyze the weight function of rectangular sensors and studies the influence of cross-sectional morphology on the sensitivity and pressure loss of flow meters. Finally, calibrate the electromagnetic flowmeter with a rectangular cross-section sensor using a water flow standard device. The calibration results indicate that the sensitivity of the rectangular cross-section sensor electromagnetic flowmeter decreases with increasing asymmetry, and the pressure loss increases with increasing inlet velocity and average velocity. The electromagnetic flowmeter with a rectangular cross-section sensor maintains good linearity under a uniform magnetic field and exhibits significant errors at low flow rates, but the average error is less than 0.05 %. Theoretical and experimental research data indicate that electromagnetic flow meters with rectangular cross-section sensors can be applied to flow measurement under special conditions while ensuring pressure loss. © 2025

关键词： Flow measurement

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An Integrated Fully Differential Current Amplifier With Frequency Compensation for Inductive sensor Excitation

IEEE Open Journal of Circuits and Systems

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IEEE Open Journal of Circuits and Systems 2025年

作者： Scherzer, Maximilian Auer, Mario Graz University of Technology Institute of Electrical Measurement and Sensor Systems Austria

In this article an integrated fully differential current amplifier is presented. It was designed for inductive sensor excitation, in this case for a fluxgate sensor, however the concept is applicable wherever a low noise and precise current is required. A brief review of some of the basic elements of the circuit is given, followed by the development of a model that takes into account output impedance limitations due to mismatch and stability criteria, an essential consideration in the design of a stable current amplifier for inductive loads. Based on the proposed model, the design and implementation of the current amplifier is outlined, identifying potential difficulties for on-chip integration. The final design was then fabricated using a standard 180 nm CMOS technology. measurement results show that the circuit draws only 2.8 mA from a 3.3 V supply voltage and occupies a total area of 0.64 mm2. Special efforts were made to accurately evaluate the output impedance, whereby a value of 436 kΩ was recorded. In addition, the current amplifier achieves an output-referred noise current of 2.5 nA/Hz, resulting in a measured signal-to-noise ratio of more than 105.2 dB for a bandwidth of 512 Hz at an output current of 9 mAp-p. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Differential amplifiers

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Hybrid Multi-Layer Composites for Enhanced Dynamic-Static Force Sensing

Hybrid Multi-Layer Composites for Enhanced Dynamic-Static Fo...

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IEEE SSD International Multi-Conference on Systems, Signals and Devices

作者： Mohamed Dhia Ayadi Jawhar Aloulou Mingyang Yu Olfa Kanoun Chair for Measurement and Sensor Technology Chemnitz University of Technology Chemnitz Germany

ISBN: (数字)9798331542726

ISBN: (纸本)9798331542733

This study presents the piezoelectric and piezoresistive properties of a multilayer composite system consisting of PDMS-CNT and PDMS-BTO layers designed for dynamic and static sensing applications. The carbon nanotube (CNT) piezoresistive layer enhances the electrical conductivity and mechanical response of the composite, while the barium titanate (BTO) piezoelectric layer provides high dielectric performance and efficient voltage generation. This unique combination exploits the complementary properties of each layer to achieve a synergistic effect that surpasses traditional single-material systems. The 15% BTO-0.3% CNT configuration demonstrated optimal performance, delivering a voltage output of 2.1 V, a power density of 1.41 µW/m 3 , and a noticeable change in impedance under mechanical stress. The results highlight the dual sensing capabilities of the composite, its mechanical robustness and its potential for energy harvesting, pressure sensing and structural health monitoring. This work highlights the potential of CNT-BTO composites as a platform for advancing next-generation sensing and energy systems, balancing innovation with practicality in multifunctional material design.

关键词： Power system measurements Electric potential Voltage Nonhomogeneous media sensors Dielectrics Energy harvesting Impedance Piezoresistance Stress

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Highly Efficient IPT Transmitter Circuit Based on a Novel Enhanced Class B Amplifier for Consumer Applications

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IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics 2025年

作者： Adawy, Abdallah Bouattour, Ghada Ibbini, Mohammed Kanoun, Olfa Technische Universität Chemnitz Professorship Measurement and Sensor Technology Chemnitz Germany Leuphana University of Lüneburg Measurement and Sensor Technology in Production Engineering Lüneburg Germany Jordan University of Science and Technology Irbid Jordan

Designing an efficient Inductive Power Transfer (IPT) system involves significant challenges. On the transmitter side, it is essential to provide the transmitter coil with an alternating current (AC) operating within the kHz-MHz frequency range, which is generally generated by inverters linked to an intermediate direct current (DC) bus. While methods such as Zero Voltage Switching (ZVS) and Zero Current Switching (ZCS) can effectively minimize losses, they frequently lead to increased design complexity and voltage distortion. This paper introduces a compact and highly efficient transmitter circuit, with dimensions of 40 x 60 mm, utilizing an enhanced Class B AC-AC amplifier. This amplifier incorporates an operational amplifier with adjustable gain to deliver a trapezoidal waveform to the gates of the connected MOSFETs. The specific waveform effectively reduces crossover distortion and enhances the overall efficiency of the converter. Experimental results indicate that the efficiency of the proposed circuit surpasses 98%, which is suitable for powering small to medium load levels. © 1975-2011 IEEE.

关键词： Operational amplifiers

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Combination of pipette aspiration and OCT: A novel method for frequency-dependent elasticity assessment of silicone tissue phantoms

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measurement: sensors 2025年

作者： Lamprecht, Raphael Scheible, Florian Sutor, Alexander Institute of Measurement and Sensor Technology UMIT TIROL – Private University for Health Sciences and Health Technology Hall in Tirol Austria

Measuring the frequency-dependent material properties of soft tissues is a challenging task, but it is crucial to understanding their function. This work presents a novel setup that combines optical coherence tomography and dynamic pipette aspiration to simultaneously measure the dynamic Young's modulus and high-resolution optical coherence tomography images. The procedure applies a sinusoidal pressure fluctuation to silicone tissue phantoms of varying stiffness and analyses the optical coherence tomography images to determine the resulting displacement. The Young's modulus is calculated by normalizing the pressure and displacement data to the pipette radius. This approach accurately measures Young's modulus and reveals its frequency dependence. This novel technique paves the way for future investigations into microscale tissue mechanics and a deep analysis of the tissue properties. © 2024

关键词： Phantoms

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Test bench for the investigation of road temperature measurement

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measurement: sensors 2025年

作者： Marin, Sebastian Fröhlich, Thomas Augustin, Silke Schalles, Marc Krapf, Gunter Beerel, Joseph Technische Universität Ilmenau Institute of Process Measurement and Sensor Technology IlmenauPF 100 565 Germany

The road temperature is used as an indicator for the winter maintenance service. Consequently, it should be determinated within a known measurement uncertainty. Investigations in road weather stations revealed inconsistencies in the evaluation of the road temperature according to different measurement principles. In order to systematically investigate the differences that occurred in the measured road surface temperature, a test bench that enables simulation of the road temperature and the ambient conditions was built. This test bench will be presented in this article. © 2024

关键词： Surface temperature

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measurement of optical fiber bending stiffness

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measurement: sensors 2025年

作者： Cherkasova, Valeriya Hemeling, Christoph Kissinger, Thomas Fröhlich, Thomas Institute for Process Measurement and Sensor Technology Technische Universität Ilmenau PF 10 05 65 Ilmenau98684 Germany

This paper presents traceable measurements of bending stiffness for standard optical SMF-28 fiber. Stiffness values were derived from force-displacement measurements, performed in a setup specifically designed for the stiffness calibration of MEMS and AFM cantilevers. As a test sample, fibers with free lengths of 2.8 mm, 5.0 mm, and 10.0 mm were examined. The correspondingly measured stiffness of 100.0 N/m, 14.6 N/m, and 2.4 N/m are broadly consistent with the Euler-Bernoulli beam theory. During the measurement process, deviations between load and unload cycles reaching 2 % were also observed, which can be caused by the method of fixing the optical fiber, its internal properties, stick-slip effects that occur between the sample and the load button, and internal properties of the system. This study highlights that the presented measurement approach can be used to improve the understanding of the mechanical properties of widely used optical fiber types and qualify them for use as tactile probes or for other mechanical sensing principles. © 2024

关键词： Stick-slip

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An ultrastable metrology laser for traceable length metrology in nanopositioning machines – Towards a 10−12 uncertainty level

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measurement: sensors 2025年

作者： Blumröder, Ulrike Köchert, Paul Fröhlich, Thomas Ortlepp, Ingo Kissinger, Thomas Manske, Eberhard Technische Universität Ilmenau Institute of Process Measurement and Sensor Technology Ilmenau Germany Precision Engineering Division Braunschweig Germany

In this contribution we propose the incorporation of a diode laser stabilized to an ultrastable cavity (ORS) as a metrology laser within the interferometric length measurement system of a nanopositioning and -measuring machine with a lateral measurement range of 200 mm. Based on a frequency instability analysis of the ORS against a GPS-referenced frequency comb we observed a frequency drift of 6.2 kHz(Δf/f = 1.3∙10−11) during the course of one day and peak-to-peak variations below 81 kHz (Δf/f = 1.7∙10−10) over observation times up to ten days. Within daily operation of the NPMM-200, the influence of cavity-related frequency changes practically falling below the current digital resolution limit of the interferometric measurement system (2.86∙10−11) and can therefore be neglected, if a sufficient predetermination of the absolute frequency using an optical frequency comb has been applied. To guarantee an absolute tracking of the laser frequency within a non-stop service operation of the ORS at an uncertainty level of 1∙10−12, a suitable correction for the long-term frequency changes of the cavity with the help of the frequency comb has to be established. © 2024

关键词： Frequency stability

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Phase manipulating Fresnel lenses for wide-field quantitative phase imaging

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Optics Letters 2025年第8期50卷 2683-2686页

作者： Wang, Shengjia Dong, Bo Xiong, Jianxuan Liu, Lei Shan, Mingguang Koch, Alexander W. Gao, Shuai Key Laboratory of Photonic Materials and Device Physics for Oceanic Applications Ministry of Industry and Information Technology Harbin Engineering University Harbin150001 China Department of Physics Politecnico di Milano Piazza Leonardo Da Vinci 32 Milano20133 Italy College of Information and Communication Engineering Harbin Engineering University Harbin150001 China Institute for Measurement Systems and Sensor Technology Technical University of Munich Arcisstr. 21 Munich80333 Germany

For well-magnified imaging systems that satisfy the Nyquist criterion, camera pixels resolve the fine details provided by the objective lens. However, the mismatch in a space-bandwidth product (SBP) between the objective lenses and digital cameras leads to major sacrifices in the optical field of view (FOV). This Letter presents a framework of phase manipulating Fresnel lenses (PMFL) to bridge this SBP gap in quantitative phase imaging (QPI) modality. This framework breaks through the conventional design paradigm of interferometric QPI, converting it from the combination of individual optical elements to a direct phase transform of the optical field. The wide-field QPI is implemented by a single dynamic PMFL mask, which conducts differential interference and scans the opticalFOVacross the camera sensor. We built a microscopic platform equipped with the PMFL module to image both natural and artificial samples and expanded the FOV for a given camera by factors of 3×3, 2×2, and 4×1, respectively. © 2025 Optica Publishing Group.

关键词： Digital cameras

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Data-driven insight into propagation and bend losses in silicon nitride waveguides using classification and regression trees and design of experiments

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Optical Materials Express 2025年第6期15卷 1278-1293页

作者： Jakob Wilhelm Hinum-Wagner Peter Scheibelhofer Samuel Marko Hörmann Christoph Schmidt Golf Feigl Jochen Kraft Alexer Bergmann Institute of Electrical Measurement and Sensor Systems Graz University of Technology Inffeldgasse 33 8010 Graz Austria ams OSRAM Group Tobelbaderstraße 30 8141 Premstaetten Austria

Photonic integrated circuits play a pivotal role in high-speed telecommunications and sensing, yet minimizing optical losses in scalable fabrication remains a persistent challenge. This study focuses on silicon nitride waveguides and applies a full-factorial design of experiments combined with regression trees to identify the layer-specific origins of propagation and bend excess losses. Regression tree modeling revealed that waveguide width is the dominant predictor of propagation loss, followed by material composition—particularly the upper cladding at lower widths and the waveguide core material at higher widths—highlighting the confinement-dependent interplay of scattering and absorption. Bend excess loss analysis indicated a shift in dominant predictors from bend radius and width to waveguide material at smaller radii. Although these dependencies have been previously established through physical modeling and experimental studies, most prior work covers smaller datasets or relies on idealized fabrication assumptions. The results of this work establish a statistically grounded and interpretable framework for waveguide loss analysis and underscore classification and regression trees’ utility in photonic process optimization. Our approach complements existing physical frameworks by providing a statistically grounded, data-driven method to optimize SiN photonic platforms, offering predictive insight into complex layer—geometry interactions and fabrication-induced variations that are difficult to model physically. By enabling predictive insight into layer—geometry interactions, this approach paves the way for more robust photonic integrated-circuit design in sensing and next-generation optical *** by Optica Publishing Group under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License . Further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the published article's title, journal citation, and DOI.

关键词： Bend loss Integrated photonics Optical signals Optical systems Silicon nitride Waveguide cores

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