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IEEE SSD International Multi-Conference on Systems, Signals and Devices

作者： Youssef Alwaz Oumaima Bader Najoua Essoukri Ben Amara Olfa Kanoun National Engineering School of Sousse University of Sousse Sousse Tunisia Ecole Nationale d’Ingénieurs de Sousse LATIS- Laboratory of Advanced Technology and Intelligent Systems Université de Sousse Sousse Tunisie Professorship Measurement and Sensor Technology Technische Universität Chemnitz Chemnitz Germany

Electrical Impedance Tomography (EIT) for lung monitoring reflects the internal conductivity distribution of human tissues based on the boundary voltages that are measured through given electrodes. The electrodes are placed around the human chest. A low-amplitude current is injected through driving electrodes, and the boundary voltages are measured through other electrodes. In this context, this work has elaborated a strategy for the design of a 3D geometry of the human thorax based on sequential Computed Tomography (CT) scans. This geometry will be used for the simulation and analysis of the EIT measurement. Image segmentation has been used to extract the contour within different layers of the CT scans to form the final 3D geometry of the chest containing the lungs and the thorax. The generated geometry was later meshed and repaired. Mesh properties were controlled through the Skewness quality metric. A multi-layered design has been elaborated to mimic different human chest layers such as body fluid, muscle, and skin resulting in three models. These models had given the accuracy of 62%, 63%, and 65% of skewed elements relative to the existing volume. Later on, the electrodes were placed on the thorax geometry for EIT forward simulation, and the effect of the multi-layered model has been investigated.

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Gas-Based Sono-Photonics Demonstrated via 20 GW-Scale Laser Pulse Deflection

Gas-Based Sono-Photonics Demonstrated via 20 GW-Scale Laser ...

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2024 High Intensity Lasers and High Field Phenomena, HILAS 2024 - Part of Optica High-Brightness Sources and Light-Driven Interactions Congress

作者： Schrödel, Yannick Stawska, Hanna Dörsam, Jan Helge Hartmann, Claas Zheng, Jiaan Lang, Tino Steudel, Max Rutsch, Matthias Salman, Sarper H. Schuster, Regina Ilhan, Murat-Jakub Kellert, Martin Pergament, Mikhail Hahn-Jose, Thomas Suppelt, Sven Leemans, Wim P. Kärtner, Franz X. Hartl, Ingmar Harth, Anne Kupnik, Mario Heyl, Christoph M. Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY Hamburg Germany Helmholtz Institute Jena Jena Germany GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH Darmstadt Germany Measurement and Sensor Technology Group Technische Universität Darmstadt Darmstadt Germany Center of Optical Technologies Aalen University Aalen Germany Center for Free-Electron Laser Science CFEL Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY Hamburg Germany inoson GmbH St. Ingbert Germany Department of Physics University of Hamburg Hamburg Germany The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging Hamburg Germany

We employ intense ultrasound fields inambient air, enabling light control in extreme parameter ranges. We acousto-optically modulate 1030 nm ultrashort pulses with 20 GW peak power efficiently (> 50 %), paving the ... 详细信息

关键词： Ultrashort pulses

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Achievable physical-layer secrecy in multi-mode fiber channels using artificial noise

arXiv

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Jorswieck, Eduard Lonnstrom, Andrew Besser, Karl-Ludwig Rothe, Stefan Czarske, Juergen W. Institute for Communications Technology TU Braunschweig Germany Measurement and Sensor System Techniques TU Dresden Germany

Reliable and secure communication is an important aspect of modern fiber optic communication. In this work we consider a multi-mode fiber (MMF) channel wiretapped by an eavesdropper. We assume the transmitter knows the legitimate channel, but statistical knowledge of the eavesdropper's channel only. We propose a transmission scheme with artificial noise (AN) for such a channel. In particular, we formulate the corresponding optimization problem which aims to maximize the average secrecy rate and develop an algorithm to solve it. We apply this algorithm to actual measured MMF channels. As real fiber measurements show, for a 55 mode MMF we can achieve positive average secrecy rates with the proper use of AN. Furthermore, the gain compared to standard precoding and power allocation schemes is illustrated. Copyright © 2021, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Fibers

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Evaluation of Adjacent and Opposite Current Injection Patterns for 3D Image Reconstruction of the Human Lung Based on a Realistic Model

Evaluation of Adjacent and Opposite Current Injection Patter...

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Impedance Spectroscopy (IWIS), International Workshop on

作者： Mejda Bouchhima Oumaima Bader Mariem Hafsa Salwa Sahnoun Najoua Essoukri Ben Amara Olfa Kanoun National School of Electronics and Telecommunications of Sfax University of Sfax Sfax Tunisia Professorship Measurement and Sensor Technology Chemnitz University of Technology Chemnitz Germany Université de Sousse Ecole Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Sousse LATIS - Laboratory of Advanced Technology and Intelligent Systems Sousse Tunisie Laboratory of Signals Systems Artificial Intelligence and Networks Digital Research Center of Sfax Sfax Tunisia

ISBN: (数字)9798331507626

ISBN: (纸本)9798331507633

Electrical Impedance Tomography (EIT) is a non-invasive, radiation-free imaging technique that can be used for 2D lung imaging. However, 2D EIT has a simplified geometric assumption, which neglects the 3D dynamic lung changes. This study develops a realistic 3D geometrical model including the lungs and thoracic cavity For EIT analysis. Finite Element (FE) models are generated for forward calculation and image reconstruction using an optimized Gauss-Newton (GN) algorithm. Two common current injection patterns - Adjacent and Opposite - are compared. Results show that using the lung-refined model with prior knowledge of the lungs' elements, GN converges with a Pearson correlation (r) of 0.9707 for the opposite pattern, higher than the adjacent pattern which reaches 0.9703. The second metric is the mean squared errors (MSE) between boundary voltages (BV) from reconstructed images and ground truth. It reaches $5.3965 \cdot 10^{-4},5.3963\cdot 10^{-4}$ , and $1.027{6}\cdot 10^{-12}$ for the Opposite pattern, respectively, for an empty cavity, lung-refined mesh without, and with prior knowledge of the lungs' elements. The results prove the efficiency of the Opposite injection pattern compared to the Adjacent pattern. These findings highlight the importance of injection patterns and the benefits of using a lung-refined mesh with prior knowledge of the lungs' elements for more accurate reconstructions.

关键词： Electrical impedance tomography Solid modeling Spectroscopy Three-dimensional displays Accuracy Correlation Lungs Imaging Finite element analysis Image reconstruction

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Comprehensive angular scattering distribution analysis for resource-efficient manufacturing 56

Comprehensive angular scattering distribution analysis for r...

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56th CIRP International Conference on Manufacturing Systems, CIRP CMS 2023

作者： Eifler, Matthias Brodmann, Boris Linke, Barbara Müller, Alexander Seewig, Jörg IU International University Juri-Gagarin-Ring 152 Erfurt99084 Germany Institute for Measurement and Sensor-Technology Rheinland-Pfälzische Technische Universität Kaiserslautern-Landau Gottlieb-Daimler Straße 44 Kaiserslautern67663 Germany Optosurf GmbH Nobelstraße 9-13 EttlingenD-76275 Germany Manufacturing and Sustainable Technologies Research Laboratory University of California Davis 1 Shields Ave DavisCA95616 United States

Most measuring principles for surface topography measurement cannot be broadly used within machine tools due to the rough environment featuring vibrations, dust, cooling liquid, or temperature gradients. Having to measure outside of the machine tool results in large quality control loops. The angular-resolved scattering light sensor is an established measuring principle which can be used directly in the manufacturing environment and thus allows small quality control loops and a resource-efficient manufacturing since deviations in the manufacturing process can be detected almost immediately. For the evaluation of the surface characteristics, the angular distribution of the surface within a lightspot is typically characterized by its center of gravity (M-parameter) and its variance (Aq-parameter) as described in the guideline VDA 2009. These two parameters provide only little information about the angular distribution and the workpiece quality and for certain, function-oriented applications and expanded data analysis can be beneficial to allow the monitoring in more manufacturing systems with high benefitss for resource-efficient manufacturing. We suggest using additional parameters of the angular distribution and perform a correlation analysis with the machining parameters of an exemplified manufacturing process to find parameters that feature a more pronounced correlation with the process parameters than Aq and thus allow an improved monitoring of the manufacturing process in this paper. The example process chosen is a grinding process with different tool grit sizes, tool surface speeds, feed rates, and coolant air flow power. With this case study it can be demonstrated how a more comprehensive analysis of the scattering of surface angles can lead to an improved process monitoring since the correlation between the process parameters and the parameters of the angular distribution shows how sensitively different deviations in the process can be detected, e.g. when the

关键词： correlation analysis inline metrology roughness scattering light

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A Lab-on-Paper Biosensor Using a Two-Step Enzymatic Amplification Strategy for Ultrasensitive Detection of Active Bont/A in Complex Matrices

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Hu, Jingfang Xu, Hua Wu, Jianfeng Shen, Yu Mulchandani, Ashok Gao, Guowei Xie, Jianwei Beijing Key Laboratory of Sensor Beijing Information Science and Technology University Beijing100101 China Laboratory of Toxicant Analysis Academy of Military Medical Sciences Beijing100850 China Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering University of California RiversideCA92521 United States Key Laboratory of Modern Measurement and Control Technology Ministry of Education Beijing Information Science and Technology University Beijing100192 China

Botulinum neurotoxin A (BoNT/A), a lethal bacterial enzyme, is the most toxic biotoxin known to humans. Rapid and effective detection of active BoNT/A is highly significant for food safety and medical diagnosis. Herein, a new low-cost, rapid, portable and easy-to-use paper device was proposed and developed to ultrasensitively determine active BoNT/A. Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs)/graphdiyne (GDY) composite materials with high conductivity and good biocompatibility were synthesized on paper-based electrode to improve electrical conductivity and provide a specific recognition interface for SNAP-25 peptide immobilization. A two-step enzymatic amplification strategy was introduced into the sensing interface, which involved the first enzymatic reaction of target-triggered enzymatic cleavage of SNAP-25 peptide and the second enzymatic reaction of alkaline phosphatase (ALP)-induced enzymatic catalysis of silver deposition on AuNPs/GDY, followed by the recognition of BoNT/A via electrochemical stripping analysis of the deposited silver, resulting in an enhanced response and magnified more than 8-fold sensitivity of the biosensor. In addition, a rotary working electrode was designed and integrated into the paper device to avoid cross-contamination on auxiliary electrodes. The proposed lab-on-paper biosensor offers a quantitative detection of active BoNT/A with a linear range of 5～100 pg/mL and a limit of detection (LOD) of 1 pg/mL (S/N=3). As a demonstration, the biosensor was successfully applied to detect the active BoNT/A in various complex matrices, including bottled water, milk, and human serum, without any sample preconcentration or purification, showing great potential for the early diagnosis of active BoNT/A in low-cost, sensitive and reliable point-of-care (POC) devices. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Gold nanoparticles

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Design and Evaluation of a Low Energy Bluetooth sensor Node for Animal Monitoring

Design and Evaluation of a Low Energy Bluetooth Sensor Node ...

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IEEE SSD International Multi-Conference on Systems, Signals and Devices

作者： Kunal Shyamadas Burman Sven Schmidt Dhouha El Houssaini Olfa Kanoun BITSz Electronics Gmbh Zwickau Germany Technische Universitat Chemnitz Measurement and Sensor Technology Chemnitz Germany

New trends and advancements in communication and sensing technologies in Precision Farming (PF) offer opportunities to farmers for a continuous and real-time monitoring applications, which are mainly based on the use of Wireless sensor Networks (WSNs). Animal monitoring and supervision is one critical aspect in PF, where various types of sensing and control systems are employed. However, available solutions for animal monitoring portrait a compromise between performance and system efficiency in terms of energy consumption, memory allocation, hardware size, and cost. In this work, an energy-efficient, lightweight, and cost effective wireless sensor node for animal monitoring is designed. The designed system is compact and small in size with a dimension of 26×33 mm. During its active state, the current consumption of the designed sensor node using ADXL is in the range from 3 to 9 mA at a sampling frequency of 12 Hz.

关键词： Wireless communication Wireless sensor networks Bluetooth Animals Microcontrollers Turning Real-time systems

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Optimizing Frequency Selection for Cole-Cole Model Parameter Extraction in Bioimpedance Spectroscopy Using CPE

Optimizing Frequency Selection for Cole-Cole Model Parameter...

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Impedance Spectroscopy (IWIS), International Workshop on

作者： Cherif Ouni Nour Ammar Ahmed Yahia Kallel John Horstmann Nabil Derbel Ahmed Fakhfakh Olfa Kanoun Measurement and Sensor Technology Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology Chemnitz University of Technology Chemnitz Germany Laboratory of Signals Systems Artificial Intelligence and Networks Digital Research Centre of Sfax National School of Electronics and Telecommunications of Sfax Sfax Tunisia Control and Energy Management Laboratory National Engineering School of Sfax University of Sfax Sfax Tunisia Chemnitz University of Technology Chemnitz Germany Electronic Devices of Micro and Nano Technique Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology Chemnitz University of Technology Chemnitz Germany

ISBN: (数字)9798331507626

ISBN: (纸本)9798331507633

Wearable bioimpedance spectroscopy (BIS) devices are becoming increasingly popular due to their portability and low power consumption. However, improving power efficiency remains a significant challenge. One proposed solution is to reduce the number of excitation frequencies in the stimulation signal. This study investigates how reducing the number of used frequencies affects bioimpedance spectroscopy performance through simulations using synthetic data derived from a Cole-Cole model incorporating a Constant Phase Element (CPE). Simulations were conducted at various noise levels to evaluate how noise impacts the relationship between frequency and impedance. The results indicate a correlation between the number of frequencies used in BIS and the accuracy of CPE parameter extraction. This is particularly evident for $\alpha$ parameters of 0.8 and higher. Conversely, lowering the $\alpha$ value increases errors, even when a higher number of frequencies is used.

关键词： Spectroscopy Accuracy Biological system modeling Noise Bioimpedance Frequency estimation Data models Impedance Parameter extraction Synthetic data

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Hand Gesture Recognition Based on Force Myography measurements using KNN Classifier

Hand Gesture Recognition Based on Force Myography Measuremen...

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IEEE SSD International Multi-Conference on Systems, Signals and Devices

作者： Malak Fora Bilel Ben Atitallah Khaldon Lweesy Olfa Kanoun Jordan University of Science and Technology Irbid Jordan Professorship of Measurement and Sensor Technology Technische Universität Chemnitz Chemnitz Germany

Hand gesture recognition presents one of the most important aspects for human machine interface (HMI) development, and it has a wide spectrum of applications including sign language recognition for deaf and dumb people. Herein, force myography signals (FMG) are extracted using eight nanocomposite CNT/PDMS pressure sensors simultaneously. Data are collected from eight healthy volunteers for American sign language digits 0-9. Two sets of features are extracted, the first one is composed of mean, standard deviation and rms values for the raw FMG data for all 8 sensors individually. The second set is composed of the 2-norm of the raw FMG signal and three proportional features, where the FMG signals are studied with respect to the reference rest signal. Classification is performed using each of the seven individual features as well as the combination of features in each set. The combination of features in the second set gives better testing accuracy of 95%, 91.9% for k=2, k=3 using KNN classifier, respectively.

关键词： Pressure sensors Performance evaluation Assistive technology Force Gesture recognition sensor phenomena and characterization Feature extraction

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Simulation-based Parameter Estimation using a viscoelastic Material Model on artificial Vocal Folds to validate Ultrasound Elastography 181

Simulation-based Parameter Estimation using a viscoelastic M...

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181st Meeting of the Acoustical Society of America, ASA 2021

作者： Lamprecht, Raphael Scheible, Florian Semmler, Marion Sutor, Alexander Institute of Measurement and Sensor Technology UMIT - Private University for Health Sciences Medical Informatics and Technology Hall in Tirol Tirol6060 Austria Division of Phoniatrics and Pediatric Audiology Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head- and Neck Surgery FAU: Friedrich-Alexander-Universitat Erlangen-Nurnberg Bavaria Erlangen Germany

The material properties of the vocal folds play an important role in phonation, but are also of interest for basic research. In the diagnosis of e.g. vocal fold palsy ultrasound is still an emerging technology. Ultrasound elastography, a technique measuring the tissue stiffness, is widely employed in the diagnosis of e.g. liver fibrosis and thyroid nodules. Using a quasi-static approach, this technique can also be applied to the vocal folds, improving the understanding of their biomechanical properties and, in the future, the diagnosis of pathological changes in the vocal folds. We use a gelatin phantom of the vocal folds, modeled after the well-known M5 model of the true vocal folds and augmented with additional material that mimics the surrounding tissue. The phantom is compressed with an ultrasound transducer in the inferior direction, with the image plane in the frontal plane. Ultrasound images of the compression process and the acting force are recorded. Based on this information, a developed elastography algorithm evaluates the data. The results of the experimental setup are compared with simulation results generated using FEBio, a software specialized in tissue simulation. © 2022 Acoustical Society of America.

关键词： Phantoms

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