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Therapeutic limb hypothermia for the treatment of traumatic acute limb ischemia

Journal of Medical engineering and Technology 2024年第2期48卷 39-47页

作者： Kao, Emily Germany, Jason O. Shasheendra, Abhijith Mhetre, Ketan Wang, Xu Ringgold, Kristyn Patel, Sahil Emery, Ashley Bulger, Eileen M. White, Nathan Aarabi, Shahram Department of Surgery Highland Hospital University of California San Francisco-East Bay OaklandCA United States Industrial Design Program School of Art + Art History + Design University of Washington SeattleWA United States Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Washington SeattleWA United States Department of Emergency Medicine University of Washington SeattleWA United States Department of Surgery University of Washington SeattleWA United States

Acute limb ischaemia (ALI) is an emergent clinical condition that strains pre-hospital resources and impacts healthcare costs and patient quality of life. Hypothermia has long been used in clinical and research settings to mitigate ischaemic damage in tissues, but prompt reperfusion is needed to prevent loss of limb or function from ALI. To address the unmet need for pre-hospital intervention of threatened limbs awaiting definitive specialty care, we have focused on controlled application of hypothermia. Over years of animal experiments, phantom limb creation, and materials selection, we conceptualised and created a portable limb-cooling device that can be used alone or combined with a traditional tourniquet or resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta. Here, we describe our process of building and testing the device, from computer simulation through animal-limb metabolic studies, to prototype testing. © 2024 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.

关键词： Hospitals

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Development of High-Speed Laser Absorption Scattering (HS-LAS) System for Measuring Vapor and Liquid Phase Concentration Distributions in Evaporating Diesel Spray 10

Development of High-Speed Laser Absorption Scattering (HS-LA...

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10th International Conference on Modeling and Diagnostics for Advanced Engine Systems, COMODIA 2022

作者： Ray, Samir Chandra Naito, Shinichiro Safiullah Andersson, Mats Nishida, Keiya Ogata, Yoichi Sasaki, Hiroyasu Department of Mechanical Systems Engineering Graduate School of Engineering University of Hiroshima Japan Department of Mathematics Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science & Technology University Gopalganj Bangladesh Mechanical Engineering Program Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering University of Hiroshima Japan Department of Mechanics and Maritime Sciences Chalmers University of Technology Goteborg Sweden Nac Image Technology Inc. Japan

The fundamental concept of the LAS technique is to understand the fuel concentration by attenuation of both visible and ultraviolet light. The intensity of visible light is only attenuated by the scattering of droplets, while that of ultraviolet light is attenuated by the scattering of droplets and the absorption of vapors. The conventional LAS uses the ND: YAG pulse laser, CCD cameras and one shot for one spray, which takes time and effort. Moreover, temporal variation measurement of a single shot spray is not possible by the conventional LAS. To record the distribution of the whole vapor phase in an injection event and measure the liquid and vapor concentration inside the spray, a high-speed laser absorption scattering (HS-LAS) technique was developed applying continuous diode light source, high-speed video cameras, and image intensifier for UV light, which can provide the temporal variation of a single shot spray. In the experiment, a commercial seven-hole injector with a hole diameter of 0.123 mm allowing high injection pressure up to 100 MPa was used to avoid the potential inconsistencies with single-hole test injector. The diesel surrogate fuel which consists of 97.5 % n-tridecane and 2.5 % of volume-based 1-methylnaphthalene was used. The injection amount 5.0 mg/hole were selected to investigate the structure and mixture formation process of the spray. The findings of the experiments show that this imaging approach is a promising diagnostic technique for concurrently obtaining quantitative information on the quantity of vapor and droplets in a fuel spray. Furthermore, the turbulent/vortex fluid dynamics' temporal development/variation can be investigated. © 2022 by the Japan Society of mechanical Engineers All rights reserved.

关键词： Diesel engines

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Design and Implementation of Neuro-Fuzzy Control Approach for Robot's Trajectory Tracking 7

Design and Implementation of Neuro-Fuzzy Control Approach fo...

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7th International Conference on Electronics, Communication and Aerospace Technology, ICECA 2023

作者： Kiruba Sandou, D. Sunad Kumara, A.N. Choudhary, Binod Kumar Gurpur, Shashikala Sarishma Natrayan, L. Sivaramkumar, M. Manakula Vinayagar Institute of Technology Department of Robotics and Automation Pondicherry605107 India BGS Institute of Technology Department of Computer Science and Engineering Adichunchanagiri University Karnataka Mandya571448 India ARKA Jain University Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Jharkhand Jamshedpur832108 India Maharashtra Pune411014 India Graphic Era Deemed to Be University Department of Management Studies Uttarakhand Dehradun India Saveetha School of Engineering SIMATS Department of Mechanical Engineering Tamilnadu Chennai602105 India Karpagam Academy of Higher Education Department of EEE Tamiinadu Coimbatore India

ISBN: (纸本)9798350340600

Achieving precise trajectory tracking while minimizing errors, reducing settling time, and curbing overshoot presents a significant challenge in the domain of robot-manipulator control. In response, this paper proposes a novel controller design for robot manipulators, incorporating two distinct approaches: a conventional fuzzy controller and an advanced Neuro-Fuzzy controller. These controllers are tailored to elevate trajectory tracking performance by simultaneously optimizing time characteristics in robot manipulator responses. To assess their efficacy, a range of test scenarios is devised, encompassing different trajectory types, including linear and nonlinear paths. Upon comparative analysis, the results highlight an intriguing contrast: while the fuzzy controller exhibits higher maximum overshoot and longer settling times in the robot's response, the Neuro-Fuzzy controller consistently demonstrates superior performance. The comprehensive error analysis such as Integral Square Error (ISE) and Integral Absolute Error (IAE) further underscores the capability of the Neuro-Fuzzy-based robot manipulator in delivering trajectory tracking precision. This study contributes to the advancement of trajectory control techniques for robot manipulators, paving the way for enhanced automation and performance across various applications. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Controllers

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A Comprehensive Measurement of Bubbly Flow in a 30 mm × 10 mm Rectangular Channel 20

A Comprehensive Measurement of Bubbly Flow in a 30 mm × 10 ...

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20th International Topical Meeting on Nuclear Reactor Thermal Hydraulics, NURETH 2023

作者： Wang, Dewei Fu, Yucheng Sun, Hanxing Liu, Yang Liu, Qingqing Liu, Yang Sun, Xiaodong Worosz, Ted Buchanan, John Nuclear Engineering Program Department of Mechanical Engineering Virginia Tech 635 Price Fork Road BlacksburgVA24061 United States Department of Nuclear Engineering and Radiological Sciences University of Michigan 2355 Bonisteel Blvd Ann ArborMI48109 United States Naval Nuclear Laboratory PO Box 79 West MifflinPA15122 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9780894487934

One major obstacle hindering the advancement of modeling and simulation capabilities of two-phase flows is the lack of high-quality, high-resolution experimental data for model development and model/code validation. To close this gap, this study aims to obtain a high-fidelity local two-phase flow dataset in a vertical 30 mm × 10 mm rectangular channel. A system combining the double-sensor conductivity probe and high-speed imaging technique is utilized to obtain the gas-phase data. The double-sensor conductivity probe measures the local time-averaged two-phase flow parameters over the cross-section, while a multi-camera imaging system captures the bubble shape, orientation, and size information. This information is then used as the input to a Monte Carlo reconstruction program to evaluate and eliminate the known systematic uncertainties in the probe measurement. The Particle Image Velocimetry and Planar Laser-Induced Fluorescence (PIV-PLIF) technique is employed as the main tool for the liquid-phase measurement. The acquired dataset covers three bubbly flow conditions measured at three axial locations to capture the flow development. The superficial gas and liquid velocities range from 0.03 to 0.25 m/s and from 0.8 to 3 m/s, respectively. The measured local data include the time-averaged void fraction, bubble velocity, interfacial area concentration, bubble frequency, liquid velocity, and turbulence quantities. The data show that the void fraction distributions for each run can exhibit quite different profiles which also evolve along the test section. However, both the gas-phase and liquid-phase velocity data show quite uniform distributions across much of the cross-sectional plane and show little dependence on the void fraction distribution for the two-phase flows studied in this paper. © 2023 Proceedings of the 20th International Topical Meeting on Nuclear Reactor Thermal Hydraulics, NURETH 2023. All rights reserved.

关键词： Two phase flow

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Quantitative Analysis of Ankle Spasticity Through Electromyography Signal

Quantitative Analysis of Ankle Spasticity Through Electromyo...

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Medical Technologies National Conference (TIPTEKNO)

作者： Ayse Gurluk Hafiz Muhammad Bilal Elif Hocaoglu Living Robotics Laboratory Graduate School of Health Sciences Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation Program Istanbul Medipol University Istanbul Türkiye Living Robotics Laboratory Graduate School of Engineering and Natural Sciences Electrical-Electronics Engineering and Cyber-Systems Program Istanbul Medipol University Istanbul Türkiye Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Living Robotics Laboratory Istanbul Medipol University Istanbul Türkiye

ISBN: (数字)9798331529819

ISBN: (纸本)9798331529826

This study presents a more accurate evaluation method for assessing ankle spasticity compared to conventional goniometric techniques by utilizing measurements obtained from Inertial Measurement Units (IMU) and surface electromyography (sEMG) devices. Integrating IMU and EMG sensors provides substantial benefits for accurately determining the range of motion (ROM) associated with spasticity during targeted movements. In this study, the proposed method provides precise measurement and an objective evaluation of onset time detection of antagonistic muscle co-contraction, and accordingly the ROM of the actuated joint. Moreover, the implementation of cost-effective wearable sensors enables the monitoring of muscle spasticity in clinical environments and can be particularly valuable in regions with limited access to experienced therapists, providing a more efficient approach to tracking spasticity levels.

关键词： Ankle Measurement units Inertial navigation Muscles Electromyography Sensors Reliability Motion control Read only memory Monitoring

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Customizing Textile and Tactile Skins for Interactive Industrial Robots

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ASME Letters in Dynamic Systems and Control 2023年第3期3卷 031007页

作者： Su, Bo Ying Wei, Zhongqi McCann, James Yuan, Wenzhen Liu, Changliu Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh PA 15213 Department of Mechanical Engineering Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh PA 15213 Robotics Institute Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh PA 15213

Tactile skins made from textiles enhance the robot–human interaction by localizing contact points and measuring contact forces. This paper presents a solution for rapidly fabricating, calibrating, and deploying these skins on industrial robot arms. The novel automated skin calibration procedure maps skin locations to robot geometry and calibrates contact force. Through experiments on a FANUC LR Mate 200id/7L industrial robot, we demonstrate that tactile skins made from textiles can be effectively used for human–robot interaction in industrial environments, and can provide unique opportunities in robot control and learning, making them a promising technology for enhancing robot perception and interaction.

关键词： Robots sensors and sensor networks Calibration textile and tactile skin Textiles Skin interactive industrial robots skin calibration human-in-the-loop control robotics

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Specular Inverse Faraday Effect in Transition Metals

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Ortiz, Victor H. Mishra, Shashi B. Vuong, Luat Coh, Sinisa Wilson, Richard B. Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science and Engineering Program University of California RiversideCA92521 United States

The inverse Faraday effect is an opto-magnetic phenomenon that describes the ability of circularly polarized light to induce magnetism in solids. The capability of light to control magnetic order in solid state materials and devices is of interest for a variety of applications, such as magnetic recording, quantum computation and spintronic technologies. However, significant gaps in understanding about the effect persist, such as what material properties govern the magnitude of the effect in metals. In this work, we report time-resolved measurements of the specular inverse Faraday effect in non-magnetic metals, i.e., the magneto-optic Kerr effect induced by circularly polarized light. We measure this specular inverse Faraday effect in Cu, Pd, Pt, W, Ta, and Au at a laser wavelength of 783 nm. For Ta and W, we investigate both α and β phases. We observe that excitation of these metals with circularly polarized light induces significant circular dichroism. This nonlinear magneto-optical response to circularly polarized light is an order of magnitude larger in α-W than other metals, e.g., Pt, Au, and is greater than nearly all other reported values for the inverse Faraday effect in other materials. Our results benchmark the range of the inverse Faraday effect that can be observed in non-magnetic metals and provide insight into what material properties govern the inverse Faraday effect in metals. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Light polarization

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Corrections to “Design, Modeling, and Control of a Coaxially Aligned Steerable (COAST) Guidewire Robot” [Jul 20 4947-4954]

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IEEE robotics and Automation Letters 2023年第11期8卷 7823-7824页

作者： Seokhwan Jeong Yash Chitalia Jaydev P. Desai Medical Robotics and Automation (RoboMed) Laboratory Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta GA USA Department of Mechanical Engineering Sogang University Seoul South Korea Healthcare Robotics and Telesurgery (HeaRT) Laboratory Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Louisville Louisville KY USA RoboMed Laboratory Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta GA USA

Presents corrections to the article “Design, Modeling, and Control of a Coaxially Aligned Steerable (COAST) Guidewire Robot”.

关键词： Medical robotics Catheters Position control Blood vessels Wires

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Improved Image Stitching Method for Neutron Imaging of Large Objects with Small Beam Size 25

Improved Image Stitching Method for Neutron Imaging of Large...

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Hard X-Ray, Gamma-Ray, and Neutron Detector Physics XXV 2023

作者： Bisbee, Matthew Oksuz, Ibrahim Hetrick, Quinnan Cherepy, Nerine Townsend, Andy Cao, Lei R. Nuclear Engineering Program Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering The Ohio State University ColumbusOH United States AwareAbility Technologies LLC ColumbusOH United States Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory LivermoreCA United States Nuclear Reactor Laboratory College of Engineering The Ohio State University ColumbusOH United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781510666061

Imaging stitching is a solution for radiography and computed tomography (CT) applications where the object is larger than the beam size. Imaging stitching algorithms require a robust noise filter that maintains the landmark features used in stitching. In lens-coupled neutron radiography and CT, a camera is placed away from the neutron beam. Even with shielding, the camera experiences a high radiation dose of mixed gammas and neutrons. The CCD silicon sensor, sensitive to both gammas and neutrons, introduces speckled noise, pixel oversaturation, and blooming effects. Conventional median filters prove inadequate with this type of noise and can result in blurred images. Manual filtering of CT sets is time-consuming and error-prone. An improved image filtering method designed for neutron CT data sets is therefore needed to improve imaging stitching algorithms. We have developed a method that utilizes statistical information in radiographs and variable-sized radii filtration to adequately remove noise while preserving resolution. Once noise has been identified, the algorithm tracks cluster size to inform local filter needs. Filtered radiographs are stitched using a semi-automatic algorithm. This approach works best for data containing features for joint corner detection. It does require specific user inputs, such as object size, features of interest, and alignment, to pinpoint the optimal joining location. Overall, our method represents a significant advancement in neutron CT image processing, offering improved results for imaging stitching and traditional CT applications. We describe the application of this combined filter and stitching algorithm on thermal and fast neutron CT data at OSURR. © 2023 SPIE. All rights reserved.

关键词： Cameras

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Enhancing Thermal and Tribological Properties with Cellulose Nanocrystals: A Comprehensive Review and Analysis 2nd

Enhancing Thermal and Tribological Properties with Cellulose...

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2nd International Conference on Intelligent Manufacturing and robotics, ICIMR 2024

作者： Kareem Ahmad Aqeel, Ahmad Abdul Hajjaj, Sami Mohamed, Hassan Gomaa, Mohamed R. Obeidat, Faten Saeed Selangor Kajang43000 Malaysia School of Robotics Xi’an Jiaotong-Liverpool University 111 Taicang Avenue Jiangsu Province Suzhou Taicang215400 China School of Engineering and Technology Sunway University No. 5 Jalan Universiti Selangor Darul Ehsan Bandar Sunway47500 Malaysia Selangor Kajang43000 Malaysia Mechanical Engineering Department Faculty of Engineering Al-Hussein Bin Talal University Ma’an71111 Jordan Department of Hearing and Speech Sciences School of Rehabilitation Sciences University of Jordan Amman11942 Jordan

ISBN: (纸本)9789819639489

The recent surge in interest and advancements in nanotechnology, sustainable materials, and bio composites has highlighted the need for an updated review of Cellulose Nanocrystals (CNCs). This review brings together the latest research findings, methodologies, and applications of CNCs, offering valuable insights for scientists, engineers, and industry professionals working in the fields of materials science, biomaterials, nanotechnology, and environmental sustainability. CNCs, which are derived from natural cellulose sources, possess unique properties such as high mechanical strength, thermal stability, and environmental friendliness. These characteristics make CNCs highly suitable for a wide range of applications, including heat transfer, tribological enhancements, and fluid performance. The review thoroughly examines the incorporation of CNCs into various matrices, where they have been shown to significantly enhance thermal conductivity and viscosity. This improvement in material properties is particularly beneficial for applications such as engine oils, radiator coolants, and machining fluids, where enhanced performance is critical. While the potential of CNCs is vast, the review also addresses ongoing challenges that must be overcome to fully realize their capabilities. These challenges include issues related to nanoparticle stability and the environmental impact of CNCs, which require further investigation to ensure their safe and effective use. This comprehensive assessment not only underscores the transformative potential of CNCs in advancing material science and sustainable technologies but also identifies key areas for future research. By addressing the existing barriers, this review aims to guide further developments in the field, paving the way for innovative applications and solutions that leverage the unique properties of CNCs. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2025.

关键词： Cellulose nanocrystals

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