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Construction of Fe/Ag galvanic couple by mechanochemical in-situ reduced Ag to accelerate the degradation of Fe-based implant

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2023年第10期66卷 2824-2836页

作者： YANG WenJing SONG Hao ZHAO ZhengYu SHUAI CiJun PAN Hao Institute of Bioadditive Manufacturing Jiangxi University of Science and TechnologyNanchang 330013China Shenzhen Institute of Information Technology School of Sino-German RoboticsShenzhen 518172China State Key Laboratory of Precision Manufacturing for Extreme Service Performance College of Mechanical and Electrical EngineeringCentral South UniversityChangsha 410083China Department of Periodontics&Oral Mucosal Section Xiangya Stomatological HospitalCentral South UniversityChangsha 410013China

Orthopedic applications of Fe have been hindered by the insufficient degradation *** with noble elements(such as Ag,Au,and Pt)to generate galvanic couples is a feasible ***,the direct preparation of homogenous alloys by mechanical alloying or metallurgy is difficult because of the differences in strength,density,and *** this study,Ag_(2)O was selected as the precursor phase for incorporation into Fe to achieve a homogeneous distribution of Ag,which was then reduced in situ to Ag via a mechanochemical reduction reaction during mechanical *** composite powders were printed as implants by selective laser melting,where a fast cooling rate contributed to the retention of the phase distribution of the obtained *** electrochemical tests showed that the Fe-Ag_(2)O implant had a high corrosion current density(21.88±0.12μA/cm^(2))and instantaneous corrosion rate(0.23±0.05 mm/year).Moreover,the implant exhibited a faster degradation rate(0.22 mm/year)than Fe(0.15 mm/year)and Fe-Ag(0.21 mm/year)after immersion for 28 *** acceleration mechanism of the implant could be attributed to the uniformly distributed Ag particles triggering many galvanic couples with the Fe grains,which was confirmed by the observation of the corrosion *** addition,the composite implants exhibited good biocompatibility and antibacterial properties.

关键词： biodegradable implant mechanochemical reduction uniform dispersion galvanic corrosion

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Modulated magnetic and piezoresponse phase by applied electric field in 2D layered materials at room temperature

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Results in Physics 2025年 70卷

作者： Lim, Joong Yeon Kim, Seonghwan Kim, Young-Seong Department of Mechanical Robotics and Energy Engineering Dongguk University Jung-gu Seoul 04620 South Korea Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering Schulich School of Engineering University of Calgary Calgary T2N 1N4 AB Canada

A hybrid perovskite material with a Two-dimensional (2D) layered (C4H9NH3)2PbIBr3 crystal structure is presented that exhibits magnetoelectricity and piezoelectricity coupling properties at room temperature. The inter... 详细信息

A hybrid perovskite material with a Two-dimensional (2D) layered (C₄H₉NH₃)₂PbIBr₃ crystal structure is presented that exhibits magnetoelectricity and piezoelectricity coupling properties at room temperature. The interaction between ferromagnetism and piezoelectricity was achieved by harmonizing their respective ferroic orders. 2D layered organic–inorganic hybrid perovskites demonstrated controlled multifunctional ferroic attributes, with each characteristic established. The magnetic and piezoresponse phase rotation was controlled by modulating the electric-field strength using the magnetoelectricity and piezoelectricity. The responsive and phase-controllable behavior of ferromagnetism and piezoelectricity in 2D hybrid perovskites was effectively managed by an external electric field induced by the coupling between ferroic orders at room temperature. This discovery offers a promising avenue for future research on hybrid perovskites with novel 2D layered-crystal structure. © 2025 The Author(s)

关键词： Hybrid perovskite Layered van der Waals Magnetoelectricity Multifunctional ferroic coupling Piezoelectricity

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A Railway Inspection System Based On A Semantic Segmentation Network And Image Processing

A Railway Inspection System Based On A Semantic Segmentation...

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IEEE International Conference on Consumer Electronics-Taiwan (ICCE-TW)

作者： Ming-An Chung Chen-You Gao Department of Electronic Engineering Master Program in Smart Railway National Taipei University of Technology Taipei Taiwan Department of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Master Program in Smart Railway National Taipei University of Technology Taipei Taiwan

ISBN: (数字)9798350386844

ISBN: (纸本)9798350386851

Rail surface defects and missing fasteners are significant topics in railway detection. However, the detection of images may be subject to noise due to the diversity of environmental conditions, leading to a reduction in accuracy. Therefore, the paper proposes a method based on a semantic segmentation network and image processing. First, to address the problem of data preprocessing, this article introduces a bilateral filter into the U-Net algorithm to reduce noise and improve the efficiency of extracting edge features. Second, locations of rail surface defects and missing fasteners were detected from the U-Net. Finally, the article compares with other literature. The proposed method's effectiveness is demonstrated through experimental results, with accuracy rates of 99.9% for rail surface defects and 98.1% for missing fasteners, respectively.

关键词： Rails Accuracy Image synthesis Semantic segmentation Noise Fasteners Inspection

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Scale-Invariant Specifications for Human–Swarm Systems

IEEE Transactions on Field Robotics

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IEEE Transactions on Field robotics 2024年 1卷 276-291页

作者： Joel Meyer Ahalya Prabhakar Allison Pinosky Ian Abraham Annalisa Taylor Millicent Schlafly Katarina Popovic Giovani Diniz Brendan Teich Borislava Simidchieva Shane Clark Todd Murphey Center for Robotics and Biosystems Northwestern University Evanston IL USA Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science Yale University New Haven CT USA Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering ETH Zurich Zurich Switzerland TurbineOne San Francisco CA USA Raytheon BBN Technologies Cambridge MA USA Skydio San Mateo CA USA

We present a method for controlling a swarm using its spectral decomposition—that is, by describing the set of trajectories of a swarm in terms of a spatial distribution throughout the operational domain—guaranteeing scale invariance with respect to the number of agents both for computation and the operator tasked with controlling the swarm. We use ergodic control, decentralized across the network, for implementation. In the DARPA OFFSET program field setting, we test this interface design for the operator using the swarm tactics and offensive mission planning (STOMP) interface—the same interface used by Raytheon BBN throughout the duration of the OFFSET program. In these tests, we demonstrate that our approach is scale-invariant—the user specification does not depend on the number of agents; it is persistent—the specification remains active until the user specifies a new command; and it is in real time—the user can interact with and interrupt the swarm at any time. Moreover, we show that the spectral/ergodic specification of swarm behavior degrades gracefully as the number of agents goes down, enabling the operator to maintain the same approach as agents become disabled or are added to the network. We demonstrate the scale-invariance and dynamic response of our system in a field-relevant simulator on a variety of tactical scenarios with up to 50 agents. We also demonstrate the dynamic response of our system in the field with a smaller team of agents. Finally, we make the code for our system available.

关键词： Real-time systems User interfaces Hardware Touch sensitive screens Space exploration Graphical models Distribution functions Visualization Swarm robotics Sensors

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mechanical Characterization Analysis of Kirigami Structure for Soft Robotic Design

Mechanical Characterization Analysis of Kirigami Structure f...

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Automation, Control and robotics engineering (CACRE), International Conference on

作者： Muhammad Niaz Khan Amin Lotfiani Umair Javaid Zhufeng Shao Department of Mechanical Engineering State Key Laboratory of Tribology Institute of Manufacturing Engineering Tsinghua University Department of Mechanical Engineering Beijing Key Lab of Precision/Ultra-precision Manufacturing Equipments and Control Tsinghua University Beijing China Faculty of Engineering Technology University of Twente Enschede Netherland Robotics Institute Ningbo University of Technology Ningbo China

ISBN: (数字)9798350350302

ISBN: (纸本)9798350350319

This paper provides a detailed mechanical characterization and stress analysis of kirigami sheets across various structural configurations, highlighting their potential applications in soft robotics. The study examines linear, circular, triangular, and trapezoidal kirigami patterns through finite element simulations, complemented by experimental validation. Deformation parameters are systematically applied to both single and multiple units of kirigami sheets to assess their capacity for mechanical elongation and load sustainability. Additionally, friction analyses are discussed via simulation to explore the anchoring effects of these kirigami structures when applied to soft robots. The results of this study enhance our understanding of the mechanical properties of kirigami structures and their practical implications for soft robotics design.

关键词： Automation Deformation Friction Soft robotics Finite element analysis Sustainable development Stress

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Bringing Bearing Fault Detection to Embedded Systems Using Low-Cost Machine Learning Techniques

Bringing Bearing Fault Detection to Embedded Systems Using L...

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Latin America Congress on Computational Intelligence (LA-CCI)

作者： Natalia S. Teixeira M. A. Pastrana Henrique G. Moura Daniel M. Muñoz Faculty of Gama Electronics Engineering Undergraduate Program University of Brasilia Brasilia DF Brazil Department of Mechanical Engineering Mechatronics Graduate Program University of Brasilia Brasilia DF Brazil Faculty of Gama Automotive Engineering Undergraduate Program University of Brasilia Brasilia DF Brazil

ISBN: (数字)9798350374575

ISBN: (纸本)9798350374582

Vibration analysis is crucial for predictive maintenance of bearing systems, aiming to reduce costs and prevent failures. This paper investigates signal processing techniques such as FFTs and Hilbert Transforms for fault diagnosis, alongside decision tree models, particularly the J48 algorithm within the WEKA environment, for fault classification. The study emphasizes the integration of signal processing and machine learning for effective fault diagnosis and maintenance. Notably, a classification model with low computational cost has been chosen, facilitating implementation in embedded systems. This model also offers interpretability of outputs, as it is based on decision trees of frequency components obtained through preprocessing.

关键词： Vibrations Accuracy Computational modeling Transforms Machine learning Signal processing Robustness Mathematical models Field programmable gate arrays Predictive maintenance

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Motion Measurement Methods for Nonlinear Analysis of Electrostatic MEMS Resonators 20

Motion Measurement Methods for Nonlinear Analysis of Electro...

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20th International Conference on Smart Technologies, EUROCON 2023

作者： Ghommem, Mehdi Alattar, Basil Lherbette, Michael Elhady, Alaaeldin Abdel-Rahman, Eihab American University of Sharjah Department of Mechanical Engineering Sharjah26666 United Arab Emirates Mechatronics Graduate Program American University of Sharjah Sharjah26666 United Arab Emirates SmarAct Metrology Rohdenweg Oldenburg Germany Systems Design Engineering University of Waterloo Waterloo Ontario Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9781665463973

In this paper, we compare two measurement techniques to analyze the dynamic response of a MEMS resonator, made of a microcantilever beam, that is electrostatically actuated via a side electrode. The first method is based on a combination of Michelson interferometry, knife-edge analysis, and stroboscopic imaging, and is used to dissect the in-plane and out-of-plane motions of the resonator. The second approach follows the motion-induced current method and is based on a transduction mechanism that converts the movement of the resonator to a current signal. The third harmonic of said current is directly related to the in-plane motion of the resonator. Motion-induced current measurements enable the detection of the nonlinear dynamics associated with the motion of the resonator when actuated with high excitation voltages. The optical and electrical measurements show similar nonlinear features in terms of the location of the cyclic-fold bifurcation in the parameter space and the hysteretic region associated with it. These dynamic features can be exploited for sensing purposes. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Interferometry

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Uncertainty Quantification for Recursive Estimation in Adaptive Safety-Critical Control

Uncertainty Quantification for Recursive Estimation in Adapt...

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American Control Conference (ACC)

作者： Max H. Cohen Makai Mann Kevin Leahy Calin Belta Department of Mechanical and Civil Engineering California Institute of Technology Pasadena CA Massachusetts Institute of Technology Lincoln Laboratory Lexington MA Department of Robotics Engineering Worcester Polytechnic Institute Worcester MA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Maryland College Park MD

ISBN: (数字)9798350382655

ISBN: (纸本)9798350382662

In this paper, we present a framework for online parameter estimation and uncertainty quantification in the context of adaptive safety-critical control. The key insight enabling our approach is that the parameter estimate generated by the continuous-time recursive least squares (RLS) algorithm at any point in time is an affine transformation of the initial parameter estimate. This property allows for parameterizing such estimates using objects that are closed under affine transformation, such as zonotopes, and enables the efficient propagation of such set-based estimates as time progresses. We illustrate how such an approach facilitates the synthesis of safety-critical controllers for systems with parametric uncertainty and additive disturbances using control barrier functions, and demonstrate the utility of our approach through illustrative examples.

关键词： Uncertainty Parameter estimation Additives Control systems Recursive estimation

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Implementing SLAM for Robot Navigation with Lidar in ROS Platform

Implementing SLAM for Robot Navigation with Lidar in ROS Pla...

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Emerging Frontiers in Electrical and Electronic Technologies (ICEFEET), International Conference on

作者： Gaurav Kumar Verma Surya Narayan Swar Ranjit Ray Gagan Deep Meena Dept. of Electrical Engineering National Institute of Technology Patna India Underwater Robotics & Autonomous Group CSIR-Central Mechanical Engineering Research Institute Durgapur India Department of Computer Science & Engineering Gandhi Institute of Engineering and Technology University Gunupur India

ISBN: (数字)9798331528614

ISBN: (纸本)9798331528621

This research covers the implementation of SLAM (Simultaneous Localization and Mapping) with Ouster OS0 LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) sensor in the Robot Operating System (ROS1) Noetic. Using the high-frequency capabilities of the ouster, this method works towards mapping and localization in structured and unstructured environments. The paper explains the Ouster sensor integration in the ROS1 Noetic environment, providing information on the sensor calibration, data acquisition, and pre-processing. The ROS ecosystem in Ubuntu 20.04 is set to process the data streams coming from the ouster LiDAR sensor which is further utilised to create map and localize the robot. The Ouster LiDAR sensor scans every object in its field of view (in 3D), the data is then used for the SLAM. SLAM is executed using the Direct Lidar Odometry (DLO) algorithm for mapping and simultaneously helping the robot with localization and enabling it to navigate through the environment smoothly and precisely.

关键词： Location awareness Point cloud compression Laser radar Simultaneous localization and mapping Three-dimensional displays Navigation Throughput Robot localization Real-time systems Streams

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Two-Stage Grasping: A New Bin Picking Framework for Small Objects

Two-Stage Grasping: A New Bin Picking Framework for Small Ob...

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IEEE International Conference on robotics and Automation (ICRA)

作者： Hanwen Cao Jianshu Zhou Junda Huang Yichuan Li Ng Cheng Meng Rui Cao Qi Dou Yunhui Liu Department of Mechanical and Automation Engineering T Stone Robotics Institute The Chinese University of Hong Kong. Hong Kong Center for Logistics Robotics (HKCLR) Department of Compute Science and Engineering The Chinese University of Hong Kong.

This paper proposes a novel bin picking framework, two-stage grasping, aiming at precise grasping of cluttered small objects. Object density estimation and rough grasping are conducted in the first stage. Fine segmentation, detection, grasping, and pushing are performed in the second stage. A small object bin picking system has been realized to exhibit the concept of two-stage grasping. Experiments have shown the effectiveness of the proposed framework. Unlike traditional bin picking methods focusing on vision-based grasping planning using classic frameworks, the challenges of picking cluttered small objects can be solved by the proposed new framework with simple vision detection and planning.

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