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Performance analysis of step type solar still and comparison of the performance with evacuated tube collector coupled with single slope step type solar still

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Materials Today: Proceedings 2023年 92卷 215-221页

作者： Linish Dsouza V. Mallikappa D.N. Department of Robotics & AI Engineering NMAM Institute of Technology-Affiliated to NITTE (Deemed to be University) India Department of Mechanical Engineering NMAM Institute of Technology-Affiliated to NITTE (Deemed to be University) India

This research project aims to address the growing need for freshwater in regions affected by water scarcity, particularly in coastal and desert areas. The focus is on evaluating the effectiveness of a solar-powered desalination system, which utilizes a single slope step type solar still and an Evacuated Tube Collector (ETC) to produce fresh drinkable water. Additionally, Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) analysis is conducted to gain insights into the natural convection of heat transfer within a glass tube, which creates a buoyant flow of saline water. The design consists of a solar evacuated tube, which heats up due to the exposure to sun rays and this heat is transferred to the impure/saline water (effluent). The water is then discharged to a single slope step type solar still which absorbs energy from sunlight and increases the evaporation rate in the solar still. Thus, the water evaporates and is then condensed by the inner surface of the glass roof hence purified water is collected. The CFD flow analysis of incompressible fluid under the effect of gravity in the transient condition is carried out for ETC in the ANSYS workbench. Also, fluid flow analysis of single slope step type solar still consisting of ten steps with a water depth of 3 cm in multiphase conditions using the VOF model is carried out to obtain the amount of distillate output per day in fair weather conditions in the location 13.2848⁰ N, 74.7486⁰ E in Katapady, Udupi. The amount of distillate collected as a result of CFD analysis was found to be 5.195 kg/day. The contours obtained from the steady state analysis for solar still showed the distribution of temperature, solar heat flux, and mass flow rate. The transient analysis of the ETC assisted well in obtaining the temperature in the ETC collector tank and the variation in solar radiation throughout the day. The contours of ETC showed the buoyant flow of water under natural convection, velocity distribution, density distribution and solar irrad

关键词： CFD analysis Evacuated tube collector Solar Still Solar water desalination

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A COMPREHENSIVE METHODOLOGY FOR CALCULATING THE THEORETICAL, TECHNICAL, AND ECONOMIC POTENTIALS OF BIOMASS RESIDUES: A CASE STUDY OF MINAS GERAIS, BRAZIL 32nd

A COMPREHENSIVE METHODOLOGY FOR CALCULATING THE THEORETICAL,...

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32nd European Biomass Conference and Exhibition, EUBCE 2024

作者： Filho, Fernando Bruno Dovichi Lora, Electo Eduardo Silva Maya, Diego Yepes Palacio, Jose Carlos Escobar Mayer, Flavio Dias Venturini, Osvaldo Jose Errera, Marcelo Risso Program of Energy Engineering Institute of Mechanical Engineering Federal University of Itajubá Brazil Chemical Engineering at the Federal University of Santa Maria Brazil Department of Environmental Engineering Federal University of Parana Brazil

The present investigation aims to determine the technical and economic potentials of electricity generation from different types of biomasses in the state of Minas Gerais, using different electricity generation technologies, supported by different thermochemical combustion and gasification routes. The five most available biomasses in the state of Minas Gerais were selected: corn, soybeans, coffee, eucalyptus and sugar cane, whose crops produce residues that can be used for electricity generation. Considering the technical, logistical and economic data of the selected biomasses, the research sought to define the most viable types of residual biomass for electricity generation, in different locations within the state, through a multi-criteria decision-making approach (MCDM). A bibliographic review of the maturity of different types of electricity generation technologies from biomass was carried out, based on available information, schemes and operational parameters of real installations. The level of technological readiness of the different alternatives was also evaluated through a survey with specialists in the sector, concluding that the technologies with the highest level of readiness are the conventional Rankine cycle, the organic Rankine cycle and the use of gasifiers integrated with internal combustion. These three technological alternatives were adopted as options for the generation of electricity from biomass, obtaining a scale of the types of biomasses available, through a multicriteria methodology. The determination of the criteria weight was carried out from an integration with the analytical hierarchy process (AHP). In conjunction with a GIS-MCDA approach, different micro-regions were evaluated considering their respective biomass resources, allowing the estimation of costs and performance of different electricity production technologies. A logical algorithm was developed for the selection of alternatives for energy production from biomass, giving priority

关键词： Operating costs

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Joint Special Issue: Design and Control of Responsive Robots

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Journal of Computational and Nonlinear Dynamics 2023年第6期18卷 060301页

作者： Mueller, Andreas Kovecses, Jozsef Kim, Charles Padmanabhan, Chandramouli Orosz, Gabor Institute of Robotics Johannes Kepler University Linz Linz4040 Austria Department of Mechanical Engineering McGill University MontrealQCH3A 0G4 Canada Department of Mechanical Engineering Bucknell University LewisburgPA17837 United States Department of Mechanical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology - Madras Chennai600036 India Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of Michigan Ann ArborMI48104 United States

Robots are complex controlled dynamical systems interacting with their environment. Agile robotic systems have been penetrating almost all industrial sectors as the backbone for industrial automation, ranging from heavy duty manipulators to collaborative robots (cobots) and mobile platforms for logistics tasks. Currently, autonomous vehicles (e.g., cars, mobile delivery systems, drones, inspection, and maintenance) are entering the public sector, but also the use of surgical robots is becoming an integral part of medical treatments. In a foreseeable future, assistive robots for domestic use will become indispensable for caretaking and as exoskeletal devices providing physical support thus physically interacting with humans. Future robots need to be responsive; they must (inter)act safely, minimize the use of resources (energy, material, process-, development-, and commissioning-time), and adapt to variations in demands and environmental conditions. Advanced robotic systems are equipped with multimodal sensory systems, and are operated with model-based and model-free control schemes. Yet, the mechanical embodiment is the starting point of any robot design. Key to a reliable design and control of such robots are holistic design approaches embracing kinematic synthesis, dynamic analysis, control, sensory perception, and adaptability. Novel mechanical design principles, combining high-fidelity kinematic and dynamic models with data-driven methods, are applied along with model-free machine learning (ML) and artificial intelligence (AI) methods. The foundation is a synergetic combination of research in mechanism theory and dynamical systems and control. This joint special issue of the Journal of Mechanisms and robotics (JMR) and the Journal of Computational and Nonlinear Dynamics (JCND) aims to bridge between these research fields and to bring together the latest research on robot kinematics and dynamics as well as intelligent control and data-driven methods for perceptio

关键词： robotics Robots Design

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Navigating the Future: Advancing Autonomous Vehicles through Robust Target Recognition and Real-Time Avoidance 4

Navigating the Future: Advancing Autonomous Vehicles through...

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4th International Conference on Control Theory and Applications, ICoCTA 2024

作者： Hussein, Mohammed A. M. Habib, Maki K. The American University in Cairo Robotics Control and Smart Systems Cairo Egypt The American University in Cairo Department of Mechanical Engineering Cairo Egypt

ISBN: (纸本)9798331506155

This research addresses the critical challenge of enhancing object recognition and real-Time response capabilities in autonomous vehicles (AVs) under varying simulated conditions, which is crucial for ensuring both navigational safety and operational efficiency. Utilizing the Carla 0.9.14 simulator and Unreal Engine 4.26 on Ubuntu 20.04, we focus on improving the detection and classification of key on-road obstacles-vehicles, pedestrians, and cyclists-using the YOLOv7 object detection algorithm. By integrating advanced sensory technologies, specifically stereo vision cameras and LIDAR, we create a dynamic testing environment that simulates diverse urban and rural scenarios. Our methodology enhances the YOLOv7 algorithm's accuracy and speed through extensive training on a meticulously curated dataset of 4,113 images, reflecting a broad spectrum of environmental conditions, including varying lighting and weather conditions. This rigorous approach yielded a significant increase in mean average precision (mAP) from 64.3% to 76.3%, and enhanced the algorithm's reliability, with notable improvements over previous models. The research delineates a clear advancement in AV technology by demonstrating substantial improvements in object detection metrics, contributing foundational insights for future implementations in real-world settings and supporting the further development of real-Time avoidance systems. This study not only progresses the field of AV but also sets a new benchmark for object detection performance, aligning with industry and academic goals to optimize AV systems for complex and unpredictable driving scenarios. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Stereo image processing

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PRISM: A Polyhedral Reflective Imaging Scanning Mechanism for Hyperspectral Applications

PRISM: A Polyhedral Reflective Imaging Scanning Mechanism fo...

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2024 IEEE International Conference on robotics and Biomimetics, ROBIO 2024

作者： Sun, Zheng Dong, Zhipeng Wang, Shixiong Chen, Fei T-Stone Robotics Institute The Chinese University of Hong Kong Department of Mechanical and Automation Engineering SAR Hong Kong Hong Kong

ISBN: (纸本)9781665481090

Hyperspectral imaging has become essential in fields such as waste sorting and agriculture due to its ability to capture detailed spectral information. However, conventional hyperspectral imaging systems typically rely on mechanical movements, such as conveyor belts or linear stages, to scan the target objects, which limits their applicability in environments with static targets or space constraints. To address these challenges, we present PRISM (Polyhedral Reflective Imaging Scanning Mechanism), a novel system that facilitates rapid and high-precision imaging of stationary objects by leveraging a polyhedral reflective structure, thereby eliminating the need for external relative motion. Experimental evaluations demonstrate that PRISM can achieve full spatial-spectral data of 512 by 727 pixels with 448 bands in 2.01 seconds, while maintaining high spectral accuracy, with a reflectance standard deviation of 0.015. We further validate PRISM's effectiveness through textile waste sorting experiments, where PRISM accurately differentiates between various material types at both the pixel and object levels, showcasing its potential for practical applications in industrial settings. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Prisms

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A High-Speed Launching Mechanism Inspired by a Slingshot Spider’s Web

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Journal of Bionic engineering 2022年第2期19卷 440-447页

作者： Tom Bates John Gerig Manuel Avitia Gunnar Waldvogel Tesfay Legesse Justin Washington Pranav A.Bhounsule Robotics and Motion Laboratory Department of Mechanical and Industrial EngineeringUniversity of Illinois at Chicago842 W.Taylor St.ChicagoIL 60607USA

Slingshot spiders use their conical webs to launch themselves at high speeds to catch *** built a launching mechanism inspired by the slingshot *** launch mechanisms comprise a steel structure with eye bolts to hold a conical web made from latex rubber *** pull the web by a winch using a lever arm.A quick-release mechanism connects the web to the winch using a tough-grid *** we release the quick-return mechanism,the projectile material consisting of a steel ball achieved an acceleration of 5107 m s^(-2) or 521 times gravity,and a speed of 66.41 m s^(-1).The power per unit mass and energy per unit mass of our prototype was one tenth and one fifth that of the spider’s web *** particular,we found that web structure consisting multiple radial web elements reinforced with circumferential web elements provide enhanced stiffness;as a comparison our web had a stiffness of about eight times that of traditional slingshot with a single radial web *** results suggest that adapting designs from nature can lead to potentially superior performance of man-made contraptions.

关键词： Slingshot spider Launching mechanisms Catapult Bioinspiration

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Performance Investigation of Water Purification System Assisted by Ultrasonic Vibrating Mesh Atomizer 4

Performance Investigation of Water Purification System Assis...

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4th International Symposium on Advances and Innovation in mechanical engineering, ISAIME 2023

作者： Agus Tri Putra, I.D.G. Septiadi, Wayan Nata Negara, Dewa Ngakan Ketut Putra Nindhia, Tjokorda Gde Tirta Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Study Program Department of Mechanical Engineering Politeknik Negeri Bali Bali Bukit Jimbaran80361 Indonesia Study Program of Doctor in Engineering Engineering Faculty Udayana University Bali Bukit Jimbaran80361 Indonesia

The growth of the metropolitan area has necessitated an increase in the demand for freshwater. One of the issues facing modern life is water treatment plant to supporting the communities. The approaches for treatment of the brackish water were carried out utilizing a wide range of technologies and technology. Many different technologies have been created recently to transform brackish water into freshwater using a variety of methods and equipment. One approach to produce extremely tiny water droplets is ultrasonic vibrating mesh. In this research, the performance of ultrasonic vibrating mesh has been investigated to purified the brackish water. This technique is similar to the distillation method in purification system of water traditionally. The evaluation of performance in this context has revolved around two key metrics: the rate of pure water production and the Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) levels. Notably, the TDS content of brackish water saw a significant reduction, di-minishing by approximately 50 ppm, while the resulting quality of the pure water averaged at 354.6 ppm. Concurrently, the flow rate of pure water output was measured at an impressive 4.3 grams per minute. © 2025 Institute of Physics Publishing. All rights reserved.

关键词： Distillation

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Comparative analysis of bioinspired algorithms for tuning a flatness-based controller: A ball and beam case study

Comparative analysis of bioinspired algorithms for tuning a ...

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2024 IEEE Latin American Conference on Computational Intelligence, LA-CCI 2024

作者： Pastrana, M.A. Filho, Jose Oniram De A. Limaverde Oliveira, Luiz Henrique Bautista, Jaider Fortaleza, Eugenio Munoz, Daniel M. Department of Mechanical Engineering Brasília Brazil University of Brasília Department of Electrical Engineering Brasília Brazil University of the Amazonia Faculty of Engineering Systems Undergraduate Program Florencia Colombia

ISBN: (纸本)9798350374575

This paper provides a comprehensive comparative analysis of the performance of four bioinspired algorithms (Differential Evolution, Grasshopper Optimization Algorithm, Moth-flame Optimization, and Particle Swarm Optimization) in designing a flatness-based controller for a ball and beam system simulated in MATLAB/Simulink environment. The assessment involves the tuning of feedback gains utilizing four distinct fitness functions: Integral Square Error, Integral Absolute Error, Integral Time Absolute Error, and an ad-hoc cost function. Hypothesis tests are employed to choose the optimal controllers from each combination for every bioinspired algorithm and a fitness function. Subsequently, a control performance analysis of these controllers for the ball and beam system is conducted, focusing on critical parameters such as overshoot, settling time, and steady-state error. This analysis demonstrates that all the controllers achieve a zero steady-state error. Noteworthy is the flatness-based controller tuned with the bioinspired Grasshopper Optimization Algorithm and utilizing the Integral Time Absolute Error fitness function, which stands out for achieving the fastest response with the lowest overshoot. This particular controller emerges as the most recommended choice for the specified application. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Particle swarm optimization (PSO)

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Inhibiting scar formation via wearable multilayer stacked electret patch:Self-creation of persistent and customizable DC electric field for fibrogenic activity restriction

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InfoMat 2024年第3期6卷 66-80页

作者： Sung-Won Kim Sumin Cho Donghan Lee Jiyu Hyun Sunmin Jang Inwoo Seo Hyun Su Park Hee Jae Hwang Hyung-Seop Han Dae Hyeok Yang Heung Jae Chun Suk Ho Bhang Dongwhi Choi School of Chemical Engineering Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwonRepublic of Korea Department of Mechanical Engineering(Integrated Engineering Program) Kyung Hee UniversityYonginGyeonggiRepublic of Korea Biomaterials Research Center Biomedical Research DivisionKorea Institute of Science and Technology(KIST)SeoulRepublic of Korea Department of Medical Life Sciences College of MedicineInstitute of Cell and Tissue EngineeringThe Catholic University of KoreaSeoulRepublic of Korea

Electrical stimulation has recently received attention as noninvasive treatment in skin wound healing with its outstanding biological property for clinical ***,the complexity of equipment for applying appropriate electrical stimulation remains an ongoing ***,we proposed a strategy for skin scar inhibition by providing electrical stimulation via a multilayer stacked electret(MS-electret),which can generate direct current(DC)electric field(EF)without any power supply *** addition,the MS-electret can easily control the intensity of EFs by simply stacking electret layers and maintain stable EF with the surface potential of 3400 V over 5 days owing to the injected charges on the electret *** confirmed inhibition of type 1 collagen andα-SMA expression of human dermal fibroblasts(hDFs)by 90%and 44%in vitro,indicating that the transition of hDFs to myofibroblasts was restricted by applying stable electrical *** further revealed a 20%significant decrease in the ratio of myofibroblasts caused by the MS-electret in *** findings present that the MS-electret is an outstanding candidate for effective skin scar inhibition with a battery-free,physiological electrical microenvironment,and noninvasive treatment that allows it to prevent external infection.

关键词： DC electric field dermal fibroblasts electret scar formation restriction self-creation of electrical stimulation

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Effect of Magnetic Moments Towards Swimming Behavior and Performance of the Soft Milli-Robots 9

Effect of Magnetic Moments Towards Swimming Behavior and Per...

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9th International Conference on Control, Decision and Information Technologies, CoDIT 2023

作者： Tang, Xiuzhen Manamanchaiyaporn, Laliphat Research Unit of Small-Scale Robotics Center of Excellence in Creative Engineering Design and Development Thailand Thammasat School of Engineering Thammasat University Faculty of Engineering Department of Mechanical Engineering Thailand

ISBN: (纸本)9798350311402

Remote controllability, real-time response, and small size are critically requirement of medical devices operated in blind, unstructured, and fluidic environments of biomedical regions. Untethered swimming soft milli-robots have been developed to fulfill treatment and therapy in such that region under magnetic navigation. The soft robot's motor-less mechanism with a high-DOF utilizes magnetic compliance of the deformable structure with a minimal control of oscillating magnetic field. Theoretically, magnetic property of the robots is defined by magnetic moments consisting of orientation and strength. Orientation can be programmed by magnetizing technique, and strength is defined by quantity of magnetic moments in the structure. Herein, this work investigates how orientation and quantity of magnetic moments affect swimming behavior and performance of the robots. The soft robots are designed into three distinguish types of magnetic property embedded in the deformable structure;the I-robot has non-uniform magnetic orientation and uniform magnetic strength, the II-robot has uniform magnetic orientation and non-uniform magnetic strength, and the III-robot has non-uniform magnetic orientation and non-uniform magnetic strength. The results interestingly report that each type of robot's property functions mechanism and benefits swimming performance differently under the same control parameters. The I-robot does not have any exceptional potential, but the II-robot can be operated at the higher control frequency even reaching the step-out point. The III-robot shows the greatest performance in swimming and maneuverability. These results are useful to design a swimming soft-robot capable of applying for various purposes, especially when the demand concerns non-harm, small-scale, soft-interface, and remote controllability. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Magnetic moments

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