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International Conference on Innovation and Technological Advances for Sustainability, ITAS 2023

作者： Al-Mohannadi, A.A. Masoud, M.A. Al-Naemi, B.N. Kucukvar, M. Engineering Management Program Qatar University Doha Qatar Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering Qatar University Doha Qatar

ISBN: (纸本)9781032803722

This study investigated the greenhouse gas performance of an operating plant from a business intelligence perspective. 2017-2021 GHG data was collected from the plant, transformed, and loaded into Microsoft Power BI, which was used to build the data model. A dynamic visual dashboard was created for data analysis. The analysis was categorized into areas based on the requirements of the functional dashboard. These categories were GHG emissions per time period, top emitting process units, distribution of GHG emissions by pre-defined categories, and energy intensity. The dashboard showed stable emissions and energy intensity from 2018-2021. Dashboard analysis also demonstrated major emissions contributions from gas turbine generators and fired heaters, mainly from fuel I, highlighting key focus areas for future GHG reduction initiatives. GHG abatement strategies were proposed to provide direction for improvement. Although the dashboard was intended to aid strategic decision making, it can be adapted for greater insights and for operational and tactical decision making by using more data in the model and closer cooperation with data and process owners and operators. © 2025 The Author(s).

关键词： Greenhouse gas emissions

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A Phase-change-material-based Variable Stiffness Sheath Inspired by a Multi-layer Wave Spring Structure for Flexible Upper Gastrointestinal Endoscopic Robots

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IEEE robotics and Automation Letters 2025年第6期10卷 6504-6511页

作者： Song, Dezhi Luo, Xiangyu Yu, Xiangyang Zhang, Bo Yang, Zhengbao Hu, Chengzhi Shi, Chaoyang Tianjin University Key Laboratory of Mechanism Theory and Equipment Design of Ministry of Education School of Mechanical Engineering Tianjin300072 China Tianjin Hospital of ITCWM Tianjin Nankai Hospital Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery Tianjin300100 China Waseda University Future Robotics Organization Tokyo1620044 Japan The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Hong Kong Southern University of Science and Technology Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering Shenzhen518055 China

Continuum robots in flexible gastrointestinal endoscopy require transitioning between flexible and rigid states. Phase-change-material-based variable stiffness (VS) methods exhibit a significant stiffness change ratio but are typically time-consuming. These materials are commonly fabricated as simple cylindrical or tubular structures and integrated with continuum joints, overlooking how the VS module's structural characteristics affect stiffness modulation and bending performance. To balance motion flexibility and operational stability, this work presents a stiffness-tunable sheath inspired by a multi-layer wave spring structure, fabricated utilizing thermoplastic material. A water-based active heating/cooling method is employed, wherein the circulation of hot/cold water through silicone tubes helically wrapped around the VS sheath enables rapid thermal regulation. Structural parameters selection of the VS sheath based on the orthogonal design method has been performed to enhance rigid-state stiffness and reduce maximum stress during 90° flexion in a flexible state. Experimental results showed the proposed VS sheath achieves a stiffness change ratio of up to 16.5 times within 30s. After being integrated with a continuum joint, the sheath demonstrates an average positioning error of 1.48mm within a ±90° bending range in a flexible state, without structural compromise or interference with the continuum joint's bending. In a rigid state, the proposed design can resist 400g external payload with a deflection of less than 6mm. The efficacy of this design has been validated through ex-vivo experiments on a porcine stomach. © 2016 IEEE.

关键词： Endoscopy

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Analysis of VSC-HVDC System in the Asynchronously Operating Grids During AC Line Faults 1

Analysis of VSC-HVDC System in the Asynchronously Operating ...

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1st IEEE International Conference on Smart and Sustainable Developments in Electrical engineering, SSDEE 2025

作者： Tiwari, Ravi Shankar Sinha, Ashish Kumar Kumar, Prashant GLA University Department of Electrical Engineering Mathura India Dongguk University Department of Mechanical Robotics and Energy Engineering Seoul04620 Korea Republic of

ISBN: (纸本)9798331542108

The growing energy demand and ruler electrification accelerates the integration of synchronously and asynchronously operating grids. Generation based on hydro, wind or solar may operate at a frequency slightly different than the national grid due to its intermittent nature and operational constraints. It is important to integrate the generation of various sources to improve grid reliability. Wind energy farms are usually integrated into the grid using VSC (voltage source converters)-HVDC systems. Faults on either side of the HVDC link may create operational and stability issues for interconnecting the HVDC link. The fault ride-through is the ability of the VSC-HVDC system to remain connected with the grid during faults. This paper explores and analyzes the fault ride-through ability of a± 100kV, 200 MW two-level VSC-HVDC to maintain interconnections between grids, especially during the presence of intermittent sources like wind farms at one end of the VSC-HVDC system. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Electric power transmission networks

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Manufacturing process design for cellular structure used as impact energy absorbers 4

Manufacturing process design for cellular structure used as ...

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4th International Symposium on Advances and Innovation in mechanical engineering, ISAIME 2023

作者： Komara, Asep Indra Setiawan, Rachman Budiwantoro, Bagus Doctoral Program of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Institut Teknologi Bandung Bandung Indonesia Faculty of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Institut Teknologi Bandung Bandung Indonesia Manufacturing Design Engineering Department Politeknik Manufaktur Bandung Bandung Indonesia

The application of passive safety technology in vehicles is generally through impact-absorbing structures. This technology has been widely applied to trains, planes, and cars to protect passengers from fatal accidents. Cellular structures are defined by a unit cell that combines material, space, and unit cell repetition to obtain a large structure. It is selected as the base structure of the impact energy absorber for its potentially high specific energy absorption (SEA]. Such a structure poses a challenge in its manufacturing method. This study examines alternative manufacturing processes for cellular structures designed as impact absorbers, and then selects and develops an effective and efficient manufacturing method to produce these cellular structures. Several alternative manufacturing methods were chosen to exercise the use of a combined plaster molding technology and additive manufacturing for prototyping. Manufacturing process simulation studies were conducted using Altair Inspire Cast software to determine the success of the casting process. The final stage is to carry out the process of making cell structures and evaluating the results. This work results in an effective manufacturing process design to be implemented throughout the production stage. Furthermore, for mass production, mold patterns may be replaced by using injection molding. © 2025 Institute of Physics Publishing. All rights reserved.

关键词： Injection molding

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The Influence of Silicon Dioxide as a Fuel Additive in a Diesel Engine Fuelled by Pure Palm Oil 4

The Influence of Silicon Dioxide as a Fuel Additive in a Die...

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4th International Symposium on Advances and Innovation in mechanical engineering, ISAIME 2023

作者： Prahmana, Rico Aditia Darmanto, Prihadi Setyo Reksowardojo, Iman Kartolaksono Prakoso, Tirto Juangsa, Firman Bagja Doctoral Program of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Institut Teknologi Bandung Bandung40132 Indonesia Program Study of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of Industrial Technology Institut Teknologi Sumatera South Lampung35365 Indonesia Thermal Science and Engineering Research Group Faculty of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Institut Teknologi Bandung Bandung Indonesia Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Industrial Technology Institut Teknologi Bandung Bandung40132 Indonesia Program Study of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of Industrial Technology Universitas Pertamina Jakarta12220 Indonesia

In the last decade, the Indonesian government has implemented a program to use biodiesel as a substitute for fossil diesel to reduce dependence on fossil fuels. On the other hand, the development of biodiesel as an alternative fuel to replace fossil diesel has several challenges, one of which is the production of biodiesel, which is more complicated and requires a long process. However, the direct use of crude palm oil (CPO) in diesel engines is not recommended because it has many drawbacks. Research recently shows that fuel additives in diesel engines have promising prospects. Therefore, to solve the problem, this study used pure palm oil (PPaO) as the primary fuel, with the addition of silicon oxide (SiO2) as a fuel additive in diesel engines. The results showed that using SiO2 additive in PPaO can increase thermal efficiency by 18.8% at 60% load compared to diesel fuel (DF). Nevertheless, using this fuel increased specific fuel consumption (SFC) by 3.9% on average and increased the opacity by 153% compared to diesel fuel. These results indicate that SiO2 has the potential to be developed as an effective additive to PPaO fuel that can improve the efficiency and performance of diesel engines. © 2025 Institute of Physics Publishing. All rights reserved.

关键词： Biodiesel

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Low-cost chemical surface smoothing of CO2 laser-etched acrylic using WELD ON 4 acrylic solvent cement

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International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology 2025年第5期138卷 2245-2255页

作者： Moncada, Luis H. Safaripour, Samira Hutter, Tanya Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering The University of Texas at Austin AustinTX78712 United States Materials Science and Engineering Program and Texas Materials Institute The University of Texas at Austin AustinTX78712 United States

With the increasing use of micro-manufactured devices and the demand for low-cost fabrication techniques, this study presents a simple and scalable surface polishing method for laser etched acrylic using WELD-ON 4 acrylic solvent cement, a solvent typically used for bonding thermoplastics. The method’s effectiveness was evaluated by treating acrylic samples up to three times and analyzing changes in transparency, surface roughness average (Ra), luminescence, and wettability. Results show that even a single treatment significantly improved surface smoothness, reduced light scattering, and brought contact angle and optical clarity closer to those of unetched acrylic. After three treatments, the surface became isotropic, with laser-etched lines disappearing. Specifically, a 60% reduction in Ra was observed in the direction perpendicular to the etched lines, while the parallel direction initially showed a similar trend, followed by a slight increase attributed to the formation of surface irregularities caused by the re-solidification of dissolved acrylic. Contact angle measurements indicated that the surface remained hydrophilic, with controllable wettability based on the number of treatments. Overall, this method provides a low-cost, cleanroom-free solution for improving the surface finish of laser-fabricated acrylic components. Its compatibility with complex or recessed geometries makes it particularly suitable for microfluidic devices and other precision applications requiring both optical clarity and controlled surface properties. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag London Ltd., part of Springer Nature 2025.

关键词： Carbon dioxide lasers

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Analysis of Sandwich Structures with 3D-Printed Kresling Origami Cores

Analysis of Sandwich Structures with 3D-Printed Kresling Ori...

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AIAA Science and Technology Forum and Exposition, AIAA SciTech Forum 2025

作者： Hossain, Md Shahjahan Csercsevits, Vincent Seshaiah, Kira Bateniparvar, Omid Ghosh, Ranajay Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering University of Central Florida OrlandoFL United States Department of Mechanical Engineering Widener University ChesterPA United States Smith College Picker Engineering Program NorthamptonMA United States

ISBN: (数字)9781624107238

ISBN: (纸本)9781624107238

Lightweight structures with bioinspired metamaterials, with their uniquely engineered properties not found in naturally occurring materials, have garnered significant attention for their potential in various engineering applications. This study explores the mechanical behavior of sandwich plate structures utilizing the Kresling origami pattern, fabricated through a straightforward 3D printing process. By conducting 3-point bending and compression tests, as well as simulations with Abaqus software, the research investigates the distinctive mechanical properties and performance enhancements these origami-inspired structures offer under mechanical loading. This study is noteworthy for being the first to investigate the bending characteristics of sandwich structures utilizing the two cell Kresling pattern or double Kresling, an area that has not been previously explored. Utilizing the Kresling structure in sandwich panels poses a challenge due to its rotational behavior. To address this, we employ a double Kresling pattern, which confines the rotation to the middle layer. This approach ensures that the outer layers remain stable, maintaining the overall integrity of the sandwich panel structure during deformation under mechanical loading. The findings reveal that the 3D-printed Kresling origami core significantly reduces weight while maintaining structural integrity, making it especially beneficial for aerospace engineering, where lightweight yet strong materials are crucial. This research highlights the potential of Kresling-patterned sandwich plates to improve efficiency and performance in supersonic vehicles, providing valuable insights into their structural efficiency and applicability in advanced engineering fields. © 2025, American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics Inc, AIAA. All rights reserved.

关键词： Compression testing

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Versatile Tasks on Integrated Aerial Platforms Using Only Onboard Sensors: Control, Estimation, and Validation

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IEEE Transactions on robotics 2025年 41卷 3518-3538页

作者： Wang, Kaidi Lai, Ganghua Yu, Yushu Du, Jianrui Sun, Jiali Xu, Bin Franchi, Antonio Sun, Fuchun Beijing Institute of Technology School of Mechatronical Engineering Beijing100081 China Beijing Institute of Technology School of Mechanical Engineering Beijing100081 China University of Twente Robotics and Mechatronics Lab Faculty of Electrical Engineering Mathematics and Computer Science Enschede7500 AE Netherlands Tsinghua University Department of Computer Science and Technology China

Connecting multiple aerial vehicles to a rigid central platform through passive spherical joints holds the potential to construct a fully-actuated aerial platform. The integration of multiple vehicles enhances efficiency in tasks like mapping and object reconnaissance. This paper proposes a control and state estimation framework for the Integrated Aerial Platform (IAP), enabling it to perform versatile tasks like object reconnaissance and physical interactive tasks with only onboard sensors. In the framework, the 6D motion control serves as the low-level controller, while the high-level controller comprises a 6D admittance filter and a perception-aware attitude correction module. The 6D admittance filter, serving as the interaction controller, is adaptable for aerial interaction tasks. The perception-aware attitude correction algorithm is carefully designed by adopting a geometric Model Predictive Controller (MPC). This algorithm, incorporating both offline and online calculations, proves to be well-suited for the intricate dynamics of an IAP. A 6D direct wrench controller is also developed for the IAP. Notably, both the interaction controller and the direct wrench controller operate without reliance on force/torque sensors. Instead, a wrench observer algorithm is devised, considering external disturbances. Additionally, based on the kinematics constraints of the multiple aerials in the platform, a fusion algorithm for multiple Visual-Inertial Odometry (VIO) and kinematics constraints is developed, providing more accurate localization. A prototype of the IAP is constructed, and its capabilities are demonstrated through experiments including perception-aware object reconnaissance, aerial mapping, aerial peg-in-hole task, and 6D contact wrench generation. All experiments are conducted exclusively with onboard sensors. These tasks exemplify the merits of the proposed IAP and validate the effectiveness of the proposed control framework and fusion algorithm. © 2004-2012

关键词： State estimation

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Adaptive Robust Control Integrated With Gaussian Processes for Quadrotors: Enhanced Accuracy, Fault Tolerance and Anti-Disturbance

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IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics: Systems 2025年第5期55卷 3235-3248页

作者： Liang, Weisheng Amer, Abdelhakim Mehndiratta, Mohit Chen, Zheng Yao, Bin Kayacan, Erdal Zhejiang University State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems Hangzhou310027 China Aarhus University Artificial Intelligence in Robotics Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Aarhus8000 Denmark GIM Robotics Espoo02650 Finland Zhejiang University Ocean College Ocean Research Center of Zhoushan Zhoushan316021 China Purdue University School of Mechanical Engineering West Lafayette47907 United States Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology Paderborn33098 Germany

With increasingly challenging applications for quadrotors, higher requirements are emerging for tracking accuracy and safety. While high accuracy is a prerequisite for complex tasks, safety is ensured through tolerance to actuator faults and resistance to external disturbances. In this article, adaptive robust control (ARC) integrated with Gaussian processes (GPs), i.e., ARC-GP, is proposed to achieve enhanced accuracy, fault tolerance, and anti-disturbance. These three requirements are interrelated and affected by uncertainties. The primary idea of this article is to categorize uncertainties into parametric and nonparametric types, which are then addressed through parameter adaptation and GP, respectively. First, a detailed dynamic model is established, including actuator models that reflect different types of faults corresponding to changes in different physical parameters. Then, parameter adaptation is designed, with direct and indirect methods adopted for different parameters. In particular, the actuator parameters are effectively estimated to achieve targeted fault compensation. Regarding GP for nonparametric uncertainties, its model parameters are also updated via parameter adaptation. The GP thereby also learns parameter estimation errors along with external disturbances. Accordingly, ARC controllers are designed, for which robust feedback terms are constructed to further mitigate uncertainties on the basis of the covariances predicted by GP. The experiments demonstrate that the proposed ARC-GP can actively tolerate various types of actuator faults and better resist wind disturbances. © 2013 IEEE.

关键词： Robust control

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Design and Performance Comparison of Current References for a 32-bit Microcontroller Using 22nm Technology 16

Design and Performance Comparison of Current References for ...

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16th IEEE Latin American Symposium on Circuits and Systems, LASCAS 2025

作者： Barcelos, Eduardo A. Campagnucci, Pamela R. A. N. Munoz, Daniel M. Amaral, Wellington A. Haddad, Sandro A. P. Mechatronics Graduate Program Faculty of Technology Department of Mechanical Engineering Electronics Engineering Undergraduate Program University of Brasilia Faculty of Gama DF Brasilia Brazil

ISBN: (纸本)9798331522124

With the advancement of semiconductor technologies, the need for efficient power management solutions in integrated systems, such as RISC-V architecture-based microcontrollers, becomes increasingly critical. However, there is a lack of studies comparing current reference architectures in terms of performance and robustness, particularly in 22nm technologies. In this paper, we present a comparative analysis of two current reference designs implemented in the same technology-referred to as Reference Design A and Reference Design B. We focus on their approaches to thermal compensation, supply stability, and layout optimizations. Through simulations and experimental tests, we evaluate the performance of each design within a power management system that includes DC-DC converters and LDO regulators. Our results indicate that Design A exhibits superior power supply rejection with a PSRR of -85 dB, while Design B demonstrates enhanced energy efficiency and thermal stability, achieving a nominal current of 5.14 μA and a temperature coefficient of 16.21 ppm. These findings underscore the importance of balancing energy efficiency, thermal stability, and power supply variation rejection when selecting current references for low-power, high-reliability applications, such as those in the Internet of Things (IoT). © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Integrated circuit layout

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