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Hybrid Vesicles Enable Mechano-Responsive Hydrogel Degradation

Angewandte Chemie 2023年第41期135卷

作者： Sung-Won Hwang Chung-Man Lim Prof. Cong Truc Huynh Hossein Moghimianavval Prof. Nicholas A. Kotov Prof. Eben Alsberg Prof. Allen P. Liu Department of Chemical Engineering University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI 48109 USA Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI 48109 USA Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Illinois Chicago Chicago IL 60612 USA Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI 48109 USA Departments of Biomedical Engineering Macromolecular Science and Engineering Biointerfaces Institute University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI 48109 USA Departments of Orthopedic Surgery Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine and Mechanical and Industrial Engineering University of Illinois Chicago Chicago IL 60612 USA Departments of Biomedical Engineering Biophysics Cellular and Molecular Biology Program Applied Physics Program University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI 48109 USA

Stimuli-responsive hydrogels are intriguing biomimetic materials. Previous efforts to develop mechano-responsive hydrogels have mostly relied on chemical modifications of the hydrogel structures. Here, we present a simple, generalizable strategy that confers mechano-responsive behavior on hydrogels. Our approach involves embedding hybrid vesicles, composed of phospholipids and amphiphilic block copolymers, within the hydrogel matrix to act as signal transducers. Under mechanical stress, these vesicles undergo deformation and rupture, releasing encapsulated compounds that can control the hydrogel network. To demonstrate this concept, we embedded vesicles containing ethylene glycol tetraacetic acid (EGTA), a calcium chelator, into a calcium-crosslinked alginate hydrogel. When compressed, the released EGTA sequesters calcium ions and degrades the hydrogel. This study provides a novel method for engineering mechano-responsive hydrogels that may be useful in various biomedical applications.

关键词： Block Copolymers Functional Material Stimuli-Responsive Hydrogel Stress-Induced Degradation Vesicles

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The Integration of True Lean and Industry 4.0 to Sustain a Culture of Continuous Improvement 16th

The Integration of True Lean and Industry 4.0 to Sustain a C...

引用

16th IFIP WG 5.1 International Conference on Product Lifecycle Management, PLM 2019

作者： Maginnis, M. Abbot Hapuwatte, Buddhika M. Keown, David Lean System Program Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Kentucky Lexington KY United States Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Kentucky Lexington KY United States Plano TX United States

ISBN: (纸本)9783030422493

Recent advances in information and communication technology and the Internet of Things (IoT) are driving the development of Industry 4.0. Its objective is to enable real-time information exchange between people, machines, products and resources, providing new opportunities for improved safety, quality, productivity and cost factors which can be applied in all stages of Product Lifecycle Management (PLM). The application of lean principles and practices where Industry 4.0 is deployed can leverage real-time processing visibility into even greater productivity improvements if implemented correctly. To do this, companies need to go beyond the implementation of the familiar lean tools and practices such as 5S, visual management and management directed kaizen activities etc. to consider the thinking behind the tools, especially the role of the team members. An over-reliance on technology risks undervaluing the importance of human innovative capacity which can significantly impact the ability to conduct systematic problem solving, adversely effecting daily operational performance and significantly reducing continuous improvement (CI) capacity. This conceptual paper introduces the major elements and thinking of the Toyota Production System (TPS), also referred to as ‘True Lean’, which are often hidden or underdeveloped within the popular understanding of lean. This paper illustrates how TPS-thinking can be operationalized to support and sustain a CI environment while leveraging the improved visibility possible with Industry 4.0 to integrate all stages of PLM. © 2019, IFIP International Federation for Information Processing.

关键词： Industry 4.0

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Miniaturized Microarray-Format Digital ELISA Enabled by Lithographic Protein Patterning

SSRN

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Stephens, Andrew D. Song, Yujing McClellan, Brandon L. Su, Shiuan-Haur Xu, Sonnet Chen, Kevin Castro, Maria G. Singer, Benjamin H. Kurabayashi, Katsuo Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Michigan Ann ArborMI48109 United States Department of Neurosurgery University of Michigan Medical School Ann ArborMI48109 United States Department of Cell and Developmental Biology University of Michigan Medical School Ann ArborMI48109 United States Graduate Program in Immunology University of Michigan Medical School Ann ArborMI48109 United States Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Michigan Ann ArborMI48109 United States Rogel Cancer Center University of Michigan Ann ArborMI48109 United States Department of Internal Medicine Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine University of Michigan Ann ArborMI48109 United States Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of Michigan Ann ArborMI48109 United States Weil Institute for Critical Care Research and Innovation University of Michigan Ann ArborMI48109 United States

The search for reliable protein biomarker candidates is critical for early disease detection and treatment. However, current immunoassay technologies are failing to meet increasing demands for sensitivity and multiplexing. Here, the authors have created a highly sensitive protein microarray using the principle of single-molecule counting for signal amplification, capable of simultaneously detecting a panel of cancer biomarkers at sub-pg/mL levels. To enable this amplification strategy, the authors introduce a novel method of protein patterning using photolithography to subdivide addressable arrays of capture antibody spots into hundreds of thousands of individual microwells. This allows for the total sensor area to be miniaturized, increasing the total possible multiplex capacity. With the immunoassay realized on a standard 75x25 mm form factor glass substrate, sample volume consumption is minimized to © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Biomarkers

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Deep-Learning Assisted High-Resolution Binocular Stereo Depth Reconstruction

Deep-Learning Assisted High-Resolution Binocular Stereo Dept...

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IEEE International Conference on robotics and Automation (ICRA)

作者： Yaoyu Hu Weikun Zhen Sebastian Scherer Robotics Institute Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh PA USA Department of Mechanical Engineering Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh PA USA

ISBN: (数字)9781728173955

ISBN: (纸本)9781728173962

This work presents dense stereo reconstruction using high-resolution images for infrastructure inspections. The state-of-the-art stereo reconstruction methods, both learning and non-learning ones, consume too much computational resource on high-resolution data. Recent learning-based methods achieve top ranks on most benchmarks. However, they suffer from the generalization issue due to lack of task-specific training data. We propose to use a less resource demanding non-learning method, guided by a learning-based model, to handle high-resolution images and achieve accurate stereo reconstruction. The deep-learning model produces an initial disparity prediction with uncertainty for each pixel of the down-sampled stereo image pair. The uncertainty serves as a self-measurement of its generalization ability and the perpixel searching range around the initially predicted disparity. The downstream process performs a modified version of the Semi-Global Block Matching method with the up-sampled perpixel searching range. The proposed deep-learning assisted method is evaluated on the Middlebury dataset and high-resolution stereo images collected by our customized binocular stereo camera. The combination of learning and non-learning methods achieves better performance on 12 out of 15 cases of the Middlebury dataset. In our infrastructure inspection experiments, the average 3D reconstruction error is less than 0.004m.

关键词： Uncertainty Predictive models Image reconstruction Proposals Computational modeling Image resolution Three-dimensional displays

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Droplet breakup morphologies and the resultant size distribution in an opposed-flow airstream at different Weber numbers

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Chakraborty, Shubham Ade, Someshwar Sanjay Chandrala, Lakshmana Dora Sahu, Kirti Chandra Center for Interdisciplinary Program Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad Kandi Telangana Sangareddy502 284 India Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad Kandi Telangana Sangareddy502 284 India Department of Chemical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad Kandi Sangareddy Telangana 502 284 India

The present study investigates the morphology and breakup dynamics of a freely falling drop in a vertical airstream using shadowgraphy and in-line holography. The in-line holography provides the temporal evolution of the volumetric size distribution of child droplets formed during various fragmentation processes at different Weber numbers (We). The droplet undergoes different fragmentation processes at significantly lower Weber numbers in opposed-flow configurations compared to cross-flow configurations. Our findings reveal distinct fragmentation modes, namely bag, bag-stamen, and dual-bag breakup, observed at We = 9.38, 16.9, and 18.9, respectively. At We = 9.38, the combined effects of bag rupture, rim breakup, and node fragmentation generate child droplets of varying sizes, driven by the interplay of the Rayleigh-Plateau and Rayleigh-Taylor instabilities. At We = 16.9, the interaction of aerodynamic and shear forces leads to bag-stamen fragmentation, characterized by forming a stamen-like structure along with the bag. Both bag and bag-stamen breakups result in tri-modal size distributions. However, at We = 16.9, fewer tiny droplets are produced compared to the bag breakup observed at lower Weber numbers. In contrast, at We = 18.9, a dual-bag breakup occurs, where both bags inflate and burst simultaneously. This process generates tiny child droplets in the early stages, while larger child droplets form later due to the fragmentation of the rim and nodes, resulting in a bi-modal size distribution. We have performed a theoretical analysis using a two-parameter gamma distribution, which satisfactorily predicts the size distributions observed experimentally at different Weber numbers. © 2025, CC BY.

关键词： Size distribution

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Droplet breakup morphologies and the resultant size distribution in an opposed-flow airstream at different Weber numbers

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International Journal of Multiphase Flow 2025年 191卷

作者： Shubham Chakraborty Someshwar Sanjay Ade Lakshmana Dora Chandrala Kirti Chandra Sahu Center for Interdisciplinary Program Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad Kandi 502 284 Sangareddy Telangana India Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad Kandi 502 284 Sangareddy Telangana India Department of Chemical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad Kandi 502 284 Sangareddy Telangana India

The present study investigates the morphology and breakup dynamics of a freely falling drop in a vertical airstream using shadowgraphy and in-line holography. The in-line holography provides the temporal evolution of the volumetric size distribution of child droplets formed during various fragmentation processes at different Weber numbers ( We ) . The droplet undergoes different fragmentation processes at significantly lower Weber numbers in opposed-flow configurations compared to cross-flow configurations. Our findings reveal distinct fragmentation modes, namely bag, bag-stamen, and dual-bag breakup, observed at We = 9 . 38 , 16.9, and 18.9, respectively. At We = 9 . 38 , the combined effects of bag rupture, rim breakup, and node fragmentation generate child droplets of varying sizes, driven by the interplay of the Rayleigh–Plateau and Rayleigh–Taylor instabilities. At We = 16 . 9 , the interaction of aerodynamic and shear forces leads to bag-stamen fragmentation, characterized by forming a stamen-like structure along with the bag. Both bag and bag-stamen breakups result in tri-modal size distributions. However, at We = 16 . 9 , fewer tiny droplets are produced compared to the bag breakup observed at lower Weber numbers. In contrast, at We = 18 . 9 , a dual-bag breakup occurs, where both bags inflate and burst simultaneously. This process generates tiny child droplets in the early stages, while larger child droplets form later due to the fragmentation of the rim and nodes, resulting in a bi-modal size distribution. We have performed a theoretical analysis using a two-parameter gamma distribution, which satisfactorily predicts the size distributions observed experimentally at different Weber numbers.

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Robotic Cane as a Soft SuperLimb for Elderly Sit-to-Stand Assistance*

Robotic Cane as a Soft SuperLimb for Elderly Sit-to-Stand As...

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IEEE International Conference on Soft robotics (RoboSoft)

作者： Xia Wu Haiyuan Liu Ziqi Liu Mingdong Chen Fang Wan Chenglong Fu Harry Asada Zheng Wang Chaoyang Song Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen Guangdong China Visiting Scholar with the SUSTech Institute of Robotics Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen Guangdong China Department of Mechanical Engineering MIT Cambridge MA USA

ISBN: (数字)9781728165707

ISBN: (纸本)9781728165714

Many researchers have identified robotics as a potential solution to the aging population faced by many developed and developing countries. If so, how should we address the cognitive acceptance and ambient control of elderly assistive robots through design? In this paper, we proposed an explorative design of an ambient SuperLimb (Supernumerary Robotic Limb) system that involves a pneumatically-driven robotic cane for at-home motion assistance, an inflatable vest for compliant human-robot interaction, and a depth sensor for ambient intention detection. The proposed system aims at providing active assistance during the sit-to-stand transition for at-home usage by the elderly at the bedside, in the chair, and on the toilet. We proposed a modified biomechanical model with a linear cane robot for closed-loop control implementation. We validated the design feasibility of the proposed ambient SuperLimb system including the biomechanical model, our result showed the advantages in reducing lower limb efforts and elderly fall risks, yet the detection accuracy using depth sensing and adjustments on the model still require further research in the future. Nevertheless, we summarized empirical guidelines to support the ambient design of elderly-assistive SuperLimb systems for lower limb functional augmentation.

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Inculcating character values (ICV) for the 21st century in Indonesia: A case study in vocational schools

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2023年第1期2671卷

作者： Rabiman Rabiman Dianna Ratnawati Endang Wani Karyaningsih Muhammad Nurtanto Herminarto Sofyan Herman Dwi Surjono 1Department of Mechanical Engineering Vocational Education Universitas Sarjanawiyata Tamansiswa Indonesia 2Department of Family Welfare Education Vocational Education Universitas Sarjanawiyata Tamansiswa Indonesia 3Department of Mechanical Engineering Education Universitas Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa Indonesia 4Department of Postgraduate Program Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta Indonesia

This study aims to describe the inculcation of character values and describe the values of superior character and require strengthening through activities for the 21st century in vocational schools, Indonesia. Descriptive qualitative research approach was chosen to reveal the existing phenomena based on the perspective of four vocational teachers involved with the characteristics of two female vocational teachers and two male vocational teachers from public and private school status. Teaching practice experience was considered in the selection of participants, namely 13-25 years, revealing that vocational teachers are actively involved in the formation and cultivation of student character values through school activities or programs and learning practice activities. The data collection technique uses a deep interview a long time 60-90 minutes with an interview instrument of eight questions. The results of the study found as many as five main character values namely Nationalist, Religious, Integrity, Independence, Mutual cooperation with the superior character in vocational students is Integrity, but on the other hand the character is low and needs to be improved, namely Independence due to the lack of self-confidence, initiative in completing responsibilities responsibility in the form of student work. The inculcation of character values in school activities can be seen in school rules, religious activities, extracurricular (scouts, student religious organizations) as well as practical learning activities including (teamwork, 5R culture and occupational health and safety. The formation of character value is an important variable for postgraduates in vocational education and a major consideration for DUIKA in Indonesia.

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Single-Shot Compressed Photoacoustic Tomographic Imaging with a Single Detector in a Scattering Medium

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Physical Review Applied 2020年第4期13卷 044009-044009页

作者： Yuning Guo Baowen Li Xiaobo Yin Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Colorado Boulder Boulder Colorado 80309 USA Department of Physics University of Colorado Boulder Boulder Colorado 80309 USA Materials Science and Engineering Program University of Colorado Boulder Boulder Colorado 80309 USA

Photon scattering imposes a fundamental restriction on optical imaging in turbid media. In this work, we propose a compressive-sensing-based photoacoustic imaging modality that allows single-shot tomography with a single detector in a scattering medium. The nonuniform optical speckle grains created in the diffusive regime, which act as a conventional drawback of optical modality, are used to generate ultrasound locally. The photoacoustic signals from spatial positions can be well extracted from a superimposed signal via introduction of locally modulated time delays. Taking advantage of the compressed measurement assisted by the acoustic mask, we demonstrate a theoretical compressed framework of three-dimensional photoacoustic surface tomography with a broad field of view after one-time optical illumination. This approach can increase the photoacoustic imaging efficiency greatly and reveals the potential for dynamic imaging in optically diffusive media.

关键词： Acoustic interactions Acoustic modeling Tomography Ultrasonics Acoustic techniques Medical imaging Optical techniques

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Origami-inspired soft twisting actuator

arXiv

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Li, Diancheng Fan, Dongliang Zhu, Renjie Lei, Qiaozhi Liao, Yuxuan Yang, Xin Pan, Yang Wang, Zheng Wu, Yang Liu, Sicong Wang, Hongqiang Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Biomimetic Robotics and Intelligent Systems Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen518055 China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Human-Augmentation and Rehabilitation Robotics in Universities Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen518055 China Shenzhen518055 China Shenzhen518055 China Guangzhou510642 China

Soft actuators have shown great advantages in compliance and morphology matched for manipulation of delicate objects and inspection in a confined space. There is an unmet need for a soft actuator that can provide torsional motion to e.g. enlarge working space and increase degrees of freedom. Towards this goal, we present origami-inspired soft pneumatic actuators (OSPAs) made from silicone. The prototype can output a rotation of more than one revolution (up to 435°), more significant than its counterparts. Its rotation ratio (=rotation angle/aspect ratio) is more than 136°, about twice the largest one in other literature. We describe the design and fabrication method, build the analytical model and simulation model, and analyze and optimize the parameters. Finally, we demonstrate the potentially extensive utility of the OSPAs through their integration into a gripper capable of simultaneously grasping and lifting fragile or flat objects, a versatile robot arm capable of picking and placing items at the right angle with the twisting actuators, and a soft snake robot capable of changing attitude and directions by torsion of the twisting actuators. © 2021, CC BY-NC-ND.

关键词： Degrees of freedom (mechanics)

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