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arXiv 2021年

作者： Chung, Ka Man Zeng, Jian Adapa, Sarath Reddy Feng, Tianshi Bagepalli, Malavika V. Loutzenhiser, Peter G. Albrecht, Kevin J. Ho, Clifford K. Chen, Renkun Material Science and Engineering Program University of California San Diego San DiegoCA92093 United States Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering University of California San Diego San DiegoCA92093 United States George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology AtlantaGA30332-0405 United States Concentrating Solar Technologies Department Sandia National Laboratories 1515 Eubank Blvd. SE AlbuquerqueNM87123 United States

A systematic study was performed to measure the effective thermal conductivity of ceramic particle beds, a promising heat transfer and thermal energy storage media for concentrating solar power (CSP). The thermal conductivity of the ceramic particle beds was measured using a transient hot-wire (THW) method within a temperature range of room temperature to 700 oC, the target operating temperature of the next-generation CSP systems. Two different types of ceramic particles were examined: (1) CARBOBEAD HSP 40/70 and (2) CARBOBEAD CP 40/100 with the average particle sizes of ~ 400 μm and ~280 μm, respectively, and thermal conductivities ranging from ~0.25 W m-1 K-1 to ~0.50 W m-1 K-1 from 20 oC to 700 oC in both air and N2 gas. The gaseous pressure dependence of the thermal conductivity of the ceramic particle beds was also studied in the N2 environment to differentiate the contributions from gas conduction, solid conduction, and radiation. Calculations using the Zehner, Bauer, and Schlünder (ZBS) model showed good agreements with the measurements. Based on the model, it is concluded that the effective thermal conductivity of the packed particle beds is dominated by the gas conduction while the solid conduction and radiation contributes to about 20% of the effective thermal conductivity at high temperature. Copyright © 2021, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Heat storage

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Interaction between Nanoplastics and Pectin, a Water-Soluble Polysaccharide, in the Presence of Fe(Iii) Ion

SSRN

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SSRN 2022年

作者： Moriwaki, Hiroshi Komori, Naoya Akiyama, Yoshitake Shinshu University Department of Applied Biology Faculty of Textile Science and Technology 3-15-1 Tokida Ueda386-8567 Japan Shinshu University Research Initiative for Supra-Materials Interdisciplinary Cluster for Cutting Edge Research 3-15-1 Tokida Ueda386-8567 Japan Shinshu University Department of Mechanical Engineering and Robotics Faculty of Textile Science and Technology 3-15-1 Tokida Ueda386-8567 Japan

Recently, the potential adverse effects of nanoplastics on aquatic organisms have been frequently reported. It is important to understand the behavior of nanoplastics in the water environment. In this report, the interaction between nanoplastics and pectin, a water-soluble polysaccharide, has been studied. The liquid suspension of a polystyrene nanoplastic (10 mg L-1) was mixed with pectin (15 mg L-1) and Fe(III) (0.10 mM). The aggregation and sedimentation of the nanoplastics were then observed. The removal in percent of the nanoplastics in the supernatant after storage for 2 days was 97.3%. These results indicate that nanoplastics in water can be separated by the environmentally friendly biopolymer and provide information about the behavior of nanoplastics in the water environment. © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Iron compounds

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Design of an ICE Cube infrastructure capable of performing metal extraction from a substrate through biomining in microgravity conditions, using bacteria of the genus Bacillus 71

Design of an ICE Cube infrastructure capable of performing m...

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71st International Astronautical Congress, IAC 2020

作者： Campos, Graciela L. Silesky, Catalina P. Gutierrez, Erick C. Cobos, Patricia Q. Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Costa Rica Montes de Oca San Jose2060 Costa Rica Faculty of Microbiology University of Costa Rica Montes de Oca San Jose2060 Costa Rica Department of Electrical Engineering University of Costa Rica Montes de Oca San Jose2060 Costa Rica Postgraduate Program in Electrical Engineering University of Costa Rica Montes de Oca San José2060 Costa Rica

Creating sustainable mining processes to use in space exploration will help obtain affordable, clean energy and innovative means of obtaining materials in situ, eliminating their transportation from Earth. This research focuses on the design of a biomining experiment for the International Space Station through a 1U ICE (International Commercial Experiment) Cube that sustains a metal extraction mission using microfluidic chips. The studied Bacillus species have a fermentative metabolism capable of adapting to perform anaerobic respiration using metals such as iron and manganese as an external electron acceptor, reducing the metal to form soluble ions and releasing CO2 in the process that can be quantified by CO2 sensors in the microfluidic chip, and correlated with the biomining rate produced by the bacteria to indicate its viability. Results show that the designed temperature control system was capable of maintaining the microfluidic chips at a 20 °C temperature difference with respect to room temperature and with high disturbance rejection performance and robustness. The comparative analysis of the CO2 particles transmission probability reaching the outlet for sensor reading for different microfluidic chip channel geometries, indicated that the combined geometry had the most efficient distribution response with more than 60% of the particles reaching the sensor in the first 22.5 seconds after release. Finally, the analysis of the preliminary experiments results carried out with the bacteria showed that Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633 does not show capacity to carry out manganese biomining under the study conditions, however a possible process of iron biomining from basalt by this bacterium is observed mainly under anaerobic conditions, although it is also observed in aerobiosis. The upgrade in efficiency of this biomining technique has the potential of facilitating space exploration missions while also improving life on Earth through applications in recycling and mater

关键词： Microfluidic chips

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Automatic petrol and diesel engine sound identification based on machine learning approaches 1

Automatic petrol and diesel engine sound identification base...

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1st International Conference on Automotive, Manufacturing, and mechanical engineering, IC-AMME 2018

作者： Frederick, Halim Winda, Astuti Solihin, Mahmud Iwan Automotive and Robotics Program Computer Engineering Department BINUS ASO School of Engineering Bina Nusantara University Jakarta11480 Indonesia Faculty of Engineering Technology and Built Environment UCSI University Cheras Kuala Lumpur56000 Malaysia

Petrol and diesel engine have a significantly different way to convert chemical energy into mechanical energy. In this work, the intelligent system approach is used to automatically identify the type of engine based on the sound of the engine. The combination of signal processing and machine learning technique for automatic petrol and diesel engine sound identification is presented in this work. After a signal preprocessing step of the engine sound, a Fast Fourier Transform (FFT)-based frequency characteristic modelling technique is applied as the feature extraction method. The resulting features extracted from the sound signal, in the form of frequency in the FFT matrix, are used as the inputs for the machine learning, the Support Vector Machine (SVM), step of the proposed approach. The experiment of FFT with SVM-based diesel and petrol engine sound identification has been carried out. The results show that the proposed approach produces a good accuracy in the relatively short training time. Experimental results show the training and testing accuracy of 100 % and 100 % respectively. They confirm the effectiveness of the proposed intelligent automatic diesel and petrol engine sound identification based on Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) and Support Vector Machines (SVMs). © 2019 The Authors, published by EDP Sciences.

关键词： Support vector machines

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Erratum: Bok's equi-volume principle: Translation, historical context, and a modern perspective

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Brain Multiphysics 2024年 7卷

作者： Jack Consolini Nagehan Demirci Andrew Fulwider Jeffrey J. Hutsler Maria A. Holland Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering University of Notre Dame Notre Dame IN 46556 USA Bioengineering Graduate Program University of Notre Dame Notre Dame IN 46556 USA Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering University of Notre Dame Notre Dame IN 46556 USA Department of German and Russian Languages and Literatures University of Notre Dame Notre Dame IN 46556 USA Program in Neuroscience University of Nevada Reno NV 89557 USA

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Toughening mechanisms of the elytra of the diabolical ironclad beetle (vol 586, pg 543, 2020)

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NATURE 2021年第7844期590卷 E21-E21页

作者： Rivera, Jesus Hosseini, Maryam Sadat Restrepo, David Murata, Satoshi Vasile, Drago Parkinson, Dilworth Y. Barnard, Harold S. Arakaki, Atsushi Zavattieri, Pablo Kisailus, David Materials Science and Engineering Program University of California Riverside CA USA Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering University of California Riverside CA USA Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of California Irvine CA USA Lyles School of Civil Engineering Purdue University West Lafayette IN USA Department of Mechanical Engineering The University of Texas at San Antonio San Antonio TX USA Institute of Global Innovation Research Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology Koganei Tokyo Japan Advanced Light Source Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley CA USA

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MyoPS: A Benchmark of Myocardial Pathology Segmentation Combining Three-Sequence Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Images

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Li, Lei Wu, Fuping Wang, Sihan Luo, Xinzhe Martín-Isla, Carlos Zhai, Shuwei Zhang, Jianpeng Liu, Yanfei Zhang, Zhen Ankenbrand, Markus J. Jiang, Haochuan Zhang, Xiaoran Wang, Linhong Arega, Tewodros Weldebirhan Altunok, Elif Zhao, Zhou Li, Feiyan Ma, Jun Yang, Xiaoping Puybareau, Elodie Oksuz, Ilkay Bricq, Stephanie Li, Weisheng Punithakumar, Kumaradevan Tsaftaris, Sotirios A. Schreiber, Laura M. Yang, Mingjing Liu, Guocai Xia, Yong Wang, Guotai Escalera, Sergio Zhuang, Xiahai School of Data Science Fudan University Shanghai China School of Biomedical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China Departament de Matemàtiques & Informàtica Universitat de Barcelona Barcelona Spain Computer Vision Center Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona Spain School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu China School of Computer Science and Engineering Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi'An China College of Electrical and Information Engineering Hunan University Changsha China National Engineering Laboratory for Robot Visual Perception and Control Technology Changsha China College of Physics and Information Engineering Fuzhou University Fuzhou China Comprehensive Heart Failure Center Wuerzburg University Hospitals Wuerzburg Germany School of Engineering University of Edinburgh Edinburgh United Kingdom School of Robotics Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University Suzhou China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of California Los Angeles United States Department of Radiology and Diagnostic Imaging University of Alberta Edmonton Canada Chongqing Key Laboratory of Image Cognition Chongqing University of Posts and Telecomm-Unications Chongqing China ImViA Laboratory Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté Dijon France Computer Engineering Department Istanbul Technical University Istanbul Turkey Le Kremlin-Bicêtre France Department of Mathematics Nanjing University of Science and Technology Nanjing China Department of Mathematics Nanjing University Nanjing China

Assessment of myocardial viability is essential in diagnosis and treatment management of patients suffering from myocardial infarction, and classification of pathology on myocardium is the key to this assessment. This work defines a new task of medical image analysis, i.e., to perform myocardial pathology segmentation (MyoPS) combining three-sequence cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) images, which was first proposed in the MyoPS challenge, in conjunction with MICCAI 2020. The challenge provided 45 paired and pre-aligned CMR images, allowing algorithms to combine the complementary information from the three CMR sequences for pathology segmentation. In this article, we provide details of the challenge, survey the works from fifteen participants and interpret their methods according to five aspects, i.e., preprocessing, data augmentation, learning strategy, model architecture and post-processing. In addition, we analyze the results with respect to different factors, in order to examine the key obstacles and explore potential of solutions, as well as to provide a benchmark for future research. We conclude that while promising results have been reported, the research is still in the early stage, and more in-depth exploration is needed before a successful application to the clinics. Note that MyoPS data and evaluation tool continue to be publicly available upon registration via its homepage (***/zhuangxiahai/0/myops20/). © 2022, CC BY-NC-SA.

关键词： Magnetic resonance imaging

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Novel design of 3D-printed one-way valve inspired by biological heart

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2024年第1期3115卷

作者： Rela Adi Himarosa Wincent Gornes Leonard Sean Kresna Budiman Ardi Wiranata Rendianto Aginta Athira Nur Rahma Anindityo Patmonoaji Farid Triawan Murni Handayani Yosephin Dewiani Rahmayanti Jayan Sentanuhady Muhammad Akhsin Muflikhun Department of Mechanical Engineering Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta Yogyakarta Indonesia Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering Gadjah Mada University Jl. Grafika No.2 Yogyakarta 55281 Indonesia Department of Mechanical Engineering Tokyo Institute of Technology 2-12-1-I6-33 Ookayama Meguro-ku Tokyo 152-8550 Japan Mechanical Engineering Program Faculty of Engineering and Technology Sampoerna University Jl. Raya Pasar Minggu No.Kav. 16 7 RT.6/RW.9 Pancoran Kec. Pancoran Kota Jakarta Selatan Daerah Khusus Ibukota Jakarta 12780 Indonesia Research Center for Materials Science and Metallurgy National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN) Building 470 PUSPIPTEK Area Tangerang Selatan Banten Indonesia

The world of design nowadays is heavily inspired by nature, primarily due to its efficiency and effectiveness. This paper aims to be able to implement a well-established concept of heart valves into piping. A literature review of the medical study of valves and recent advancements in manufacturing synthetic valves paves a roadmap for this study. Using simple geometry to closely mimic mitral, aortic, and tetracuspid valves, and with the help of multi-material 3D printing, the biomimicry valve using the filament deposition method was successfully synthesized. Prior to destructive tests, printing results are not acceptable except for the tricuspid valve due to excessive overhangs. Compression testing results show that printing quality does not correlate to better compressive strength. The strength of the bicuspid valve shows the highest on average of 5.678 kN, followed by tetracuspid at 4.99 kN and tricuspid at 3.753 kN. A similar pattern can be concluded at displacement at failure of 1.85, 1.8033, and 1.374 mm respectively. Further investigation is needed to determine the hydrodynamical and mechanical performance of such valves.

关键词：

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Characterization of GRE pipes fatigue failure subjected to HTHP loading conditions

Characterization of GRE pipes fatigue failure subjected to H...

引用

ASME 2019 International mechanical engineering Congress and Exposition, IMECE 2019

作者： Abdo, Jamil Hassan, Edris Kwak, Jan Frostburg State University Mechanical Engineering Program FrostburgMD United States Mechanical Engineering Department Sultan Qaboos University Muscat Oman College of Art and Science Qatar University Doha Qatar

ISBN: (纸本)9780791859490

GRE composite pipes are a great substitute for Carbon steel, however, obstacles of introducing GRE composite pipes into oil and gas transmission lines have been primarily related to inadequate testing data to maintain materials' extended performance and pipes fatigue failure characterization. Customized testing facility has been designed and fabricated to substantiate design of GRE pipes under controlled service conditions. The testing procedure was conducted based on ASTM and ISO Standards. Pipes filled with crude oil were placed in a thermal and pressure enclosure at a temperature of 650C and an internal pressure of 130 bars for 1000 hours and fatigue failure behavior of the GRE pipes were investigated. Pipes with a surface crack a/t = 0.5 and 0.3 were exposed to alternating internal pressure of 25 cycles/min and a load ratio of R = 0.05. Fatigue tests were performed at two load levels: 50%, and 30% of the pipes strength under static internal pressure. Results show that the GRE pipes burst suddenly without any leakage when the internal pressure was high, however, the pipe exhibit leakage first and then fails when the internal pressure was low. The maximum fatigue life obtain for GRE reference and HTHP specimen pipes in the crack region were 72,237 cycles and 73,107 cycles, respectively, with applied 0.5 static internal pressure (102 MPa) and a/t = 0.3 ratio. The minimum fatigue life obtained in the crack region are 14,105 cycles and 13,627 cycles for GRE reference and HTHP specimen pipes, respectively, with applied 0.5 static internal pressure (170 MPa) for a/t = 0.3 ratio. Copyright © 2019 ASME.

关键词： Fatigue testing

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Grapevine Winter pruning automation: On potential pruning points detection through 2D plant modeling using grapevine segmentation

arXiv

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Fernandes, Miguel Scaldaferri, Antonello Fiameni, Giuseppe Teng, Tao Gatti, Matteo Poni, Stefano Semini, Claudio Caldwell, Darwin Chen, Fei Active Perception and Robot Interactive Learning Laboratory Department of Advanced Robotics Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia Via Morego 30 Genova16163 Italy Department of Informatics Bioengineering Robotics and System Engineering Università di Genoa Viale Causa 13 Genova16145 Italy Italy Department of Sustainable Crop Production Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore Via Emilia Parmense 84 Piacenza29122 Italy lab Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia Via Morego 30 Genova16163 Italy Department of Mechanical and Automation Engineering T-Stone Robotics Institute Chinese University of Hong Kong Chung Chi Rd Ma Liu Shui Hong Kong

Grapevine winter pruning is a complex task, that requires skilled workers to execute it correctly. The complexity of this task is also the reason why it is time consuming. Considering that this operation takes about 80-120 hours/ha to be completed, and therefore is even more crucial in large-size vineyards, an automated system can help to speed up the process. To this end, this paper presents a novel multidisciplinary approach that tackles this challenging task by performing object segmentation on grapevine images, used to create a representative model of the grapevine plants. Second, a set of potential pruning points is generated from this plant representation. We will describe (a) a methodology for data acquisition and annotation, (b) a neural network fine-tuning for grapevine segmentation, (c) an image processing based method for creating the representative model of grapevines, starting from the inferred segmentation and (d) potential pruning points detection and localization, based on the plant model which is a simplification of the grapevine structure. With this approach, we are able to identify a significant set of potential pruning points on the canes, that can be used, with further selection, to derive the final set of the real pruning points. © 2021, CC BY.

关键词： Automation

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