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11th IEEE International Conference on Advances in Computing and Communications, ICACC 2024

作者： Ahamed, Aftaab Jayaraj, Karthik Fazil, Shibin Nikitha, S. Sudheer, P.A. National Institute of Technology Calicut Robotics Interest Group Mechatronics Robotics Laboratory India National Institute of Technology Calicut Mechatronics/Robotics Laboratory Mechanical Engineering Department India

ISBN: (纸本)9798350379136

Holonomic drives are gaining popularity in many fields due to their versatility in various industrial applications. The ability of the holonomic drive robots to move in all directions makes it distinct from other drive mechanisms. Open-loop control of omnidirectional bots can be achieved with relative ease whereas automating it is not as easy. When trying to create an automated system with lower cost, off the shelf components and hardware, other problems may arise as a result of the poor performance of the components. Here a three wheeled omnidirectional robot that can trace a predefined path without human intervention has successfully been developed. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Open loop control

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Prediction of directivity characteristics of piezoelectric macro-fiber composite interdigital transducers: a semi-analytical approach 11

Prediction of directivity characteristics of piezoelectric m...

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11th European Workshop on Structural Health Monitoring, EWSHM 2024

作者： Raorane, Siddhesh Ambrozinski, Lukasz Stepinski, Tadeusz Packo, Pawel Department of Robotics and Mechatronics Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Robotics AGH University of Science and Technology Krakow30-059 Poland

The employment of guided waves for structural health monitoring applications has attracted substantial attention in recent years. Piezoelectric transducers are frequently employed in these systems for elastic wave generation and acquisition. Their dynamic properties, i.e., direction-dependent frequency characteristics such as directivity patterns, are an important feature for designing a reliable monitoring strategy. Although analysis of the transducer directivity pattern can be performed using finite element models, these usually tend to be computationally very expensive, especially for parametric and optimization studies. In this paper, a semi-analytical framework is proposed that can predict the far-field directivity patterns of complex transducers of arbitrary shape and structure mounted on a substrate. The framework described in this paper integrates analytical far-field predictions with a local finite element model evaluating the traction field produced by the transducer. Consequently, the FE model accurately captures near-field responses, whereas the analytical component predicts the far-field responses. The implementation of this semi-analytical framework requires the development of analytical and numerical approaches. The former includes computation of dispersion curves of the inspected plate, the stress and displacement profiles of wave modes, and ultimately, the excitability relations, while the latter includes estimation of the traction field between the transducer and the plate using the FE model. Owing to the popularity of piezoelectric macro-fiber composite (MFC) transducers, in this paper, we apply the proposed method to predict the directivity patterns of MFC M2807-P2 transducer. To validate the reliability of the proposed method, the predicted patterns are compared with experimental results obtained using Laser Doppler Vibrometer. © 2024 11th European Workshop on Structural Health Monitoring, EWSHM 2024. All rights reserved.

关键词： Piezoelectric transducers

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AN IMPROVED AND ENHANCED DEPTH MAP APPROACH FOR OBSTACLE DETECTION IN UNKNOWN ENVIRONMENTS FOR REACTIVE AUTONOMOUS MOBILE ROBOTS

AN IMPROVED AND ENHANCED DEPTH MAP APPROACH FOR OBSTACLE DET...

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ASME 2024 International mechanical engineering Congress and Exposition, IMECE 2024

作者： Raju, Vomsheendhur Selekwa, Majura F. Mechatronics and Robotics Laboratory Department of Mechanical Engineering North Dakota State University FargoND United States

ISBN: (纸本)9780791888636

Interest in autonomous vehicles has attracted research into developing better navigation systems. Autonomous navigation systems guide unmanned vehicles to traverse any environment without human intervention;they require clear knowledge of the environment to make correct decisions. Information about the environment can be obtained from either ranging or vision sensors. Although ranging sensors such as LiDARs, radars, or sonars can detect the presence and location of obstacles, they don’t provide any information on whether the obstacles are traversable. On the other hand, vision sensors produce images similar to how human eyes perceive the environment, which can be processed to determine whether the sensed obstacle is traversable. Since vision sensors are light, less costly, and consume low power compared to LiDARs or Radars, there is an increasing interest in using them in autonomous navigation of unmanned ground vehicles. The main limitation of vision sensors for this purpose is their failure to directly identify the locations of the obstacles. Often, the location is determined by using a depth map, which is not always accurate and can be very computational. This paper proposes a new method of processing a depth map with improved accuracy. The depth of the closest objects to the stereo camera is extracted using the horizontal and vertical field of view of the sensor. It is further enhanced using morphological operations and the P-Tile segmentation technique to segment the obstacle(s) from its background and noise. This approach generates a denser map without any discontinuities, which leads to improved accuracy in locating close-by objects at less computational cost. Information from this depth map can be used as a low-cost alternative to ranging information in the navigation system for ground vehicles. Copyright © 2024 by ASME.

关键词： Stereo image processing

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ADVANCING AUTONOMOUS BACKING OF TRACTOR-TRAILER SYSTEMS: A DYNAMIC MODEL APPROACH

ADVANCING AUTONOMOUS BACKING OF TRACTOR-TRAILER SYSTEMS: A D...

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ASME 2024 International mechanical engineering Congress and Exposition, IMECE 2024

作者： Sah, Dhirendra K. Selekwa, Majura F. Mechatronics and Robotics Laboratory Department of Mechanical Engineering North Dakota State University FargoND58102 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9780791888636

Recent developments in sensing and information processing technology have seen an increased interest in applications of autonomous vehicles. Many driverless vehicles have been tested in various places and environments across the world. Automated backing of tractor-trailer systems is one of the problems yet to be fully addressed in this endeavor, even experienced drivers find it challenging to perform backup maneuvers of tractor-trailer systems in confined spaces. Achieving a fully automated backup maneuver of a tractor-trailer vehicle requires, among other things, the presence of a high-fidelity mathematical model of the vehicle. Often this problem is approached from a kinematic standpoint where the vehicle and the trailer are modeled using a bicycle structure formulation by concentrating weights at the axle centers only, which limits not only the maneuverability of the vehicle system but also its speed. This paper proposes a dynamic model of a tractor-trailer that treats the system as a finite structure of interconnected multi-bodies subjected to various forces and moments emanating from terramechanics and other non-conservative forces acting on the vehicle. This approach presents are more realistic motion of the vehicle even in confined spaces enabling it to avoid colliding with unintended objects during the maneuver. Simulation results by using such a model show that the vehicle can autonomously perform back up maneuvers in as limited clearances as 5% of the vehicle width at moderate speeds without significant slip. Copyright © 2024 by ASME.

关键词： Truck trailers

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INTEGRATION OF DIGITAL TWINS INTO VIRTUAL COMMISSIONING PRACTICES

INTEGRATION OF DIGITAL TWINS INTO VIRTUAL COMMISSIONING PRAC...

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ASME 2024 International mechanical engineering Congress and Exposition, IMECE 2024

作者： Guerra-Zubiaga, David A. Richards, Gershom Forsberg, Paul Nwachukwu, Kingsley Burroughs, Andrew Sabula, Eric Kuts, Vladimir Kennesaw State University Department of Robotics and Mechatronics Engineering MariettaGA United States Tallinn University of Technology Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering Estonia

ISBN: (纸本)9780791888605

The demands of manufacturing equipment often led to operating the equipment most effectively to maximize productivity or *** need for maximized operating time for the equipment has made the maintenance aspect resort to more creative means to address the risk of equipment *** failure of equipment can range in effect from producing poor quality products, hindering the manufacturing process, or endangering the workers around ***, the damage done to equipment that has malfunctioned often causes a greater loss in profit as the equipment would need to be fixed or *** knowledge gap is in how a manufacturing plant can balance good quality maintenance without hindering the operation of the equipment *** historical maintenance practice is to run scheduled maintenance breaks on the equipment, check for system variables that have been shown to correlate to a decaying system or wait for the equipment to *** Commissioning (VC), which is the practice of using a simulated model of a system to explore the potential of a system without impeding the operation of the physical system, seems to be a sound *** paper explores the potential of integrating Digital Twins, a real-time simulation of a system, into the practice of VC to gather real-time data from the manufacturing *** the ability to collect and store complex data, the algorithms used to diagnose the system would enlighten the industry to various observations of the current practice of maintaining and operating certain *** the effectiveness and potential of this new data have yet to be defined, the ability to obtain the data would prove to be a great step forward in optimizing the maintenance and operation practices within the manufacturing industry. Copyright © 2024 by ASME.

关键词： Computer aided logic design

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Investigating the Fretting of Steel Surfaces in the Presence of Hybrid Anti-Fretting Paste Containing Talc-Graphite-hBN-Molybdenum Disulfide Solid Lubricants

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Journal of Bio- and Tribo-Corrosion 2024年第4期10卷 1-11页

作者： Bhaumik, Shubrajit Krishna, Boddu Anurag Paleu, Viorel Choudhury, Nabajit Dev Department of Mechanical Engineering Amrita School of Engineering Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham Tamil Nadu Chennai601103 India Mechanical Engineering Mechatronics & ampRobotics Department Mechanical Engineering Department "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași 43 Prof. D. Mangeron Bld Iasi700050 Romania Department of Energy Engineering Assam Science and Technology University Assam Jalukbari Guwahati781013 India

The present work proposes a novel combination of additives dispersed in mineral oil to form a paste that exhibited significant anti-fretting properties as compared to a molybdenum-di-sulfide-containing commercial paste. The proposed paste contained 20 wt% MoS2 apart from 20 wt% talc, 15 wt%. graphite to 10 wt% hBN as additives, and 65 wt% mineral oil. The average mass of the bearing raceway tested with the proposed paste was 0.0063 ± 0.0045 g thus, exhibiting 82% less average mass loss than the bearing raceways tested with commercial paste (0.0354 ± 0.0021 g). Additionally, the machine vision system exhibited 40% fewer false brinelling areas with the proposed paste (0.9400 ± 0.108 mm2) as compared to the commercial paste (1.605 ± 0.822 mm2). Optical microscope images of the false brinelling areas further indicated debris adhesion, plastic deformation, and crack formation during the fretting phenomenon. Furthermore, the Raman spectrograph indicated the deposition of the solid lubricants on the steel surfaces during the fretting tests. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2024.

关键词： Talc

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Exploring Classification, Size, and Quality of Mangifera Indica L. Through Image Processing and AI Techniques 2

Exploring Classification, Size, and Quality of Mangifera Ind...

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2nd International Conference on Mechanics, Electronics, Automation and Automatic Control, MEAAC 2024

作者： Wanthong, Irin Sri-On, Theeraphat Seangsri, Soontaree Khaengkarn, Sorada Srisertpol, Jiraphon Mechatronics Engineering Program School of Mechanical Engineering Suranaree University of Technology Nakhon Ratchasima Thailand Department of Mechatronics and Robotics Engineering School of Engineering and Innovation Rajamangala University of Technology Tawan-ok Chonburi Thailand

ISBN: (纸本)9781643685403

This paper introduces methods for efficiently classifying mangoes intended for export, a market valued at approximately 4,500 million baht annually. The classification process is divided into two primary components: size categorization and quality assessment. The first phase involves categorizing mango sizes into four distinct categories (M, 1L, 2L, 3L), while the second phase focuses on assessing mango quality, particularly detecting anthracnoseâ€"a prevalent disease affecting mangoes. This detection is achieved through image processing techniques, where images are converted into binary representations and analyzed using both Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) and Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs). Comparative analysis reveals that CNN outperforms ANN in size classification, achieving a remarkable train accuracy of 99.16% and a test accuracy of 88.0%. Furthermore, in quality classification, CNN demonstrates a train accuracy of 91.0% and a test accuracy of 88.0%. These findings underscore the effectiveness of CNN techniques in accurately classifying mangoes for export, thereby facilitating improved quality control and market competitiveness. Â© 2024 The Authors.

关键词： Convolutional neural networks

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Investigating the Failure Mechanisms During the Epoxy-Coated Bearing Steel–Steel and Uncoated Bearing Steel–Steel Interactions (Crack Formation, Surface Tears, Schallamach-like Waves) and Their Corrosion Resistance in NaCl Environment

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Journal of Bio- and Tribo-Corrosion 2024年第4期10卷 1-21页

作者： Alavanthar, Amirthalakshmi Bhaumik, Shubrajit Paleu, Viorel Department of Science and Humanities Amrita School of Engineering Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham Tamil Nadu Chennai601103 India Department of Mechanical Engineering Amrita School of Engineering Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham Tamil Nadu Chennai601103 India Mechanical Engineering Mechatronics and Robotics Department Mechanical Engineering Faculty "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași 43 Prof. D. Mangeron Bld Iasi700050 Romania

The anti-wear properties of coatings are important to enhance the life of the steel surfaces. Thus, understanding the wear mechanisms of any coating matrix is important while designing and choosing a new coating matrix on steel surfaces. The present work investigated the thermal, mechanical, anti-wear, and anti-corrosion performance of semi-liquid epoxy-coated EN8 steel surfaces under reciprocating motion. The semi-liquid LY556 epoxy mixed with HY951 hardener was used to coat EN8 surfaces. The tribo-tests were conducted at different loads (5 N, 10 N, 15 N, and 20 N), spindle frequencies (1 Hz, 2 Hz, 3 Hz, and 4 Hz), and temperatures (40 °C, 60 °C, 80 °C, and 100 °C), maintaining a stroke length of 15 mm. The differential scanning calorimeter readings indicated the glass transition temperature of the cured epoxy to be 80 °C with the endothermic peak at 119 °C. The thermal degradation of the cured epoxy was found to be 330 °C using a thermal gravimetric analyzer. Artificial neural network models indicated that the frictional coefficient of the coated EN 8 samples increased with an increase in load, frequency, and temperature with the minimum frictional coefficient at 40 °C (0.0767 ± 0.014). The coating peel-off was observed from 80 °C. The optical microscope and scanning electron microscope images of the coating wear scar exhibited cracks and Schallamach-like material waves. Additionally, the corrosion studies indicated a significant corrosion resistance of the coated bars even after 120 h as compared to non-coated bars. Thus, the present work will be highly beneficial in developing new anti-wear and anti-corrosive coatings for steel surfaces. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2024.

关键词： Cracks

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Gait dynamic stability evaluation on inclined surfaces for inverted or everted feet walking

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Fuss und Sprunggelenk 2024年第4期22卷 254-268页

作者： Raza, Anam Mahmood, Imran Sultana, Tayyaba Sultana, Salma Dehghani-Sanij, Abbas A. Department of Zoology Government College University Faisalabad Pakistan Mechatronics and Control Engineering Department Faisalabad Campus UET Lahore Pakistan Institute of Design Robotics and Optimisation School of Mechanical Engineering University of Leeds United Kingdom

Background: This study investigates gait dynamic stability on inclined surfaces while walking with foot rotational impairments such as everted and inverted feet. Walking stability is assessed during gait transitional periods i.e. weight loading and unloading phases. Methods: Foot rotational impairments (eversion and inversion) are imitated using wedged foot insoles. A total of ten healthy subjects performed five trials for each of the inverted, everted, and normal feet conditions. Experimental data was collected using a twelve-camera motion capture system and a force plate installed on an inclined platform. Lower limb joint kinematics were computed in Visual-3D motion analysis software to evaluate the degree of foot rotational impairments. Gait dynamic stability was assessed by analysing the centre of mass and centre of pressure signals as neuromechanical input and output responses respectively. Both signals were modelled in time and frequency domains and stability margins were quantified by applying Nyquist and Bode (N&B) methods from control engineering theory. Results: Stability margins quantified from N&B methods illustrated the loading phase as stable and the unloading phase as unstable gait transitions. During the loading phase, both rotational impairments illustrated a decrease in stability (p < 0,05) for the ramp ascent walk and an increase in stability (p < 0,05) for the ramp descent walk. However, there was no difference observed for the respective unloading phases. Results from neuromotor outputs (CoP-velocity) illustrated a strong interlimb correlation (p < 0,001) during gait transitional periods, implying a compensatory stability interaction exists between opposite limbs. Further, stabilities quantified from outputs were found greater in magnitudes than the instability quantified from inputs illustrating the robustness of neuromotor balance control. Conclusions: Results support the hypothesis that gait stability gets affected while walking with rotation

关键词： Balance control Foot Gait stability Inclined walk Rotational impairments

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The Impact of Robots’ Facial Emotional Expressions on Light Physical Exercises 15th

The Impact of Robots’ Facial Emotional Expressions on Lig...

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15th International Conference on Social robotics, ICSR 2023

作者： Abdulazeem, Nourhan Hu, Yue Active and Interactive Robotics Lab Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering University of Waterloo WaterlooONN2L3G1 Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9789819987146

To address the global challenge of population aging, our goal is to enhance successful aging through the introduction of robots capable of assisting in daily physical activities and promoting light exercises, which would enhance the cognitive and physical well-being of older adults. Previous studies have shown that facial expressions can increase engagement when interacting with robots. This study aims to investigate how older adults perceive and interact with a robot capable of displaying facial emotions while performing a physical exercise task together. We employed a collaborative robotic arm with a flat panel screen to encourage physical exercise across three different facial emotion conditions. We ran the experiment with older adults aged between 66 and 88. Our findings suggest that individuals perceive robots exhibiting facial expressions as less competent than those without such expressions. Additionally, the presence of facial expressions does not appear to significantly impact participants’ levels of engagement, unlike other state-of-the-art studies. This observation is likely linked to our study’s emphasis on collaborative physical human-robot interaction (pHRI) applications, as opposed to socially oriented pHRI applications. Additionally, we foresee a requirement for more suitable non-verbal social behavior to effectively enhance participants’ engagement levels. © 2024, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

关键词： Robotic arms

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