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DIFFERENCES IN THE GAIT CHARACTERISTICS OF PATIENTS WITH DIABETES AND PERIPHERAL NEUROPATHY COMPARED WITH AGE-MATCHED CONTROLS - RESPONSE

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PHYSICAL THERAPY 1994年第4期74卷 312-313页

作者： MUELLER, MJ MINOR, SD SAHRMANN, SA SCHAAF, JA STRUBE, MJ MJ Mueller PhD PT is Assistant Professor Program in Physical Therapy Washington University School of Medicine 660 S Euclid Box 8083 St Louis MO 63110 (USA). SD Minor PhD PT is Assistant Professor Program in Physical Therapy Washington University School of Medicine. SA Sahrmann PhD PT FAPTA is Associate Professor Program in Physical Therapy Washington University School of Medicine. JA Schaaf PhD is Visiting Research Associate and Lecturer Department of Mechanical and Aeronautical Engineering University of California Davis CA 95616. He was Hunter Assistant Professor of Mechanical Design Mechanical Engineering Washington University at the time of this study. MJ Strube PhD is Professor of Psychology Washington University.

Background and *** with diabetes and peripheral neuropathy have a high incidence of injuries while walking. Biomechanical analysis of their walking may lead to treatments to reduce these injuries. The purpose of this study was to compare (1) the gait characteristics, (2) the plantar-flexor peak torques, and (3) the ankle range of motion of subjects with diabetes mellitus (DM) and peripheral neuropathy with those of age-matched *** subjects, 10 with DM and a history of peripheral neuropathy (DM group) (mean age=58 years, SD=15, range=35–75) and 10 subjects without diabetes (NODM group) (mean age=57 years, SD=11, range=37–68), were *** following data were collected on all subjects: ankle joint mobility, plantar-flexor peak torque (ankle strength), kinematics of the trunk and lower extremity during normal walking, and ground reaction forces. Moments and power at the ankle, knee, and hip during walking were calculated using a two-dimensional link-segment *** DM group subjects showed less ankle mobility, ankle moment, ankle power, velocity, and stride length during walking than the NODM group subjects. A significant decrease in ankle strength and mobility appeared to be the primary factor contributing to the altered walking patterns of the DM *** and *** DM group subjects appeared to pull their legs forward using hip flexor muscles (hip strategy) rather than pushing the legs forward using plantar-flexor muscles (ankle strategy), as seen in the NODM group subjects. Implications for treatment are presented to attempt to reduce the number of injuries during walking in patients with DM and peripheral neuropathy.

关键词： Biomechanics Diabetes mellitus Gait analysis Joint mobility Kinetics Muscle performance

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Characterisation and issues with the use of a conductivity meter to monitor the level of liquid in a cane diffuser bed

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Transactions of the Royal Society of South Africa 2020年第3期75卷 282-294页

作者： Segura Angel, Diana Maritza Fonseca, Rafael F. PhD in Sciences in the Mechanical Engineering Program Brazil University of São Paulo Av. Trab São-Carlense Brazil

The extraction of sucrose in a cane diffuser depends mainly on the percolation rate, and its optimisation requires the monitoring and control of the liquid holdup with the cane bed. However, most conventional methods that measure liquid levels are not suitable for this application. Operators control the observed liquid level through diffusers’ sight glasses, adjusting the spray position according to visual inspections. The method is inefficient, and a more accurate and reliable measurement process should be implemented towards maximising the sucrose extraction. This article proposes a novel methodology that uses conductance measurements as indicators of the liquid level in cane beds. Conductance, observed liquid level and flow rate variations were analysed under several conditions, such as steady and unsteady states. The effects of the main variables on the observed liquid level and their mathematical relationship were assessed for the validation of the measurements, and experimental tests were conducted on a BMA cane diffuser at Maidstone factory in South Africa. The results are reproducible and show conductance can qualitatively characterise a flooded cane bed. © 2020 Royal Society of South Africa.

关键词： cane bed height conductance flooding liquid level variation in operating conditions

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Optimized closed-loop supply chain configuration selection for sustainable product designs

Optimized closed-loop supply chain configuration selection f...

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2011 7th IEEE International Conference on Automation Science and engineering, CASE 2011

作者： Metta, Haritha Badurdeen, Fazleena Mechanical Engineering PhD Program University of Kentucky Lexington KY 40506 United States Department of Mechanical Engineering Institute for Sustainable Manufacturing University of Kentucky Lexington KY 40506 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781457717307

Decision support models for coordinating sustainable product and supply chain (SC) design can help a company identify the best product designs that will bring highest sustainability benefits to the entire SC at the product development stage. This paper presents a multi-stage decision support model (developed using a hierarchical approach) that evaluates alternate product designs and their SC configurations to identify the best product design and their closed-loop SC configuration that maximizes profit and also minimize adverse environmental and societal impacts. The model considers a total life-cycle approach and promotes closed-loop flow over multiple product life-cycles. Particularly, this paper provides a detailed description of the mixed integer linear programming model developed to evaluate the impact of alternate product design on their corresponding SC configuration to identify for each design an optimal closed-loop SC configuration that maximizes the profit. The application of the model to an example problem is presented. © 2011 IEEE.

关键词： Product design

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An expandable chamber for safe brain retraction: new technologies in the field of transcranial endoscopic surgery

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology) 2023年第4期24卷 326-335页

作者： Elena ROCA Anna GOBETTI Giovanna CORNACCHIA Oscar VIVALDI Barbara BUFFOLI Giorgio RAMORINO Head and Neck Department NeurosurgeryIstituto Ospedaliero Fondazione Poliambulanza25124 BresciaItaly Technology for Health PhD Program University of Brescia25124 BresciaItaly Materials Science and Technology at Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering University of Brescia25123 BresciaItaly Metallurgy at Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering University of Brescia25123 BresciaItaly Anatomy and Physiopathology Division Department of Clinical and Experimental SciencesUniversity of Brescia25123 BresciaItaly

Neurosurgery is a highly specialized field:it often involves surgical manipulation of noble structures and cerebral retraction is frequently necessary to reach deep-seated brain *** are still no reliable methods preventing possible retraction *** objective of this study was to design work chambers well suited for transcranial endoscopic surgery while providing safe retraction of the surrounding brain *** chamber is designed to be inserted close to the intracranial point of interest;once it is best placed it can be *** should guarantee an appreciable workspace similar to that of current neurosurgical *** experimental aspect of this study involved the use of a force sensor to evaluate the pressures exerted on the brain tissue during the retraction *** pterional craniotomy,pressure measurements were made during retraction with the use of a conventional metal spatula with different *** that,although the force values necessary for retraction and exerted on the spatula by the neurosurgeon are the same,the local pressure exerted on the parenchyma at the edge of the spatula at different inclinations varied greatly.A new method of cerebral retraction using a chamber retractor(CR)has been designed to avoid any type of complication due to spatula edge overpressures and to maintain acceptable pressure values exerted on the parenchyma.

关键词： Brain retraction Spatula Brain retractor design Brain retraction injury Retraction complication Transcranial endoscopic surgery

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Estimation of Transmission Lines Parameters Using Particle Swarm Optimization

Estimation of Transmission Lines Parameters Using Particle S...

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IEEE/PES Transmission and Distribution Conference and Exposition: Latin America

作者： Fermín Rafael Cabezas Soldevilla Franklin Alfredo Cabezas Huerta Faculty of Mechanical Engineering - PhD Program in Energetics National University of Engineering Lima Peru

ISBN: (纸本)9781538658451

The identification of the values with good accuracy of physical parameters of transmission systems is very important because using very different values from the real ones seriously distorts the evaluation of the planning, design, operation, maintenance and commercialization of the transmission systems. The present work describes the identification of physical parameters of a real transmission system using a mathematical model with variable values of the physical parameters. The identification is done by comparing the real operation of the system with the simulated operation of the model, varying iteratively the physical parameters values of the mathematical model. To this purpose two different techniques were applied, a classical and a modern meta-heuristic technique to 47 high voltage transmission lines of the Peruvian electrical system. The real operation is obtained from the database of the measurements of the operating variables of the transmission system. The correct values of the physical parameters will be those that correspond to the simulated operation identified. This paper is organized as follows: Section II describes the philosophy of the parameter estimation problem, here is included the symbology, the model of the transmission system, the formulation of the problem and its solution. In section III, the results of the identified parameters are presented and discussed. Finally, in section IV the conclusions are presented.

关键词： Estimation Mathematical model Transmission line measurements Power transmission lines Parameter estimation Loss measurement Pollution measurement

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Optimal linear control driven for piezoelectric non-linear energy harvesting on non-ideal excitation sourced

Optimal linear control driven for piezoelectric non-linear e...

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2014 International Conference on Mechatronics and Intelligent Materials, MIM 2014

作者： Da Costa Ferreira, Douglas Chavarette, Fábio Roberto Peruzzi, Nelson José UNESP - Univ. Estadual Paulista Mechanical Engineering PhD Program Ilha Solteira SP Brazil UNESP - Univ. Estadual Paulista Mathematics Department Ilha Solteira SP Brazil

ISBN: (纸本)9783038351412

Non-linear energy harvesting system was project to enhance interaction to ambient vibration that is wide band and low power which difficult the design for resonant solution. To improve efficiency of a non-linear design it was project a control system based in optimal linear control (OLC). Applying numerical evaluations it was possible to analyze the kinetic energy from the system as also the resulting output voltage. As main result there was a considerable increase of output voltage due controlled system in comparison to open loop for the same excitation. © (2013) Trans Tech Publications, Switzerland.

关键词： Energy harvesting

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Integrated modeling to enhance resilience in sustainable supply chains

Integrated modeling to enhance resilience in sustainable sup...

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IEEE Conference on Automation Science and engineering

作者： Badurdeen, Fazleena Wijekoon, Ken Shuaib, Mohannad Goldsby, Thomas J. Iyengar, Deepak Jawahir, I.S. Department of Mechanical Engineering Institute for Sustainable Manufacturing University of Kentucky Lexington KY 40506 United States Manufacturing Systems Engineering Program University of Kentucky Lexington KY 40506 United States Mechanical Engineering PhD Program University of Kentcuky Lexington KY 40506 United States Gatton College of Business and Economics University of Kentucky Lexington KY 40506 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781424454471

The success of organizations operating in complex environments depends on how well its supply chain could adapt to disruptions caused by unanticipated events. Building this resilience requires the capability to identify risks and uncertainties and modeling the impact of them on operations. Both of these have proven to be very difficult to do effectively. With the emerging interest in promoting sustainability companies are now forced to not only consider factors that affect economic performance but also those relating to environmental and societal responsibilities. Thus, increasing resilience in sustainable supply chains (SSCs) calls for a more holistic approach to address risk;it is necessary to consider the risks originating within and outside the company and those affecting all supply chain partners;also, the risks due to and impacting all stakeholder groups must be incorporated. This paper presents a comprehensive review of risks in SSCs and a potential approach to model their impact. © 2010 IEEE.

关键词： Supply chains

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Preparation of Graphene Aerogel for Application in Solar Energy Harvesting

Preparation of Graphene Aerogel for Application in Solar Ene...

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2022 Advances in Science and engineering Technology International Conferences, ASET 2022

作者： Alhammadi, Alya Alnaqbi, Amna Almarashda, Meera Alasad, Shamma Alashkar, Adnan Inayat, Abrar Abdelkareem, Mohammad Alami, Abdul Hai University of Sharjah Sustainable and Renewable Energy Engineering Department Sharjah United Arab Emirates American University of Sharjah Mechanical Engineering Department Sharjah United Arab Emirates American University of Sharjah Materials Science and Engineering PhD Program Sharjah United Arab Emirates

ISBN: (纸本)9781665418010

In this paper, Graphene Aerogel (GA) is prepared and investigated for its potential employment for solar energy harvesting applications. GA can be applied in solar cells applications as an absorption material and as a catalyst for fuel cells. GA is characterized by its extraordinary electrical conductivity and mechanical strength, in addition to a large surface and a low density. The electrical, mechanical, thermal, and absorption characteristics of GA can be tuned depending on the manufacturing process. Hence, GA is utilized in a multitude of applications such as: supercapacitors, air purification, oil and dye absorption from water, and water waste treatment. GA is also an excellent candidate for superior electrodes. In addition, GA are environmentally friendly materials since they are 100% recyclable and do not produce any ozone-depleting compounds. In this paper, GA is synthesized, characterized, and assessed for solar energy harvesting applications with the aid of absorption and Cyclic voltammetry (CV) tests. Results show that GA has immense potential in solar application due to its low band gap and outstanding optical and electrochemical properties. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： Cyclic voltammetry

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CHITOSAN-COLLAGEN COMPOSITE SCAFFOLDS FOR GROWTH DIRECTION GUIDANCE OF PC12 AXONS

CHITOSAN-COLLAGEN COMPOSITE SCAFFOLDS FOR GROWTH DIRECTION G...

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ASME 2024 International Design engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in engineering Conference, IDETC-CIE 2024

作者： Tsai, Po-Yu Lin, Ying-Ting Wang, Gou-Jen Graduate Institute of Biomedical Engineering National Chung-Hsing University Taichung Taiwan PhD Program in Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine National Chung-Hsing University Taichung Taiwan Department of Mechanical Engineering Graduate Institute of Biomedical Engineering National Chung-Hsing University Taichung Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)9780791888421

In this study, nerve conduits of chitosan and collagen composites with biocompatibility and biodegradability were fabricated. The effects of material composition and surface morphology on the axonal growth and directionality of rat epinephric pheochromocytoma PC12 were investigated. The cells were separated by a PDMS structure to simulate nerve injury, and the growth of axons of PC12 cells was observed under the separation of large gaps. At the same time, mitochondria extracted from osteosarcoma cybrid cells (C2-GFP) were added to the culture to investigate the effect of healthy mitochondria on axon differentiation and growth. The experimental results showed that the chitosan-collagen composite film can promote the growth of PC12 axons more effectively than the pure chitosan film. Cell culture results at different groove widths also showed that smaller grooves resulted in more axon numbers and longer axon lengths. Nerve injury simulation experiments showed that the nerve repair could be almost completed after 12 days of culture. Copyright © 2024 by ASME.

关键词： Mitochondria

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The anatomic determinants of conductive hearing loss secondary to tympanic membrane perforation

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Journal of Otology 2017年第3期12卷 125-131页

作者： David J.Carpenter Debara L.Tucci David M.Kaylie Dennis O.Frank-Ito Division of Head and Neck Surgery & Communication Sciences Department of Surgery Duke University Medical Center Durham NC USA Computational Biology & Bioinformatics PhD Program Duke University Durham NC USA Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science Duke University Durham NC USA

Objectives: Recent studies have introduced middle ear volume(MEV) as a novel determinant of perforation-induced conductive hearing loss(CHL) in a mechanism driven by trans-tympanic membrane pressure differences. The primary aims of this preliminary report are to: 1) correlate CHL with perforation size; 2) describe the relationship between CHL and MEV; and 3) compare CHL across a range of cholesteatoma ***: A retrospective pilot study was performed in 31 subjects with audiometry indicative of conductive hearing loss, temporal bone CT scans,and no prior middle ear surgery. Perforation size and MEV were analyzed with respect to CHL in a cohort of 10 perforated ears with no cholesteatoma. CHLs were compared in 3 groups defined by extent of cholesteatoma ***: Ears with large and small perforations showed mean ABG values of 32.0 ± 15.7 dB and 16.0 ± 16.4 dB, respectively. A direct relationship was observed between MEV and CHL for ears with large perforations across all frequencies, whereas this relationship for small perforations was frequency-dependent. Finally, a statistically significant increase in CHL was found across ears with increasing cholesteatoma involvement at 1000 Hz(X^2(2) = 9.786, p = 0.008),2000 Hz(x^2(2) = 8.455, p = 0.015),and 4000 Hz(x^2(2)= 8.253, p = 0.016).Conclusions: These pilot data suggest that greater perforation-induced conductive hearing losses may be associated with larger perforation sizes and cholesteatoma. The correlation between MEV and CHL may require additional study.

关键词： Perforation-induced hearing loss Conductive hearing loss Middle ear volume Three-dimensional volume reconstruction

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