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Facilitating light utilization and electron transfer of TiO2 nanotube arrays for catalyzing photoelectrochemical water reduction via acid etching and copper doping

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Materials Today Chemistry 2023年 34卷

作者： Hsu, Chuan-Chih Kubendhiran, Subbiramaniyan Lai, Jhih-Hong Saukani, Muhammad Yougbaré, Sibidou Chen, Hung-Ming Hsiao, Yu-Cheng Wu, Yung-Fu Lin, Lu-Yin Division of Cardiovascular Surgery Department of Surgery School of Medicine College of Medicine Taipei Medical University Taiwan Division of Cardiovascular Surgery Department of Surgery Taipei Medical University Hospital Taiwan Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology National Taipei University of Technology Taipei Taiwan Department of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Universitas Islam Kalimantan MAB Jl. Adhyaksa No. 2 Banjarmasin70124 Indonesia /Nanoro 03 B.P 7192 03 Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Gingen Technology Co. LTD Rm. 7 10F. No.189 Sec. 2 Keelung Rd. Xinyi Dist. Taipei11054 Taiwan Cell Physiology and Molecular Image Research Center Wan Fang Hospital Taipei Medical University Taipei11696 Taiwan International PhD Program in Biomedical Engineering College of Biomedical Engineering Taipei Medical University Taipei11031 Taiwan Stanford Byers Center for Biodesign Stanford University CA94305-5428 United States Graduate Institute of Biomedical Optomechatronics College of Biomedical Engineering Taipei Medical University Taipei11031 Taiwan Department of Chemical Engineering Ming Chi University of Technology New Taipei City24301 Taiwan

Photoelectrochemical catalytic capability mainly relies on light absorption and charge transfer efficiency. TiO2 nanotube array (TNA) having suitable band edges and one-dimensional hollow structure is regarded as one of efficient photoelectrocatalysts toward water reduction. In this study, two strategies are firstly applied to modify TNA as the photocatalyst of water reduction. Ti foils are etched by acid to produce multiple light reflections planes for improving light absorption, and Cu is doped in TNA to enhance charge transfer efficiency. The optimal Cu-doped TNA electrode on the acid-etched Ti foil presents a much smaller overpotential of 91 mV at 10 mA/cm2 compared with that of the undoped TNA (524 mV). A smaller Tafel slope of 134 mV/dec is obtained for the optimal Cu-doped TNA electrode than that of the undoped TNA (167 mV/dec). After measuring the photoelectrochemical performance for 1000 cycles, overpotential and charge-transfer resistance of modified TNA are largely reduced owing to activation. Current retention of 96.7% is achieved after continuously illuminating for 10 h. Highly improved photoelectrochemical catalytic ability of TNA modified by acid etching and Cu doping provides new pages for material modifications on substrate and active material. © 2023 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Light absorption

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Compressed air energy storage systems (CAES) and assessment of expansion cooling as an ancillary process

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Science Talks 2024年 10卷

作者： Abdul Hai Alami Ahmad Yasin Siren Khuri Ayman Mudallal Mohamad Ayoub Adnan Alashkar Rashid AlRashid Shamma Abdalla Sustainable and Renewable Energy Engineering Department University of Sharjah Sharjah P.O. Box 27272 United Arab Emirates Materials Science and Engineering PhD Program American University of Sharjah Sharjah P.O. Box 26666 United Arab Emirates Mechanical Engineering Department American University of Sharjah Sharjah 26666 United Arab Emirates

This work introduces compressed air energy storage (CAES) systems and their role in mitigating the lag between energy supply and demand. The concept of energy storage relies on storing energy during periods of low demand to supply it during periods of high demand, where CAES stands as a scalable solution with the ability to house ancillary systems in order to harvest useful effects such as expansion cooling. CAES on its own compares well with electrochemical batteries, while bearing a simpler system design and less stringent operational requirements; however, with the integration of thermal management the role of CAES can be extended to produce chilled water that can be used for cooling applications. Not only does expansion cooling broaden the utilization of CAES, it has also enhanced the energetic efficiency of the system by 4%. Future work within the scope of CAES includes the integration of heat pipes and latent heat energy storage, and experimenting with different working gases.

关键词： Compressed air energy storage (CAES) mechanical energy storage Expansion cooling Thermal management

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Progress in experimental assessments of buoyancy work energy storage

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Science Talks 2024年 10卷

作者： Abdul Hai Alami Mohamad Ayoub Adnan Alashkar Shamma Abdalla Ahmad Yasin Ayman Mdallal Sustainable and Renewable Energy Engineering Department University of Sharjah Sharjah P.O. Box 27272 United Arab Emirates Materials Science and Engineering PhD Program American University of Sharjah Sharjah P.O. Box 26666 United Arab Emirates Mechanical Engineering Department American University of Sharjah Sharjah 26666 United Arab Emirates

This work reiterates the potential of buoyancy work energy storage (BWES) systems which has been presented in previously published experimental-based literature. The concept of buoyancy work can be grasped when studying the operation of mobility devices such as hot air balloons or boats, where buoyancy plays a key role in keeping them afloat. Conventional experimental BWES systems that were studied in previous literature consist of a water tank, a submergible buoy, a motor/generator carrying out the charging/discharging processes, respectively, and a data acquisition interface. It is interesting to see the progression of this technology at lab scale, where initial designs included the use of a barrel as the water tank, and Styrofoam cut-outs as buoys. One design utilized a ring with multiple Styrofoam buoys attached to it, and it was later enhanced by adding helical engravings to the buoys' surface to affect its interaction with water positively during descension and ascension. The latest study added to this timeline of ongoing development investigates the effect of different buoy materials, surface coatings, buoy infill gasses, and load.

关键词： Buoyancy work energy storage mechanical energy storage Offshore wind turbines Battery alternatives

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Symmetries and synchronization from whole-neural activity in C. elegans connectome: Integration of functional and structural networks

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Avila, Bryant Augusto, Pedro Phillips, David Gili, Tommaso Zimmer, Manuel Makse, Hernán A. Levich Institute and Physics Department City College of New York New YorkNY10031 United States Vienna Austria Vienna Biocenter PhD Program Doctoral School the University of Vienna Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria Mechanical Engineering Department University of New Mexico AlbuquerqueNM87131 United States Networks Unit IMT Scuola Alti Studi Lucca Piazza San Francesco 15 Lucca55100 Italy Department of Radiology Neuroradiology Service Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center New YorkNY10065 United States CUNY Neuroscience Graduate Center City University of New York New YorkNY10031 United States

Understanding the dynamical behavior of complex systems from their underlying network architectures is a long-standing question in complexity theory. Therefore, many metrics have been devised to extract network features like motifs, centrality, and modularity measures. It has previously been proposed that network symmetries are of particular importance since they are expected to underly the synchronization of a system’s units, which is ubiquitously observed in nervous system activity patterns. However, perfectly symmetrical structures are difficult to assess in noisy measurements of biological systems, like neuronal connectomes. Here, we devise a principled method to infer network symmetries from combined connectome and neuronal activity data. Using nervous system-wide population activity recordings of the *** backward locomotor system, we infer structures in the connectome called fibration symmetries, which can explain which group of neurons synchronize their activity. Our analysis suggests functional building blocks in the animal’s motor periphery, providing new testable hypotheses on how descending interneuron circuits communicate with the motor periphery to control behavior. Our approach opens a new door to exploring the structure-function relations in other complex systems, like the nervous systems of larger animals. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Synchronization

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APPLICATION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC LOGGING TO CONTAMINATION INVESTIGATIONS IN GLACIAL SAND-AND-GRAVEL AQUIFERS

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GROUND WATER MONITORING AND REMEDIATION 1993年第3期13卷 129-138页

作者： WILLIAMS, JH LAPHAM, WW BARRINGER, TH John H. Williams received an M.S. in geology from Penn State University in 1980 and has worked for the U.S. Geological Survey since that time. He currently is the ground water specialist for the New York District (P.O. Box 1669 Albany NY 12201) and the borehole geophysics specialist for the Northeastern Region. He is also an instructor for the National Ground Water Association course on aquifer test methods. His primary interest is the application of borehole geophysics to ground water studies. Wayne W. Lapham has been employed as a hydrologist with the U.S. Geological Survey since 1976. He currently works for USGS as a ground water specialist for the National Water-Quality Assessment Program (MS 413 Reston VA 22092). He received a B.S. degree in mechanical engineering from Northeastern University in 1969 an M.S. in geology from the University of Massachusetts in 1975 and a Ph.D. in hydrology from the University of Arizona in 1988. He has been involved with various aspects of ground water hydrology including resource appraisal and ground water modeling. Thomas H. Barringer is the statistical methods specialist for the New Jersey District of the U.S. Geological Survey (810 Bear Tavern Rd West Trenton NJ 08628). His interests include spatial statistics and the application of statistical methods to hydrological problems. He has a joint M.S. in regional planning and regional science and a PhD. in regional science from the University of Pennsylvania.

Electromagnetic (EM) logging provides an efficient method for high-resolution, vertical delineation of electrically conductive contamination in glacial sand-and-gravel aquifers. EM, gamma, and lithologic logs and specific conductance data from sand-and-gravel aquifers at five sites in the northeastern United States were analyzed to define the relation of EM conductivity to aquifer lithology and water quality. Municipal waste disposal, septic waste discharge, or highway deicing salt application at these sites has caused contaminant plumes in which the dissolved solids concentration and specific conductance of ground water exceed background levels by as much as 10 to 20 times. The major hydrogeologic factors that affected EM log response at the five sites were the dissolved solids concentration of the ground water and the silt and clay content in the aquifer. EM conductivity of sand and gravel with uncontaminated water ranged from less than 5 to about 10 millisiemens per meter (mS/m);that of silt and clay zones ranged from about 15 to 45 mS/m;and that of the more highly contaminated zones in sand and gravel ranged from about 10 to more than 80 mS/m. Specific conductance of water samples from screened intervals in sand and gravel at selected monitoring well installations was significantly correlated with EM conductivity. EM logging can be used in glacial sand-and-gravel aquifer investigations to (1) determine optimum depths for the placement of monitoring well screens;(2) provide a nearly continuous vertical profile of specific conductance to complement depth-specific water quality samples;and (3) identify temporal changes in water quality through sequential logging. Detailed lithologic or gamma logs, preferably both, need to be collected along with the EM logs to define zones in which elevated EM conductivity is caused by the presence of silt and clay beds rather than contamination.

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Construction of dual Z-scheme Ag3VO4–BiVO4/InVO4 photocatalysts using vanadium source from spent catalysts for contaminated water treatment and bacterial inactivation

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Chemosphere 2024年 363卷 142746页

作者： Lee, Kuen-Chan Hsu, Shih-Chieh Huang, Jen-Hsien Wang, Kuan-Syun Pang, Wei Kong Hu, Chih-Wei Jiang, Yi-Jhen Cho, Er-Chieh Weng, Huei Chu Liu, Ting-Yu Department of Science Education National Taipei University of Education No. 134 Sec. 2 Heping E. Road Da-an District Taipei City106 Taiwan PhD Program in Medical Neuroscience College of Medical Science and Technology Taipei Medical University 250 Wuxing Street Taipei City110 Taiwan Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering Tamkang University No. 151 Yingzhuan Road Tamsui District New Taipei City25137 Taiwan Department of Green Material Technology Green Technology Research Institute CPC Corporation No.2 Zuonan Rd. Nanzi District Kaohsiung City81126 Taiwan Department of Materials Engineering Ming Chi University of Technology New Taipei City243303 Taiwan Faculty of Engineering Institute for Superconducting & Electronic Materials University of Wollongong WollongongNSW Australia National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center 101 Hsin-Ann Road Hsinchu Science Park Hsinchu30076 Taiwan School of Pharmacy College of Pharmacy Taipei Medical University 250 Wuxing Street Taipei City110 Taiwan Department of Mechanical Engineering Chung Yuan Christian University No. 200 Chungpei Road Chungli District Taoyuan City32023 Taiwan Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Yuan Ze University Taoyuan City32003 Taiwan College of Engineering & Center for Sustainability and Energy Technologies Chang Gung University Taoyuan33302 Taiwan

Vanadate-based photocatalysts have recently attracted substantial attention owing to their outstanding photocatalytic activity for degrading organic pollutants and generating energy via photocatalytic processes. However, the relatively high price of vanadium has hindered the development of vanadate-based photocatalysts for various applications. Spent catalysts obtained from oil refineries typically contain a significant quantity of vanadium, making them valuable for recovery and utilization as precursors for the production of high-value-added photocatalysts. In this study, we transformed the V present in spent catalysts produced by the petrochemical industry into ternary vanadate-based photocatalysts [BiVO4/InVO4/Ag3VO4 (BVO/IVO/AVO, respectively)] designed for water remediation. The ternary composites revealed an enhanced photocatalytic capability, which was 1.42 and 5.1 times higher than those of the binary BVO/IVO and pristine AVO due to the facilitated charge separation. The ternary photocatalysts not only effectively treated wastewater containing various organic dyes, such as methylene blue (MB), rhodamine 6G (R6G), and brilliant green (BG), but also exhibited remarkable photocatalytic performance in the degradation of antibiotics, reduction of Cr(VI), and bacterial inactivation. This paper proposes a feasible route for recycling industrial waste as a source of vanadium to produce highly efficient vanadate-based photocatalysts. © 2024 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Water pollution

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Pilot study of hydrogen-rich syngas production from ma bamboo (Dendrocalamus latiforus) by plasma reforming

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Taiwan Journal of Forest Science 2014年第4期29卷 239-249页

作者： Juan, Sun-Wen Wang, Chi-Sheng Huang, Jin-Cherng Wang, Ya-Nan Ting, Ching-Hua Shiah, Tsang-Chyi Liu, Su-Ling PhD Program of Agriculture Science National Chiayi Univ. 300 Syuefu Rd. Chiayi City60004 Taiwan Advanced Propulsion and Power System Research Center National Cheng Kung Univ. 2500 Jhongjheng S. Rd. Sec. 1 Gueiren Dist. Tainan71150 Taiwan Department of Wood Based Materials and Design National Chiayi Univ. 300 Syuefu Rd. Chiayi City60004 Taiwan School of Forestry and Resource Conservation National Taiwan Univ. 1 Roosevelt Rd. Sec. 4 Taipei10617 Taiwan Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering National Chiayi Univ. 300 Syuefu Rd. Chiayi City60004 Taiwan Experimental Forest College of Bio-Resources and Agriculture National Taiwan Univ. 12 Chienshan Rd. Sec. 1 Chushan Township Nantou County55750 Taiwan

Major components of bamboo are solid hydrocarbons in the forms of cellulose, hemicellulose, lignins, and pentosan. The abundance of hydrocarbons indicates the potential of bamboo to be an excellent raw material to produce hydrogen. In this study, 1-yr-old ma bamboo (Dendrocalamus latiforus) was liquefed with polyethylene glycol and then treated with plasma steam reforming to produce hydrogen. Productivity levels of hydrogen at different bamboo concentrations and pyrolysis temperatures were experimentally and theoretically studied. The liquefaction and pyrolysis apparatuses were hence optimized. A maximum productivity occurred at a weight ratio of 1:10 of ma bamboo to water and a pyrolysis temperature of 800°C by plasma treatment.

关键词： Hydrogen production

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Front Cover: Emergence of Non-photoresponsive Catalytic Techniques for Environmental Remediation and Energy Generation (Chem. Asian J. 9/2023)

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Chemistry – An Asian Journal 2023年第9期18卷

作者： Manish Kumar Sharma Dr. Imran Khan Kuldeep Kaswan Dr. Snigdha Roy Barman Prof. Dr. Subhajit Saha Wu-Chiao Hsieh Prof. Dr. Yu-Lun Chueh Prof. Dr. Yu-Lin Wang Prof. Dr. Sangmin Lee Prof. Dr. Dukhyun Choi Prof. Dr. Zong-Hong Lin Department of Materials Science and Engineering National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu 30013 Taiwan Institute of NanoEngineering and Microsystems National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu 30013 Taiwan International Intercollegiate PhD Program National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu 30013 Taiwan Department of Renewable Energy Maulana Abul Kalam Azad University of Technology West Bengal 741249 India Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and College of Medicine Chang Gung University Taoyuan 333 Taiwan Frontier Research Center on Fundamental and Applied Sciences of Matters National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu 30013 Taiwan School of Mechanical Engineering Chung-Ang University Seoul 06974 South Korea Department of Mechanical Engineering Sungkyunkwan University Suwon 16419 South Korea Department of Biomedical Engineering National Taiwan University Taipei 10617 Taiwan

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Front Cover: Bioderived Molecular Electrodes for Next-Generation Energy-Storage Materials (ChemSusChem 9/2020)

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ChemSusChem 2020年第9期13卷 2101-2101页

作者： Mikhail Miroshnikov Kiran Mahankali Dr. Naresh Kumar Thangavel Dr. Sitakanta Satapathy Dr. Leela Mohana Reddy Arava Dr. Pulickel M. Ajayan Dr. George John Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Center for Discovery and Innovation The City College of New York 85 St. Nicholas Terrace New York NY 10031 USA The PhD Program in Chemistry The Graduate Center of the City University of New York 365 5th Ave New York NY 10016 USA Department of Mechanical Engineering Wayne State University 5050 Anthony Wayne Dr. Detroit MI 48202 USA Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering Rice University 6100 Main Street Houston TX 77005 USA

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Q&A

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Design Management Review 2014年第1期25卷

作者： Woodie Flowers Sarah Stein Greenberg Richard K. Miller Srikant M. Datar Pappalardo Professor Emeritus of mechanical engineering at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. He helped create MIT's renowned INTRODUCTION TO DESIGN COURSE. Flowers also received national recognition in his role as host for the PBS television series Scientific American Frontiers from 1990 to 1993 and received a New England EMMY Award for a special PBS program on design. He is a member of the National Academy of Engineering a Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science and of the American Society of Mechanical Engineering and has received three honorary doctorates. He is a MacVicar Faculty Fellow for extraordinary contributions to undergraduate education at MIT where he is a member of the faculty advisory committee for MITX the Massachusetts Innovation & Technology Exchange. He was also the inaugural recipient of the Woodie Flowers Award from FIRST (For Inspiration and Recognition of Science and Technology). He recently received the Edward F. Church Medal and the Spira Outstanding Design Educator Award from ASME. Currently Flowers is a director or scientific advisor for four companies. He is also national advisor and chairman of the executive advisor board for FIRST. Has been managing director of the Hasso Plattner Institute of Design at Stanford University (also known as the d.school) since 2010. Previously she worked in the innovation practice of Monitor Group in the US and India and advised multinational companies on developing innovation capabilities. Her background includes developing new products and services in a number of emerging markets in Asia and Africa. In the classroom Stein Greenberg has co‐taught the d.school's foundational class Design Thinking Bootcamp and its renowned course on design for the developing world Entrepreneurial Design for Extreme Affordability. She recently launched an experimental new program featuring short‐format “pop‐up” classes. She holds an MBA from Stanford University and a BA in history from Oberlin College. Among other pursuits she s

Being a “gracious professional” is the key to leadership, whether you’re an engineer, a scientist, or an MIT professor. As managing director of Stanford University's ***, this Renaissance woman spends her time developing “adaptive learners.” Olin College's first president (and first employee) has plenty to say about engineering—and education. Rethinking the MBA at Harvard Business School.

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