检索结果-内蒙古大学图书馆

arXiv 2025年

作者： Wang, Kai Gilmer, Gabrielle Araña, Matheus Cândia Iijima, Hirotaka Bergmann, Juliana Woollard, Antonio Mesits, Boris McGraw, Meghan Zoltowski, Brian Cappellaro, Paola Ungar, Alex Pekker, David Waldeck, David H. Saxena, Sunil Lloyd, Seth Ambrosio, Fabrisia Discovery Center for Musculoskeletal Recovery Schoen Adams Research Institute at Spaulding BostonMA United States Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital BostonMA United States Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation Harvard Medical School BostonMA United States Cellular and Molecular Pathology Graduate Program University of Pittsburgh PittsburghPA United States Medical Scientist Training Program School of Medicine University of Pittsburgh PittsburghPA United States École Polytechnique Institut Polytechnique de Paris Palaiseau France Department of Physics & Astronomy University of Pittsburgh PittsburghPA United States Department of Chemistry Southern Methodist University DallasTX United States Department of Nuclear Science and Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA02139 United States Department of Physics Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA02139 United States Department of Chemistry University of Pittsburgh PittsburghPA United States Department of Mechanical Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology BostonMA United States

Diverse organisms exploit the geomagnetic field (GMF) for migration. Migrating birds employ an intrinsically quantum mechanical mechanism for detecting the geomagnetic field: absorption of a blue photon generates a radical pair whose two electrons precess at different rates in the magnetic field, thereby sensitizing cells to the direction of the GMF. In this work, using an in vitro injury model, we discovered a quantum-based mechanism of cellular migration. Specifically, we show that migrating cells detect the GMF via an optically activated, electron spin-based mechanism. Cell injury provokes acute emission of blue photons, and these photons sensitize muscle progenitor cells to the magnetic field. We show that the magnetosensitivity of muscle progenitor cells is (a) activated by blue light, but not by green or red light, and (b) disrupted by the application of an oscillatory field at the frequency corresponding to the energy of the electron-spin/magnetic field interaction. A comprehensive analysis of protein expression reveals that the ability of blue photons to promote cell motility is mediated by activation of calmodulin calcium sensors. Collectively, these data suggest that cells possess a light-dependent magnetic compass driven by electron spin dynamics. © 2025, CC BY.

关键词： Spin dynamics

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Anomalous Floquet non-Hermitian skin effect in a ring resonator lattice

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2022年

作者： Gao, He Xue, Haoran Gu, Zhongming Li, Linhu Zhu, Weiwei Su, Zhongqing Zhu, Jie Zhang, Baile Chong, Y.D. Department of Mechanical Engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Kowloon Hong Kong Division of Physics and Applied Physics School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences Nanyang Technological University Singapore637371 Singapore Institute of Acoustics School of Physics Science and Engineering Tongji University Shanghai200092 China Zhuhai519082 China Department of Physics National University of Singapore Singapore117542 Singapore Centre for Disruptive Photonic Technologies Nanyang Technological University Singapore637371 Singapore

We present a one-dimensional coupled ring resonator lattice exhibiting a variant of the non-Hermitian skin effect (NHSE) that we call the anomalous Floquet NHSE. Unlike existing approaches to achieving the NHSE by engineering gain and loss on different ring segments, our design uses fixed on-site gain or loss in each ring. The anomalous Floquet NHSE is marked by the existence of skin modes at every value of the Floquet quasienergy, allowing for broadband asymmetric transmission. Varying the gain/loss induces a non-Hermitian topological phase transition, reversing the localization direction of the skin modes. An experimental implementation in an acoustic lattice yields good agreement with theoretical predictions, with a very broad relative bandwidth of around 40%. Copyright © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Optical resonators

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Improving Pediatric Low-Grade Neuroepithelial Tumors Molecular Subtype Identification Using a Novel AUROC Loss Function for Convolutional Neural Networks

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2024年

作者： Namdar, Khashayar Wagner, Matthias W. Hawkins, Cynthia Tabori, Uri Ertl-Wagner, Birgit B. Khalvati, Farzad TorontoON Canada Neurosciences & Mental Health Research Program SickKids Research Institute TorontoON Canada Department of Medical Imaging University of Toronto TorontoON Canada Institute of Medical Science University of Toronto TorontoON Canada Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology University Hospital Augsburg Germany Department of Paediatric Laboratory Medicine Division of Pathology The Hospital for Sick Children University of Toronto Canada Department of Neurooncology The Hospital for Sick Children TorontoON Canada Department of Computer Science University of Toronto TorontoON Canada Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering University of Toronto TorontoON Canada Vector Institute TorontoON Canada

Pediatric Low-Grade Neuroepithelial Tumors (PLGNT) are the most common pediatric cancer type, accounting for 40% of brain tumors in children, and identifying PLGNT molecular subtype is crucial for treatment planning. However, the gold standard to determine the PLGNT subtype is biopsy, which can be impractical or dangerous for patients. This research improves the performance of Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) in classifying PLGNT subtypes through MRI scans by introducing a loss function that specifically improves the model's Area Under the Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) Curve (AUROC), offering a non-invasive diagnostic alternative. In this study, a retrospective dataset of 339 children with PLGNT (143 BRAF fusion, 71 with BRAF V600E mutation, and 125 non-BRAF) was curated. We employed a CNN model with Monte Carlo random data splitting. The baseline model was trained using binary cross entropy (BCE), and achieved an AUROC of 86.11% for differentiating BRAF fusion and BRAF V600E mutations, which was improved to 87.71% using our proposed AUROC loss function (p-value 0.045). With multiclass classification, the AUROC improved from 74.42% to 76.59% (p-value 0.0016). Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Pediatrics

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Applications of theoretical calculations in alkali metal-ion battery investigation

引用

Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年

作者： Hanmei Zhang Xiaoxu Liu Tianyi Ji Jianxin Ran Yang Li Zexiang Shen Xiaofeng Wang College of Mechanical & Electrical Engineering Shaanxi University of Science and Technology Xi'an 710021 China Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Green Preparation and Functionalization for Inorganic Materials School of Material Science and Engineering Shaanxi University of Science and Technology Xi'an 710021 China Division of Physics and Applied Physics School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences Nanyang Technological University Singapore 637371 Singapore

Alkali metal-ion batteries, such as lithium-ion and sodium-ion batteries, have been widely recognized by both academia and industry for their high energy density, long cycle life, low self-discharge rate, and environmental friendliness. Theoretical calculations are crucial in elucidating the energy storage mechanism of alkali metal-ion batteries and in designing the next generation of high-performance energy storage systems. This article reviews the application of theoretical calculations in alkali metal-ion batteries. These calculations are instrumental for experimental researchers in understanding the microscopic design of electrode materials, optimizing various interfaces and electrolyte structures, and clarifying ion and electron transport behaviors as well as electrochemical reaction mechanisms. Specifically, researchers typically calculate the reduction reactions, charge state changes, and structural changes of cathode materials to predict their electrochemical reactivity and optimize their performance and stability. Calculations and simulations of alkali metal batteries focus on ion transport dynamics within the electrolyte, including energy level distribution, solvation structure, and molecular dynamics simulations. Analyzing oxidation reactions, ion diffusion, and volume changes in various alkali metal-ion battery anode materials enables the screening and design of new anode materials with superior electrochemical properties. This review also discusses the challenges of applying theoretical calculations in alkali metal-ion batteries and provides an outlook for future research. Critical insights are offered for advancing research paradigms that integrate theoretical and experimental approaches in the development of energy storage electrode materials.

关键词：

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Corrigendum to “Ignition delay time and speciation of dibutyl ether at high pressures” [Combust. Flame 223 (2021) 98-109]

引用

Combustion and Flame 2024年 266卷

作者： Khaiyom Hakimov Farhan Arafin Khalid Aljohani Khalil Djebbi Erik Ninnemann Subith S. Vasu Aamir Farooq Clean Combustion Research Center Physical Sciences and Engineering Division King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Thuwal 23955 Saudi Arabia Center for Advanced Turbomachinery and Energy Research (CATER) Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Department University of Central Florida 40 0 0 Central Florida Blvd Orlando FL 32816 USA Department of Mechanical Engineering College of Engineering in Al-Kharj Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University Al-kharj 11942 Saudi Arabia

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Figure-of-Merit for a Long-Term Survivorship of a Species Determined from the Short-Term Mortality Rate of Its Individual Organisms

引用

Biophysical Reviews and Letters 2021年第3期16卷 111-123页

作者： E. Suhir Bell Laboratories Physical Science and Engineering Research Division Murray Hill NJ USA Departments of Mechanical and Materials Engineering and Electrical and Computer Engineering Portland State University Portland OR USA Department of Applied Electronic Materials Institute of Sensors and Actuators Technical University Vienna Austria Mackay Institute of Research and Innovation James Cook University Townsville Queensland Australia ERS Co. 727 Alvina Ct. Los Altos CA 94024 USA

The two analytical (“mathematical”) probabilistic predictive models considered in this analysis suggest that (1) the nonrandom time-derivative of the long-term mortality rate at a rather arbitrary initial moment of time for a particular type of species of interest can be viewed as a suitable physical or biological criterion, a sort of a figure of merit (FoM), of its long-term viability/survivorship and that (2) this derivative can be determined as the variance of the random mortality rate for the significantly shorter, of course, lifespan of the individual organisms that the type of species as a whole, addressed by the first model, is comprised of. This suggestion is obtained as a modification and extension of and as an “analogy” to a concept that the author developed earlier in application to microelectronics products. So, it is assumed in our approach that the long-term survivorship of a species comprised of numerous individual organisms is analogous to the long-term performance of an electronic product comprised of numerous mass-produced components. In the original research, it was shown that the time-derivative at the initial moment of time of the nonrandom infant mortality portion (IMP) of the bathtub curve (BTC) for an electronic product is, in effect, the variance of the random failure rate (RFR) of the mass-produced components that this product is comprised of, and it is assumed that such an analogy is applicable also to the long-term survivorship of a species comprised of numerous individual organisms. The larger this variance, the shorter is the expected long-term lifetime (survivorship) of the species as a whole. Future work should be focused, first of all, on the verification of the trustworthiness of our basic assumption for different species, including humans, and on the accumulation of statistical data for long-term survivorship of various species and their existing or future habitats, with consideration of the roles of gravity, temperature, level of

关键词： Evolutionary biology figure-of-merit survivorship of species mortality rate individual organisms probabilistic approach

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

High-temperature mid-IR absorption and reaction kinetics of 2-methyl-1,3-dioxolane: An experimental and theoretical study

引用

Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology 2023年 13卷

作者： Adil, Mohammad Giri, Binod Raj Mai, Tam V.-T. Szőri, Milán Huynh, Lam K. Farooq, Aamir Mechanical Engineering Program Physical Science and Engineering Division King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal 23955-6900 Saudi Arabia KAUST Clean Combustion Research Center King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Saudi Arabia Molecular Science and Nano-Materials Lab Institute for Computational Science and Technology SBI Building Quang Trung Software City Tan Chanh Hiep Ward District 12 Ho Chi Minh Viet Nam University of Science Vietnam National University – HCMC 227 Nguyen Van Cu Ward 4 District 5 Ho Chi Minh Viet Nam Vietnam National University – HCMC Quarter 6 Linh Trung Ward Thu Duc Ho Chi Minh Viet Nam Institute of Chemistry University of Miskolc Egyetemváros A/2 Miskolc H-3515 Hungary School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering International University Quarter 6 Linh Trung Ward Thu Duc City Ho Chi Minh City Viet Nam

This work reports the mid-IR spectroscopy and reaction kinetics of 2-methyl-1,3-dioxolane (2M13DO). We carried out spectroscopic measurements to deduce temperature-dependent absorption cross-sections of 2M13DO over a broad wavelength range of 8.4–10.5 μm (950–1190 cm⁻¹). For these measurements, we employed a rapidly tuning MIRcat-QT™ laser that can be operated either at a fixed wavelength or scanned mode over wide wavelength regions. By operating the laser at a fixed wavelength, we monitored the decay of 2M13DO behind reflected shock waves over T₅ = 1050–1400 K and P₅ = 0.7 and 2.6 bar. Our measured concentration time-histories of 2M13DO allowed us to directly extract the overall rate coefficients for the unimolecular decomposition of 2M13DO using the first-order rate law. We did not observe any pressure dependence in the measured rate coefficients, indicating that the reaction is close to the high-pressure limit. By employing the W1U composite method, we explored the important pyrolysis reaction pathways of 2M13DO in the reactive potential energy surface. Three important reaction channels, namely, 2M13DO → CH₂[dbnd]CHOCH₂CH₂OH (IM1), 2M13DO → 2CH₃CHO (P3), 2M13DO → CH₃ + 1,3-dioxolan-2-yl (P4) were identified. Below 700 K, IM1 forming channel is dominant, whereas CH₃CHO formation is dominant under our experimental conditions. Above 1500 K, the radical forming channel (CH₃+P4) takes over other channels. At higher temperatures, the contribution of the radical forming channel continually increases, accounting for ∼ 99% at 2000 K. We used the stochastic RRKM-ME model to predict the pressure and temperature dependence of the rate coefficients, k(T, P), and time-resolved species profiles. Our theory showed excellent agreement with the measured rate coefficients. These are the first direct determination of the rate coefficients of the unimolecular decomposition of

关键词： 2-Methyl-1,3-dioxolane Absorption spectra High-temperature Pyrolysis RRKM-ME calculations Shock tube

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Diamine Surface Passivation and Post-Annealing Enhance Performance of Silicon-Perovskite Tandem Solar Cells

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2024年

作者： Taddei, Margherita Contreras, Hannah Doan, Hai-Nam McCarthy, Declan P. Seo, Seongrok Westbrook, Robert J.E. Graham, Daniel J. Datta, Kunal Carroy, Perrine Muñoz, Delfina Correa-Baena, Juan-Pablo Barlow, Stephen Marder, Seth R. Smith, Joel A. Snaith, Henry J. Ginger, David S. Department of Chemistry University of Washington SeattleWA98195 United States Department of Physics University of Oxford OxfordOX1 3PU United Kingdom Institute of Materials Science Technical University of Munich München85748 Germany Department of Chemistry University of Colorado-Boulder BoulderCO80309 United States Department of Bioengineering University of Washington SeattleWA98195 United States School of Materials Science and Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology North Ave NW AtlantaGA30332 United States Université Grenoble Alpes CEA Liten Campus Ines Le Bourget du Lac73375 France Renewable and Sustainable Energy Institute University of Colorado-Boulder BoulderCO80309 United States Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering and Materials Science Program University of Colorado-Boulder BoulderCO80309 United States Physical Sciences Division Physical and Computational Sciences Directorate Pacific Northwest National Laboratory RichlandWA99352 United States

We show that the use of 1,3-diaminopropane (DAP) as a chemical modifier at the perovskite/electron-transport layer (ETL) interface enhances the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 1.7 eV bandgap FACs mixed-halide perovskite single-junction cells, primarily by boosting the open-circuit voltage (VOC) from 1.06 V to 1.15 V. Adding a post-processing annealing step after C60 evaporation, further improves the fill factor (FF) by 20% from the control to the DAP + post-annealing devices. Using hyperspectral photoluminescence microscopy, we demonstrate that annealing helps improve compositional homogeneity at the top and bottom interfaces of the solar cell, which prevents detrimental bandgap pinning in the devices and improves C60 adhesion. Using time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry, we show that DAP reacts with formamidinium present near the surface of the perovskite lattice to form a larger molecular cation, 1,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrimidinium (THP) that remains at the interface. Combining the use of DAP and the annealing of C60 interface, we fabricate Si-perovskite tandems with PCE of 25.29%, compared to 23.26% for control devices. Our study underscores the critical role of chemical reactivity and thermal post-processing of the C60/Lewis-base passivator interface in minimizing device losses and advancing solar-cell performance of wide-bandgap mixed-cation mixed-halide perovskite for tandem application. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Perovskite

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Photoexcitation-Enhanced High-Ionic Conductivity in Polymer Electrolytes for Flexible, All-Solid-State Lithium-Metal Batteries Operating at Room Temperature

引用

Angewandte Chemie 2024年第5期137卷

作者： Rong-Hao Wang Dr. Weiyi Wang Yu-Zhen Zhang Prof. Dr. Wei Hu Liang Yue Jia-Hao Ni Dr. Wan-Qun Zhang Prof. Dr. Gang Pei Prof. Dr. Shangfeng Yang Dr. Li-Feng Chen Division of Nanomaterials & Chemistry Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale School of Chemistry and Materials Science CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Materials (LMBD) School of Engineering Science University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 Anhui China These authors contributed equally.

Designing solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs) with high ionic conductivity for room-temperature operation is essential for advancing flexible all-solid-state energy storage devices. Innovative strategies are urgently required to develop SPEs that are safe, stable, and high-performing. In this work, we introduce photoexcitation-modulated heterojunctions as catalytically active fillers within SPEs, guided by photocatalytic design principles, and meanwhile employ natural bacterial cellulose to improve the compatibility with poly(ethylene oxide), improve the coordination environment of lithium salts, and optimize both ion transport and mechanical properties. In situ photothermal experiments and theoretical calculations reveal that the strong photogenerated electric field produced by trace heterojunctions within poly(ethylene oxide) electrolytes under photoexcitation significantly enhances lithium salt dissociation, increasing the concentration of mobile Li + . This results in a substantial increase in ionic conductivity, reaching 0.135 mS cm −1 at 25 °C, with a Li + transference number as high as 0.46. The flexible all-solid-state lithium-metal pouch cells exhibit an impressive discharge capacity of 178.8 mAh g −1 even after repeated bending and folding, and demonstrate exceptional long-term cycling stability, retaining 86.7 % of their initial capacity after 250 cycles at 1 C (25 °C). This research offers a novel approach to developing high-performance flexible lithium-metal batteries.

关键词： flexible all-solid-state lithium-metal batteries photoexcitation modulation natural bacterial cellulose solid-polymer-based electrolyte electrochemical energy storage device

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

aflow++: A C++ framework for autonomous materials design

引用

Computational Materials science 2023年 217卷

作者： Oses, Corey Esters, Marco Hicks, David Divilov, Simon Eckert, Hagen Friedrich, Rico Mehl, Michael J. Smolyanyuk, Andriy Campilongo, Xiomara van de Walle, Axel Schroers, Jan Kusne, A. Gilad Takeuchi, Ichiro Zurek, Eva Nardelli, Marco Buongiorno Fornari, Marco Lederer, Yoav Levy, Ohad Toher, Cormac Curtarolo, Stefano Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science Duke University DurhamNC27708 United States Center for Autonomous Materials Design Duke University DurhamNC27708 United States LIFT American Lightweight Materials Manufacturing Innovation Institute DetroitMI48216 United States Institute of Ion Beam Physics and Materials Research Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf Dresden01328 Germany Theoretical Chemistry Technische Universität Dresden Dresden01062 Germany Institute of Solid State Physics Technische Universität Wien WienA-1040 Austria School of Engineering Brown University ProvidenceRI02912 United States Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science Yale University New HavenCT06511 United States Materials Measurement Science Division National Institute of Standards and Technology GaithersburgMD20899 United States Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Maryland College Park MD20742 United States Department of Chemistry State University of New York at Buffalo BuffaloNY14260 United States Department of Physics and Department of Chemistry University of North Texas DentonTX76203 United States Santa Fe Institute Santa FeNM87501 United States Department of Physics and Science of Advanced Materials Program Central Michigan University Mount PleasantMI48859 United States Department of Physics NRCN Beer-Sheva84190 Israel Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Texas at Dallas RichardsonTX75080 United States

The realization of novel technological opportunities given by computational and autonomous materials design requires efficient and effective frameworks. For more than two decades, aflow++ (Automatic-Flow Framework for Materials Discovery) has provided an interconnected collection of algorithms and workflows to address this challenge. This article contains an overview of the software and some of its most heavily-used functionalities, including algorithmic details, standards, and examples. Key thrusts are highlighted: the calculation of structural, electronic, thermodynamic, and thermomechanical properties in addition to the modeling of complex materials, such as high-entropy ceramics and bulk metallic glasses. The aflow++ software prioritizes interoperability, minimizing the number of independent parameters and tolerances. It ensures consistency of results across property sets — facilitating machine learning studies. The software also features various validation schemes, offering real-time quality assurance for data generated in a high-throughput fashion. Altogether, these considerations contribute to the development of large and reliable materials databases that can ultimately deliver future materials systems. © 2022

关键词： Machine learning

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

建议与咨询留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

时间限定

文献类型

馆藏选择

核心期刊

语言

文献类型

帮助

文字说明：

检索规则说明：

检索范例：

分类表

所选分类

限定检索结果

文献类型

馆藏范围

日期分布

学科分类号

主题

机构

作者

语言

请选择保存的检索档案：

请选择收藏分类：

通借通还

建议与咨询 留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

时间限定

文献类型

馆藏选择

核心期刊

语言

文献类型

帮助

文字说明：

检索规则说明：

检索范例：

分类表

所选分类

限定检索结果

文献类型

馆藏范围

日期分布

学科分类号

主题

机构

作者

语言

请选择保存的检索档案： 新增检索档案 确定 取消

请选择收藏分类： 新增自定义分类 确定 取消

通借通还

建议与咨询留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

请选择保存的检索档案：

请选择收藏分类：