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arXiv 2024年

作者： Acharya, Gokul Neupane, Bimal Hsu, Chia-Hsiu Yang, Xian P. Graf, David Choi, Eun Sang Pandey, Krishna Un Nabi, Md Rafique Chhetri, Santosh Karki Basnet, Rabindra Rahman, Sumaya Wang, Jian Hu, Zhengxin Da, Bo H., Churchill G., Chang M.Z., Hasan Y., Wang J., Hu Department of Physics University of Arkansas FayettevilleAR United States Department of Physics University of North Texas DentonTX United States Division of Physics and Applied Physics School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences Nanyang Technological University Singapore Singapore Okinawa904-0495 Japan Department of Physics Princeton University PrincetonNJ United States National High Magnetic Field Lab TallahasseeFL United States Materials Science and Engineering Program Institute for Nanoscience and Engineering University of Arkansas FayettevilleAR United States MonArk NSF Quantum Foundry University of Arkansas FayettevilleAR United States Department of Chemistry & Physics University of Arkansas at Pine Bluff Pine BluffAR71603 United States Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Wichita State University WichitaKS United States Ibaraki Tsukuba Japan Department of Chemistry University of Cambridge Cambridge United Kingdom Princeton Institute for Science and Technology of Materials Princeton University PrincetonNJ United States Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory BerkeleyCA United States

Magnetotransport, the response of electrical conduction to external magnetic field, acts as an important tool to reveal fundamental concepts behind exotic phenomena and plays a key role in enabling spintronic applications. Magnetotransport is generally sensitive to magnetic field orientations. In contrast, efficient and isotropic modulation of electronic transport, which is useful in technology applications such as omnidirectional sensing, is rarely seen, especially for pristine crystals. Here we propose a strategy to realize extremely strong modulation of electron conduction by magnetic field which is independent of field direction. GdPS, a layered antiferromagnetic semiconductor with resistivity anisotropies, supports a field-driven insulator-to-metal transition with a paradoxically isotropic gigantic negative magnetoresistance insensitive to magnetic field orientations. This isotropic magnetoresistance originates from the combined effects of a near-zero spin-orbit coupling of Gd3+-based half-filling f-electron system and the strong on-site f-d exchange coupling in Gd atoms. Our results not only provide a novel material system with extraordinary magnetotransport that offers a missing block for antiferromagnet-based ultrafast and efficient spintronic devices, but also demonstrate the key ingredients for designing magnetic materials with desired transport properties for advanced functionalities. © 2024, CC BY-NC-SA.

关键词： Magnetoresistance

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Simultaneously Strengthening and Toughening All-Natural Structural Materials via 3D Nanofiber Network Interfacial Design

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Angewandte Chemie 2024年第48期136卷

作者： Dr. Huai-Bin Yang Xiang Zhao Quan Wang Yu-Hong Ruan Zhao-Xiang Liu Xin Yue Dr. Yin Bo Zhu Prof. Heng An Wu Dr. Qing-Fang Guan Prof. Shu-Hong Yu Department of Chemistry New Cornerstone Science Laboratory Institute of Biomimetic Materials & Chemistry Anhui Engineering Laboratory of Biomimetic Materials Division of Nanomaterials & Chemistry Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale. University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Materials Department of Modern Mechanics University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230027 China Institute of Innovative Materials (I2 M) Department of Materials Science and Engineering Department of Chemistry Southern University of Science and Technology. Shenzhen 518055 China

Constructing structural materials from sustainable raw materials is considered an efficient way to reduce the potential threat posed by plastics. Nevertheless, challenges remain regarding combining excellent mechanical and thermal properties, especially the balance of strength and toughness. Here, we report a 3D nanofiber network interfacial design strategy to strengthen and toughen all-natural structural materials simultaneously. The introduced protonated chitosan at the interface between the surface oxidized 3D nanonetwork of bacterial cellulose forms the interfacial interlocking structure of nanonetworks, achieving a robust physical connection and providing enough physical contact sites for chemical crosslinking. The obtained sustainable structural material successfully integrates excellent mechanical and thermal properties on the nanoscale of cellulose nanofibers, such as light weight, high strength, and superior thermal expansion coefficient. The relationship between structural design and comprehensive mechanical property improvement is analyzed in detail, providing a universal perspective to design sustainable high-performance structural materials from nanoscale building blocks.

关键词： Interfacial design Nanonetwork Strength and toughness Bacterial cellulose Biodegradable

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Light-driven C-H activation mediated by 2D transition metal dichalcogenides

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Li, Jingang Zhang, Di Guo, Zhongyuan Jiang, Xi Larson, Jonathan M. Zhu, Haoyue Zhang, Tianyi Gu, Yuqian Blankenship, Brian Chen, Min Wu, Zilong Huang, Suichu Kostecki, Robert Minor, Andrew M. Grigoropoulos, Costas P. Akinwande, Deji Terrones, Mauricio Redwing, Joan M. Li, Hao Zheng, Yuebing Materials Science & Engineering Program Texas Materials Institute Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering The University of Texas at Austin AustinTX78712 United States Laser Thermal Laboratory Department of Mechanical Engineering University of California BerkeleyCA94720 United States Tohoku University Sendai980-8577 Japan Materials Sciences Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory BerkeleyCA94720 United States Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Baylor University WacoTX76798 United States Department of Materials Science and Engineering The Pennsylvania State University University ParkPA16802 United States Chandra Family Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering The University of Texas at Austin AustinTX78712 United States Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of California BerkeleyCA94720 United States Energy Storage and Distributed Resources Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory BerkeleyCA94720 United States National Center for Electron Microscopy Molecular Foundry Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory BerkeleyCA94720 United States Center for Two-Dimensional and Layered Materials The Pennsylvania State University University ParkPA16802 United States Department of Physics Department of Chemistry The Pennsylvania State University University ParkPA16802 United States 2D Crystal Consortium Materials Research Institute The Pennsylvania State University University ParkPA16802 United States

C-H bond activation enables the facile synthesis of new chemicals. While C-H activation in short-chain alkanes has been widely investigated, it remains largely unexplored for long-chain organic molecules. Here, we report light-driven C-H activation in complex organic materials mediated by 2D transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) and the resultant solid-state synthesis of luminescent carbon dots in a spatially-resolved fashion. We unravel the efficient H adsorption and a lowered energy barrier of C-C coupling mediated by 2D TMDCs to promote C-H activation. Our results shed light on 2D materials for C-H activation in organic compounds for applications in organic chemistry, environmental remediation, and photonic materials. © 2022, CC BY-NC-SA.

关键词： Chemical activation

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The joint automated repository for various integrated simulations (JARVIS) for data-driven materials design

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npj Computational Materials 2020年第1期6卷 234-246页

作者： Kamal Choudhary Kevin F.Garrity Andrew C.E.Reid Brian DeCost Adam J.Biacchi Angela R.Hight Walker Zachary Trautt Jason Hattrick-Simpers A.Gilad Kusne Andrea Centrone Albert Davydov Jie Jiang Ruth Pachter Gowoon Cheon Evan Reed Ankit Agrawal Xiaofeng Qian Vinit Sharma Houlong Zhuang Sergei V.Kalinin Bobby G.Sumpter Ghanshyam Pilania Pinar Acar Subhasish Mandal Kristjan Haule David Vanderbilt Karin Rabe Francesca Tavazza Materials Measurement Laboratory National Institute of Standards and TechnologyGaithersburgMD 20899USA Theiss Research La JollaCA 92037USA Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of MarylandCollege ParkMD 20742USA Physical Measurement Laboratory National Institute of Standards and TechnologyGaithersburgMD 20899USA Materials and Manufacturing Directorate Air Force Research LaboratoryWright–Patterson Air Force BaseDaytonOH 45433USA Department of Materials Science and Engineering Stanford UniversityStanfordCA 94305USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Northwestern UniversityEvanstonIL 60208USA Department of Materials Science and Engineering Texas A&M UniversityTexasTX 77843USA Joint Institute for Computational Sciences University of TennesseeKnoxvilleTN 37996USA National Institute for Computational Sciences Oak Ridge National LaboratoryOak RidgeTN 37831USA School for Engineering of Matter Transport and Energy Arizona State UniversityTempeAZ 85287USA Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences Oak Ridge National LaboratoryOak RidgeTN 37831USA Materials Science and Technology Division Los Alamos National LabLos AlamosNM 87545USA Department of Mechanical Engineering Virginia TechBlacksburgVA 24061USA Department of Physics and Astronomy Rutgers UniversityPiscatawayNJ 08901USA

The Joint Automated Repository for Various Integrated Simulations(JARVIS)is an integrated infrastructure to accelerate materials discovery and design using density functional theory(DFT),classical force-fields(FF),and machine learning(ML)*** is motivated by the Materials Genome Initiative(MGI)principles of developing open-access databases and tools to reduce the cost and development time of materials discovery,optimization,and deployment.

关键词： automated JAR databases

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Application of Emerging Innovations in Microbiome science to Space Development and Settlement Systems 73

Application of Emerging Innovations in Microbiome Science to...

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73rd International Astronautical Congress, IAC 2022

作者： Nastasi, Nicholas Anderson, Matthew Z. Balasubrahmaniam, Neeraja Bope, Ashleigh Britt, Rodney D. Cochran, Samuel J. Gill, Samuel J. Hegarty, Bridget Lee, Jiyoung Stamps, Blake W. Stickney, Amanda Taylor, Christopher G. Tram, Nguyen K. Van Dusen, John Varaljay, Vanessa A. Weir, Mark H. Horack, John M. Oglesbee, Michael Sullivan, Matthew B. Dannemiller, Karen C. Department of Civil Environmental & Geodetic Engineering Ohio State University ColumbusOH United States Division of Environmental Health Sciences College of Public Health Ohio State University ColumbusOH United States Environmental Sciences Graduate Program Ohio State University ColumbusOH United States Department of Microbiology College of Arts and Sciences Ohio State University ColumbusOH United States Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity Ohio State University ColumbusOH United States Center for Perinatal Research The Abigail Wexner Research Institute Nationwide Children's Hospital Department of Pediatrics Ohio State University ColumbusOH United States Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Case School of Engineering Case Western Reserve University ClevelandOH United States Department of Food Science and Technology Ohio State University ColumbusOH United States Infectious Diseases Institute Ohio State University ColumbusOH United States Soft Matter Materials Branch Materials and Manufacturing Directorate Air Force Research Laboratory Wright - Patterson AFBOH United States Department of Plant Pathology College of Food Agriculture and Environmental Science Ohio State University ColumbusOH United States Department of Anesthesiology & Pain Medicine Nationwide Children's Hospital ColumbusOH United States Airman Systems Directorate 711th Human Performance Wing Air Force Research Laboratory WPAFBOH United States Sustainability Institute Ohio State University ColumbusOH United States Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering College of Engineering John Glenn College of Public Affairs Ohio State University ColumbusOH United States Department of Veterinary Biosciences College of Veterinary Medicine Ohio State University ColumbusOH United States Center of Microbiome Science Ohio State University ColumbusOH United States

Future human spaceflight beyond low-Earth orbit will bring substantial changes and new requirements to the development of fully sustainable, healthy indoor human environments across a range of gravitational, radiative, and thermal conditions. One key aspect is understanding (and potentially leveraging) microorganisms that must coexist with humans, plants, and animals in enclosed habitats (their microbiota or microbiomes). Modern, genome-resolved microbiome science provides an opportunity to better understand how we can utilize microbes to optimize space missions and protect human health and well-being long-term. Microorganisms will be critical to mission success due to their direct or indirect interactions with 1) humans, 2) other living systems (e.g., plant and animal life as a food source and for experimentation), and 3) the built environment. For example, the human gut microbiome is a complex community that has important implications for human health and performance that include mental health, nutrition intake, and immune system function. The health of plant microbiomes is also critical for sustainable, dependable, and nutritious food production. Humans, plants, and other living systems (e.g., animals used in experimentation) will also shed microbes into the built environment, which may impact human exposure, plant health, system integrity, and planetary protection from microbial contamination in both forward and reverse directions. Microbes from all three systems will interact, resulting in potentially important 'non-linear' system implications that must be understood for the overall long-term sustainability of hardware, crew, and other living systems. This paper discusses recent advances in technology that expand measurement capabilities to ultra-low-biomass samples and now allow for better understanding of microbial taxa, community structure and drivers, and functional capacity, which together will empower microbiome-optimized deep-space human exploration miss

关键词： Bacteria

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A Mechanized Pediatric Elbow Joint Powered by a De-Based Artificial Skeletal Muscle*

A Mechanized Pediatric Elbow Joint Powered by a De-Based Art...

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Annual International Conference of the IEEE engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC)

作者： A. Behboodi C. DeSantis J. Lubsen S.C.K. Lee Venture Development Center University of Delaware Newark DE USA Mechanical Engineering Department University of Delaware Newark DE USA Departments of Physical Therapy Biomedical Engineering and Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Biomechanics and Movement Science University of Delaware Newark DE USA

ISBN: (数字)9781728119908

ISBN: (纸本)9781728119915

To increase the acceptability of exoskeletons, there is growing attention toward finding an alternative soft actuator that can safely perform at close vicinity of the human body. In this study, we investigated the capability of the dielectric elastomer actuators (DEAs), for muscle-like actuation of rehabilitation robots. First, an artificial skeletal muscle was configured using commercially available stacked DEAs arranged in a 3×4 array of three parallel fibers consisting of four DEAs connected in series. The shortening and force generation capabilities of this artificial muscle were then measured. An alternate 3×5 version of this muscle was mounted on the forearm of an upper extremity phantom model to actuate its elbow joint. The actuation capability of this muscle was then tested under various tensile loads, 1 N to 4 N, placed at the center of mass of the forearm+hand of the phantom model. The active range of motion and angular velocity of the phantom model's tip of the hand were measured using a motion capture system. The 3×4 artificial muscle produced 30.47 N of force and 5.3 mm of maximum shortening. The 3×5 artificial muscle was capable of actuating the elbow flexion 19.5 o with 16.2 o /s angular velocity in the sagittal plane, under a 1 N tensile load. The active range of motion was substantially reduced as the tensile loads increased, which limits the capability of these muscles in the current upper extremity exoskeleton design.

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Model predictions of wave overwash extent into the marginal ice zone

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Pitt, Jordan P.A. Bennetts, Luke G. Meylan, Michael H. Massom, Robert A. Toffoli, Alessandro School of Mathematical Sciences University of Adelaide AdelaideSA5005 Australia School of Information and Physical Sciences The University of Newcastle CallaghanNSW2308 Australia Australian Antarctic Division KingstonTAS7050 Australia Australian Antarctic Program Partnership Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies University of Tasmania HobartTAS7001 Australia The Australian Centre for Excellence in Antarctic Science University of Tasmania HobartTAS7001 Australia Department of Infrastructure Engineering University of Melbourne ParkvilleVIC3052 Australia

A model of the extent of wave driven overwash into fields of sea ice floes is proposed. The extent model builds on previous work modelling wave overwash of a single floe by regular waves by including irregular incoming waves and random floe fields. The model is validated against a laboratory experiment. It is then used to study the extent of wave overwash into marginal ice zones consisting of pancake and fragmented floe fields. The effects of wave conditions and floe geometry on predicted extents are investigated. Finally, the model is used to predict the wave overwash extent for the conditions observed during a winter (July) 2017 Antarctic voyage in which the sea surface was monitored by a stereo-camera system. Copyright © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Sea ice

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Safety and Optimality in Learning-Based Control At Low Computational Cost

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IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control 2025年

作者： Baumann, Dominik Kowalczyk, Krzysztof Rojas, Cristian R. Tiels, Koen Wachel, Pawel Aalto University Cyber-physical Systems Group Espoo Finland Uppsala University Department of Information Technology Uppsala Sweden Wroc Law University of Science and Technology Department of Control Systems and Mechatronics Wroclaw Poland Kth Royal Institute of Technology Division of Decision and Control Systems Stockholm Sweden Eindhoven University of Technology Department of Mechanical Engineering Eindhoven Netherlands

Applying machine learning methods to physical systems that are supposed to act in the real world requires providing safety guarantees. However, methods that include such guarantees often come at a high computational cost, making them inapplicable to large datasets and embedded devices with low computational power. In this paper, we propose Colsafe, a computationally lightweight safe learning algorithm whose computational complexity grows sublinearly with the number of data points. We derive both safety and optimality guarantees and showcase the effectiveness of our algorithm on a seven-degrees-of-freedom robot arm. © 1963-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Learning algorithms

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Cover Picture: Highly Dispersed Pd@ZIF-8 for Photo-Assisted Cross-Couplings and CO2to Methanol: Activity and Selectivity Insights (Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 48/2024)

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Angewandte Chemie International Edition 2024年第48期63卷

作者： Vijay K. Velisoju Enrique V. Ramos-Fernández Rajesh Kancherla Rafia Ahmad Kuntal Pal Hend Mohamed Jose L. Cerrillo Mark J. Meijerink Luigi Cavallo Magnus Rueping Pedro Castaño Multiscale Reaction Engineering KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC) King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal 23955-6900 Saudi Arabia KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC) King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal 23955-6900 Saudi Arabia Laboratorio de Materiales Avanzados Departamento de Química Inorgánica—Instituto Universitario de Materiales de Alicante Universidad de Alicante Apartado 99 E-03080 Alicante Spain Chemical Engineering Program Physical Science and Engineering (PSE) Division KAUST Thuwal 23955-6900 Saudi Arabia

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Titelbild: Highly Dispersed Pd@ZIF-8 for Photo-Assisted Cross-Couplings and CO2to Methanol: Activity and Selectivity Insights (Angew. Chem. 48/2024)

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Angewandte Chemie 2024年第48期136卷

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