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An efficient multigrid-DEIM semi-reduced-order model for simulation of single-phase compressible flow in porous media

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Petroleum science 2021年第3期18卷 923-938页

作者： Jing-Fa Li Bo Yu Dao-Bing Wang Shu-Yu Sun Dong-Liang Sun School of Mechanical Engineering Beijing Key Laboratory of Pipeline Critical Technology and Equipment for Deepwater Oil and Gas DevelopmentBeijing Institute of Petrochemical TechnologyBeijing 102617China Division of Physical Science and Engineering King Abdullah University of Science and TechnologyThuwal 23955-6900Saudi Arabia

In this paper,an efcient multigrid-DEIM semi-reduced-order model is developed to accelerate the simulation of unsteady single-phase compressible fow in porous *** cornerstone of the proposed model is that the full approximate storage multigrid method is used to accelerate the solution of fow equation in original full-order space,and the discrete empirical interpolation method(DEIM)is applied to speed up the solution of Peng-Robinson equation of state in reduced-order *** multigrid-DEIM semi-reduced-order model combines the computation both in full-order space and in reducedorder subspace,which not only preserves good prediction accuracy of full-order model,but also gains dramatic computational acceleration by multigrid and *** performances including accuracy and acceleration of the proposed model are carefully evaluated by comparing with that of the standard semi-implicit *** addition,the selection of interpolation points for constructing the low-dimensional subspace for solving the Peng-Robinson equation of state is demonstrated and carried out in *** results indicate that the multigrid-DEIM semi-reduced-order model can speed up the simulation substantially at the same time preserve good computational accuracy with negligible *** general acceleration is up to 50-60 times faster than that of standard semi-implicit method in two-dimensional simulations,but the average relative errors of numerical results between these two methods only have the order of magnitude 10^(−4)-10^(−6)%.

关键词： Compressible fow Porous media Multigrid method Discrete empirical interpolation method Peng-Robinson equation of state

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2D nanomaterials assembled from sequence-defined molecules

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Nano-Structures and Nano-Objects 2018年 15卷 153-166页

作者： Mu, Peng Zhou, Guangwen Chen, Chun-Long Physical Sciences Division Pacific Northwest National Laboratory Richland 99352 WA United States Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science and Engineering Program State University of New York Binghamton 13902 NY United States

Two dimensional (2D) nanomaterials have attracted broad interest owing to their unique physical and chemical properties with potential applications in electronics, chemistry, biology, medicine and pharmaceutics. Due to the current limitations of traditional 2D nanomaterials (e.g., graphene and graphene oxide) in tuning surface chemistry and compositions, 2D nanomaterials assembled from sequence-defined molecules (e.g., DNAs, proteins, peptides and peptoids) have recently been developed. They represent an emerging class of 2D nanomaterials with attractive physical and chemical properties. In this mini-review, we summarize the recent progress in the synthesis and applications of this type of sequence-defined 2D nanomaterials. The challenges and opportunities in this new field are also discussed. © 2017

关键词： 2D nanomaterials Self-assembly Sequence-defined molecules Surface chemistry

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In-Situ Formation of Three-Dimensional Network Intrinsic Microporous Ladder Polymer Membranes with Ultra-High Gas Separation Performance and Anti-Trade-Off Effect

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Angewandte Chemie 2025年第6期137卷

作者： Luxin Sun Wei Xu Prof. Hongjun Zhang Jiachen Chu Mengtao Wang Kai Song Wenjie Wu Prof. Jianxin Li Dr. Yingge Wang Prof. Ingo Pinnau Prof. Xiaohua Ma State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes School of Materials Science and Engineering Tiangong University Tianjin 300387 P. R. China State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics & Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale University of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui 230026 P.R. China Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials Center Chemical Engineering Program Physical Science and Engineering Division King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Thuwal 23955-6900 Saudi Arabia

The global quest for clean energy and sustainable processes makes advanced membrane extremely attractive for energy-intensive industrial gas separations. Here, we disclose a series of ultra-high-performance gas separation membranes (PIM-3D-TB) from novel network polymers of intrinsic microporosity (PIM) that combine the advantages of solution processible PIM and small pore size distribution (PSD) of porous organic polymers (POP), which was synthesized by in situ copolymerization of triptycene-2,6-diamine as linear part and triptycene-2,6,13(14)-triamine (TTA) as crosslinker. The resulting PIM-3D-TB membranes demonstrated outstanding separation properties that outperformed the latest trade-off lines for H 2 /CH 4 and O 2 /N 2 . They also showed an anti-trade-off effect by simultaneously enhancing gas permeability and gas-pair selectivity with increasing TTA content. The TTA crosslinking node increased the microporosity, and, shifted the PSD from the ultramicropore (<7 Å) toward the more size sieving submicropore (<4 Å) region. The post-treated TTA-75 displayed an exceptional H 2 permeability of 8000 Barrer and H 2 /CH 4 selectivity of 208. These PIM-3D-TB membranes and their design protocol have unparalleled potential in the next generation of membranes for hydrogen purification and air separations.

关键词： Polymers of intrinsic microporosity 3D network membrane gas separation molecular sieving

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Balancing Surface Chemistry and Flake Size of MXene-Based Electrodes for Bioelectrochemical Reactors (Small 20/2025)

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Small 2025年第20期21卷

作者： Pewee. D. Kolubah Hend Omar Mohamed Ananda Rao Hari Yue Ping Mohamed Ben Hassine Pia Dally M. Obaid Xiangming Xu Jehad K. El-Demellawi Pascal E. Saikaly Mario Lanza Noreddine Ghaffour Pedro Castaño Multiscale Reaction Engineering KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC) King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal 23955-6900 Saudi Arabia Water Desalination and Reuse Research Center Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering (BESE) Division King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Thuwal 23955-6900 Saudi Arabia Materials Science and Engineering Physical Science and Engineering King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal 23955-6900 Saudi Arabia Core Labs King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal 23955-6900 Saudi Arabia Saudi Aramco EXPEC Advanced Research Center P.O. Box 5000 Dhahran 31311 Saudi Arabia Center for Renewable Energy and Storage Technologies (CREST) King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal 239955-6900 Saudi Arabia Environmental Science and Engineering Program BESE King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Thuwal 23955-6900 Saudi Arabia Chemical Engineering Program Physical Science and Engineering (PSE) Division King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Thuwal 23955-6900 Saudi Arabia

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Towards practical applications of radiative cooling

Nature Reviews Clean Technology

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Nature Reviews Clean Technology 2025年第4期1卷 235-254页

作者： Kaijie Yang Lyu Zhou Pingfan Wu Issam Gereige Qiaoqiang Gan Sustainable Photonics Energy Research Lab Material Science Engineering Physical Science and Engineering Division King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Thuwal Saudi Arabia Department of Mechanical Engineering The University of Texas at Dallas Richardson TX USA Futurewei Technologies Inc. Basking Ridge NJ USA Research and Development Center Saudi Aramco Dhahran Saudi Arabia Center for Renewable Energy & Storage Technologies King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Thuwal Saudi Arabia

Radiative cooling (RC) technologies channel excess heat into outer space or cooler environments, potentially mitigating high temperatures in the built environment. However, despite progress in research, the transition from laboratory breakthroughs to widespread practical deployment remains challenging. In this Review, we aim to bridge the gap between theoretical studies and practical implementations of RC technology. Developments in material science and system architectures have begun to facilitate the transformation of RC technology from laboratory innovations towards real-world applications. We analyse three representative applications with different operation temperatures: thermal management of buildings (sub-ambient temperature), personal thermal comfort (near-ambient temperature) and solar-cell cooling (above-ambient temperature). We also discuss the current challenges and opportunities encountered in advancing RC technology for commercial use, such as ensuring that the technologies are economically viable, can be produced on large enough scales to meet the demands of the desired application and can perform effectively in a range of environments and weather conditions. For the widespread uptake of RC technologies to occur, collaboration among researchers, engineers and industry stakeholders is needed to design sustainable and scalable manufacturing processes and to develop standardized protocols for evaluating the performance of RC materials.

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Electron spin dynamics guide cell motility

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Wang, Kai Gilmer, Gabrielle Araña, Matheus Cândia Iijima, Hirotaka Bergmann, Juliana Woollard, Antonio Mesits, Boris McGraw, Meghan Zoltowski, Brian Cappellaro, Paola Ungar, Alex Pekker, David Waldeck, David H. Saxena, Sunil Lloyd, Seth Ambrosio, Fabrisia Discovery Center for Musculoskeletal Recovery Schoen Adams Research Institute at Spaulding BostonMA United States Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital BostonMA United States Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation Harvard Medical School BostonMA United States Cellular and Molecular Pathology Graduate Program University of Pittsburgh PittsburghPA United States Medical Scientist Training Program School of Medicine University of Pittsburgh PittsburghPA United States École Polytechnique Institut Polytechnique de Paris Palaiseau France Department of Physics & Astronomy University of Pittsburgh PittsburghPA United States Department of Chemistry Southern Methodist University DallasTX United States Department of Nuclear Science and Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA02139 United States Department of Physics Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA02139 United States Department of Chemistry University of Pittsburgh PittsburghPA United States Department of Mechanical Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology BostonMA United States

Diverse organisms exploit the geomagnetic field (GMF) for migration. Migrating birds employ an intrinsically quantum mechanical mechanism for detecting the geomagnetic field: absorption of a blue photon generates a radical pair whose two electrons precess at different rates in the magnetic field, thereby sensitizing cells to the direction of the GMF. In this work, using an in vitro injury model, we discovered a quantum-based mechanism of cellular migration. Specifically, we show that migrating cells detect the GMF via an optically activated, electron spin-based mechanism. Cell injury provokes acute emission of blue photons, and these photons sensitize muscle progenitor cells to the magnetic field. We show that the magnetosensitivity of muscle progenitor cells is (a) activated by blue light, but not by green or red light, and (b) disrupted by the application of an oscillatory field at the frequency corresponding to the energy of the electron-spin/magnetic field interaction. A comprehensive analysis of protein expression reveals that the ability of blue photons to promote cell motility is mediated by activation of calmodulin calcium sensors. Collectively, these data suggest that cells possess a light-dependent magnetic compass driven by electron spin dynamics. © 2025, CC BY.

关键词： Spin dynamics

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Effects of superhydrophobic sand mulching on evapotranspiration and phenotypic responses in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) plants under normal and reduced irrigation

Plant-Environment Interactions

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Plant-Environment Interactions 2022年第2期3卷 74-88页

作者： Odokonyero, Kennedy Gallo, Adair Dos Santos, Vinicius Mishra, Himanshu Environmental Science and Engineering Program Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering Division King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal Saudi Arabia Water Desalination and Reuse Center (WDRC) King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal Saudi Arabia Chemical Engineering Program Physical Science and Engineering Division King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal Saudi Arabia

Irrigated agriculture in arid and semi-arid regions is a vital contributor to the global food supply. However, these regions endure massive evaporative losses that are compensated by exploiting limited freshwater resources. To increase water-use efficiency in these giga-scale operations, plastic mulches are utilized;however, their non-biodegradability and eventual land-filling renders them unsustainable. In response, we have developed superhydrophobic sand (SHS) mulching technology that is comprised of sand grains or sandy soils with a nanoscale coating of paraffin wax. Here, we investigate the effects of 1 cm-thick SHS mulching on the evapotranspiration and phenotypic responses of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) plants as a model system under normal and reduced irrigation inside controlled growth chambers. Experimental results reveal that under either irrigation scenario, SHS mulching suppresses evaporation and enhances transpiration by 78% and 17%, respectively relative to the unmulched soil. Comprehensive phenotyping revealed that SHS mulching enhanced root xylem vessel diameter, stomatal aperture, stomatal conductance, and chlorophyll content index by 21%, 25%, 28%, and 23%, respectively, in comparison with the unmulched soil. Consequently, total fruit yields, total dry mass, and harvest index increased in SHS-mulched plants by 33%, 20%, and 16%, respectively compared with the unmulched soil. We also provide mechanistic insights into the effects of SHS mulching on plant physiological processes. These results underscore the potential of SHS for realizing food–water security and greening initiatives in arid regions. © 2022 The Authors. Plant-Environment Interactions published by New Phytologist Foundation and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

关键词： chlorophyll content index evapotranspiration food–water security mulching Solanum lycopersicum stomatal conductance superhydrophobic sand transpiration efficiency

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Flexible and biocompatible high-performance solid-state micro-battery for implantable orthodontic system

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npj Flexible Electronics 2017年第1期1卷 70-77页

作者： Arwa T.Kutbee Rabab R.Bahabry Kholod O.Alamoudi Mohamed T.Ghoneim Marlon D.Cordero Amani S.Almuslem Abdurrahman Gumus Elhadj M.Diallo Joanna M.Nassar Aftab M.Hussain Niveen M.Khashab Muhammad M.Hussain Integrated Nanotechnology Lab and Integrated Disruptive Electronic Applications(IDEA)Lab Material Science and EngineeringPhysical Science and Engineering DivisionKing Abdullah University of Science and Technology(KAUST)Thuwal 23955-6900Saudi Arabia Khashab Research Group Chemical SciencePhysical Science and Engineering DivisionKing Abdullah University of Science and Technology(KAUST)Thuwal 23955-6900Saudi Arabia Integrated Nanotechnology Lab and Integrated Disruptive Electronic Applications(IDEA)Lab Electrical EngineeringComputer Electrical and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering DivisionKing Abdullah University of Science and Technology(KAUST)Thuwal 23955-6900Saudi Arabia Integrated Nanotechnology Lab and Integrated Disruptive Electronic Applications(IDEA)Lab Mechanical EngineeringPhysical Science and Engineering DivisionKing Abdullah University of Science and Technology(KAUST)Thuwal 23955-6900Saudi Arabia KAUST Nanofabrication Core Lab King Abdullah University of Science and Technology(KAUST)Thuwal 23955-6900Saudi Arabia

To augment the quality of our life,fully compliant personalized advanced health-care electronic system is *** of the major requirements to implement such systems is a physically flexible high-performance biocompatible energy storage(battery).However,the status-quo options do not match all of these attributes simultaneously and we also lack in an effective integration strategy to integrate them in complex architecture such as orthodontic domain in human *** we show,a physically complaint lithium-ion micro-battery(236μg)with an unprecedented volumetric energy(the ratio of energy to device geometrical size)of 200 mWh/cm^(3) after 120 cycles of continuous *** results of 90%viability test confirmed the battery’s *** also show seamless integration of the developed battery in an optoelectronic system embedded in a threedimensional printed smart dental *** foresee the resultant orthodontic system as a personalized advanced health-care application,which could serve in faster bone regeneration and enhanced enamel health-care protection and subsequently reducing the overall health-care cost.

关键词： battery system performance

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Form Factor–Free Magneto-Triboelectric Generator for Standalone Power Line IoT Applications

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Advanced Energy Materials 2025年

作者： Kim, Hyun Soo Lee, Min Hyuk Kim, Do-Heon Lee, Dong-Gyu Imani, Iman M. Hur, SungHoon Ko, Young Joon Choi, Yeong Uk Cho, Hyunah Song, So-Min Yoon, Tae Kyoung Oh, In Woo Jung, Jong Hoon Chen, Jun Kim, Yunseok Kang, Heemin Ryu, Jungho Baik, Jeong Min Song, Hyun-Cheol Seoul02792 Korea Republic of School of Electrical Engineering Korea University Seoul02841 Korea Republic of Suwon16419 Korea Republic of Department of Materials Science and Engineering Korea University Seoul02841 Korea Republic of Division of Energy & Environment Technology University of Science and Technology Seoul02792 Korea Republic of Suwon16419 Korea Republic of Department of Physics Inha University Incheon22212 Korea Republic of Department of Mechanical Engineering Korea University Seoul02841 Korea Republic of Department of Bioengineering University of California Los Angeles Los AngelesCA90095 United States Research Center for Advanced Materials Technology Core Research Institute Suwon16419 Korea Republic of School of Materials Science & Engineering Yeungnam University Gyeongsan38541 Korea Republic of Program in Semiconductor Convergence Inha University Incheon22212 Korea Republic of Department of Future Convergence Materials Korea University Seoul02841 Korea Republic of College of Medicine Korea University Seoul02841 Korea Republic of Sungkyunkwan University Suwon16419 Korea Republic of

The growing reliance on electronic devices has made ambient magnetic field harvesting a promising solution for powering low-power, small-scale technologies, such as those used in the Internet of Things (IoT). While metal alloy-based magneto-deformation materials have traditionally been used to capture energy from stray magnetic fields, they are costly and lack versatility. To advance magnetic field harvesting, it is essential to develop cost-effective, high-performance, and adaptable magneto-deformation materials. Incorporating ferromagnetic metal powders into polymers can induce magneto-rheological behavior. This quasi-solid magneto-rheological effect enables the generation of mechanical vibrations in response to an oscillating external magnetic field. Here, a functional composite film is presented that achieves efficient and straightforward magneto-deformation by integrating Fe powder with poly(vinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene). To further enhance the performance of the composite film, MoS2–SiO2 core–shell nanoparticles is exploited for improved charge trapping and employ ferroelectrics to increase the contact potential difference (CPD). The composite film shows a bending displacement of 1 mm in a 4 Oe magnetic field, with each magneto-triboelectric module generating 14.28 mW. The four fabricated modules successfully harvest real-time energy from the stray magnetic field of an electric pot, enabling a battery-free Bluetooth IoT sensor. © 2025 The Author(s). Advanced Energy Materials published by Wiley-VCH GmbH.

关键词： Magnetoresistance

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A Sustainable and Scalable Approach for In Situ Induction of Gradient Nucleation Sites in Biomass-Derived Interface Layers for Ultra-Stable Aqueous Zinc Metal Batteries

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Angewandte Chemie 2025年

作者： Xin Liu Jia-Wei Qian Jing-Wei Chen Yun-Kai Xu Wei-Yi Wang Wei-Xu Dong Wei Hu Guo-Rui Cai Jun Lu Shu-Hong Yu Li-Feng Chen Division of Nanomaterials & Chemistry Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale School of Chemistry and Materials Science School of Engineering Science CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Materials (LMBD) University of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui 230026 P.R. China School of Materials Science and Engineering Ocean University of China Qingdao 266100 P.R. China College of Chemical and Biological Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou P.R. China

Aqueous zinc metal batteries are promising candidates for large-grid energy storage due to their safety, cost-effectiveness, and durability. However, challenges like dendrite growth, corrosion, and the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) on the zinc anode hinder their performance. Herein, we propose a sustainable and scalable approach to form a copper gluconate@carboxymethyl chitosan@kaolin (CuCK) interface layer, inducing gradient nucleation sites via in situ galvanic and galvanostatic processes. The biomass-based CuCK coating features a gradient Cu x Zn y alloy structure that homogenizes interfacial electric field distribution and enhances electrochemical stability. Furthermore, the incorporated Cu 2+ -loaded kaolin and carboxymethyl chitosan regulate Zn 2+ flux, accelerate Zn 2+ desolvation, and suppress HER. The resulting Zn@CuCK anode achieves a high cumulative capacity of 5500 mAh cm −2 in symmetrical cells, exhibits excellent durability in Zn@CuCK//NaV 3 O 8 ·1.5H 2 O full cells across a wide temperature range (−30 to 60 °C), and endows the assembly of pouch cells with high energy density.

关键词： Aqueous zinc metal batteries Biomass-derived interface layers Electrochemical energy storage and conversion Gradient nucleation sites Zn anode

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