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Investigating the effect of eggshell burning temperature on the mechanical properties of artificial teeth

IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and engineering 2018年第1期434卷

作者： A Sabir H Abbas Y Aminy S Akmal Mechanical Engineering Department Hasanuddin University 92119 Gowa South Sulawesi Indonesia Study Program of Mechanical Engineering Fajar University 90231 Makassar South Sulawesi Indonesia

In the field of health, ceramics are used for the repair, reconstruction and replacement of the teeth and bones and the body tissue, which is now very possible to be developed into bio-ceramics. Bio-ceramic materials can be used for the manufacture of artificial teeth, wherein this material consists of kaolin, quartz, feldspar, and eggshell. The use of eggshells as an added ingredient and reinforcement in the artificial teeth has been studied and reviewed in some literatures, but they report the effect of temperature on the burning of egg shells is still lacking. This paper investigates the effect of eggshell burning temperature on the mechanical properties of artificial teeth. The effect of different burning temperatures on hardness is also presented.

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Quantifying the trade-offs between energy consumption and salt removal rate in membrane-free cation intercalation desalination

arXiv

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arXiv 2018年

作者： Liu, Sizhe Smith, Kyle C. Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign UrbanaIL61801 United States Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign UrbanaIL61801 United States Computational Science and Engineering Program University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign UrbanaIL61801 United States Beckman Institute for Advanced Study University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign UrbanaIL61801 United States

Electrochemical desalination devices that use redox-active cation intercalation electrodes show promise for desalination of salt-rich water resources with high water recovery and low energy consumption. While previous modeling and experiments used ion-exchange membranes to maximize charge efciency, here a membrane-free alternative is evaluated to reduce capital cost by using a porous diaphragm to separate Na1+xNiFe(CN)6 electrodes. Two-dimensional porous-electrode modeling shows that, while charge eficiency losses are inherent to a diaphragm-based architecture, charge eficiency values approaching the anion transference number (61% for NaCl) are achievable for diaphragms with suFIciently low salt conductance. Closed-form equations are thereby derived that relate charge eficiency to the non-dimensional Pfeclet and Damkohler numbers that enable the selection of current and ow velocity to produce a desired degree-of-desalination. Simulations using these conditions are used to quantify the tradeo_s between energy consumption and salt removal rate for diaphragmbased cells operated at a range of currents. The simulated distributions of reactions are shown to result from the local salt concentration variations within electrodes using di_usion-potential theory. We also simulate the cycling dynamics of various ow configurations and show that ow-through electrodes exceed the degree-of-desalination compared with ow-by and ow-behind configurations due to solution stagnation within electrodes. Copyright © 2018, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Desalination

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The dynamic model of paddy field conversion control in Citarum watershed

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IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 2019年第1期399卷

作者： I Firmansyah Widiatmaka B Pramudya S Budiharsono Study Program of Natural Resources and Environmental Management IPB University Department of Soil Science and Land Resources Faculty of Agriculture IPB University Department of Mechanical Engineering and Biosystem Faculty of Agriculture Technology IPB University Technical Advisor Ministry of National Development Planning/National Development Planning Agency (BAPPENAS)

The rate of population growth and the increase in food needs for consumption have made the need for paddy fields higher. On the other hand, the pressure on paddy fields is quite intense so that the conversion of paddy fields is quite challenging to be controlled. Moreover, the concerns about food security and food sovereignty have become critical issues. The high demand for land utilization has caused pressure on paddy fields in the Citarum watershed. The objective of this study is to build a model for maintaining paddy fields in the Citarum watershed. The study was conducted from June to September 2015. The method of this research is a modelling using system dynamics approach by simulating time series data. From the simulation, it can be concluded that the rate of conversion of paddy fields will still be high if there is no specific policy in its protection. This fact can be seen from various scenario conditions, either in existing circumstances, in the optimistic scenario, as well as in a moderate scenario. The strategy that can be done is that paddy fields should be specially protected or owned by the government to minimize the rate of conversion.

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Experimental study of the effect of adding prismatic fin to the air flow under v-corrugated absorber plate for solar air heater performance

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2018年第1期1983卷

作者： Mohammad Hakam Djatmiko Ichsani Budi Utomo K. W. Wawan A. W. Clarissa Suroso 1Mechanical Engineering Department of Sepuluh Nopember Institute of Technology Surabaya - Indonesia 2Safety Engineering Study Program of Shipbuilding Polytechnic of Surabaya – Indonesia

One of the easiest alternative energy to get in Indonesia is solar energy. Solar energy can be applied to solar air heater in many industries. With using the radiation of solar energy to be absorb by absorber plate, solar air heater transfers heat in convection to the fluid under the absorber plate. Thermal efficiency of solar air collector can be improved by increasing the absorption area wider by adding prismatic triangle fin. Experimental sets to test the effect of fin addition to solar collector’s performance and efficiency. The experiment uses v-corrugated absorber plate and 30° bill shaped obstacle with fin addition. The geometry of the fins is prismatic triangle fin where fin thickness is 3 mm, with 0.5L spacing between obstacles. Intensity of radiation are varied from 431; 575; 719 W/m2, respectively, and mass flow rate are varied from 0.002; 0.004; 0.006; and 0.008 kg/s, respectively. The result of experimental study, the highest efficiency is 91.77 % achieved by 0.008 kg/s mass flow rate and radiation intensity 431.372 W/m2.

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Experimental study of the effect of adding incline prismatic triangle fin to the air flow under v-corrugated absorber plate for solar air heater efficiency

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2018年第1期1983卷

作者： Mohammad Hakam Djatmiko Ichsani Budi Utomo K. W. Wawan Aries W. Alifia Mashita 1Mechanical Engineering Department of Sepuluh Nopember Institute of Technology Surabaya - Indonesia 2Safety Engineering Study Program of Shipbuilding Polytechnic of Surabaya – Indonesia

Solar Air Collector is an apparatus that can be applied to convert solar radiation to be thermal energy. To increase the thermal efficiency of solar air collector, modification is needed by constructing the absorption area wider using v-corrugated plate absorber and adding prismatic triangle fin. Experimental sets to test the effect of fin addition to solar collector’s performance and efficiency. The experiment uses v-corrugated absorber plate and 30° bill shaped obstacle with fin addition. The geometry of the fins is prismatic triangle fin. Fin thickness of 3 mm, with 0.5L, spacing between the obstacle and fin angle to air flow 67.5°. Intensity of radiation are varied from 431; 575; 719 W/m2 respectively, and mass flow rate are varied from 0.002; 0.004; 0.006; 0.008 kg/s, respectively. The result of experimental study, the highest efficiency is 92.6% achieved by 0.008 kg/s mass flow rate and radiation intensity 431.372 W/m2.

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Energy Optimization Modeling of Geothermal Power Plant (Case study: Darajat Geothermal Field Unit III) 5

Energy Optimization Modeling of Geothermal Power Plant (Case...

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5th ITB International Geothermal Workshop, IIGW 2016

作者： Sinaga, R.H.M. Darmanto, P.S. Engineering Management Study Program Del Institute of Technology Laguboti Toba Samosir22381 Indonesia Mechanical Engineering Study Program Bandung Institute of Technology Bandung40132 Indonesia

Darajat unit III geothermal power plant is developed by PT. Chevron Geothermal Indonesia (CGI). The plant capacity is 121 MW and load 110%. The greatest utilization power is consumed by Hot Well Pump (HWP) and Cooling Tower Fan (CTF). Reducing the utility power can be attempted by utilizing the wet bulb temperature fluctuation. In this study, a modelling process is developed by using engineering Equation Solver (EES) software version *** possibility of energy saving is indicated by Specific Steam Consumption (SSC) net in relation to wet bulb temperature fluctuation from 9°C up to 20.5°C. Result shows that the existing daily operation reaches its optimum condition. The installation of Variable Frequency Drive (VFD) could be applied to optimize both utility power of HWP and CTF. The highest gain is obtained by VFD HWP installation as much as 0.80% when wet bulb temperature 18.5 °C.

关键词： Energy conservation

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Physical and chemical properties of corn, cassava, and potato starchs

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IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 2018年第1期160卷

作者： A H D Abdullah S Chalimah I Primadona M H G Hanantyo Research Unit for Clean Technology Indonesian Institute of Sciences Bandung Indonesia Program Study of Material Engineering Faculty of Mechanical and Aeronautical Engineering Institute Technology of Bandung Bandung Indonesia

Starch-based plastic is developed for petroleum-based plastic material replacement. Thus, basic knowledge of starch properties is important. This research aimed to evaluate the physical and thermal properties of various potential starch, i.e. corn, cassava, and potato starch. Granule size, thermal property, and functional group of starch were determined by optical microsopy, DSC, and FTIR, respectively. Our results demonstrated that the properties of starch (e.g. granule morphology and thermal property) varied according to its different sources. Potato starch has a bigger granule size and lower gelatinization temperature compare to corn and cassava starch. This implied that the granule size of starch affected gelatinization temperature. The larger the granule size, the more easily the starch to be gelatinized.

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Characterization of the complete mitochondrial genome of Mauritian sardinella, Sardinella jussieu (Lacepède, 1803), collected in the Banten Bay, Indonesia

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Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 2017年第1期20卷 26.1-26.9页

作者： Sektiana, Sinar Pagi Andriyono, Sapto Kim, Hyun-Woo Pukyong National University Interdisciplinary Program of Biomedical Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Busan 48513 South Korea Pukyong National University Department of Marine Biology Busan 48513 South Korea Jakarta Fisheries University Aquaculture Technology Study Program Jl. AUP Pasar Minggu Jakarta Selatan Jakarta 12520 Indonesia Fisheries and Marine Faculty C Campus Jl. Mulyorejo Surabaya 60115 Indonesia Universitas Airlangga Surabaya East Java Indonesia

Fishes in genus Sardinella are small pelagic species, which plays an important role in marine ecosystem as the first consumer. Those species are also commercially important, whose total catch reaches 278,600 tons in 2011 in Indonesia, but their identification has been difficult for their morphological similarity. In this study, we reported Sardinella jussieu for the first time in Indonesian coastal area (Banten Bay, Indonesia, 6° 0' 50.00" S-106° 10' 21.00" E). We were able to confirm the species by both its morphological characteristics including the black spot at dorsal fin origin, the dusky pigmentation at caudal fin, 31 total scute numbers, and DNA sequence identity in the GenBank database by the molecular analysis. Its total mitochondrial genome was determined by the combination of next-generation sequencing and typical PCR strategy. The total mitochondrial genome of Sardinella jussieu (16,695 bp) encoded 13 proteins, 2 ribosomal RNAs, 22 transfer RNAs, and the putative control region. All protein-coding genes started with ATG and typical stop codon and ended with TAA or TAG except for ND4 in which AGA is used. Phylogenetic analyses of both COI region and full mitochondrial genome showed that S. jussieu is most closely related to Sardinella albella and Sardinella gibbosa. © 2017 The Author(s).

关键词： Barcode Indonesia Mitochondrial genome Next-generation sequencing Sardinella

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Pyrolysis: An effective technique for degradation of COVID-19 medical wastes

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Chemosphere 2021年 275卷 130092页

作者： Selvakumar Dharmaraj Veeramuthu Ashokkumar Rajesh Pandiyan Heli Siti Halimatul Munawaroh Kit Wayne Chew Wei-Hsin Chen Chawalit Ngamcharussrivichai (Deemed to be University) Chennai 603112 Tamil Nadu India. Center of Excellence in Catalysis for Bioenergy and Renewable Chemicals (CBRC) Faculty of Science Chulalongkorn University Bangkok 10330 Thailand. Electronic address: rvashok2008@***. Department of Biochemistry Karpagam Academy of Higher Education (formerly Karpagam University) Pollachi Main Road Eachanari Post Coimbatore Tamil Nadu India. Chemistry Study Program Department of Chemistry Education Faculty of Mathematics and Science Education Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia Jl. Dr. Setiabudhi 229 Bandung 40154 Indonesia. School of Energy and Chemical Engineering Xiamen University Malaysia Jalan Sunsuria Bandar Sunsuria 43900 Sepang Selangor Malaysia College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 Fujian China. Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics National Cheng Kung University Tainan 701 Taiwan Research Center for Smart Sustainable Circular Economy Tunghai University Taichung 407 Taiwan Department of Mechanical Engineering National Chin-Yi University of Technology Taichung 411 Taiwan. Center of Excellence in Catalysis for Bioenergy and Renewable Chemicals (CBRC) Faculty of Science Chulalongkorn University Bangkok 10330 Thailand Center of Excellence on Petrochemical and Materials Technology (PETROMAT) Chulalongkorn University Pathumwan Bangkok 10330 Thailand. Electronic address: Chawalit.Ng@chula.ac.th.

COVID-19 has led to the enormous rise of medical wastes throughout the world, and these have mainly been generated from hospitals, clinics, and other healthcare establishments. This creates an additional challenge in medical waste management, particularly in developing countries. Improper managing of medical waste may have serious public health issues and a significant impact on the environment. There are currently three disinfection technologies, namely incineration, chemical and physical processes, that are available to treat COVID-19 medical waste (CMW). This study focuses on thermochemical process, particularly pyrolysis process to treat the medical waste. Pyrolysis is a process that utilizes the thermal instability of organic components in medical waste to convert them into valuable products. Besides, the technique is environmentally friendly, more efficient and cost-effective, requires less landfill capacity, and causes lower pollution. The current pandemic situation generates a large amount of plastic medical wastes, which mainly consists of polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyethylene terephthalate, and nylon. These plastic wastes can be converted into valuable energy products like oil, gas and char through pyrolysis process. This review provides detailed information about CMW handling, treatment, valuable product generation, and proper discharge into the open environment.

关键词： COVID-19 medical waste Disinfection techniques Energy conversion Medical waste management Pyrolysis

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Virtual laboratory learning media development to improve science literacy skills of mechanical engineering students on basic physics concept of material measurement

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Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2018年第1期1013卷

作者： E D Jannati A Setiawan P Siahaan C Rochman Mechanical Engineering Study Program Majalengka University Majalengka Indonesia Mechanical Engineering Education Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia Bandung Indonesia Physics Education Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia Bandung Indonesia Physics Education UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung Indonesia

This study aims to determine the description of virtual laboratory learning media development to improve science literacy skills of mechanical engineering students on the concept of basic Physics. Quasi experimental method was employed in this research. The participants of this research were first semester students of mechanical engineering in Majalengka University. The research instrument was readability test of instructional media. The results of virtual laboratory learning media readability test show that the average score is 78.5%. It indicates that virtual laboratory learning media development are feasible to be used in improving science literacy skill of mechanical engineering students in Majalengka University, specifically on basic Physics concepts of material measurement.

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