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IEEE/ASME (AIM) International Conference on Advanced Intelligent Mechatronics

作者： J. Schuy P. Beckerle J. Faber J. Wojtusch S. Rinderknecht O. v. Stryk Department of Mechanical Engineering Technische Universität Darmstadt Germany Department of Mechanical Engineering Technische Universität Darmstadt Institute for Lightweight Design and Construction Technische Universität Darmstadt Germany Simulation Technische Universität Darmstadt Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781467353199

Variable stiffness joints are essential for robots or biomechanical applications to generate torque with sufficient compliance to ensure safety simultaneously. This paper presents the dimensioning of the elastic element for an actuator with Variable Torsion Stiffness (VTS). Analytical and finite element calculations are compared to experimental evaluation of a splined shaft profile realized in a prototype implementation. Based on simplifications and effects in the real test-rig the results show similar behaviour. Furthermore, an analytical and finite element investigation of four cross-sections with torsional load illustrate optimal utilization of cylindrical geometries considering the torsional stress. In contrast, the low stressed edges of uncylindrical cross-sections are adequate areas to bear additional stresses.

关键词： Biomechanics Splines (mathematics) Lead Materials

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simulation of Impact Regimes

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材料科学与工程（中英文B版） 2011年第5期1卷 611-617页

作者： Paul Wilson Bland Sarin Tiranasawasdi Department of Mechanical Engineering Simulation and Design The Sirindhorn International Thai-German Graduate School of Engineering King Mongkut ＇s University of Technology North Bangkok Bangkok 10800 Thailand

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Finite rotation finite element analysis of layered composite plates and shells 4th

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4th International Conference on Structural engineering, Mechanics and Computation, SEMC 2010

作者： Schmidt, R. Tiranasavasdi, S. Vu, T.D. RWTH Aachen University Institute of General Mechanics Germany The Sirindhorn Thai-German Graduate School of Engineering Department of Mechanical Engineering Simulation and Design Bangkok Thailand RWTH Aachen University Institute of General Mechanics Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9780415584722

This paper presents a numerical study of geometrically nonlinear shell problems at small strains and finite rotations. The shell element is based on the Reissner-Mindlin first-order transverse shear deformation theory (FOSD) and accounts for full geometrical nonlinearity. Finite element analysis is carried out for standard static and stability benchmark problems of isotropic and composite laminated cylindrical or spherical shells. The results are compared with those obtained by finite element analyses based on first-order transverse shear deformation moderate, large and finite rotation theories in earlier literature. © 2010 Taylor & Francis Group, London.

关键词： Finite element method

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Development of a framework for parallel simulators with various physics and its performance

Development of a framework for parallel simulators with vari...

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Parallel Computational Fluid Dynamics, Parallel CFD 2007

作者： Ono, Kenji Tamaki, Tsuyoshi Yoshikawa, Hiroyuki Functionality Simulation and Information Team VCAD System Research Program RIKEN 2-1 Hirosawa Wako 351-0198 Japan Division of Human Mechanical Systems and Design Faculty and Graduate School of Engineering Hokkaido University N13 W8 Kita-ku Sapporo 060-8628 Japan Fujitsu Nagano Systems Engineering 1415 Midori-cho Tsuruga Nagano 380-0813 Japan

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Driver response to steering torque disturbances: A user study on assisted lanekeeping

Driver response to steering torque disturbances: A user stud...

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作者： Switkes, Joshua P. Gerdes, J. Christian Schmidt, Gerrit F. Kiss, Miklós Dept. of Mechanical Engineering Dynamic Design Laboratory Stanford University Stanford CA 94305 United States Volkswagen Group Research HMI and Simulation Volkswagen AG D-38436 Wolfsburg Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9783902661265

This paper describes the design and results of a user study to investigate the driver's response to torque disturbances on the vehicle hand wheel. These disturbances can result from malfunctions in steering-based driver assistance systems such as lane keeping. To guarantee the safety of these types of systems, it is vitally important to know the response of the driver vehicle system when there is such a torque disturbance. This includes both how the driver detects the disturbance as well as what the response is. The design of hand wheel torque for lane keeping assistance has been the focus of some research, but the response of the driver to a torque disturbance has not been investigated. To this end, 18 users are tested in an experimental vehicle during highway driving situations to determine safety limits of additional hand wheel torque. With various amplitudes and shapes of torques applied, the driver response is measured through the movement of the hand wheel and the vehicle. Initial results suggest that for slowly increasing torques, the response of the driver is independent of the final amplitude. Presence in a turn has an effect on steering response and on the driver's rating of the car's reaction from the additional torque. No significant difference in the hand wheel motion was found between the groups of older and younger users.

关键词： Torque

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Eteaming with developing nations: Social outreach with an entrepreneurial twist

Eteaming with developing nations: Social outreach with an en...

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114th Annual ASEE Conference and Exposition, 2007

作者： Blanco, Mario Pickar, Kenneth Delgado, Luz Marina Kranski, Jeff Arce, Oscar Herrera, Francoise Vean, Charles Mac California Institute of Technology United States Process Simulation and Design Collaboration Department of Mechanical Engineering UCLA Anderson School of Business United States GEMA Universidad Rafael Landivar Guatemala School of Architecture and Design Universidad Rafael Landivar Guatemala Universidad Rafael Landivar Guatemala Universidad Rafael Landivar Guatemala

The World Bank estimates that over 2.8 billion people live in poverty, earning less than $2/day. Financial assistance alone has not been able to solve the problems generated by poverty in a sustainable way. We are testing the hypothesis that the teaching of product design principles together with basic entrepreneurship skills might be a way to provide longer-lasting solutions. These ideas are based on the premise that although cash might be the most pressing need of the poor, the most vital need is the acquisition of income generation skills. Major challenges arose in the initial testing stage, from the formidable physical and cultural distances that separate the design engineer/teacher from their intended customers in developing nations, to the lack of "ground truth" information to guide the design process. For this reason, over the past two years E105:, Product design for the Developing World, a Development engineering course at Caltech, has evolved to include e-Teams as an integral element in its curriculum. The e-Teams bring together students from the US and industrial design and agricultural students from a developing nation. The US engineering students contribute their fast prototyping and analytical problem solving skills while the foreign students contribute their familiarity with poorly defined markets and add cultural sensitivity to the e-Team designs. The students deal with strong constraints on product costs and pricing, evaluate the availability of local materials and the lack of manufacturing and product standards. The e-Team members work together through a variety of electronic communication technologies: Video-conferencing, video streaming, Instant Messaging, Internet telephony, e-mail and web-groups. These electronic tools, which play a role at various levels in the design process, are briefly discussed. © American Society for engineering Education, 2007.

关键词： Sustainable development

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DRIVER RESPONSE TO STEERING TORQUE DISTURBANCES: A USER STUDY ON ASSISTED LANEKEEPING

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IFAC Proceedings Volumes 2007年第10期40卷 243-250页

作者： Joshua P. Switkes J. Christian Gerdes Gerrit F. Schmidt Miklós Kiss Dynamic Design Laboratory Dept. of Mechanical Engineering Stanford University Stanford California 94305 Volkswagen Group Research HMI and Simulation Volkswagen AG D-38436 Wolfsburg Germany

This paper describes the design and results of a user study to investigate the driver's response to torque disturbances on the vehicle handwheel. These disturbances can result from malfunctions in steering-based driver assistance systems such as lanekeeping. To guarantee the safety of these types of systems, it is vitally important to know the response of the driver-vehicle system when there is such a torque disturbance. This includes both how the driver detects the disturbance as well as what the response is. The design of handwheel torque for lanekeeping assistance has been the focus of some research, but the response of the driver to a torque disturbance has not been investigated. To this end, 18 users are tested in an experimental vehicle during highway driving situations to determine safety limits of additional handwheel torque. With various amplitudes and shapes of torques applied, the driver response is measured through the movement of the handwheel and the vehicle. Initial results suggest that for slowly increasing torques, the response of the driver is independent of the final amplitude. Presence in a turn has an effect on steering response and on the driver's rating of the car's reaction from the additional torque. No significant difference in the handwheel motion was found between the groups of older and younger users.

关键词： torque disturbance human factors haptic signals lanekeeping

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A 'Kane's Dynamics' model for the active rack isolation system. Part one: A linearised model

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International Journal of Vehicle Systems Modelling and Testing 2007年第2期2卷 153-192页

作者： Hampton, Roy David Beech, Geoffrey S. Subba Rao, Nagendra N. Rupert, Jason K. Kim, Young K. Civil and Mechanical Engineering Department US Military Academy West Point NY 10996 United States Vehicle Analysis Branch Spacecraft and Vehicle Systems Department Engineering Directorate Mail Stop: EV12 Huntsville AL 35812 United States Sagamigaoka-1-34-20 Granero Yosiyama-201 Japan Simulation and Analysis Section Missile and Aviation Systems Department Dynetics Inc. 1000 Explorer Boulevard Huntsville AL 35806 United States Control Systems Design and Analysis Branch Flight Mechanics and Analysis Division Engineering Directorate Mail Stop: EV41 Huntsville AL 35812 United States

Many microgravity space-science experiments require vibratory acceleration levels unachievable without active isolation. The Boeing Corporation's Active Rack Isolation System (ARIS) addresses these isolation requirements on the International Space Station (ISS) at the rack level. Effective model-based vibration isolation requires • an appropriate isolation device • an adequate dynamical model of that isolator • a suitable, corresponding controller. ARIS provides the ISS response to the first requirement. This paper presents the use of 'Kane's Dynamics' to develop a state-space, analytical (algebraic) set of linearised equations of motion meeting the second requirement, for use in addressing the third via optimal controller design. Copyright © 2007 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd.

关键词： Spacecraft

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Solution adaptive mesh generation using feature-aligned embedded surface meshes

Solution adaptive mesh generation using feature-aligned embe...

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45th AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting 2007

作者： Shih, A. Ito, Y. Koomullil, R. Kasmai, T. Jankun-Kelly, M. Thompson, D. Brewer, W. University of Alabama at Birmingham Birmingham AL 35294 United States Mississippi State University Mississippi State MS 39762 United States Fluid Physics Int. Mississippi State MS 39762 United States Dept. of Mechanical Engineering United States AIAA United States Computational Simulation and Design Center Box 9627 United States Department of Aerospace Engineering Box A United States Box 1361

ISBN: (纸本)1563478900

In this paper, we present a technique for generating solution adaptive meshes that utilizes feature-aligned surfaces embedded in the computational domain. A feature detection algorithm is first employed to identify regions of the domain where features of interest are located. Surfaces associated with these features are then meshed and a volume mesh that respects these embedded surface meshes is then generated. This approach is promising because it provides a mechanism for controlling local grid quality as well as automatically aligning cell faces with the feature. For flows that include topologically and/or geometrically complex features, we describe a mesh refinement technique that can be used in tandem with the embedded surface meshes to provide a mechanism for refining throughout the computational domain. We include results from three cases to illustrate how the method works.

关键词： Mesh generation

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A 'kane's dynamics' model for the active rack isolation system. Part 2: Non-linear model development, verification and simplification

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International Journal of Vehicle Systems Modelling and Testing 2007年第3期2卷 227-251页

作者： Hampton, R. David Beech, Geoffrey S. Subba Rao, Nagendra N. Rupert, Jason K. Kim, Young K. Civil and Mechanical Engineering Department US Military Academy West Point NY 10996 United States Vehicle Analysis Branch Spacecraft and Vehicle Systems Department NASA Marshall Space Flight Center Huntsville AL 35812 United States Zama Shi Sagamigaoka-1-34-20 Granero Yosiyama-201 Japan Simulation and Analysis Section Missile and Aviation Systems Department Dynetics Inc. 1000 Explorer Boulevard Huntsville AL 35806 United States Control Systems Design and Analysis Branch Flight Mechanics and Analysis Division NASA Marshall Space Flight Center Huntsville AL 35812 United States

Boeing's Active Rack Isolation System (ARIS) isolates microgravity space-science experiments on the International Space Station (ISS) against station-induced disturbances, at the level of the International Standard Payload Rack (ISPR). Part 1 of this documentation presented a linearised model of ARIS, hand-developed via Kane's method. Part 2, below, reports the use of software packages to develop and verify a corresponding non-linear model, without umbilicals. The model is first verified against a 'truth' model, then linearised to match the model of Part 1, and finally simplified using reasonable negligible-inertia assumptions. The resulting models all show nearly identical, and physically reasonable, dynamical responses. Copyright © 2007, Inderscience Publishers.

关键词： Microgravity

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