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Investigation of Austempering Effect on Fatigue Crack Growth of AISI 4140 Steel

Defect and Diffusion Forum 2024年 431卷 115-120页

作者： Badaruddin, Mohammad Ainnayah, Reza Annisa Wijaya, Rizqy Nurully Sumardi, Slamet Lampung Selatan Indonesia Department of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Universitas Lampung Indonesia Undergraduate Study Program at the Department of M echanical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Universitas Lampung Indonesia

The compact tension (CT) and tensile specimens of the AISI 4140 steel in cold rolling condition (untreated steel) were austempered by immersing it into the salt bath at 362℃ for 60 minutes. The tensile strength properties and the fatigue crack growth (FCG) resistance were performed to investigate the effect of the austempering process in AISI 4140 steel. A significant increase in the yield strength for austempered steel is about 8.7 % and the elastic strain energy increases by 55.7 %. Austempered steel's fatigue crack cycle is longer than that of untreated steel. Data of stress intensity factor range (ΔK, MPa.m1/2) and FCG rate (da/dN, m/cycle) was constructed in double log plot x-y axes for determining the materials constants m and C according to Paris’s law equation using a linear regression method. From the curve of ΔK versus da/dN, the constant m value for austempered steel (m = 3.45) shows better resistance than untreated steel (m = 3.77). On the other hand, the constant C value of 1.409×10-12 for austempered steel is one order magnitude higher than that of untreated steel (C = 4.151×10-13). The resistance of austempered steel against fatigue crack growth can be attributed to the formation of a bainite structure. © 2024 Trans Tech Publications Ltd, Switzerland.

关键词： Stress intensity factors

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MODELING OF MAGNETORHEOLOGICAL DAMPER USING MULTIPLE ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORKS FOR FUZZY CONTROL DESIGN OF A SEMI-ACTIVE SUSPENSION SYSTEM

UPB Scientific Bulletin, Series C: Electrical Engineering an...

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UPB Scientific Bulletin, Series C: Electrical engineering and Computer Science 2024年第3期86卷 315-334页

作者： Sitompul, Erwin Anggraini, Lydia Turnip, Arjon Study Program of Electrical Engineering President University Cikarang Indonesia Study Program of Mechanical Engineering President University Cikarang Indonesia Department of Electrical Engineering Padjajaran University Bandung Indonesia

Suspension is a very important part of the functionality of a car. It supports the comfort of the passengers and can be used to improve the car's stability. If a magnetorheological (MR) damper is used, the damping performance can be adjusted according to the road condition. In this research, an attempt to model an MR damper using multiple artificial neural networks (ANNs) was conducted. The measurement data was obtained by using a damper dynamometer. Eight measurements were conducted to cover the coil current range between 0 and 1,400 mA. The MR damper model was then integrated into the semi-active suspension of a quarter-car model. Furthermore, the fuzzy logic controller (FLC) design for the semi-active suspension system was conducted. This artificial intelligence control deployed a novel approach in using the frequency content of the road surface as the input. The control scheme was tested by giving a sinusoidal bumpy road and a pseudo-random bumpy road as the input to the quarter-car model. The FLC performed well and was able to reduce the transmitted excitation from the road to the car chassis. © 2024, Politechnica University of Bucharest. All rights reserved.

关键词： Active suspension systems

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L-Heat Pipe Simulation for Lithium-Ion Electric Vehicle Battery Cooling Systems 4

L-Heat Pipe Simulation for Lithium-Ion Electric Vehicle Batt...

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4th International Symposium on Advances and Innovation in mechanical engineering, ISAIME 2023

作者： Septiadi, Wayan Nata Astawa, Ketut Eleazar, Rolland Pierce Ramadhani, Dandi Bhaswara, Nabiel Rafa Angel Jayendra, Kadek Dananta Study Program of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Universitas Udayana Bali Bukit Jimbaran80361 Indonesia

The Li-ion battery is electrical storage in the form of chemical energy and is considered the strongest candidate for electrical-based automotive applications. The performance of the battery greatly affects the performance of electric vehicles. There is a need for effective thermal management to control battery temperature below a defined temperature such as 50°C. The thermal management system in the battery can be done by passively cooling it using heat pipes and heat sinks. This research was conducted by simulating the Makara Electric Vehicle's electric scooter battery module which was applied with a heat pipe-based cooling system. The simulated module focuses on heat pipes and 18650 lithium-ion batteries with discharge rate variations of 1C, 2C., and 3C. The method used is literature study and CFD simulation. The results show that the heat pipe cooling system can reduce battery temperature at each discharge rate variation of 12,85%, 16,23%, and 23,74%. Heat Pipe can absorb the highest heat of 68,1178 kW when the module uses a 3C battery. © 2025 Institute of Physics Publishing. All rights reserved.

关键词： Cooling systems

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Engine Performance Using Blended Fuels of Biodiesel and Eco Diesel

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Energy engineering 2023年第1期120卷 107-123页

作者： Muhammad Idris IHusin Indra Hermawan Uun Novalia RDBatubara Nugroho Agung Pambudi Alfan Sarifudin Study Program of Mechanical Engineering Universitas Medan AreaMedan20156Indonesia Study Program of Mechanical Engineering Politeknik Negeri MedanMedan20156Indonesia Study Program of Industrial Engineering Universitas Harapan MedanMedan20156Indonesia Department of Mechanical Engineering Education Universitas Sebelas MaretSurakarta57126Indonesia

Diesel engines is an internal combustion engine with high thermal efficiency,which also uses biodiesel fuel,an environmentally friendly,non-toxic,and low sulfur *** has been around for a long time due to its similar characteristics to diesel fuels which has limited ***,several disadvantages are associated with biodiesel,such as poor volatility and high viscosity,which reduces engine ***,this study was carried out to improve the diesel engine performance by mixing biodiesel with ecodiesel(ED),an additive produced from natural ingredients that is dissolvable in *** biodiesel fuel properties used are density 860 kg/m3,dynamic viscosity 4.50E-06 m2/s,cetane number 45,and flashpoint 52°*** results showed that biodiesel-ED mixture could improve engine performance and the optimum performance was at a speed of 3000 rpm on 43.30(kW),124.93(N.m)of the engine torque,and 2.45E–5(kg/kW.s)of the specific fuel *** to paired sample t-test,the difference in the engine performance is only experienced in the torque,which has a significant increase in the composition of the biodiesel+ED by 0.07 gr mixture.

关键词： Car vehicle experiment combustion ED renewable energy

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Aerodynamic Analysis of Obhi-Mec Unud Bio-Hybrid Electric Vehicle Using Computational Fluid Dynamics 4

Aerodynamic Analysis of Obhi-Mec Unud Bio-Hybrid Electric Ve...

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4th International Symposium on Advances and Innovation in mechanical engineering, ISAIME 2023

作者： Robert, Rivaldo Anderson Sucipta, Made Made Widiyarta, I. Meylinda, Cindy Dwi Sinaga, Betty Florensia Study Program of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of Engineering University of Udayana Kampus Unud Jimbaran Bali Badung80362 Indonesia

The aerodynamic properties of a vehicle are a factor in vehicle body development, such as the drag force, lift force, and flow pattern that occurs on the vehicle body. Using computational fluid dynamics (CFD), such as ANSYS Fluent, those properties can be investigated to design and analyze in many applications. Obhi-Mec Unud Bio-Hybrid is one of the electric vehicles developed to support the decarbonization program investigated through the fluid flow phenomenon to evaluate the drag and lift forces. The ANSYS Fluent with a realizable k-epsilon flow model with a pressure-based solver and steady flow was simulated with various vehicle velocities of 30, 40, and 50 km/h. It is found that the increase in vehicle velocity increases the drag and lift forces experienced by the vehicle. These results are due to the flow disturbance phenomena observed around the vehicle body, such as flow stagnation points, boundary layers, flow separation, and wake and vortex formation. © 2025 Institute of Physics Publishing. All rights reserved.

关键词： Computational fluid dynamics

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The Influence of Silicon Dioxide as a Fuel Additive in a Diesel Engine Fuelled by Pure Palm Oil 4

The Influence of Silicon Dioxide as a Fuel Additive in a Die...

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4th International Symposium on Advances and Innovation in mechanical engineering, ISAIME 2023

作者： Prahmana, Rico Aditia Darmanto, Prihadi Setyo Reksowardojo, Iman Kartolaksono Prakoso, Tirto Juangsa, Firman Bagja Doctoral Program of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Institut Teknologi Bandung Bandung40132 Indonesia Program Study of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of Industrial Technology Institut Teknologi Sumatera South Lampung35365 Indonesia Thermal Science and Engineering Research Group Faculty of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Institut Teknologi Bandung Bandung Indonesia Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Industrial Technology Institut Teknologi Bandung Bandung40132 Indonesia Program Study of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of Industrial Technology Universitas Pertamina Jakarta12220 Indonesia

In the last decade, the Indonesian government has implemented a program to use biodiesel as a substitute for fossil diesel to reduce dependence on fossil fuels. On the other hand, the development of biodiesel as an alternative fuel to replace fossil diesel has several challenges, one of which is the production of biodiesel, which is more complicated and requires a long process. However, the direct use of crude palm oil (CPO) in diesel engines is not recommended because it has many drawbacks. Research recently shows that fuel additives in diesel engines have promising prospects. Therefore, to solve the problem, this study used pure palm oil (PPaO) as the primary fuel, with the addition of silicon oxide (SiO2) as a fuel additive in diesel engines. The results showed that using SiO2 additive in PPaO can increase thermal efficiency by 18.8% at 60% load compared to diesel fuel (DF). Nevertheless, using this fuel increased specific fuel consumption (SFC) by 3.9% on average and increased the opacity by 153% compared to diesel fuel. These results indicate that SiO2 has the potential to be developed as an effective additive to PPaO fuel that can improve the efficiency and performance of diesel engines. © 2025 Institute of Physics Publishing. All rights reserved.

关键词： Biodiesel

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studying the Impact of T4 and T6 Heat Treatments on Corrosion and mechanical Properties of 6082-Al Alloy Treated with Al-5Ti-1B Grain Refiner

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Journal of Bio- and Tribo-Corrosion 2025年第1期11卷 1-13页

作者： Abd El-Aziz, Kh. Saber, D. Materials Engineering Department Faculty of Engineering Zagazig University Zagazig44519 Egypt Mechanical Engineering Department College of Engineering Taif University Taif Saudi Arabia Industrial Engineering Program Mechanical Engineering Department College of Engineering Taif University Taif Saudi Arabia

The mechanical and corrosion characteristics of aluminum alloys can be influenced not only by the addition of grain refiners but also by heat treatment that modifies the microstructure and introduces variations in these characteristics. The purpose of this work was to examine how the mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of 6082-Al alloy with Al-5Ti-1B grain refiner are affected by both artificial and natural aging heat treatments. By using the permanent mold casting process, the required specimens of the investigated alloys were produced. A VHS-1000 microhardness testing apparatus is used to measure microhardness at a 100 g load. A sliding wear test is carried out using a pin-on-disk apparatus. Potentiodynamic polarization curves in a 3.5 weight percent NaCl solution are used to assess the corrosion behavior of every specimen. The current results revealed that the mechanical properties improved markedly with the additions of Al–5Ti-1B grain refiner to the investigated alloy, this is maybe due to the microstructure changes as a result of grain refiner additions. Although the addition of Al-5Ti-1B grain refiner to 6082-Al alloy improved the hardness and wear resistance, it showed a negative influence on the corrosion resistance of these alloys. The results also demonstrated that, when compared to as-cast condition, artificial heat treatment of 6082-Al alloy inoculated by Al-5Ti-1B grain refiner improved their hardness, wear resistance, and corrosion properties significantly. Furthermore, compared to natural aging heat treatment, artificial aging heat treatment demonstrated a noticeably improved level of hardness, wear, and corrosion behavior. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2025.

关键词： Aluminum corrosion

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Upgrading process of palm empty fruit bunches as alternative solid fuel: a review

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Clean Energy 2023年第6期7卷 1173-1188页

作者： Toto Hardianto Ari Akbariyanto Wenas Firman Bagja Juangsa Energy Conversion Research Group Faculty of Mechanical and Aerospace EngineeringInstitut Teknologi BandungWest JavaIndonesia Research Center for New and Renewable Energy Institut Teknologi BandungWest JavaIndonesia Mechanical Engineering Study Program Faculty of Mechanical and Aerospace EngineeringInstitut Teknologi BandungWest JavaIndonesia

A total of 37.5 million tons of palm empty fruit bunches(EFBs)produced in Indonesia in 2018 have the potential to be used as an alternative eco-friendly solid ***,a pretreatment process is necessary to increase the heating value and reduce the po-tassium content of *** methods can be employed to improve the characteristics of EFBs as a solid fuel,such as drying and torrefaction to increase the heating value and the leaching process for reducing the potassium content of *** main concept of increasing the heating value is to increase the fuel content,which is *** drying,the carbon ratio can be increased by reducing the moisture content and,through torrefaction,the carbon ratio could be increased due to the decomposition of ligno-cellulose.A simple way to reduce the potassium content of EFBs is the leaching *** types of leaching treatment have been studied before:soaking and stirring *** study reviews those methods to make EFBs more suitable as a solid fuel with a high heating value and less potassium *** the carbon content in EFBs is crucial for enhancing their heating value as a *** and torrefaction decrease the moisture content and modify the chemical structure,resulting in higher carbon *** leaching process effectively reduces the potassium content of EFBs and stirring treatment is more effective than immersion *** positively affects leaching by decreasing the potassium content,while hydrophobicity may hinder leaching by re-pelling *** high moisture content of leached EFBs requires additional energy for evaporation during torrefaction,resulting in a lower energy density yield compared with raw *** may also be required to account for the decreased mineral content,which functions as a torrefaction catalyst in EFBs that have not been leached.

关键词： biomass EFB solid fuel torrefaction upgrading

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Assess the Level of Temperature Uniformity in Intermediate Level Incubators Type Incandescent Lamp and Heater Plate 3rd

Assess the Level of Temperature Uniformity in Intermediate L...

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3rd International Conference on Experimental and Computational Mechanics in engineering, ICECME 2021

作者： Riswandha, Ditya Syuhada, Ahmad Hamdani of Mechanical Engineering Study Program Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering Faculty of Engineering Universitas Syiah Kuala Banda Aceh Indonesia

ISBN: (纸本)9789811936289

One of the business activities favored by the villagers is poultry farming. This happened because the harvest period is fast and the market is easy, especially for public consumption in the province of Nanggroe Aceh Darussalam. Due to the large number of people who are trying to raise ducks, chickens, and laying eggs, problems have arisen with the provision of these poultry seeds. So far, poultry seeds in the Aceh Province have been obtained from a small portion of the populationAcehnese themselves and the rest were imported from North Sumatra. This causes the fluctuating supply of seed poultry which will eventually disrupt the community's poultry farming business in Aceh Province. Seeing these problems, this research wants to produce a multilevel incubator heating system that maintains a uniform temperature for better incubator efficiency. The test is carried out by paying attention to the temperature distribution in the egg incubator. Thus, measuring the distribution temperature with a value range of 37 °C–38 °C at certain points through the test channel is the main thing that must be done. The variation in this research is the number of incandescent lamps/heating plates (4 and 6) which differs whether or not the zinc plate is under the incandescent lamp/heating plate with a power of 100 and 112 Watts for each heater. The heater in the incubator room will turn on at 37 °C and will turn off automatically at 38 °C due to the influence of the thermostat equipment. After testing, the temperature was 0.7 °C for 4 (four) heating plates without using a zinc plate under the heating plate and 0.8 °C for 4 (four) incandescent lamps without using a zinc plate under the incandescent lamp. However, there is a small comparison, namely 0.4 °C for 6 (six) heating plates using a zinc plate under the heating plate and 0.5 °C for 6 (six) light bulbs using a zinc plate under an incandescent lamp. Also 96% test results with various methods. It is a good heat transfer and efficient pro

关键词： Incandescent lamps

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Performance Investigation of Water Purification System Assisted by Ultrasonic Vibrating Mesh Atomizer 4

Performance Investigation of Water Purification System Assis...

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4th International Symposium on Advances and Innovation in mechanical engineering, ISAIME 2023

作者： Agus Tri Putra, I.D.G. Septiadi, Wayan Nata Negara, Dewa Ngakan Ketut Putra Nindhia, Tjokorda Gde Tirta Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Study Program Department of Mechanical Engineering Politeknik Negeri Bali Bali Bukit Jimbaran80361 Indonesia Study Program of Doctor in Engineering Engineering Faculty Udayana University Bali Bukit Jimbaran80361 Indonesia

The growth of the metropolitan area has necessitated an increase in the demand for freshwater. One of the issues facing modern life is water treatment plant to supporting the communities. The approaches for treatment of the brackish water were carried out utilizing a wide range of technologies and technology. Many different technologies have been created recently to transform brackish water into freshwater using a variety of methods and equipment. One approach to produce extremely tiny water droplets is ultrasonic vibrating mesh. In this research, the performance of ultrasonic vibrating mesh has been investigated to purified the brackish water. This technique is similar to the distillation method in purification system of water traditionally. The evaluation of performance in this context has revolved around two key metrics: the rate of pure water production and the Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) levels. Notably, the TDS content of brackish water saw a significant reduction, di-minishing by approximately 50 ppm, while the resulting quality of the pure water averaged at 354.6 ppm. Concurrently, the flow rate of pure water output was measured at an impressive 4.3 grams per minute. © 2025 Institute of Physics Publishing. All rights reserved.

关键词： Distillation

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