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The influence of aging time variations on the fatigue life of aluminum alloy 2024-T351

AIP Conference Proceedings 2024年第1期3053卷

作者： I. Made Astika I. Ketut Suarsana Dewa Ngakan Ketut Putra Negara Study Program of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Udayana University Badung Bali 80361 Indonesia

Aluminum and its alloys are used to make a number of automotive components. It is due to aluminum’s light weight, anti-corrosiveness, formability, and affordable price. However, numerous procedures have been carried out to boost its strength due to mechanical characteristics, one of which is artificial aging. The effects of aging on the fatigue life of aluminum 2024-T351 will be examined in this study. The technique of treating the solution involved heating it to 500 oC for an hour and then immediately cooling it to room temperature. By reheating the aluminum alloy to 180 oC and maintaining heat there for a variety of 2, 4, and 6 hours, the fake aging process was continued. The goal was to obtain various precipitation types in anticipation of an increase in the material’s fatigue life. Then, a reversed bending test was carried out with loads of 1.0, 0.9, 0.7, 0.5, and 0.4 σu. The results of the study indicated that aging time had an influence on the fatigue life of aluminum alloy 2024-T351. Fatigue life lengthens with increasing aging time. The increase in fatigue life ranges from 13.3–63.3% compared to aluminum without heat treatment.

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Comparison of Algebraic Reconstruction Technique Methods and Generative Adversarial Network in Image Reconstruction of Magnetic Induction Tomography (MIT)

Comparison of Algebraic Reconstruction Technique Methods and...

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2021 International Conference on Biomedical engineering, ICoBE 2021

作者： Lubis, A.J. Nasir, N.F. Mohd Zakaria, Z. Jusoh, M. Azizan, M.M. Zakaria, M.Z. Kazim, M.N.F.M. Rahman, S. Faculty of Engineering and Computer Science Universitas Harapan Medan Medan Indonesia Computer Engineering Program Faculty of Electronic Engineering Technology Universiti Malaysia Perlis Perlis Malaysia Biomedical Electronic Engineering Program Faculty of Electronic Engineering Technology Universiti Malaysia Perlis Perlis Malaysia Universiti Malaysia Perlis Perlis Malaysia Department of Electrical and Electronic Department Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia Negeri Sembilan Malaysia Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Technology Universiti Malaysia Perlis Perlis Malaysia Mechatronic Engineering Program Faculty of Electrical Engineering Technology Universiti Malaysia Perlis Perlis Malaysia

Magnetic induction tomography (MIT) is a technique used for imaging electromagnetic properties of objects using eddy current effects. The non-linear characteristics had led to more difficulties with its solution especially in dealing with low conductivity imaging materials such as biological tissues. Two methods that could be applied for MIT image processing which is the Generative Adversarial Network (GAN) and the Algebraic Reconstruction Technique (ART). ART is widely used in the industry due to its ability to improve the quality of the reconstructed image at a high scanning speed. GAN is an intelligent method which would be able to carry out the training process. In the GAN method, the MIT principle is used to find the optimum global conductivity distribution and it is described as a training process and later, reconstructed by a generator. The output is an approximate reconstruction of the distribution's internal conductivity image. Then, the results were compared with the previous traditional algorithm, namely the regularization algorithm of BPNN and Tikhonov Regularization method. It turned out that GAN had able to adjust the non-linear relationship between input and output. GAN was also able to solve non-linear problems that cannot be solved in the previous traditional algorithms, namely Back Propagation Neural Network (BPNN) and Tikhonov Regularization method. There are several other intelligent algorithms such as CNN (Convolution Neural Network) and K-NN (K-Nearest Neighbor), but such algorithms have not been able to produce the expected image quality. Thus, further study is still needed for the improvement of the image quality. The expected result in this study is the comparison of these two techniques, namely ART and GAN to get the best results on the image reconstruction using MIT. Thus, it is shown that GAN is a better candidate for this purpose. © 2021 Institute of Physics Publishing. All rights reserved.

关键词： Generative adversarial networks

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Design and Development of a Mobile Goods Transfer Robot Using Waypoint GPS Navigation Method

Design and Development of a Mobile Goods Transfer Robot Usin...

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Sustainable Emerging Innovations in engineering and Technology (ICSEIET), International Conference on

作者： Danang Puji Wiliyanto Slamet Supriyadi Agus Mukhtar Yuris Setyoadi Mega Novita Ankur Dixit Prabhat Singh Rahul Virmani Department of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of Engineering and Informatics Universitas PGRI Semarang Semarang Central Java Indonesia Postgraduate Program of Science Education Universitas PGRI Semarang Semarang Central Java Indonesia Department of Mechanical Engineering ABES Engineering College Ghaziabad Uttar Pradesh India

The use of automated goods transfer robots, capable of autonomously moving items from one point to another without the need for manual operation, is widely adopted in various industries. The Waypoint GPS navigation method can be employed in developing an automated goods transfer robot. This research focuses on the design and development of a robot using two Global Positioning System (GPS) coordinates for navigation and a smartphone as the user interface, equipped with ultrasonic sensors as input. The main components utilized in this robot include the Arduino Mega 2560 microcontroller, neo-7M GPS module, HC-06 Bluetooth module, SR-04 sensor, and omni-directional wheels. The position data is obtained by converting the two GPS coordinates into distance and direction values. These values are further translated into Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) signals, which are used to drive the robot's motors. To avoid collision, fuzzy logic is employed to regulate the PWM signals. The research results demonstrate that the robot can autonomously navigate from one point to another based on the provided coordinates while effectively avoiding obstacles. The findings of this study address a research gap in the application of the Waypoint GPS navigation method for goods transfer robots. The purpose of this research is to design and develop a robot that can autonomously transfer goods using the proposed method. The methodology involves the integration of GPS coordinates, smartphone interface, ultrasonic sensors, and motor control mechanisms. The results indicate successful navigation from the origin to the desired destination, following the specified coordinates, and obstacle avoidance capability. In conclusion, the developed robot utilizing the Waypoint GPS navigation method showcases promising potential for automated goods transfer applications. The ability to operate autonomously, guided by GPS coordinates, and the avoidance of obstacles enhances the efficiency and safety of goods transf

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An Investigation of Ultrashort Pulses Propagation in Atmospheric Turbulence of FSO Communications 9

An Investigation of Ultrashort Pulses Propagation in Atmosph...

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9th International Conference on Electrical engineering, Computer Science and Informatics, EECSI 2022

作者： Darusalam, Ucuk Priambodo, Purnomo Sidi Universitas Nasional Informatics Study Program Universitas Siber Asia of IEEE Photonics Society Informatics Faculty of Information and Communications Technology Jakarta Indonesia Universitas Indonesia IEEE Photonics Society Faculty Engineering Department of Electrical Engineering Depok Indonesia

ISBN: (数字)9786239213565

ISBN: (纸本)9781665470438

The atmospheric turbulence as the natural media of optical propagation for the free-space optical (FSO) communications is the great advantage to reach flexible connection and low-cost deployment but also is the major problem as well. Since, the phenomena of optical propagation in the atmosphere are random process, an optical signal is induced that produces severe effects to the performance. Thus, a method to reach best performance of FSO must be developed intensively to reduce the severe effects of atmospheric turbulence. One of the solutions to reduce those aforementioned effects is an ultrashort pulse implemented in FSO to modulate frequency carrier as the signal of optical propagation. In this paper, an investigation of an ultrashort pulse was performed through simulation. An ultrashort pulse has a great chance to be implemented in FSO since it has shorter width of pulse duration than a short pulse. An ultrashort pulse is generated using optical second harmonic pulse generator that produce a pulse at 50 fs of width. Based on the results of simulation, the ultrashort pulses showing better performance of FSO than short pulses have. © 2022 Institute of Advanced engineering and Science (IAES).

关键词： atmospheric turbulence free-space optical communications optical propagation optical scintillation temporal broadening turbulence effects ultrashort pulses

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Smart Home Gas Sensor Optimization Using Kalman Filter for Data Processing

Smart Home Gas Sensor Optimization Using Kalman Filter for D...

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International Conference on Informatics and Computing (ICIC)

作者： Somantri Muhamad Ikhsan Thohir Alun Sujjada Deni Setiawan Ilham Komara Fikri Ardiansyah Efendi Muhamad Muslih Zubaile Bin Abdullah Mohd Zainuri Saringat Department of Software Engineering University Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia Informatics Engineering Study Program Nusa Putra University Sukabumi Indonesia Informatics Engineering Study Program Nusa Putra University Sukabumi Indonesia Department of Software Engineering University Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia Sukabumi Indonesia Department of Information System Nusa Putra University Sukabumi Indonesia Department of Software Engineering Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia Johor Bahru Malaysia

ISBN: (数字)9798331517601

ISBN: (纸本)9798331517618

The integration of Internet of Things (IoT) technologies into modern homes has enhanced safety and comfort, particularly in detecting gas leaks, which pose serious fire hazards. Gas leaks can often be detected by smell, but this method fails when no one is present. Previous research using microcontrollers and sensors to detect gas leaks faced challenges with accuracy due to noise interference. This paper proposes the use of a Kalman filter, developed by Rudolf Emil Kalman in 1960, to improve gas leak detection accuracy by filtering out noise. The system comprises an Arduino Nano, ESP8266 WiFi module, MQ-2 gas sensor, buzzer, and ThingSpeak cloud platform. By applying the Kalman filter, noise and data oscillations are reduced, enhancing detection accuracy. Experimental results show the system effectively detects gas leaks, provides real-time data, and triggers alarms. Future improvements could include additional sensors and features to further increase the system’s reliability and functionality.

关键词： Accuracy Noise Sensor phenomena and characterization Sensor systems Real-time systems Kalman filters Internet of Things Reliability Leak detection Gas detectors

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A critical review of the integration of renewable energy sources with various technologies

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Protection and Control of Modern Power Systems 2021年第1期6卷 37-54页

作者： Erdiwansyah Mahidin H.Husin Nasaruddin M.Zaki Muhibbuddin Doctoral Program School of EngineeringUniversitas Syiah KualaBanda Aceh23111Indonesia Faculty of Engineering Universitas Serambi MekkahBanda Aceh23245Indonesia Department of Chemical Engineering Universitas Syiah KualaBanda Aceh23111Indonesia Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Universitas Syiah KualaBanda Aceh23111Indonesia Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering Universitas Syiah KualaBanda Aceh23111Indonesia

Wind power, solar power and water power are technologies that can be used as the main sources of renewable energy so that the target of decarbonisation in the energy sector can be achieved. However, when compared with conventional power plants, they have a significant difference. The share of renewable energy has made a difference and posed various challenges, especially in the power generation system. The reliability of the power system can achieve the decarbonization target but this objective often collides with several challenges and failures, such that they make achievement of the target very vulnerable, Even so, the challenges and technological solutions are still very rarely discussed in the literature. This study carried out specific investigations on various technological solutions and challenges, especially in the power system domain. The results of the review of the solution matrix and the interrelated technological challenges are the most important parts to be developed in the future. Developing a matrix with various renewable technology solutions can help solve RE challenges. The potential of the developed technological solutions is expected to be able to help and prioritize them especially cost-effective energy. In addition, technology solutions that are identified in groups can help reduce certain challenges. The categories developed in this study are used to assist in determining the specific needs and increasing transparency of the renewable energy integration process in the future.

关键词： Integration RE Energy source Technology system energy Power system Variable RE

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The effect of anti-solvent containing organofluorine molecules on the characteristics of charge carriers transport and extraction in MAPbI3 based perovskite solar cells

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Applied Physics A 2025年第7期131卷 1-18页

作者： Nurunnizar, Adhita Asma Alifvian, Mohammad Fadli Syarif, Nur Fadhilah Bahar, Herman Hidayat, Rahmat Shobih, Shobih Nursam, Natalita Maulani Kubo, Hitoshi Fujii, Akihiko Ozaki, Masanori Physics of Magnetism and Photonics Research Division Physics Program Study Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Bandung Institute of Technology Bandung Indonesia Research Center for Electronics National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN) KST Samaun Samadikun Jl. Sangkuriang Bandung Indonesia Department of Electrical Electronics and Information Engineering Faculty of Engineering Osaka University Suita Japan Department of Electrical and Electronic Systems Engineering Osaka Institute of Technology Osaka Japan

Introducing passivation molecules has been being considered as one of effective strategies to reduce surface crystal defects and hence improve the performance and stability of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). In this paper, we report the effects of organofluorine molecules, specifically trifluoroacetic acid (TFA), added in the ethyl acetate (EA) anti-solvent on the characteristics of MAPbI3 based PSCs, which are related to interfacial surface states, band bending characteristics and charge extraction processes. Anti-solvents with several volume fractions of TFA were used in the perovskite layer deposition step by the spin-coating technique. The current density vs. voltage (J–V) curve hysteresis was suppressed while the PSC stability and the PSC performance repeatability of the fabrication results were much improved in PSC prepared using EA anti-solvent with moderate volume fraction of TFA (i.e. 5% v/v). These PSC samples were also characterized by measurements of impedance photovoltaic spectroscopy (IMVS) and transient photovoltaic (TPV). By performing TPV measurements at various dc light biases, an unusual delayed TPV decay component with a long rise part was observed, especially at PSCs prepared with moderate volume fractions of TFA in EA anti-solvent. The infra-red (FTIR) spectroscopy and X-ray Photoemission Spectroscopy (XPS) data showed that TFA removed uncoordinated or weakly bonded MA+ cations and I− anions at the NCs surface but leaving the accumulation of Pb2+ cations on the surface. This condition causes the formation of surface states leading to a downward band bending at the MAPbI3/HTL interface, which is responsible to the observation this delayed TPV decay component. However, this situation improves the PSC performance by minimizing the effect from mobile ion migration. These present measurement results thus clearly&

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Analysis on Business Development and Pricing for Electric Vehicle Charging in Indonesia 3

Analysis on Business Development and Pricing for Electric Ve...

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2021 3rd International Conference on E-Business and E-Commerce engineering, EBEE 2021

作者： Santoso, Budi Wahyu Purwanto, Widodo Sustainable Energy System and Policy Research Cluster Universitas Indonesia Depok16424 Indonesia Energy System Engineering Study Program Faculty of Engineering Universitas Indonesia Depok16424 Indonesia Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Universitas Indonesia Depok16424 Indonesia

ISBN: (纸本)9781450387392

Electric Vehicles (EVs) has important role in the successful of energy transition and reducing dependency from fossil fuels. Indonesia has started to develop EVs. One of the challenges is charging infrastructure development, includes business model and pricing scheme to achieve business feasibility. This study analyses business model and pricing mechanism for public charging station in Indonesia where a case study is conducted in Jabodetabek area. Monte-Carlo method is used to estimate charging demand based on current travel data and estimated EVs population in 2025. Cash flow method is used to calculate feasible price for public charging with Fixed and ToU price schemes. EVs home charging cost is also calculated to investigate competitiveness of public charging price for each business model. The results show that prices of public charging business model are competitive compared to cost of home charging. The proposed ToU price scheme for public charging is more competitive compared to fixed price scheme, and also effective to minimize grid load escalation of home charging during busy periods. Furthermore, daily cost of EV charging is calculated and compared to fuel cost of ICE vehicles. The result shows that EV charging cost is lower than fuel cost of ICE vehicles. © 2021 ACM.

关键词： Costs

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Exploring the Influence of Temperature on Sodium Titanate Mineral Formation Using X-Ray Diffraction 2

Exploring the Influence of Temperature on Sodium Titanate Mi...

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2nd International Conference on Physics and Applied Physics, ICP and AP 2023

作者： Noer, Zikri Sihombing, Yuan Alfinsyah Rajagukguk, Juniastel Idamayanti, Dewi Taufik, Dede Amri, Fauzan Agus, Muhammad Abduh Akram Department of Physics Faculty of Vocational Universitas Sumatera Utara Jl. Bioteknologi No. 2 Sumatera Utara Medan20155 Indonesia Department of Physics Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Universitas Sumatera Utara Jl. Bioteknologi No. 1 Sumatera Utara Medan20155 Indonesia Department of Physics Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Universitas Negeri Medan Medan Indonesia Advance Materials Engineering Study Program Department of Foundry Engineering Politeknik Manufaktur Bandung Bandung40135 Indonesia Center for Ceramics Ministry of Industry of Indonesia Jl. Achmad Yani No. 392 Jawa Barat Bandung40272 Indonesia Instrumentation and Control Engineering Technology Politeknik Negeri Indramayu Jawa Barat Indonesia

In this study, an inquiry was conducted to examine the influence of temperature on the crystal structure of sodium titanate (NTO). NTO was synthesized using NaCl, TTIP, citric acid, and ethylene glycol as precursors. The NaCl-citric acid precursor was dissolved in purified water, while the titanium precursor was prepared by blending ethylene glycol with TTIP. After vigorous stirring, the precursor solution was placed in a Teflon-coated stainless steel autoclave, subjected to preheating, and subsequently dried to form a gel. The gel underwent calcination at temperatures ranging from 800 to 1000 °C for 3 hours each. The resulting samples were rinsed with deionized water and dried to eliminate residual NaCl. Based on the results of XRD characterization, the NaTi4O8 phase experienced decomposition into rutile form when the calcination temperature was increased from 800-1000 °C and began to be identified as a rutile phase at a temperature of 900 °C. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.

关键词： Sodium chloride

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Thermogravimetric investigation of Reutealis Trisperma (Blanco) airy shaw and iron sand as bed material at different heating rates pyrolysis 2

Thermogravimetric investigation of Reutealis Trisperma (Blan...

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2nd International Conference on Applied Science and Technology - engineering Sciences, iCAST-ES 2019

作者： Rajendra, I.M. Winaya, I.N.S. Ghurri, A. Wirawan, I.K.G. Department of Mechanical Engineering Politeknik Negeri Bali Kampus Bukit Jimbaran Bali Indonesia Study Program of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of Engineering University of Udayana Bali Indonesia

This study observed the effect of bed material in the pyrolysis process. Also, other parameter such as the heating rate have been observed. The biomass studied is Sunan Candlenut cake. This biomass is a potential commodity as a producer of biodiesel. Through the method of mechanical press and esterification, it will leave waste in the form of a cake that still contains crude oil. Trapped oil can be converted into bio-oil through the pyrolysis technique. Parameters that affect the pyrolysis process include the addition of bed material and heating rate. Pyrolysis of this candlenut cake has been tested to determine the amount of activation energy. Heating rates are varied to 5, 10 and 20 K per minute and bed material used is iron sand. The testing instruments uses Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA). The results show that the lowest activation energy of 15.497 [KJ/mol] is achieved when added iron sand at the heating rate of 10 K per minute. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.

关键词： Heating rate

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