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Characteristics of microwave-assisted pyrolysis of palm kernel shell

AIP Conference Proceedings 2023年第1期2837卷

作者： Novi Caroko Harwin Saptoadi Tri Agung Rohmat Mechanical Engineering Study Program Engineering Faculty Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta Jalan Brawijaya Tamantirta Bantul Yogyakarta 55163 Indonesia Mechanical Engineering Study Program Engineering Faculty Universitas Gadjah Mada Jalan Grafika No. 2 Yogyakarta 55281 Indonesia

The research aims to investigate the kinetic characteristic of microwave-assisted pyrolysis of palm kernel shells using microwave output power (800, 600, 450, and 300 watts). The research consists of three steps; thermogravimetry analysis, microwave-assisted pyrolysis, and kinetic study analysis. This research showed that increased output power affected the decreasing activated energy, increased heating rate, and accelerated pyrolysis. The findings showed that microwave output power significantly affected kinetic characteristics and the production yield of microwave-assisted pyrolysis. Microwave-assisted pyrolysis ran optimally at 800, 600, and 450 watts but had not yet entirely run at 300 watts. The shells produced high solid products because they had a high lignin content (38.76 wt.%). The shell had a volatile matter content of 67.84 wt. %. Analysis using GC-MS showed that the liquid product contains an aromatic compound which was acetic acid and phenol.

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Preliminary study of increasing added value in basalt rocks as raw material for making basalt fiber (Fiber Basalt Reinforced Composite)

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2024年第1期3065卷

作者： Y. Yuliadi Zaenal Elfida Moralista Noufal Abhinaya Maya Almaniar Zulhi Wibiyana Mining Engineering Study Program Faculty of Engineering Islamic University of Bandung Bandung Indonesia

West Java has mining materials from volcanic activities including andesite and basalt. This mining materialis used conventionally as a building (construction) material which is still in the form of ’raw materials’ or ’semi-finished’ so that its use is only carried out simply and the selling value is low. To increase its selling value, basalt rock can be used as a composite construction material in the form of fibers, including composites with the strengthening of basalt fibers (Fiber Basalt Reinforced Composite). This study aims to see the characteristics of basalt rocks that can be made fibers in 3 locations in the Bandung area (Gunung Bohong, Cipatik and Batu Templek) including the characteristics of chemical composition, physical and mechanical properties and mineral composition. The research methodology was carried out by a comparative method by looking at the characteristics of other basalt rocks that can already be used as basalt fibers, namely chemical composition (Al2O3 and SiO2) with the XRF method, testing physical (density) and mechanical properties (tensile strength and Elastic Modulus) and mineral composition with petrography analysis methods by looking at the plagioclase mineral. Based on chemical analysis, of the three samples studied, they were included in the criteria for basalt rocks that can be used for the manufacture of basalt fibers, but in these samples there were chemical compounds that were not included in the criteria, namely the Fe2O3 + FeO and MgO compounds. Then the characteristics of physical properties that are included in the criteria for making basalt fibers are in the Cipatik and Batu Templek samples. Meanwhile, the mechanical properties that are included in the criteria are in the Gunung Bohong and Cipatik samples. Furthermore, for petrography testing, it was concluded that the mineral composition in the three samples studied contained plagioclase minerals by 100%. Thus it can be indicated that the type of rock is basalt rock – and

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Determination of business development strategy using SWOT analysis and quantitative strategic planning (QSPM) to increase sales turnover

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2024年第1期2952卷

作者： Katon Muhammad Alfi Khoerunisak Budi Utami Tigar Putri Adhiana Hasyim Asyari Rani Aulia Imran Industrial Engineering Study Program Engineering Faculty Universitas Jenderal Soedirman Banyumas Indonesia

Rukun Makmur is one of the SMEs in the fisheries sector that cultivates freshwater ornamental lobsters. In 2019, the sales of Rukun Makmur MSMEs increased. However, in 2020, Rukun Makmur MSMEs experienced the impact of the Covid-19 Pandemic, resulting in a decline in sales. Therefore, this study aims to provide a proposed development strategy for MSMEs in Rukun Makmur. The analytical approach used is the tools in the form of CPM (Competitive Profile Matrix), BCG Matrix (Boston Consulting Group), Grand Strategy Matrix, and IE Matrix (Internal-External). As for the decision-making method, namely QSPM (The Quantitative Strategic Planning Matrix). The result of this research is that UMKM Rukun Makmur, compared to competitors, is in second place after UMKM C with a score of 3,013. Then, Rukun Makmur’s MSME market growth of -0.339 was in the medium position and the low position for its market share with a relative market share of 0.49. In addition, MSME Rukun Makmur is in the Hold and Maintain quadrant with a total IFE of 2,725 and an EFE of 2,482. The final result is a Development Strategy prioritized for Rukun Makmur SMEs: Market Penetration with TAS 6,587, Related Diversification with TAS 6,067, and Product Development with TAS 5,687.

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Wear of cylinder liner due to friction load of piston ring with various surface temperature

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2023年第1期2568卷

作者： I. M. Widiyarta I. M. Parwata M. R. Akbar E. F. Baryudha 1Study Program of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Udayana University Bali Indonesia 2Magister of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Udayana University Bali Indonesia

Wear on the cylinder liner as a combustion chamber is generally because of frictional loads by the piston rings. In addition, high temperatures that occur in the combustion chamber may accelerate the wear of the cylinder liner and shorten the service life of the cylinder liner. In this work, the wear test will be carried out on the cylinder liner of a diesel engine due to the friction load by the piston ring with various temperatures of the contact surface between the cylinder liner and the piston ring. The wear test is carried out on a linear reciprocating pin-on-plate wear test machine with the temperature of the contact surface varied from room temperature of 30 to 400°C. The results show the wear rate of the cylinder liner increases with increasing surface temperatures progressively. The wear mechanism occurs possibly by abrasive or adhesion wear and oxidation wear.

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Digital twin for subsea pipeline corrosion monitoring location based on ILI-MFL pipeline operator forum and potentiodynamic test

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2024年第1期3076卷

作者： Ekha Panji Syuryana Muhammad Agus Kariem I. G. N. Wiratmaja Puja M. Irvan Maulana Uriyana Rizki Agus Doctoral Study Program Faculty of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Bandung Institute of Technology Bandung Indonesia Faculty of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Bandung Institute of Technology Bandung Indonesia Faculty of Industrial Technology Pertamina University Jakarta Indonesia Master Study Program Faculty of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Bandung Institute of Technology Bandung Indonesia PT Dago Energi Nusantara Bandung Indonesia

The limitation of subsea pipeline access coupled with limited personnel mobilization due to the COVID-19 pandemic has become a challenge in pipeline inspections. With these limitations, this study’s Inspection Data Management System (IDMS) was carried out by processing data from In Line Inspection-Magnetic Flux Leakage (ILI-MFL) to be developed into digital twin data initiation by simulating anomalies that occur using a potentiodynamic test. The analysis was carried out using the Pipeline Operator Forum (POF) diagram to map the corrosion morphology of the pipeline. Sampling is carried out using pipeline material API 5L-X42 which will form a certain corrosion morphology that represents pinhole, pitting, and general corrosion which is adjusted to the anomalies feature and metal loss depth from pipe tally in the form of length, width, and depth percent of the anomaly to the nominal wall thickness. Potentiodynamic testing was carried out using corrtest instrument 5.0, resulting in tafel polarization to define Resistance of polarization using a stern geary approach. The results are then analyzed to determine the material in resisting damage which shows corrosion rate (for general) and pitting rate (for pitting and pinhole) which is <0.02 mmpy for outstanding, 0.02-0.1 mmpy for excellent, 0.1-0.5 mmpy for good and 0.5-1 mmpy for fair. This digital twin method combined ILI MFL and Potentiodynamic testing to result in the type of anomalies, metal loss depth, dimension of anomalies from the results of the POF diagram, and determination of corrosion rate and pitting rate of API 5L-X42 material in the subsea pipeline.

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Effect of feedback on learning motivation of primary teacher education students in primary school physics courses 10

Effect of feedback on learning motivation of primary teacher...

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10th National Physics Seminar, SNF 2021

作者： Sianipar, L.K. Sitompul, H. Sanjaya, L.A. Puspa, R.W.D. Pertiwi, W.A. Qoiriyah, W. Department of Physics Education Universitas Pelita Harapan Tangerang15811 Indonesia Department of Physics Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science Universitas Negeri Jakarta Indonesia Kartika VIII-1 Senior High School Jakarta Indonesia Islamic Education Management Study Program Faculty Islamic of Education and Teacher Training Muhammad Azim Institute Jambi Indonesia Informatics Engineering Study Program Faculty of Engineering Sheikh Yusuf Islamic University Tangerang Indonesia

Based on the results of the questionnaire distributed to Primary Teacher Education Students, 96% of students said that Physics is difficult to understand because the material is very complex, many formulas, especially the learning process is done online. This study aims to describe the influence of providing feedback on the motivation of Primary Teacher Education Students in primary school physics courses. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative. Meanwhile, the instrument used was a questionnaire which was distributed to 115 elementary school education students. The result of the research shows that giving feedback consistently is able to motivate students. This can be seen from the results of the questionnaires distributed, each indicator is of very good value. © 2021 Institute of Physics Publishing. All rights reserved.

关键词： Students

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Enhancing Field-Scale Bioremediation of Weathered Petroleum Oil-Contaminated Soil with Biocompost as a Bulking Agent

SSRN

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Helmy, Qomarudin Kardena, Edwan Environmental Engineering Study Program Institute of Technology Bandung Ganesa St. No. 10 Bandung-West Java Indonesia Water and Wastewater Engineering Research Group Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering Institute of Technology Bandung Ganesa St. No. 10 Bandung-West Java Indonesia

The field-scale cleanup of petroleum oil-contaminated soils from the Minas Oil Fields in Indonesia was investigated using bioremediation. Sawdust produced from palm fronds was used as a bulking agent, and fermented with manure as an amylolytic and cellulolytic source of microflora. Petrophylic bacteria were used as augmented along with stimulated indigenous microflora overgrown onsite. The findings demonstrated that after 150 days of bioremediation, the operation effectively eliminated 165.79 kg of TPH from 2,565 m3 of contaminated soil, with a recovery cost of 161 USD per m3 of treated soil. The initial average TPH concentration in the soil was 64,799 mg/kg. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Bioremediation

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Grain size effect on tensile and flexural strength of particulate composites reinforced with Acropora waste

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Materials Today: Proceedings 2020年 22卷 156-161页

作者： I Wayan Surata Tjokorda Gde Tirta Nindhia Wayan Edo Yolanda Study Program of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Udayana University Jimbaran Bali-80361 Indonesia

The engineering materials for the construction of cars, ships, planes and other are still dominated by metal materials. However, in recent years the use of metal has begun to decrease and replaced by non-metallic materials such as ceramic and composites. The advantages of ceramic and composite materials compared to metals are good mechanical properties, corrosion resistance, and lower density. Recently the use of composites tends to change from synthetic fiber composites to natural fiber composites because the composite waste of natural fibers is easily decomposed after unused. In this study, the fibers used as a reinforcement of composites were replaced by particulate of Acropora waste. The aims of this study were to obtain baseline data for further development of applied research, in particular, the mechanical properties of composites that will be used as materials for automotive components, such as door panels, dashboards, and seat backs. This study used unsaturated polyester as the matrix, methyl ethyl ketone peroxide as a hardener, with the fibers from the waste of Acropora reefs. The composites were produced by press hand lay-up techniques, with the variation of particulate grain size of 40, 100, and 200 mesh, meanwhile the particulate weight fraction was kept 30% (w/w). The results showed that maximum tensile strength about 23 MPa reached at particulate grain size 100 mesh. Maximum flexural strength around 89 MPa occurred at particulate grain size 40 mesh

关键词： Particulate Acropora grain size tensile strength, flexural strength

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Electrodermal Activity-Based Stress Measurement Using Continuous Deconvolution Analysis Method 1

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1st International Conference on Electronics, Biomedical engineering, and Health Informatics, ICEBEHI 2020

作者： Putri, Yang Sa’ada Kamila Ariyansah Rahma, Osmalina Nur Fajriaty, Nuzula Dwi Putra, Alfian Pramudita Rahmatillah, Akif Ain, Khusnul Biomedical Engineering Study Program Department of Physics Faculty of Science and Technology Universitas Airlangga Surabaya60115 Indonesia Biomedical Signals and Systems Research Group Faculty of Science and Technology Universitas Airlangga Surabaya60115 Indonesia

ISBN: (数字)9789813369269

ISBN: (纸本)9789813369252

Stress is a psychological response that must be handled properly, or it can affect psychology and trigger other complicated diseases. Nowadays, stress measured by filling out stress-related forms or interviews with a psychologist. This method still requires a willingness from the patient to consult their condition, which is often not giving the best result due to late treatment. Therefore, we need a system to monitor a person’s stress level conditions independently so they could be threatened quickly if their state gets worsen. One of the non-invasive methods that can be used to measure stress is an Electrodermal Activity (EDA) sensor. EDA is known to be associated with sweat gland activity regulated by SudoMotor Nerve Activity (SMNA), which response to a stressor. However, the SMNA need to decompose into the Skin Conductance Response (SCR) before it could represent stress condition. Hence, the decomposition stage is essential in measuring the quality of the stress condition. In this study, the EDA sensor placed in the palm to obtain the skin conductivity signal. Then, the skin conductivity signals were deconvolved using the Continuous Deconvolution Analysis (CDA) method to capture the SCR. CDA was chosen because it could produce a zero-based line SCR driver and could separate two overlapping peaks in SCR. The result, CDA is adequate to extract SCR, which is shown by the zero baseline of the SCR driver line with a clear peak. The clear SCR peaks are essential for identifying the responses related to the stimulus (stressor). © 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

关键词： Noninvasive medical procedures

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Renewable energy systems: Comparisons, challenges and barriers, sustainability indicators, and the contribution to UN sustainable development goals

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International Journal of Thermofluids 2023年 20卷

作者： Olabi, A.G. Elsaid, Khaled Obaideen, Khaled Abdelkareem, Mohammad Ali Rezk, Hegazy Wilberforce, Tabbi Maghrabie, Hussein M. Sayed, Enas Taha Dept. of Sustainable and Renewable Energy Engineering University of Sharjah P.O. Box 27272 Sharjah United Arab Emirates Sustainable Energy & Power Systems Research Centre RISE University of Sharjah P.O. Box 27272 Sharjah United Arab Emirates Mechanical Engineering and Design Aston University School of Engineering and Applied Science Aston Triangle Birmingham B4 7ET United Kingdom Chemical Engineering Program Texas A&M University at Qatar P.O. 23874 Doha Qatar Chemical Engineering Department Faculty of Engineering Minia University Elminia Egypt Department of Electrical Engineering College of Engineering in Wadi Alddawasir Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University Saudi Arabia Department of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of Engineering South Valley University Qena83521 Egypt

Because of the harsh environmental impacts of fossil fuels, price fluctuation, and resource limitation, renewable energy resources (RERs) are considered the ultimate solution to overcome these challenges. RERs are also abundant and environmentally friendly. It has been reported that the growth rates in renewable energy installations have increased by 8–9% annually since 2010, reaching a cumulative capacity of 2.9 TW by 2020 and exceeding the growth rate for fossil resources. In this work, the different RERs have been critically discussed in terms of their operation principles, advantages, disadvantages, and associated environmental impacts, focusing on wind and solar energies as the most deployed RERs. Barriers to the full deployment of RERs to replace fossil resources are discussed. Based on the discussion presented on RERs, the contribution of deploying RERs towards the achievement of the United Nations (UN) Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) is also critically discussed. A total of 80 indicators have been identified for RERs' contribution toward the achievement of SDGs. © 2023 The Author(s)

关键词： Environmental impact

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