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METALLIC FUEL FOR NA-COOLED REACTORS WITH AN EXTENDED BURNUP CYCLE

ANNALS OF NUCLEAR ENERGY 1985年第3期12卷 137-150页

作者： BENCHEIKH, A KARAM, RA School of Mechanical Engineering Nuclear Engineering and Health Physics Program Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta GA 30332 U.S.A.

In recent years, various reactors and fuel-cycle concepts have been proposed as alternatives to the (Pu-U)O 2 mixed-oxide fuel cycle. This interest has been stimulated by the need to utilize the U resources and also to contribute to the solution of the proliferation problem. To date, essentially all combinations of fuel-cycle mixes have been considered, except the denatured FBR operating on an extended burnup cycle. The basic feature of the proposed concept is a 233 U 238 U LMFBR using metallic fuel, enriched at the beginning of life to about 6 at. % cooled with Na, and designed to operate in such a way that, once the reactor is built, it only needs natural or depleted U as feed for the rest of the life of the reactor. The denatured breeder simply enriches the U to the level necessary to maintain criticality. Calculations show that the reactivity swing over each refueling interval, the fuel-pin performance and some safety parameters are all within current technology constraints.

关键词： NUCLEAR FUELS

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An innovative method providing an alternative to capstone courses using experiential learning

An innovative method providing an alternative to capstone co...

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2010 ASEE Annual Conference and Exposition

作者： Leonard, William Merrill, Robert Dell, Elizabeth Mechanical Engineering Technology Program Department of Mechanical Engineering Technology Rochester Institute of Technology United States Mechanical Engineering Technology Program Rochester Institute of Technology United States Department of Manufacturing and Mechanical Engineering Technology Rochester Institute of Technology United States

The mechanical engineering technology program at Rochester Institute of technology (RIT) has implemented an alternative to the capstone project technique commonly used to satisfy the ABET Criterion 5 Curriculum section d. (Capstone or other integrating experiences must draw together diverse elements of the curriculum and develop student competence in focusing both technical and non-technical skills in solving problems.)1 A majority of engineering technology and engineering Science programs rely upon a capstone project for providing an integrating experience which, by their very nature, are burdensome to the program resources and invariably suffer many disadvantages in their operation. Due to the size and complexity of capstone projects, the objective in the mechanical engineering technology (MET) program at RIT has been to provide an alternative to the current capstone technique that will provide a superior integrating experience through a series of connected experiential projects integrated into the core classes. This paper will present a method, based on a scheme for experiential learning and innovation,that is a viable and robust alternative to the capstone technique which is easier to implement, will reduce the burden to the program, and provides a more complete integrating experience to the student while strengthening the MET program here at RIT. © American Society for engineering Education, 2010.

关键词： Curricula

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Particle impact compatibility assessment of oxygen preheater 304 stainless steel tubes in gaseous oxygen

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Materials and Design 2025年 254卷

作者： Shunmugasamy, Vasanth C. Chiffoleau, Gwenael J.A. Forsyth, Elliot Laycock, Nicholas J. Kruijer, Alfred Mansoor, Bilal Mechanical Engineering Program Texas A&M University at Qatar Education City Doha Qatar WHA International Inc. Las CrucesNM United States Qatar Shell Research and Technology Center QSTP Doha Qatar Shell Global Solutions International BV The Hague Netherlands Department of Materials Science and Engineering Texas A&M University College StationTX United States

Oxygen preheaters constructed from stainless steel (SS) 304 tubing with multiple bend radius are known to be operated at temperatures > 250 °C, pressures ∼ 50 bar, and gas velocities of 5–10 m/s across process industries. To improve overall efficiency, there is growing interest in raising these operating conditions to 300 °C and 70 bar, which when compared with Compressed Gas Association's recommended Pressure-Velocity design curve, exceed suggested velocity limits for minimizing particle impacts. This necessitates rigorous materials compatibility assessment to mitigate ignition and burnout risks. This work examines particle impact (PI) behavior of SS304 tubes using a custom-built test rig, to evaluate how tube geometry (larger- vs. smaller-radii bends) and operational mode (transient vs. steady flow) affect likelihood of particle ignition and tube kindling. Under transient flow, tubes with larger-radius bends (larger fractional path) exhibited more pronounced iron-particle ignition than those with smaller-radius bends (higher impingement angle), producing molten slag resulting in localized heat-affected zone (∼100 µm) on tube wall. In contrast, no particle ignition occurred under steady flow or when using inert particles. Overall, insights from this study provide a foundation for effective PI testing of curved tubes and supports more informed design and safer operation of oxygen preheaters, when extending beyond conventional guidelines. © 2025 The Author(s)

关键词： Stainless steel

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Computational and experimental study of performance of an artificial ligament: Dacron™ yarn

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Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical engineering 2000年第4期3卷 309-319页

作者： Chu, Tai-Ming Sokol, Miroslaw Fischer, Ian S. Department of Mechanical Engineering Biomedical Engineering Program New Jersev Institute of Technology Newark NJ 07102 United States

The success rate of reconstructing the Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) with prosthetic ligaments is currently low both in humans and animals. The stress distribution in prosthetic ligaments that causes failure is very complex and not yet understood. Therefore, we have begun to develop a Finite Element Model of a prosthetic ACL. Here we describe the normal and contact stresses in Dacron™ yarn (a multi-fibrillar structure) using input data based on experimental measurements of the load and strain of six designed yarns. The results show that the normal and contact stresses in the fibres of the ACL yarn are directly proportional to the yam strains. Increasing the twisting length (transverse deformation) of the yarn increases the normal stress in the fibres and the yarn modulus, but decreases the contact stresses between the fibres. The structural properties of a yarn are dependent on the specific arrangement of various filament types. Increasing the distance between the longitudinal (symmetry) axes of the filaments and the axis of symmetry of the yarn decreases the stresses. © 2000 OPA (Overseas Publishers Association) N.V.

关键词： Yarn

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A hybrid few-group homogenization approach for coupled nodal diffusion-thermal hydraulic analysis of nuclear thermal propulsion reactors

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Annals of Nuclear Energy 2025年 222卷

作者： Smith, Jacob D. Kotlyar, Dan Nuclear and Radiological Engineering and Medical Physics Program George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta 30332-0405 GA United States

Multiphysics coupled analysis for Nuclear Thermal Propulsion (NTP) systems are important for producing accurate core safety margins as the operation dependent thermal–hydraulic (T/H) parameters vary drastically across the core. Through the range of coupled physics model's fidelities, neutronics solutions for NTP reactors are primarily found using Monte Carlo (MC) transport solvers, which produce accurate results at the cost of high computational expense. The motivation for this research is to avoid the computational bottleneck of obtaining high-fidelity, neutronics solutions at every iteration by replacing the MC code with a reduced-order nodal diffusion code. Nodal diffusion analysis is widely used for Light Water Reactors (LWRs) with a standard method that involves pre-generated group constants for unique fuel types homogenized on the assembly level. A series of publications from the authors has detailed the efforts devoted to conducting steady-state, isothermal neutronics modeling of a NERVA-derived NTP reactor core using the nodal diffusion code, DYN3D, with homogenized two-group constant generated with the MC code Serpent and uniform discontinuity factors (UDFs) found using a Jacobian-Free Newton Krylov method (JFNK). The work presented in this paper is the culmination of these efforts, featuring the first demonstration of the finalized hybrid cross section generation approach and the subsequent use in full core simulations. The hybrid approach uses both full core and infinite lattice MC models to efficiently generate two-group homogenized parameters with unique T/H fields representative of a power ramp-up, interpolating on both cross sections and discontinuity factors as a function of control drum angle, fuel temperature, moderator temperature, and moderator coolant density. The results show that the hybrid approach to pre-generating group constants and correction parameters produces a set of data that can be used to obtain accurate – in comparison to the refe

关键词： Equivalence theory Jacobian-Free Newton Krylov Monte-Carlo Nodal diffusion Nuclear thermal propulsion

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Effect of Double Air Injection on Performance Characteristics of Centrifugal Compressor

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Journal of Thermal Science 2015年第1期24卷 10-16页

作者： Toshiyuki Hirano Mizuki Takano Hoshio Tsujita Mechanical Engineering Course Department of Science and Engineering Kokushikan University Advanced Course of Mechanical Engineering Program Tokyo Metropolitan College of Industrial Technology 10-40Higashi-oi 1-chome Shinagawa CityTokyo 140-0011 Tokyo Japan Department of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of Science and Engineering Hosei University

In the operation of a centrifugal compressor of turbocharger, instability phenomena such as rotating stall and surge are induced at a lower flow rate close to the maximum pressure ratio. In this study, for the suppression of surge phenomenon resulting in the extension of the stable operating range of centrifugal compressor to lower flow rate, the compressed air at the compressor exit was re-circulated and injected into the impeller inlet by using the double injection nozzle system. The experiments were performed to find out the optimum circumferential position of the second nozzle relative to the fixed first one and the optimum inner diameter of the injection nozzles, which are able to most effectively reduce the flow rate of surge inception. Moreover, in order to examine the universality of these optimum values, the experiments were carried out for two types of compressors.

关键词： Centrifugal Compressor Performance Nozzle Injection Surge

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Heat transfer performance of serpentine mini-channel cold plate in various Reynolds numbers

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2025年第1期3120卷

作者： Muhammad Aulia Rahman Yusuf Yunus Indro Pranoto Khasani Djati Wibowo Djamari Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering Faculty of Engineering Gadjah Mada University Jl. Grafika No. 2 Kampus UGM Yogyakarta 55281 Indonesia Mechanical Engineering State Vocational High School 2 Ternate Ternate 97727 Indonesia Mechanical Engineering Study Program Faculty of Engineering and Technology Sampoerna University Jakarta 12780 Indonesia

The electric vehicle showcases a promising development in the future. Recently, the most reliable power storage for such a system is a Li-ion battery. The performance of this battery, however, relies on the thermal management system implemented on the vehicle. Albeit having a sufficient performance for the current state of an electric vehicle, enhancement is necessary to make sure that the future requirement is within the remit of the cooling system. One of the simple but powerful enhancements is by employing a mini-channel cold plate. In this study, the performance of a serpentine mini-channel cold plate in various Reynolds numbers (Re) was investigated experimentally. The results illustrate a better mean of cooling of high Re flow, indicated by the lower surface temperature and higher heat transfer coefficient up to 2.1 W/m2·K. Additionally, the performance was then compared to the pressure drop to represent the efficiency of the pumping power requirement of such a system. The highest h/ΔP is observed at Re = 2130.33 which correspond to the mass flow rate of 0.5 LPM. It was found that although having a higher heat transfer coefficient, the efficiency is much lower due to pressure drop rise as the mass flow rate increases.

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Multi-criteria decision model for selection of a material suitable to lightning strike protection in aerospace applications

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Materials Today: Proceedings 2022年 59卷 725-733页

作者： Himagireesh, Ch. Ramji, K. Durga Prasad, K.G. Hari Kiran, V. Department of Mechanical Engineering Engineering and Technology Program GayatriVidyaParishad College for Degree & P.G.Courses Andhra Pradesh Visakhapatnam India Department of Mechanical Engineering Andhra University Visakhapatnam India Department of Mechanical Engineering Avanthi Institute of Engineering and Technology Andhra Pradesh India

In order to protect the aerospace structures against electromagneticinterference (EMI) caused by lightning strikes, metallic meshes or foils are currently being used. But the additional weight of metallic meshes cause counterbalance of weight saving imparted by the composite materials. In this context, Al6061 hybrid metal matrix composite specimens with different proportions of SiC, Al2O3 and fly ash particulates as reinforcement materials have been prepared and tested their characteristics suitability to lightning strike protection (LSP). As there is a conflicting nature among these properties a multi-criteria decision model using AHP, Entropy and TOPSIS techniques with a view to select appropriate specimen to meet the objective. The results of the proposed decision model are compared with that of the other methods VIKOR and PROMETHEE so as to validate the results. The same weightages for the properties are used in all the three methods. The proposed decision model is the robust one for ranking of the materials. © 2021

关键词： Aluminum oxide

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Progress in bio-fibers, bio-films, bio-polymers, and bio-composites for biobased food packaging via bibliometric approach

Food Chemistry Advances

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Food Chemistry Advances 2025年 6卷

作者： Santos, Thiago F. Santos, Caroliny M. Rao, H. Jeevan Sanjay, M.R. Nascimento, J.H.O. Souza, D.F.S. Gapsari, Femiana Raharjo, Rudianto Siengchin, Suchart Postgraduate Program in Chemical Engineering Technology Center Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte Av. Prof. Sen. Salgado Filho 3000 Rio Grande do Norte Natal 59072-970 Brazil Amity Institute of Aerospace engineering Amity University Uttar Pradesh Uttar Pradesh Noida India Natural Composites Research Group Lab Department of Materials and Production Engineering The Sirindhorn International Thai-German School of Engineering (TGGS) King Mongkut's University of Technology North Bangkok (KMUTNB) Bangkok Thailand Mechanical Engineering Department Faculty of Engineering Brawijaya University MT Haryono167 Malang 65145 Indonesia

This bibliometric study examines publications spanning from 1995 to 2023 on biobased materials for food-packaging (BMFP), often proposed as alternatives to petroleum-based on FP. The number of articles related to this topic exhibited an annual growth rate (AGR) of 105.7% from 2019 to 2023 compared to 1995 to 2018, indicating a growing interest in this field over the past 28 years, with 2082 articles published in high-impact journals. Notably, countries such as China, India, and Brazil demonstrate significant scientific output per capita, with influential groups based in institutions from Malaysia and Spain (Universiti Putra Malaysia, IATA, and CSIC). Among over 4,000 key-words, those with high co-occurrence were analyzed to identify crucial research areas and current knowledge gaps. Using the SC database, 1,233 articles from 2019 to 2023 were selected to explore the research landscape and key areas of interest within BMFP. Temporal keyword analysis revealed emerging themes, including active food packaging (AFP) and its antimicrobial capabilities, nanotechnology and composites in FP, biodegradability and edible-films, biopolymers for food-packaging, and pectin-based active packaging materials. Thus, eco-friendly food packaging solutions based on nanoparticles and polysaccharides show prospects for development or contribution to advancements. Consequently, the use of AFP demonstrates a prosperous trend for the food packaging-industry in the future. © 2025 The Author(s)

关键词： Active food packaging Chitosan Edible films Nanoparticles Tensile strength

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Performance analysis of an Injera baking machine by using solar energy

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Materials Today: Proceedings 2022年 56卷 3285-3293页

作者： Suresh, P. Ali, M.D. Irfan Rao, P. Govind Rudrapati, Ramesh Mechanical Engineering Department Bharat Institute of Engineering and Technology Mangalpally Telangana Sagar road Ibrahimpatnam RR Dist India Thermal & Aerospace Program School of Mechanical Chemical and Materials Engineering Adama Science and Technology Ethiopia Mechanical Engineering Department Avanthi Research and Technology Bhogapuram India School of Mechanical Industrial Engineering Bulehora University Bulehora Ethiopia

The majority of Ethiopia's population, primarily women, is susceptible to smoke inhalation during cooking, and they spend the majority of their time striving to collect firewood. Biomass deforestation for cooking harms the rural household economy and contributes to national and global environmental change, such as pollution and health issues. The effort should aim to integrate the Scheffler concentrator with a thermal storage system via the secondary solar cooking reflector in order to stimulate indoor cooking while avoiding concerns associated by carbon inhalation and deforestation. As a result, the Injera bakery system powered by solar thermal energy is born. There is a primary (Scheffler), secondary (reflective), and thermal storage device incorporated, as well as a cooking (pan) mounts. Solid works software was utilized for Scheffler focus and secondary reflector modeling and simulation. The thermal retention capacity of a storage device is determined using heating and cooling curves generated by software modeling and simulation. The findings gained would aid in the development of any comfortable indoor cooking system specifically for rural areas without a grid connection, and as a result of this study, carbon inhalation and deforestation difficulties would be mitigated. Through automation, the output rate would also increase the amount and efficiency of injera. This analysis focuses on the Injera baker concept for domestic applications. © 2021

关键词： Solar energy

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