Large number of antennas and higher bandwidth usage in massive multiple-input-multipleoutput(MIMO)systems create immense burden on receiver in terms of higher power *** power consumption at the receiver radio frequenc...
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Large number of antennas and higher bandwidth usage in massive multiple-input-multipleoutput(MIMO)systems create immense burden on receiver in terms of higher power *** power consumption at the receiver radio frequency(RF)circuits can be significantly reduced by the application of analog-to-digital converter(ADC)of low *** this paper we investigate bandwidth efficiency(BE)of massive MIMO with perfect channel state information(CSI)by applying low resolution ADCs with Rician *** start our analysis by deriving the additive quantization noise model,which helps to understand the effects of ADC resolution on BE by keeping the power constraint at the receiver in *** also investigate deeply the effects of using higher bit rates and the number of BS antennas on bandwidth efficiency(BE)of the *** emphasize that good bandwidth efficiency can be achieved by even using low resolution ADC by using regularized zero-forcing(RZF)combining *** also provide a generic analysis of energy efficiency(EE)with different options of bits by calculating the energy efficiencies(EE)using the achievable *** emphasize that satisfactory BE can be achieved by even using low-resolution ADC/DAC in massive MIMO.
Detecting oriented targets in remote sensing images amidst complex and heterogeneous backgrounds remains a formidable challenge in the field of object *** frameworks for oriented detection modules are constrained by i...
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Detecting oriented targets in remote sensing images amidst complex and heterogeneous backgrounds remains a formidable challenge in the field of object *** frameworks for oriented detection modules are constrained by intrinsic limitations,including excessive computational and memory overheads,discrepancies between predefined anchors and ground truth bounding boxes,intricate training processes,and feature alignment *** overcome these challenges,we present ASL-OOD(Angle-based SIOU Loss for Oriented Object Detection),a novel,efficient,and robust one-stage framework tailored for oriented object *** ASL-OOD framework comprises three core components:the Transformer-based Backbone(TB),the Transformer-based Neck(TN),and the Angle-SIOU(Scylla Intersection over Union)based Decoupled Head(ASDH).By leveraging the Swin Transformer,the TB and TN modules offer several key advantages,such as the capacity to model long-range dependencies,preserve high-resolution feature representations,seamlessly integrate multi-scale features,and enhance parameter *** improvements empower the model to accurately detect objects across varying *** ASDH module further enhances detection performance by incorporating angle-aware optimization based on SIOU,ensuring precise angular consistency and bounding box *** approach effectively harmonizes shape loss and distance loss during the optimization process,thereby significantly boosting detection *** evaluations and ablation studies on standard benchmark datasets such as DOTA with an mAP(mean Average Precision)of 80.16 percent,HRSC2016 with an mAP of 91.07 percent,MAR20 with an mAP of 85.45 percent,and UAVDT with an mAP of 39.7 percent demonstrate the clear superiority of ASL-OOD over state-of-the-art oriented object detection *** findings underscore the model’s efficacy as an advanced solution for challenging remote sensing object detection tasks.
By integrating smart grid technology with home energy management systems, households can monitor and optimise their energy consumption. This allows for more efficient use of energy resources, reducing waste and loweri...
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Railway accidents are an under-scrutinised cause of death in India. Train accidents are caused by various consequences of collisions, derailments, signal errors and so on. Furthermore, when train derailments become di...
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The exponential growth in the scale of power systems has led to a significant increase in the complexity of dispatch problem resolution,particularly within multi-area interconnected power *** complexity necessitates t...
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The exponential growth in the scale of power systems has led to a significant increase in the complexity of dispatch problem resolution,particularly within multi-area interconnected power *** complexity necessitates the employment of distributed solution methodologies,which are not only essential but also highly *** the realm of computational modelling,the multi-area economic dispatch problem(MAED)can be formulated as a linearly constrained separable convex optimization *** proximal point algorithm(PPA)is particularly adept at addressing such mathematical constructs *** study introduces parallel(PPPA)and serial(SPPA)variants of the PPA as distributed algorithms,specifically designed for the computational modelling of the *** PPA introduces a quadratic term into the objective function,which,while potentially complicating the iterative updates of the algorithm,serves to dampen oscillations near the optimal solution,thereby enhancing the convergence ***,the convergence efficiency of the PPA is significantly influenced by the parameter *** address this parameter sensitivity,this research draws on trend theory from stock market analysis to propose trend theory-driven distributed PPPA and SPPA,thereby enhancing the robustness of the computational *** computational models proposed in this study are anticipated to exhibit superior performance in terms of convergence behaviour,stability,and robustness with respect to parameter selection,potentially outperforming existing methods such as the alternating direction method of multipliers(ADMM)and Auxiliary Problem Principle(APP)in the computational simulation of power system dispatch *** simulation results demonstrate that the trend theory-based PPPA,SPPA,ADMM and APP exhibit significant robustness to the initial value of parameter c,and show superior convergence characteristics compared to the residual balancing ADMM.
In this experiment, high-temperature polyethylene terephthalate (PT) was mixed with epoxy resin (ER) that had been thinned with acetone. Sisal fibers were coated with the resulting product. Composites of Coated treate...
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Small-scale pumps for controlling microfluidics have promising applications in drug delivery and chemical *** metal(LM)demonstrates excellent flow pumping performance due to its simple structure and the electrocapilla...
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Small-scale pumps for controlling microfluidics have promising applications in drug delivery and chemical *** metal(LM)demonstrates excellent flow pumping performance due to its simple structure and the electrocapillary effect under an electric ***,LM droplets risk escaping from constrained structures,which can lead to pump *** regulation is also a critical parameter in optimizing chemical reactions in fluidic systems,however,integrating it into a compact system remains ***,we develop a temperature-triggered gallium-based actuator(TTGA)by introducing a gallium(Ga)droplet wetted on a copper(Cu)plate as the core element for flow *** Cu plate prevents the Ga droplet from escaping the chamber and significantly increases the flow *** leveraging the electrochemical method to inhibit the supercooling effect of Ga,the TTGA enables activation/deactivation for flow actuation at different *** investigate the impact of electrode position,solution concentration,and applied voltage on TTGA’s pumping *** dynamically tuning the Ga droplet’s temperature to control phase transition,TTGA allows for accurate flow actuation ***,placing Ga and eutectic Ga-indium(EGaIn)droplets in different channels enables the expected flow divergence for fluids with different *** development of TTGA presents new opportunities in microfluidics and biomedical treatment.
Convolutional autoencoders are used in this research to effectively reconstruct the droplet spreading on smooth surfaces with different wettabilities based on contact angles. Accurate modeling of water droplets on smo...
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The prevailing paradigm in 3D vision involves fully fine-tuning all the backbone parameters of pre-trained models. However, this approach poses challenges due to the large number of parameters requiring tuning, result...
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The prevailing paradigm in 3D vision involves fully fine-tuning all the backbone parameters of pre-trained models. However, this approach poses challenges due to the large number of parameters requiring tuning, resulting in unexpected storage demands. To address these issues and alleviate the computational cost and storage burden associated with full fine-tuning, we propose Point Cloud Prompt Tuning (PCPT) as an effective method for large Transformer models in point cloud processing. PCPT offers a powerful and efficient solution to mitigate the costs associated with full fine-tuning. Drawing inspiration from recent advancements in efficient tuning of large-scale language models and 2D vision models, PCPT leverages less than 0.05 % of trainable parameters, while keeping the pre-trained parameters of the Transformer backbone unchanged. To evaluate the effectiveness of PCPT, extensive experiments were conducted on four discriminative datasets (ModelNet40, few-shot ModelNet40, ScanObjectNN, ShapeNetPart) and four generation datasets (PCN, MVP, ShapeNet55, and ShapeNet34/Unseen21). The results demonstrate that the task-specific prompts utilized in PCPT enable the Transformer model to adapt effectively to the target domains, yielding results comparable to those obtained through other full fine-tuning methods. This highlights the versatility of PCPT across various domains and tasks. Our code is available at https://***/Fayeben/PCPT. IEEE
Existing terramechanics-based dynamic models for tracked vehicles (TRVs) are widely used in dynamics analysis. However, these models are incompatible with model-based controller design due to their high complexity and...
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Existing terramechanics-based dynamic models for tracked vehicles (TRVs) are widely used in dynamics analysis. However, these models are incompatible with model-based controller design due to their high complexity and computational costs. This study presents a novel and simplified terramechanics-based dynamic model for TRVs that can be used in optimization-based real-time motion controller design. To this end, we approximated the track-ground interactions with an averaged term of the track-ground shear stresses to make the model computationally efficient and linearizable. By introducing the concepts of slip ratio and slip angle in the field of wheeled vehicles, the terramechanics-based dynamic model was finally simplified into a compact and practical single-track dynamic model reducing the demand for precise slip ratio measurements. The single-track model enables us to design an efficient motion control scheme by considering lateral and longitudinal dynamics separately. Finally, the proposed dynamic model was verified and validated under various road conditions using a real TRV. Additionally, the performance of different models was compared in simulation as an example to demonstrate that the proposed model outperforms the existing ones in TRV path-following tasks. IEEE
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