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Stem Cell Differentiation: Electrical Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells into Schwann‐Cell‐Like Phenotypes Using Inkjet‐Printed Graphene Circuits (Adv. Healthcare Mater. 7/2017)

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Advanced Healthcare materials 2017年第7期6卷

作者： Suprem R. Das Metin Uz Shaowei Ding Matthew T. Lentner John A. Hondred Allison A. Cargill Donald S. Sakaguchi Surya Mallapragada Jonathan C. Claussen Department of Mechanical Engineering Iowa State University Ames IA 50011 USA Division of Materials Science and Engineering Ames Laboratory Department of Energy Ames IA 50011 USA Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering Iowa State University Ames IA 50011 USA Neuroscience Program Iowa State University Ames IA 50011 USA Department of Genetics Development and Cell Biology Iowa State University Ames IA 50011 USA

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Quantitative study of force sensing while drilling trabecular bone in oral implant surgery

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Journal of Biomechanical science and engineering 2016年第3期11卷

作者： Bin Kamisan, Mohammad Aimaduddin Atiq Kinoshita, Hideaki Nakamura, Fumiya Homma, Shinya Yajima, Yasutomo Matsunaga, Satoru Abe, Shinichi Takano, Naoki Graduate School of Science and Technology Keio University 3-14-1 Hiyoshi Yokohama Kanagawa223-8522 Japan Department of Material Science Tokyo Dental College 2-9-18 Misaki-cho Chiyoda Tokyo Japan Department of Mechanical Engineering Keio University Japan Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Implantology Tokyo Dental College Japan Department of Anatomy Tokyo Dental College Japan

A survey done recently showed that almost 30 percent of the accidents occurred during oral implant surgery were concerned with the mandibular canal in the trabecular bone region and most of them were related to the drilling process. One of the reasons known is due to the clinicians' lack of knowledge and experience. In order to overcome the problem, through the educational approach, we proposed and developed a new system mainly for dental colleges' students, by focusing on drilling the mandibular trabecular bone. The system comes in the form of an oral implant surgery training simulator that enables student to sense the reaction force during drilling. The developed system was then evaluated by expert clinicians and dental college's students. A total of 8 clinicians and 24 students tested all three samples of drilling force database. The clinicians were asked to describe the drilling force based on a stiffness scale while the students are required to drill two samples first before drilling the third sample. They were asked to sketch the third samples based on the comparison of previous samples. Based on the evaluation done, it was found that the quantification of force sensed during drilling could be derived from the combination of drilling force and speed obtained through the relative value of comparison with the previous or accumulated experience of drilling. The results of this study also indicate that the oral implant surgery training simulator could help students learn the difference of drilling force sense dependent on the bone quality through repeated usage and practices. © 2016 The Japan Society of mechanical Engineers.

关键词： Students

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Effect of trace calcium on melting behavior of Ag-Cu-Zn brazing alloy by thermal analysis kinetics

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China Welding 2015年第4期24卷 15-20页

作者：鲍丽龙伟民何鹏吴铭方顾小龙马佳 State Key Laboratory of Advanced Brazing Filler Metals and Technology Zhengzhou Research Institute of Mechanical Engineering Zhengzhou 450001. State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and Joining Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin 150001. School of Materials Science and Engineering Jiangsu University of Science and Technology Zhenjiang 212003. Zhejiang Yatong Soldering & Brazing Material Co. Ltd.

The purity of the brazing alloys applied is necessary to be improved with the increasing cleanness of steel. Calcium is easily brought into the widely ased brazing alloy, Ag-Cu-Zn, during the producing process. This paper aims at revealing the effect of calcium on the melting behavior of the brazing alloy. The thermal analysis kinetics of silver alloy with trace calcium was studied by using differential scanning calorimetry （ DSC ） , and the enthalpy peaks were analyzed by differential methods. The rate constant of phase transformation in the probable brazing temperature range goes up with increasing calcium content, according to the values of the apparent activation energy, E, and the frequeney constant, A. It is concluded that the calcium addition could improve the melting performance of Ag-Cu-Zn brazing alloy.

关键词： silver brazing alloy thermal analysis kinetics melting behavior apparent activation energy frequency constant

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Packing in protein cores

arXiv

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arXiv 2017年

作者： Gaines, J.C. Clark, A.H. Regan, L. O'Hern, C.S. Program in Computational Biology and Bioinformatics Yale University New HavenCT06520 United States Yale University New HavenCT06520 United States Department of Mechanical Engineering & Materials Science Yale University New HavenCT06520 United States Department of Molecular Biophysics & Biochemistry Yale University New HavenCT06520 United States Department of Chemistry Yale University New HavenCT06520 United States Department of Physics Yale University New HavenCT06520 United States Department of Applied Physics Yale University New HavenCT06520 United States

Proteins are biological polymers that underlie all cellular functions. The first high-resolution protein structures were determined by x-ray crystallography in the 1960s. Since then, there has been continued interest in understanding and predicting protein structure and stability. It is well-established that a large contribution to protein stability originates from the sequestration from solvent of hydrophobic residues in the protein core. How are such hydrophobic residues arranged in the core? And how can one best model the packing of these residues? Here we show that to properly model the packing of residues in protein cores it is essential that amino acids are represented by appropriately calibrated atom sizes, and that hydrogen atoms are explicitly included. We show that protein cores possess a packing fraction of φ ≈ 0.56, which is significantly less than the typically quoted value of 0.74 obtained using the extended atom representation. We also compare the results for the packing of amino acids in protein cores to results obtained for jammed packings from disrete element simulations composed of spheres, elongated particles, and particles with bumpy surfaces. We show that amino acids in protein cores pack as densely as disordered jammed packings of particles with similar values for the aspect ratio and bumpiness as found for amino acids. Knowing the structural properties of protein cores is of both fundamental and practical importance. Practically, it enables the assessment of changes in the structure and stability of proteins arising from amino acid mutations (such as those identified as a result of the massive human genome sequencing efforts) and the design of new folded, stable proteins and protein-protein interactions with tunable specificity and affinity. Copyright © 2017, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Proteins

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Nanofence Stabilized Platinum Nanoparticles Catalyst via Facet-Selective Atomic Layer Deposition

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Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) 2017年第32期13卷 2017 Aug;13(32)页

作者： Kun Cao Lu Shi Miao Gong Jiaming Cai Xiao Liu Shengqi Chu Yun Lang Bin Shan Rong Chen State Key Laboratory of Digital Manufacturing Equipment and Technology School of Mechanical Science and Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430074 Hubei P. R. China. State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die and Mould Technology School of Materials Science and Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430074 Hubei P. R. China. Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P. R. China.

A facet-selective atomic layer deposition method is developed to fabricate oxide nanofence structure to stabilize Pt nanoparticles. CeO is selectively deposited on Pt nanoparticles' (111) facets and naturally exposes Pt (100) facets. The facet selectivity is realized through different binding energies of Ce precursor fragments chemisorbed on Pt (111) and Pt (100), which is supported by in situ mass gain experiment and corroborated by density functional theory simulations. Such nanofence structure not only has exposed Pt active facets for carbon monoxide oxidation but also forms ceria-metal interfaces that are beneficial for activity enhancement. The composite catalysts show excellent sintering resistance up to 700 °C calcination. CeO anchors Pt nanoparticles with a strong metal oxide interaction, and nanofence structure around Pt nanoparticles provides physical blocking that suppresses particles migration. The study reveals that forming oxide nanofence structure to encapsulate precious metal nanoparticles is an effective way to simultaneously enhance catalytic activity and thermal stability.

关键词： atomic layer deposition catalyst design facet selective nanofence

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Corrosion behavior of HPT-deformed TiNi alloys in cell culture medium

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2017年第1期1877卷

作者： D. N. Awang Shri K. Tsuchiya A. Yamamoto 1Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Universiti Malaysia Pahang 26600 Pahang Malaysia 2Structural Materials Unit National Institute for Materials Science Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-0047 Japan 3Biomaterials Unit International Center for Material Nanoarchitectonics (WPI-MANA) National Institute for Materials Science Namiki 1-1 Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-0044 Japan

In recent years there are growing interest in fabrication of bulk nanostructured metals and alloys by using severe plastic deformation (SPD) techniques as new alternative in producing bulk nanocrystalline materials. These techniques allows for processing of bulk, fully dense workpiece with ultrafine grains. Metal undergoes SPD processing in certain techniques such as high pressure torsion (HPT), equal-channel angular pressing (ECAP) or multi-directional forging (MDF) are subjected to extensive hydrostatic pressure that may be used to impart a very high strain to the bulk solid without the introduction of any significant change in overall dimension of the sample. The change in the structure (small grain size and high-volume fraction of grain boundaries) of the material may result in the corrosion behavior different from that of the coarse-grained material. Electrochemical measurements were done to understand the corrosion behavior of TiNi alloys before and after HPT deformation. The experiment was carried out using standard three electrode setup (a sample as working electrode; a platinum wire as a counter electrode and a saturated calomel electrode in saturated KCl as a reference electrode) with the surface area of 26.42 mm2 exposed to the EMEM+10% FBS cell culture medium. The measurements were performed in an incubator with controlled environment at 37 °C and 5% CO2, simulating the cell culture condition. The potential of the specimen was monitored over 1 hour, and the stabilized potential was used as the open-circuit potential (EOCP). Potentiodynamic curves were scanned in the potential range from −0.5 V to 1.5 V relative to the EOCP, at a rate of 0.5 mV/s. The result of OCP-time measurement done in the cell culture medium shows that the OCP of HPT-deformed samples shifts towards to the more positive rather than that of BHPT samples. The OCP of deformed samples were ennobled to more than +70 mV for Ti-50mol%. The shift of OCP towards the nobler direction indicates

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Real-time pose estimation and obstacle avoidance for multi-segment continuum manipulator in dynamic environments

Real-time pose estimation and obstacle avoidance for multi-s...

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IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems

作者： Ahmad Ataka Peng Qi Ali Shiva Ali Shafti Helge Wurdemann Hongbin Liu Kaspar Althoefer The Centre for Robotics Research (CoRe) Department of Informatics Kings College London WC2R 2LS United Kingdom Department of Biomedical Engineering Faculty of Engineering National University of Singapore Singapore 117583 Department of Mechanical Engineering University College London Torrington Place London WC1E 7JE United Kingdom School of Engineering and Material Science Queen Mary University of London Mile End Road E1 4NS United Kingdom

ISBN: (纸本)9781509037636

In this paper, we present a novel pose estimation and obstacle avoidance approach for tendon-driven multi-segment continuum manipulators moving in dynamic environments. A novel multi-stage implementation of an Extended Kalman Filter is used to estimate the pose of every point along the manipulator's body using only the position information of each segment tip. Combined with a potential field, the overall algorithm will guide the manipulator tip to a desired target location and, at the same time, keep the manipulator body safe from collisions with obstacles. The results show that the approach works well in a real-time simulation environment that contains moving obstacles in the vicinity of the manipulator.

关键词： Manipulator dynamics Collision avoidance Pose estimation Jacobian matrices Tendons

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Microstructural Investigations on Alloy Mg-2Ca-0.2Mn-0.5Zr-1Y

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IOP Conference Series: materials science and engineering 2017年第1期209卷

作者： S Lupescu C Munteanu B Istrate S Stanciu N Cimpoesu B Oprisan 'Gheorghe Asachi' Technical University of Iasi Faculty of Mechanical Engineering 43 'D. Mangeron' Street 700050 Iasi Romania 'Gheorghe Asachi' Technical University of Iasi Faculty of Material Science and Engineering 61-63 'D. Mangeron' Street 700050 Iasi Romania 'Gr. T. Popa Medicine' University of Iasi Faculty of General Medicine University street nr. 16 Iasi Romania

Authors elaborated a five component material using specific magnesium master alloys with several elements resulting a potential biocompatible and biodegradable alloy. The main goal of the present paper is to investigate the properties of some master Mg-2Ca-0.2Mn-0.5Zr-1Y alloy. The surface morphology was characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). After the XRD analysis, it have been identified the following compounds, such as Mg, Mg2Ca, Mg24Y5, respectively MgY. These compounds have the hexagonal crystallographic structure for Mg and Mg2Ca type, respectively cubic form for Mg-Y and Mg24Y5. The microstructure presents a uniform morphology and an undisclosed zirconium. Also, manganese is embedded in magnesium and Ca forms a lamellar eutectic mixture of Mg2Ca type. In conclusion, Mg-2Ca-0.2Mn-0.5Zr-1Y alloy shows similar characteristics from the microstructure point of view with other biodegradable materials, these alloy could be used as biodegradable implant.

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Corrigendum to “Effect of vanadium micro-alloying on the microstructural evolution and creep behavior of Al-Er-Sc-Zr-Si alloys” [Acta Mater. 124 (2017) 501–512]

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Acta materialia 2017年 133卷 440-440页

作者： Dinc Erdeniz Wahaz Nasim Jahanzaib Malik Aaron R. Yost Sally Park Anthony De Luca Nhon Q. Vo Ibrahim Karaman Bilal Mansoor David N. Seidman David C. Dunand Department of Materials Science and Engineering Northwestern University 2220 Campus Drive Evanston IL 60208 USA Department of Materials Science and Engineering Texas A&M University 575 Ross Street College Station TX 77843 USA NanoAl LLC 8025 Lamon Avenue Ste 446 Skokie IL 60077 USA Mechanical Engineering Program Texas A&M University at Qatar Education City Doha Qatar Northwestern University Center for Atom-Probe Tomography Northwestern University 2220 Campus Drive Evanston IL 60208 USA

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Use of AHP for risk based fatigue degradation inspection analysis of topside piping on offshore production and process facilities

Use of AHP for risk based fatigue degradation inspection ana...

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IEEE International Conference on Industrial engineering and engineering Management

作者： Arvind Keprate R.M. Chandima Ratnayake Department of Mechanical and Structural Engineering and Material Science University of Stavanger Norway

ISBN: (纸本)9781467380676

Currently, a three-staged, risk-based approach given in the Energy Institute (EI) guidelines is employed to identify fatigue critical locations on topside piping. EI guidelines provide guidance for various stages of the risk assessment. However, authors feel that the qualitative methodology employed during stage 1 for identifying fatigue critical system is cumbersome. The paper thus proposes an alternative methodology to prioritize inspection of Potential Fatigue Critical Locations (PFCLs) on topside piping based on the Composite Priority Weights (CPWs) obtained from Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). An illustrative case study is performed, within which the hierarchy tree structure is developed. Thereafter, the CPWs of piping locations in different units are obtained. Thereby, the locations with high CPWs are prioritized for the quantitative assessment during the stage 2 of the risk assessment.

关键词： Fatigue Inspection Vibrations Risk management Guidelines Degradation Monitoring

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