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SSRN 2023年

作者： Babu, Aravind Ebrahimi, Amin Wu, Kuo-Hao Richardson, Ian Malcom Hermans, Marcel J.M. Department of Material Science and Engineering Faculty of Mechanical Maritime and Materials Engineering Delft University of Technology Delft2628CD Netherlands

Additive manufacturing (AM) offers a significant potential for producing metallic parts with distinctly localised microstructures and mechanical properties, commonly referred to as functional grading. Functional grading in metal additive manufacturing is frequently accomplished through variations in composition or the implementation of in-situ thermo-mechanical techniques. Focusing on the electric arc-based additive manufacturing process, this study investigates the functional grading of high-strength steel (S690 grade) using a new technique by adjusting the travel speed and inter-pass temperature. It is demonstrated, through a combination of thermal simulations and experimental measurements on single bead-on-plate depositions, that the microstructure and the mechanical properties of parts manufactured through electric arc-based additive manufacturing can be controlled through the rational adjustment of process parameters. To exhibit functional grading, a rectangular block was fabricated using a constant wire feed rate of 6 m min−1, while the travel speed was varied. The rectangular block consisted of a region of low heat input (LHI) deposited with a travel speed of 20 mm s−1, situated between two zones of high heat input (HHI) that were deposited with a travel speed of 8 mm s−1. The results of the microstructural characterization revealed that the HHI zones were composed of a mixture of polygonal ferrite, acicular ferrite, and bainite, while the LHI region was primarily comprised of martensite. The hardness and profilometry-based indentation plastometry (PIP) measurements indicated that the LHI region exhibited higher hardness and strength, but lower elongation, compared to the HHI zones. The microstructural variation and associated changes in mechanical properties observed in this study demonstrate the potential to achieve functional grading by adjusting process parameters in electric arc-based additive manufacturing. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： 3D printing

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Drying of Industrial Sanitary Ware at Low Temperature: A Theoretical and Experimental Investigation

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Defect and Diffusion Forum 2023年 429卷 152-161页

作者： Gomez, Ricardo Soares Gomes, Kelly Cristiane Gurgel, José Maurício Alves de Matos da Silva, Fabio Emanuel França Alves, Laís Belizário Magalhães, Hortência Luma Fernandes de Lima, Antonio Gilson Barbosa Postgraduate Program in Mechanical Engineering Federal University of Paraíba Paraíba João Pessoa58051-900 Brazil Department of Renewable Energy Engineering Federal University of Paraíba Paraíba João Pessoa58051-900 Brazil Dexco S.A Paraíba João Pessoa58082-797 Brazil Science and Technology Institute Federal University of Jequitinhonha and Mucuri Valleys Minas Gerais Diamantina39100-000 Brazil Department of Mechanical Engineering Federal University of Campina Grande Paraíba Campina Grande58429-900 Brazil

Sanitary ware, including toilets, washbasins, and bathtub, plays a crucial role in maintaining hygiene and sanitation in various settings. The drying process is a critical stage in the manufacturing of ceramic sanitary ware, as it influences product quality, production efficiency, and energy consumption. Then, the purpose of this work is to investigate the drying of sanitary ware at low temperature by experiments and empirical mathematical models. The idea is to accurately predict moisture loss of the ceramic parts under different operational conditions. Results of the drying kinetics have shown that higher temperatures and lower air relative humidity accelerate the drying process. Also, no cracks or fissures were observed as a result of drying sanitary ware at low temperatures and the two-term model provides the best fit for the dimensionless average moisture content as a function of the time. These findings contribute to a better understanding of the drying process and support the optimization of sanitary ware manufacturing. © 2023 Trans Tech Publications Ltd, Switzerland.

关键词： Drying

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Raindrop energy-powered autonomous wireless hyetometer based on liquid-solid contact electrification

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2022年第2期8卷 175-183页

作者： Chaoqun Xu Xianpeng Fu Chengyu Li Guoxu Liu Yuyu Gao Youchao Qi Tianzhao Bu Yuanfen Chen Zhong Lin Wang Chi Zhang Center on Nanoenergy Research School of Physical Science&TechnologySchool of Mechanical EngineeringGuangxi UniversityNanning 530004China CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-nano Energy and SensorBeijing Institute of Nanoenergy and NanosystemsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 101400China School of Nanoscience and Technology University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China School of Material Science and Engineering Georgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGA 30332USA

Triboelectric nanogenerators(TENGs)can directly harvest energy via solid-liquid interface contact electrification,making them very suitable for harvesting raindrop energy and as active rainfall *** technology is promising for realizing a fully self-powered system for autonomous rainfall monitoring combined with energy harvesting/***,we report a raindrop energy-powered autonomous rainfall monitoring and wireless transmission system(R-RMS),in which a raindrop-TENG(R-TENG)array simultaneously serves as a raindrop energy harvester and rainfall *** a rainfall intensity of 71 mm/min,the R-TENG array can generate an average short-circuit current,open-circuit voltage,and maximum output power of 15 pA,1800 V,and 325 pW,*** collected energy can be adjusted to act as a stable 2.5 V direct-current source for the whole system by a power management ***,the R-TENG array acts as a rainfall sensor,in which the output signal can be monitored and the measured data are wirelessly *** a rainfall intensity of 71 mm/min,the R-RMS can be continuously powered and autonomously transmit rainfall data once every 4 *** work has paved the way for raindrop energy-powered wireless hyetometers,which have exhibited broad prospects in unattended weather monitoring,field surveys,and the Internet of Things.

关键词： energy autonomous harvesting

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Mass transport in a highly immiscible alloy on extended shear deformation

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Journal of materials science & Technology 2023年第3期134卷 197-208页

作者： Miao Song Jia Liu Xiaolong Ma Qin Pang Matthew J.Olszta Joshua Silverstein Madhusudhan R.Pallaka Peter V.Sushko Suveen N.Mathaudhu Cynthia Powell Arun Devaraj Bharat Gwalani Physical and Computational Sciences Directorate Pacific Northwest National Laboratory902 Battelle BoulevardRichlandWA 99354USA Energy and Environmental Directorate Pacific Northwest National Laboratory902 Battelle BoulevardRichlandWA 99354USA Material Science and Engineering Program University of CaliforniaRiversideCA92521USA Colorado School of Mines 1500 Illinois St.GoldenCO 8040USA Department of Materials Science and Engineering North Carolina State UniversityRaleighNC27695-7907USA State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy Central South Uni-versityChangsha 410083China

Forced mixing to a single-phase or supersaturated solid solution(SSS)and its prerequisite microstructure evolution in immiscible systems has been a focus of research for fundamental science and practical *** the formation of SSS by shear deformation could enable a material design beyond conventional equilibrium microstructure in immiscible ***,a highly immiscible Cu-50 at.%Cr binary alloy(mixing enthalpy of∼20 kJ mol^(−1))was employed to investigate the microstructure evolution and localized tendencies of SSS during severe shear *** results demonstrate the dislocation mediated microstructural refinement process in each phase of the binary alloy and the mechanisms associated with localized solute supersaturation as a function of shear *** grain refinement in the softer Cu phase occurs owing to the strain localization driving the preferential dynamic *** grain refinement of the Cr phase,however,is enabled by the progressive evolution of grain lamination,splitting,and fragmentation as a function of shear *** solute supersaturation is found to be strongly dependent on the local environments that affect the dislocation activity,including the level of microstructure refinement,the interfacial orientation relationship,the mechanical incompatibility,and the localized preferential phase *** initio simulations confirm that it is more favorable to oxidize Cr than Cu at incoherent Cu/Cr interfaces,limiting the mass transport on an incoherent *** results unveil the mechanism underpinning the non-equilibrium mass transport in immiscible systems upon severe deformation that can be applied to produce immiscible alloys with superior mechanical properties.

关键词： Tribology Immiscible alloys Nanostructures Shear deformation Forced mixing Atom probe

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Biomimetic surfaces with patterned wettability for improved dehumidification/air condition efficiency 2

Biomimetic surfaces with patterned wettability for improved ...

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2nd International Conference on materials Chemistry and Environmental engineering, CONF-MCEE 2022

作者： Fang, Mingjia Tang, Haoyang Ke, Gege Li, Guanying School of Metal Materials Engineering Jiangsu University of Science and Technology of Materials Science and Engineering Jiangsu Zhenjiang212000 China School of Mechanical and Mining Engineering The University of Queensland BrisbaneQLD4072 Australia School of Environmental Science Chemistry Duke Kunshan University Jiangsu Kunshan215316 China Material Science and Engineering University of North Texas DentonTX76201 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781510657205

Dehumidification has a massive impact on the energy efficiency of the air condition system. Condensation is a common way to achieve dehumidification. However, a certain amount of energy is required for harvesting water from the air through condensation. A hybrid hollow fiber membrane system proves to be effective in lowering the consumption of energy. However, the surfaces with patterned wettability receives inadequate attention despite its potential to achieve energy-efficient dehumidification. This review casts a view on the mechanism of condensation via patterned surfaces, which are normally originated from natural biomimetic surfaces. Then, three kinds of surfaces, including the completely hydrophobic surface, completely hydrophilic surface, and the hybrid surface, is employed to explain the working principles of dehumidification via condensation. Besides, the connection between air conditioning and dehumidification and an application that involves a membrane dehumidification and water harvest system for condensation are introduced. It can be concluded that the patterned surfaces do have potentials that can be adopted to air conditioning, considering its exceptional condensation capability. © 2022 SPIE.

关键词： Condensation

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Prediction and Analysis of Post-Treatment of Sustainable Walnut Shell/Co-PES Parts by Laser Sintering

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Journal of Renewable materials 2021年第2期9卷 351-364页

作者： Yueqiang Yu Suling Wang Minzheng Jiang Yanling Guo Ting Jiang Northeast Petroleum University College of Mechanical Science and EngineeringDaqing163318China Northeast Forestry University College of Mechanical and Electrical EngineeringHarbin150040China Northeast Forestry University Research and Development Center of 3D Printing Material and TechnologyHarbin150040China

In order to enhance the strength of sustainable walnut shell/Co-PES(WSPC)sintered parts,wax-filtrated posttreatment was carried *** effects of treating fluid temperature,preheating time and immersion time on the bending strength of WSPC wax-filtrated parts were analyzed by single factor analysis *** obtain an accurate model for predicting the bending strength of the WSPC wax-filtrated part,the experiments were involved by using Box-Behnken design(BBD).Main parameters,such as treating fluid temperature,preheating time and immersion time,and their interactive effects were analyzed through analysis of variance(ANOVA)and graphical *** results demonstrated that all parameters’direct effects were significant to bending strength of the WSPC wax-filtrated *** optimum value was 5.0 MPa when the treating fluid temperature of 70°C,preheating time of 50 min,and immersion time of 20 *** predicted models effectively validated had good predicting *** WSPC wax-filtrated part using optimal processing parameters was processed by investment casting,and then the metal casting of dimensional stability and smooth surface was *** casting was done using WSPC wax-filtrated parts under optimal process parameters and then metal parts with stable structure size and smooth surface can be obtained,which indicates that WSPC material can be used for investment casting.

关键词： Agricultural and forestry wastes three-dimensional printing selective laser sintering post processing response surface methodology

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Understanding operating characteristics of polymer electrolyte membrane water electrolyzer for developing optimal machine learning techniques 13

Understanding operating characteristics of polymer electroly...

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13th International Conference on Information and Communication Technology Convergence, ICTC 2022

作者： Kim, Sangwon Kim, Jitae Kim, Dong Kyu Bio Sensor and Material Group KIST-Europe Saarbrueken Germany School of Computer Science and Engineering Chung-Ang University Seoul Korea Republic of School of Mechanical Engineering Chung-Ang University Seoul Korea Republic of

ISBN: (数字)9781665499392

ISBN: (纸本)9781665499392

This study conducts parametric study on polymer electrolyte membrane water electrolyzer (PEMWE). By understanding operating characteristics of PEMWE depending on various operating conditions, we can apply optimal machine learning techniques for PEMWE system. First, Changes in operating voltage of PEMWE is analyzed depending on mass flow rate of water. As flow rate increases, the voltage decreases. Since the concentration of water is high when the flow rate of water is high, lower voltage is observed, so that efficiency of PEMWE become increases. Second, the voltage is low at high temperature. High operating temperature lowers activation loss of electrochemical cell, the efficiency increases at high operating temperature. Lastly, performance map of PEMWE is suggested depending on mass flow rate and operating temperature. Through understanding operating characteristics of PEMWE, we can develop proper machine learning techniques for PEMWE system. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： Temperature

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High Performance, Multilayer Copper-Graphene Micro-Foam Wicks for Vapor Chambers

High Performance, Multilayer Copper-Graphene Micro-Foam Wick...

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Electronic Components and Technology Conference (ECTC)

作者： Alex Moss Antonia Antoniou Vanessa Smet School of Material Science and Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta GA School of Mechanical Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta GA

Over the years, the drive for the miniaturization of electronic packages has resulted in continuous thermal densification and increasing intensity and impact of hot spots on thermal reliability. This brings the need for advanced, near-junction heat-spreading solutions beyond the capability of copper thermal pads. Two-phase closed systems like vapor chambers and heat pipes have gained momentum to address this grand challenge. Continuous miniaturization of these advanced thermal structures requires innovation in wick materials. Recent advancements in cooling technologies have introduced two-phase closed systems like vapor chambers to help with thermal dispersion; however, continuous miniaturization requires further development into a wick's structural and material design for vapor chambers to keep up. Copper-graphene composites have emerged as a potential pathway for material innovation in thermal and electrical systems. In this research, stochastic copper foams are used as a backbone for the synthesis of multilayer copper-graphene foams to create a composite of higher thermal capabilities than traditional pure copper. Composite foams of various cell sizes were fabricated and characterized for improvement analysis on the addition of a fully connected graphene structure. Thermal, electrical, surface, and structural analysis is performed to understand how the fabrication of the composite affects both the original copper backbone and the final composite. Multilayer copper-graphene composite foams show promise in advancing thermal management materials for future electronic packaging technologies.

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engineering of dendritic dopant-free hole transport molecules:enabling ultrahigh fill factor in perovskite solar cells with optimized dendron construction

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science China Chemistry 2021年第1期64卷 41-51页

作者： Wei Chen Yang Wang Bin Liu Yajun Gao Ziang Wu Yongqiang Shi Yumin Tang Kun Yang Yujie Zhang Weipeng Sun Xiyuan Feng Frédéric Laquai Han Young Woo Aleksandra B.Djurisic Xugang Guo Zhubing He Department of Materials Science and Engineering Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China Department of Physics The University of Hong KongPokfulamHong KongChina King Abdullah University of Science and Technology KAUST Solar CenterPhysical Sciences and Engineering DivisionMaterial Science and Engineering ProgramThuwal 23955-6900Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Department of Chemistry Korea UniversitySeoul 02841South Korea

Developing dopant-free hole-transporting materials(HTMs)for high-performance perovskite solar cells(PVSCs)has been a very active research topic in recent years since HTMs play a critical role in optimizing interfacial charge carrier kinetics and in turn determining device ***,a novel dendritic engineering strategy is first utilized to design HTMs with a D-A type molecular framework,and diphenylamine and/or carbazole is selected as the building block for constructing *** HTMs show good thermal stability and excellent film morphology,and the key optoelectronic properties could be fine-tuned by varying the dendron *** them,MPA-Cz-BTI and MCz-Cz-BTI exhibit an improved interfacial contact with the perovskite active layer,and non-radiative recombination loss and charge transport loss can be effectively ***,high power conversion efficiencies(PCEs)of 20.8%and 21.35%are achieved for MPA-Cz-BTI and MCz-Cz-BTI based devices,respectively,accompanied by excellent long-term storage *** encouragingly,ultrahigh fill factors of 85.2%and 83.5%are recorded for both devices,which are among the highest values reported to *** work demonstrates the great potential of dendritic materials as a new type of dopant-free HTMs for high-performance PVSCs with excellent FF.

关键词： dendritic molecules hole-transporting materials dopant-free ultrahigh fill factor perovskite solar cells

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Coupling of mechanical deformation and electromagnetic fields in biological cells

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Reviews of Modern Physics 2022年第2期94卷 025003-025003页

作者： Mehdi Torbati Kosar Mozaffari Liping Liu Pradeep Sharma Departments of Mechanical Engineering Physics and the Materials Science and Engineering Program University of Houston Houston Texas 77204 USA

The cell, as the most fundamental unit of life, is a microcosm of biology in which the confluence of nearly all aspects of classical physics (mechanics, statistical physics, condensed matter, and electromagnetism) plays out. This leads to a rich and complex emergent behavior that determines the entire gamut of biological functions. Specifically, at the cellular scale, mechanical forces and deformations are inextricably linked to electrical fields (and, to a lesser degree, magnetic fields). This in turn is responsible for phenomenology such as cell-cell communication, morphological evolution, cell fusion, self-assembly, cell fission, magnetoreception, endocytosis, and adhesion, among others. From the viewpoint of biomedicine, cellular response to the combined influence of electrical, magnetic, and mechanical fields has applications in cancer treatment, targeted transfer of medicine, gene therapy, and wound amelioration. As an example of the profound influence of the combined electrical-mechanical coupling, one needs to take cognizance only of the operation of ion channels that form the basis for our sensing system (such as hearing, sight, and tactile sense). The coupled mechanical and electromagnetic behavior of a cell is a highly interdisciplinary endeavor and this review provides a distillation of both the theoretical underpinnings of the subject and the pertinent biological interpretation. The key developments pertaining to this topic are reviewed, a unified mathematical framework that couples nonlinear deformation and electromagnetic behavior as germane for soft biological entities is summarized, gaps in current knowledge are pointed out, and the central issues that are pertinent to future research are commented upon.

关键词： Electromagnetism mechanical deformation

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