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Numerical study on high intensity focused ultrasound therapy using array transducer

Physics Procedia 2010年第1期3卷 315-322页

作者： Kohei Okita Kazuyasu Sugiyama Kenji Ono Shu Takagi Yoichiro Matsumoto RIKEN CIPS VCAD System Research Program Functionality Simulation and Information Team 2-1 Hirosawa Wako Saitama 351-0198 Japan The University of Tokyo Department of Mechanical Engineering Tokyo Japan RIKEN Computational Science Research Program Integrated Simulation of Living Matter Group Organ and Body Scale Team Saitama Japan

The development of the HIFU therapy for the deeply placed cancer such as the liver cancer and brain cancer has been desired. One problem is the displacement of the focal point due to the reflection and refraction of ultrasound. In the present study, the HIFU therapy for the brain cancer through a skull with a bowl-shape array transducer is performed numerically. Our approach is to solve the mass and momentum equations for mixture with the equation of state of media. The nonlinearity is mainly taken into account through the equation of state of the media. The three-dimensional controllability of the focal point by the array transducer with a phase delay is examined. As the result of the ultrasound propagation through the skull with the phase delay, we obtain a clear focal point where the peak pressure is higher than that without the phase delay. Therefore, the array transducer with the appropriate phase delay enables to assign the focal point to the target adequately, even if the ultrasound propagates through the inhomogeneous medium as a human skull.

关键词： Theraputic ultrasound HIFU Numerical simulation Voxel phantom Array transducer

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Heat Transfer Characteristics in the Divergent Channel with V/Λ-shaped Ribs

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Journal of the Chinese Society of mechanical Engineers, Transactions of the Chinese Institute of Engineers, Series C/Chung-Kuo Chi Hsueh Kung Ch'eng Hsuebo Pao 2016年第6期37卷 647-651页

作者： Lee, Myung-Sung Ahn, Soo-Whan Evaluation Team Gyeongnam Institute for Regional Program Evaluation 18 Beon-gil Uichang-gu Changwon51395 Korea Republic of Dpt of Mechanical and System Engineering Institute of Marine Industry Gyeongsang National University Tongyeong53064 Korea Republic of

Heat transfer enhancements are presented for a rectangular divergent channel with two opposite walls arranged with V-shaped ribs pointing upstream or downstream relative to the main stream flow direction. The rib height-to hydraulic diameter ratio is 0.1 at outlet of test section, with rib attack angles of 30°, 45° and 60°. The ribbed divergent channel test section with length of 1, 000 mm has the cross sectional area of 100×50 mm2 at the inlet and 100×100 mm2 at the outlet. The V-shaped 45° angled ribs produce the highest heat transfer enhancement and the Λ -shaped 30° angled ribs have the worst pressure drop penalty. © 2016, Chinese mechanical engineering Society. All right reserved.

关键词： Stream flow

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Guest Editorial: Special Issue on Technology Trends in Control, Robotics and systems - For the 30th Anniversary of the Institute of Control, Robotics and systems -

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Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and systems 2024年第4期30卷 295-295页

作者： Ko, Nak Yong Kang, Taesam Song, Jin Woo Lim, Myo Taeg Jo, Kang-Hyun Department of Electronic Engineering Interdisciplinary Program in IT-Bio Convergence System Chosun University Korea Republic of Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Konkuk University Korea Republic of Department of Intelligent Mechatronics Engineering Sejong University Korea Republic of School of Electrical Engineering Korea University Korea Republic of Department of Electrical Electronic and Computer Engineering University of Ulsan Korea Republic of

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Surface tension assisted dynamic and uniform size generation of 3D spherical hydrogels (STA-DUH) 22

Surface tension assisted dynamic and uniform size generation...

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22nd International Conference on Miniaturized systems for Chemistry and Life Sciences, MicroTAS 2018

作者： Koduri, Manohar Prasad Garden, Tom Hunt, John A. Henstock, James Curran, Judith Tseng, Fan-Gang International Intercollegiate PhD Program NTHU Hsinchu Taiwan Department of Mechanical Materials and Aerospace School of Engineering University of Liverpool United Kingdom School of Science and Technology Nottingham Trent University NottinghamNG11 8NS United Kingdom Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease William Henry Duncan Building University of Liverpool United Kingdom Engineering and System Science Frontier Research Center on Fundamental and Applied Sciences of Matters National Tsing Hua University Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)9781510897571

Technologies like additive manufacturing, microfluidics, and electrospray show a possibility of generating a variety of 3-Dimensional structures but seriously suffer in adapting and utilizing the wide variety of available biocompatible materials because of innate diverse physical and chemical properties of biomaterials. It is very important to have a technology which can be viable and dynamically adaptable for different types of materials in generating uniform structures. This work presents a novel cell-laden hydrogel generation using the surface tension phenomenon in controlling the size of the hydrogel. Copyright © (2018) by Chemical and Biological Microsystems Society. All rights reserved.

关键词： Surface tension

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multi-kernel and multi-scale learning based deep ensemble model for predicting recurrence of non-small cell lung cancer

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PeerJ Computer Science 2023年 9卷

作者： Kim, Gihyeon Park, Young Mi Yoon, Hyun Jung Choi, Jang-Hwan Department of Computational Medicine Graduate Program in System Health Science and Engineering Ewha Womans University Seoul Korea Republic of Department of Molecular Medicine College of Medicine Ewha Womans University Seoul Korea Republic of Department of Radiology Veterans Health Service Medical Center Seoul Korea Republic of Division of Mechanical and Biomedical Engineering Graduate Program in System Health Science and Engineering Ewha Womans University Seoul Korea Republic of Department of Artificial Intelligence Ewha Womans University Seoul Korea Republic of

Predicting recurrence in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) before treatment is vital for guiding personalized medicine. Deep learning techniques have revolutionized the application of cancer informatics, including lung cancer timeto-event prediction. Most existing convolutional neural network (CNN) models are based on a single two-dimensional (2D) computational tomography (CT) image or three-dimensional (3D) CT volume. However, studies have shown that using multiscale input and fusing multiple networks provide promising performance. This study proposes a deep learning-based ensemble network for recurrence prediction using a dataset of 530 patients with NSCLC. This network assembles 2DCNNmodels of various input slices, scales, and convolutional kernels, using a deep learning-based feature fusion model as an ensemble strategy. The proposed framework is uniquely designed to benefit from (i) multiple 2D in-plane slices to provide more information than a single central slice, (ii) multi-scale networks and multi-kernel networks to capture the local and peritumoral features, (iii) ensemble design to integrate features from various inputs and model architectures for final prediction. The ensemble of five 2D-CNN models, three slices, and two multi-kernel networks, using 5×5 and 6×6 convolutional kernels, achieved the best performance with an accuracy of 69.62%, area under the curve (AUC) of 72.5%, F1 score of 70.12%, and recall of 70.81%. Furthermore, the proposed method achieved competitive results compared with the 2D and 3D-CNN models for cancer outcome prediction in the benchmark studies. Our model is also a potential adjuvant treatment tool for identifying NSCLC patients with a high risk of recurrence. © 2023 Kim et al.

关键词： Neural network models

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Design and prototype development of advanced oxidation black and gray water treatment systems

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 2006年第3期118卷 51-64页

作者： Markle, Stephen P. CDR. STEPHEN P. MARKLE USN (REt.)P.E.a retired US Navy Engineering Duty Officer and is the Engineering Director for Navalis Environmental Systems. His active duty assignments included the staff of the Chief of Naval Operations Director of Surface Warfare as Section Head for Surface Combatant Maintenance and Modernization Program Executive Office Expeditionary Warfare as Assistant Project Manager for the (TAKE 1)Class Program and as Deputy Director Environmental Programs Division at Naval Sea Systems Command. He is a 1993 graduate of the Naval Construction and Engineering Program at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology where he received a Naval Engineers Degree and Master of Science in Mechanical Engineering. Since 1995 he has authored thirteen published technical papers dealing with environmental issues. CDR Markle is the recipient of Fiscal Year 2001 Individual Environmental Quality Awards and Environmental Excellence in Weapon System Acquisition Team Awards from Naval Sea Systems Command Chief of Naval Operations Secretary of the Navy and Secretary of Defense and the 2001 ASNE “Jimmie Hamilton” award. He is a Professional Engineer registered in the State of New York and Commonwealth of Virginia. He serves as the Chair of the Joint ASNE/SNAME Committee on Environmental Engineering and also as Chair of ASTM Ships and Marine Technology Marine Environmental Protection Subcommittee (F25.06).

Regulations governing the discharge of sewage from ships have been in force since the early 1970's. In response, the marine industry has developed ever more complex systems and processes for managing these wastes. The first compliance method involved holding wastes until they could be legally discharged;as technology advanced, treatment systems were developed and installed to enable discharge within regulated waters. As the size and number of ships as increased with maturation of the ocean tourism business, more restrictive regulations have been enacted to minimize the impact on sensitive waters. The trend is toward increasing regulation of both sewage and graywater. The most recent action occurred on 12 October 2005 when the Governor of California signed into law Senate Bill 771 regulating most ship liquid discharges within state waters. This paper describes the development of an innovative advanced wastewater treatment technology, based on advanced oxidation, bearing in mind the lessons learned from systems developed by industry over the past thirty years.

关键词： Wastewater treatment

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Creating another barrier to the transmission of bloodborne operative infections with a new glove gauntlet

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Journal of Long-Term Effects of Medical Implants 2003年第2期13卷 97-101页

作者： Edlich, Richard F. Wind, Tyler C. Hill, Lisa G. Thacker, John G. Plastic Surgical Research Program University of Virginia Health System Charlottesville VA United States Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Virginia Charlottesville VA United States 16155 NW Jenne Lake Ct. Beaverton OR 97006 United States

While disposable surgical gowns are designed to be either liquid-resistant or liquid-proof apparel, the woven cuffs of surgical gowns are easily permeable to water, an invitation to the transmission of bloodborne infections. Regent Medical has redesigned the diameter of some of its surgical glove gauntlets to enhance the security of the glove/surgical cuff interface. The purpose of this biomechanical performance study was to evaluate the benefit of a narrow glove gauntlet in enhancing the security of the gown and cuff interface. Using three types of disposable gown, the narrow glove gauntlet significantly increased the security of the gown-glove interface. On the basis of this biomechanical performance study, Regent Medical has announced that it will be using this narrow glove gauntlet design on more of their glove products to further reduce the transmission of bloodborne operative infections.

关键词： Implants (surgical)

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Application of automated context-based DSS for determining CNC machining parameter

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International Journal of Automation Technology 2012年第6期6卷 765-774页

作者： Sakarinto, Wikan Wibowo, Setyawan Bekti Narazaki, Hiroshi Shirase, Keiichi Diploma Program of Mechanical Engineering Gadjah Mada University Jl. Yacaranda Sekip Unit IV Yogyakarta 55281 Indonesia Production System Laboratory Kobe Steel Ltd 5-5 Takatsukadai 1-chome Nishi-ku Kobe 651-2271 Japan Department of Mechanical Engineering Graduate School of Engineering Kobe University 1-1 Rokko-dai Nada Kobe 657-8501 Japan

This paper describes the implementation of proposed KBS automatically aware of context or constraints in which the user has to deal with to come up with intelligent DSS. Context is a fundamental information resource that has to do closely with the use of knowledge. The proposed KBS is equipped with the Expert system (ES) providing Decision Support system (DSS), aimed for realizing effective utilization of captured CNC operator knowledge when they assess machining parameters within product data. The newest module in the proposed KBS is equipped with automated contextbased DSS constructed from incoming task restraints and other related machining aspects, such as machining parameter values, cutting tool, workpiece material, etc. In this work, the discussions are focussing on CNC milling operations. According to the implementation result, CNC operators have shown enhanced accuracy on defining machining parameter values with respect to specific constraints.

关键词： Decision support systems

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Life cycle costing analysis for poly-silicon photovoltaics production processes in Japan

Life cycle costing analysis for poly-silicon photovoltaics p...

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IEEE International Conference on Industrial engineering and engineering Management, IEEM2010

作者： Inoue, T. Kajikawa, Y. Yamada, K. Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan Center for Low Carbon Society Strategy Japan Science and Technology Agency Tokyo Japan Inovation Policy Research Center University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan Department of Technology Management for Innovation University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan Integrated Research System for Sustainability Science University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan Executive Management Program University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9781424485031

The objective of this study is to identify the key technology with analysis of the cost boundary of future photovoltaics (PV) technologies using life-cycle costing. We estimate the amount cost of photovoltaic system in Japan. It considers material flows over the whole production process starting from silica extraction to the final panel assembling. The comparison of current scenario to the expected future PV technologies focusing on the equipments in each production processes results in factory scale boundaries. ©2010 IEEE.

关键词： Cost reduction

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Variations in the acoustic measurement of earbud earphones in an ane-choic chamber due to changes in the earphone placement in ear Concha

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Canadian Acoustics - Acoustique Canadienne 2020年第4期48卷 29-40页

作者： Pawar, S.J. Liu, Y.C. Huang, Jin H. Department of Applied Mechanics Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology Allahabad Prayagraj India Bachelor's Program in Precision System Design Feng Chia University Taichung Taiwan Department of Mechanical and Computer-Aided Engineering Feng Chia University Taichung Taiwan

The growth of consumer electronic products is encouraged by innovations and has stimulated the persistent development of earphones for high-quality sound reproduction. Earbud earphone is located in the concha of the human ear facing an ear-canal. The placement of earphones in the concha plays a remarkable role in the sound pressure level response of an earphone. In this study, ten earphones were tested for frequency response and total harmonic distortion using head and torso simulator in an anechoic chamber. Three positions and two orientations of earphones in the concha were identified for measurement. Based on the responses of all earphones at all orientations and positions, it is concluded that there is a variation in the frequency response and total harmonic distortion. Even though the variation is small in magnitude, its effect on sound perception, sound exposure, and the hearing threshold is phenomenal. Based on the proposition presented in this work and the safe daily sound exposure, it has been determined that the variation in the frequency response affects the perceived loudness of sound and can cause signif-icant differences in the daily sound exposure limit for a human being. © 2020, Canadian Acoustical Association. All rights reserved.

关键词： Frequency response

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