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IEEE International Conference on Micro Electro mechanical systems

作者： Ok Chan Jeong T. Morimoto Y. Watanabe S. Konishi Center of Promotion of the COE program Ritsumeikan University Japan Department of Mechanical Engineering Ritsumeikan University Japan Department of Micro System Technology Ritsumeikan University Japan

This paper presents for the first time experimental results on the peristaltic PDMS pump with perfect dynamic valves for both gas and liquid. Micropump consists of the three peristaltic-type actuators and the micro channel connecting with chambers and the inlet/outlet port. Micropump is fabricated by SU8 mold process and the two-step curing process for the irreversible bonding of PDMS layers. The diameter and the thickness of the actuator diaphragm are 1 mm and 98 μm, respectively. The total size of micro pump is about 5 mm x 5.5 mm. The dynamic gas and liquid valve actions of the single actuator are observed to verify effect of the fluidic mass and viscosity of the working fluid. Perfect peristaltic motions and robust pumping actions of the micro pump are confirmed by the flowrate test of micropump with the air and the ink.

关键词： Valves Micropumps Actuators Joining processes Curing Bonding Fluid dynamics Viscosity Robustness Pumps

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Improvement of product strength and press formability of Al-Mg-Si alloy sheets by resistance heat treatment and artificial aging

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Keikinzoku/Journal of Japan Institute of Light Metals 2006年第6期56卷 313-316页

作者： Ishiguro, Minoru Maki, Seijiro Mori, Ken-Ichiro Doctoral Program of Mechanical and Structural System Engineering Toyohashi University of Technology 1-1 Hibarigaoka Tempaku-cho Toyohashi-shi Aichi 441-8580 Department of Production Systems Engineering Toyohashi University of Technology Toyohashi-shi Aichi

A treatment consisting of resistance heat treatment and artificial aging was developed to improve the product strength and press formability of Al-Mg-Si alloy sheets having paint bake hardenability used for automobile body panels. In this treatment, the sheets are re-solution heat-treated by resistance heating and water quenching just before the press forming. The formed sheets are artificially aged just after the press forming to increase the product strength. In the experiment, Al-0.60%Si-0.74%Mg (A6061) alloy sheets were chosen. The solution heat treatment of the sheets was sufficiently accomplished by the rapid resistance heat treatment, and the press formability of the sheets was improved. The hardness of formed products is increased by the artificial aging and paint bake hardening. It was found that the present heat treatment is effective in improving the product strength and press formability of the Al-Mg-Si alloy sheets having the paint bake hardenability.

关键词： Aluminum alloys

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Design and prototype development of advanced oxidation black and gray water treatment systems

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 2006年第3期118卷 51-64页

作者： Markle, Stephen P. CDR. STEPHEN P. MARKLE USN (REt.)P.E.a retired US Navy Engineering Duty Officer and is the Engineering Director for Navalis Environmental Systems. His active duty assignments included the staff of the Chief of Naval Operations Director of Surface Warfare as Section Head for Surface Combatant Maintenance and Modernization Program Executive Office Expeditionary Warfare as Assistant Project Manager for the (TAKE 1)Class Program and as Deputy Director Environmental Programs Division at Naval Sea Systems Command. He is a 1993 graduate of the Naval Construction and Engineering Program at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology where he received a Naval Engineers Degree and Master of Science in Mechanical Engineering. Since 1995 he has authored thirteen published technical papers dealing with environmental issues. CDR Markle is the recipient of Fiscal Year 2001 Individual Environmental Quality Awards and Environmental Excellence in Weapon System Acquisition Team Awards from Naval Sea Systems Command Chief of Naval Operations Secretary of the Navy and Secretary of Defense and the 2001 ASNE “Jimmie Hamilton” award. He is a Professional Engineer registered in the State of New York and Commonwealth of Virginia. He serves as the Chair of the Joint ASNE/SNAME Committee on Environmental Engineering and also as Chair of ASTM Ships and Marine Technology Marine Environmental Protection Subcommittee (F25.06).

Regulations governing the discharge of sewage from ships have been in force since the early 1970's. In response, the marine industry has developed ever more complex systems and processes for managing these wastes. The first compliance method involved holding wastes until they could be legally discharged;as technology advanced, treatment systems were developed and installed to enable discharge within regulated waters. As the size and number of ships as increased with maturation of the ocean tourism business, more restrictive regulations have been enacted to minimize the impact on sensitive waters. The trend is toward increasing regulation of both sewage and graywater. The most recent action occurred on 12 October 2005 when the Governor of California signed into law Senate Bill 771 regulating most ship liquid discharges within state waters. This paper describes the development of an innovative advanced wastewater treatment technology, based on advanced oxidation, bearing in mind the lessons learned from systems developed by industry over the past thirty years.

关键词： Wastewater treatment

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All PDMS pneumatic balloon actuators for bidirectional motion of micro finger

All PDMS pneumatic balloon actuators for bidirectional motio...

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18th IEEE International Conference on Micro Electro mechanical systems, MEMS 2005 Miami

作者： Jeong, Ok Chan Kusuda, Shinya Konishi, Satoshi Center of Promotion of the COE Program Ritsumeikan University Japan Department of Mechanical Engineering Ritsumeikan University Japan Department of Micro System Technology Ritsumeikan University Japan

This paper decribes design, fabrication, and chracteristics of all PDMS (Polydimethylsiloxane) pneumatic balloon actuators for the bidirectional motion of the microfinger. The actuation mechanism of the balloon actuator is based on pressure-dependent swelling and saturation phenomena of two flexible diaphragms with different thicknesses. Two types of microfingers with balloon actuators are fabricated by the simple silicon molding process and pneumatically tested. From the pneumatic test result, it is confirmed that the out-of-plane motion of the microfinger depends on the thickness of the bottom diaphragm of pneumatic balloon actuators. When the applied pressure is 50 kPa, the generated force and the bending angle of Type A finger are 0.17 mN and 59°, respectively. © 2005 IEEE.

关键词： Pneumatic equipment

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Numerical Investigation on Formability of Ellipse Deep Drawing by Sheet Hydroforming

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2005年第1期778卷 549-554页

作者： Hiroshi Utsugi Takayuki Hama Motoo Asakawa Tomohiro Hatakeyama Akitake Makinouchi Hiroyuki Amino Yang Lu *Graduate School of Science and Engineering Waseda University 3‐4‐1 Ohkubo Shinjuku‐ku Tokyo 169‐8555 Japan ¶Department of Energy and Science Technology Kyoto University Yoshida‐Honmachi Sakyo‐ku Kyoto 606‐8501 Japan †Department of Mechanical Engineering Waseda University 3‐4‐1 Ohkubo Shinjuku‐ku Tokyo 169‐8555 Japan ‡Integrated Volume‐CAD System Program The Institute of Physical and Chemical Research 2‐1 Hirosawa Wako Saitama 351‐0198 Japan oundAmino Corporation 555 Misonodaira Fujinomiya Shizuoka 418‐0004 Japan

This paper presents the numerical investigation on the formability of the sheet hydroforming by a finite element method. The finite element method code for sheet hydroforming simulation was developed based on the static‐explicit finite‐element method code STAMP3D. Experiments and Simulations of ellipse deep drawings were performed. The simulated thickness strain distribution which has two local thinnings at the punch shoulder and at the upper part of the side wall well agreed with the experimental one, thus demonstrating the validity of the developed code. Moreover, the effects of the friction increasing effect which is one of the main features in the sheet hydroforming on the formability were examined by comparing the results between the simulations with the friction coefficient μ=0 and those with μ=0.15. When μ=0 was employed, the local thinning at the upper part of the side wall disappeared. This showed that the occurring the two local thinnings in the sheet hydroforming was originated in the friction increasing effect.

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Sheet Forming Simulation Using a Static FEM program and Considering the Elastic Deformation of Tools

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2004年第1期712卷

作者： Masato Takamura Kenichi Ohura Hideyuki Sunaga Toshihiko Kuwabara Akitake Makinouchi Cristian Teodosiu Integrated Volume‐CAD System Program RIKEN 2‐1 Hirosawa Wako‐shi Saitama 351‐0198 Japan Department of Mechanical Systems Engineering Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology 2‐24‐16 Nakacho Koganei‐shi Tokyo 184‐8588 Japan LPMTM‐CNRS University Paris 13 93430 Villetaneuse France

In sheet forming simulations using the finite‐element method (FEM), the elastic deformation of tools during the forming process can play an important role, particularly when accurate analysis is required to predict complex defects such as springback phenomena. However, in simulations of stamping parts with complex geometries, such as automotive body parts, it would be necessary to use hundreds of thousands or even more elements for a tool model to take into account its elastic deformation within a coupled FEM analysis. Therefore, in most simulations based on incremental FEM, tools are regarded as non‐deformable bodies to avoid excessive computation times. In this study, the authors propose an efficient algorithm to deal with the contact between the sheet and the deformable tools, which is specialized for the coupling of the effects between nonlinear‐elastoplastic and linear‐elastic bodies in the framework of a static explicit time integration scheme. Stamping experiments of square cup deep drawing with a flexible blank holder were also conducted and the results compared with numerical ones. These results confirmed the ability of the coupled simulations to predict the influence of the tool elasticity on the behavior of the sheet.

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Resistance of double-glove hole puncture indication systems to surgical needle puncture

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Journal of Long-Term Effects of Medical Implants 2003年第2期13卷 85-90页

作者： Edlich, Richard F. Wind, Tyler C. Hill, Lisa G. Thacker, John G. Plastic Surgical Research Program University of Virginia Health System Charlottesville VA United States Department of Mechanical Engineering Charlottesville VA United States 16155 NW Jenne Lake Ct. Beaverton OR 97006 United States

Double-gloving has been shown to reduce conclusively the risk of operating room personnel's exposure to blood. Limiting risk of exposure to blood by double-gloving provides protection against the transmission of bloodborne diseases. Realizing the importance of double-gloving, a double-glove hole puncture indication system exists that accurately detects the presence of glove hole puncture in the presence of fluid. Once a glove puncture is recognized by this double-glove hole puncture indication system, it provides a warning to the surgeon to remove the punctured gloves, wash hands, and don a new, sterile double-glove hole puncture indication system. While accurately identifying the presence of glove hole puncture in the presence of fluid, this double-glove hole puncture indication system also has resistance to needle puncture superior to that of single gloves. It is the purpose of this study to document the resistance to needle puncture of latex and non-latex double-glove hole puncture indication systems using a reproducible experimental model. The resistance to needle puncture of the double-glove systems was significantly greater than that of the undergloves or outer gloves alone. The resistance to glove puncture of the non-latex and latex single and double-glove systems was significantly greater than those encountered by the latex single and double-glove systems, respectively. On the basis of their accuracy in detecting glove hole puncture, combined with their demonstrated superior resistance to surgical needle puncture as compared to single gloves, these latex and non-latex double-glove hole puncture indication systems are recommended for all surgical procedures.

关键词： Implants (surgical)

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Reliability and performance of innovative surgical double-glove hole puncture indication systems

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Journal of Long-Term Effects of Medical Implants 2003年第2期13卷 69-83页

作者： Edlich, Richard F. Wind, Tyler C. Heather, Cynthia L. Thacker, John G. Plastic Surgical Research Program University of Virginia Health System Charlottesville VA United States Department of Mechanical Engineering Charlottesville VA United States 16155 NW Jenne Lake Ct. Beaverton OR 97006 United States

During operative procedures, operating room personnel wear sterile surgical gloves designed to protect them and their patients against transmissible infections. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has set compliance policy guides for manufacturers of gloves. The FDA allows surgeons' gloves whose leakage defect rates do not exceed 1.5 acceptable quality level (AQL) to be used in operating rooms. The implications of this policy are potentially enormous to operating room personnel and patients. This unacceptable risk to the personnel and patient could be significantly reduced by the use of sterile double surgical gloves. Because double-gloves are also susceptible to needle puncture, a double-glove hole indication system is urgently needed to immediately detect surgical needle glove punctures. This warning would allow surgeons to remove the double-gloves, wash their hands, and then don a sterile set of double-gloves with an indication system. During the last decade, Regent Medical has devised non-latex and latex double-glove hole puncture indication systems. The purpose of this comprehensive study is to detect the accuracy of the non-latex and latex double-glove hole puncture indication systems using five commonly used sterile surgical needles: the taper point surgical needle, tapercut surgical needle, reverse cutting edge surgical needle, taper cardiopoint surgical needle, and spatula surgical needle. After subjecting both the non-latex and latex double-glove hole puncture indication systems to surgical needle puncture in each glove fingertip, these double-glove systems were immersed in a sterile basin of saline, after which the double-gloved hands manipulated surgical instruments. Within two minutes, both the non-latex and latex hole puncture indication systems accurately detected needle punctures in all of the surgical gloves, regardless of the dimensions of the surgical needles. In addition, the size of the color change visualized through the translucent outer gl

关键词： Implants (surgical)

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Ease of donning of new powder-free non-latex and latex double-glove hole puncture indication systems

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Journal of Long-Term Effects of Medical Implants 2003年第2期13卷 91-96页

Cornstarch on surgical gloves is often used as a detackifying agent and a lubricant to facilitate glove donning. During the last century, scientific studies have demonstrated that cornstarch produces tissue injury in literally every part of the body. Because this glove lubricant cannot be removed from the glove, Dr. David Podell, an ophthalmologic surgeon, and his cousin, Howard Podell, a chemical engineer, devised the first powder-free surgical glove that could be donned easily. They coated the inner surface of the surgical glove with a methacrylate polymer lining that was bonded to the natural rubber latex. This special coating acts as a lubricant to facilitate donning with damp, wet, or dry hands. In our earlier experimental studies, we confirmed that these polymer-lined latex gloves could be donned with either wet or dry hands. More recently, the polymer-coated latex gloves were incorporated into a double-glove hole puncture indication system that accurately detected glove holes in the presence of fluid. Because this discovery has been expanded into the development of a non-latex double-glove hole puncture indication system, we have expanded our biomechanical performance studies to examine the glove donning forces of the latex and non-latex glove hole puncture indication systems. The maximum donning forces recorded for the non-latex undergloves were significantly lower than those encountered by the same respective sizes of the latex underglove. The donning forces of the thin Biogel® Super-Sensitive™ outer gloves were remarkably similar to the donning forces of the Biogel® Indicator™ undergloves. The thicker Biogel® outer gloves encountered greater donning forces than that noted for the Biogel® Super-Sensitive™ outer gloves. The donning forces recorded for the non-latex outer gloves were remarkably similar to those noted for the latex Biogel® outer gloves. Because the results of this biomechanical performance study demonstrated that the latex and n

关键词： Implants (surgical)

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Creating another barrier to the transmission of bloodborne operative infections with a new glove gauntlet

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Journal of Long-Term Effects of Medical Implants 2003年第2期13卷 97-101页

作者： Edlich, Richard F. Wind, Tyler C. Hill, Lisa G. Thacker, John G. Plastic Surgical Research Program University of Virginia Health System Charlottesville VA United States Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Virginia Charlottesville VA United States 16155 NW Jenne Lake Ct. Beaverton OR 97006 United States

While disposable surgical gowns are designed to be either liquid-resistant or liquid-proof apparel, the woven cuffs of surgical gowns are easily permeable to water, an invitation to the transmission of bloodborne infections. Regent Medical has redesigned the diameter of some of its surgical glove gauntlets to enhance the security of the glove/surgical cuff interface. The purpose of this biomechanical performance study was to evaluate the benefit of a narrow glove gauntlet in enhancing the security of the gown and cuff interface. Using three types of disposable gown, the narrow glove gauntlet significantly increased the security of the gown-glove interface. On the basis of this biomechanical performance study, Regent Medical has announced that it will be using this narrow glove gauntlet design on more of their glove products to further reduce the transmission of bloodborne operative infections.

关键词： Implants (surgical)

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