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The performance measurement in nonprofit organizations - A case study 67

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The performance measurement in nonprofit organizations - A c...

67th Annual Conference and Expo of the Institute of Industrial Engineers 2017

作者： Moura, Louisi Francis De Lima, Edson Pinheiro Van Aken, Eileen Deschamps, Fernando Treinta, Fernanda Tavares Da Costa, Sergio E. Gouvea Industrial and Systems Engineering Graduate Program Pontifical Catholic University of Parana Curitiba Brazil Federal University of Technology Parana Curitiba Brazil Department of Mechanical Engineering Federal University of Parana Curitiba Brazil Grado Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering Virginia Tech Blacksburg United States

ISBN: (纸本)9780983762461

Nonprofit organizations have specific and complex characteristics that influence their performance measurement and differentiate it from others business models. So, it is important to know what are the factors, as motivations, barriers, and drivers, that influence the design of a performance measurement system to develop a complete system with all organizational issues, as social aspects, accountability, and legitimacy. A systematic literature review was previously performed and a set of factors that influence the design of performance measurement system for nonprofit organizations were identified. This paper presents a case study conducted in a Fire Department in the United States with the purpose investigate the set of factors in the practice. The data were collected using four techniques: interviews, documents and archival records, and observation. The findings show that the influence of the factors can vary depending on the type of organization and the paper indicates some reasons for that. Therefore, understanding the organization and these factors is a challenge for the performance measurement area to provide tools and frameworks that contribute to the organizational management and research area advance.

关键词： Social aspects

The control of brain network dynamics across diverse scales of space and time

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arXiv 2019年

作者： Tang, Evelyn Baum, Graham L. Roalf, David R. Satterthwaite, Theodore D. Pasqualetti, Fabio Bassett, Danielle S. Department of Bioengineering School of Engineering & Applied Science University of Pennsylvania PA19104 United States Max Planck Institute for Dynamics and Self-Organization Göttingen37079 Germany Neuroscience Graduate Program Perelman School of Medicine University of Pennsylvania PA19104 United States Department of Psychiatry Perelman School of Medicine University of Pennsylvania PA19104 United States Department of Mechanical Engineering University of California Riverside RiversideCA92521 United States Department of Physics & Astronomy College of Arts & Sciences University of Pennsylvania PA19104 United States Department of Electrical & Systems Engineering School of Engineering & Applied Science University of Pennsylvania PA19104 United States Department of Neurology Perelman School of Medicine University of Pennsylvania PA19104 United States

The human brain is composed of distinct regions that are each associated with particular functions and distinct propensities for the control of neural dynamics. However, the relation between these functions and control profiles is poorly understood, as is the variation in this relation across diverse scales of space and time. Here we probe the relation between control and dynamics in brain networks constructed from diffusion tensor imaging data in a large community based sample of young adults. Specifically, we probe the control properties of each brain region and investigate their relationship with dynamics across various spatial scales using the Laplacian eigenspectrum. In addition, through analysis of regional modal controllability and partitioning of modes, we determine whether the associated dynamics are fast or slow, as well as whether they are alternating or monotone. We find that brain regions that facilitate the control of energetically easy transitions are associated with activity on short length scales and slow time scales. Conversely, brain regions that facilitate control of difficult transitions are associated with activity on long length scales and fast time scales. Built on linear dynamical models, our results offer parsimonious explanations for the activity propagation and network control profiles supported by regions of differing neuroanatomical structure. Copyright © 2019, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Brain

Molybdenum Disulfide: Scalable Fabrication of Molybdenum Disulfide Nanostructures and their Assembly (Adv. Mater. 43/2020)

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Advanced Materials 2020年第43期32卷

作者： Yun Huang Kang Yu Huaizhi Li Kai Xu Zexi Liang Debora Walker Paulo Ferreira Peer Fischer Donglei (Emma) Fan Materials Science and Engineering Program Texas Materials Institute The University of Texas at Austin Austin TX 78712 USA The Department of Advanced Electron Microscopy Imaging and Spectroscopy International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory Braga 4715‐330 Portugal Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Illinois at Urbana‐Champaign Urbana IL 61801 USA School of Engineering and Applied Sciences Harvard University Cambridge MA 02138 USA Mechanical Engineering Department and IDMEC Instituto Superior Técnico University of Lisbon Av. Rovisco Pais Lisboa 1049‐001 Portugal Max‐Planck‐Institute for Intelligent Systems Heisenbergstr. 3 Stuttgart 70569 Germany Institute of Physical Chemistry University of Stuttgart Pfaffenwaldring 55 Stuttgart 70569 Germany Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering The University of Texas at Austin Austin TX 78712 USA

Rules all PIs should follow

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Science (New York, N.Y.) 2022年第6588期376卷 24-26页

作者： Jennifer S Chen Chih Ying Huang Shantanu Lanke Michael Sanjay Fernandopulle Yongsheng Ji Yuan Zhi Sara Granado Rodríguez Andrea Y Frommel Martin Lukačišin Yida Zhang Christina N Zdenek Xiao-Yu Wu Senthilkumar Seenuvasaragavan Yan Zhuang Cathrine Bergh Jaime Coulbois Salam Salloum-Asfar Bo Cao Katherine Davis Fernanda Oda Nikos Konstantinides Liping Zhang Divyansh Agarwal Joseph Nicholas Rainaldi Jan Kadlec Jelle Vekeman Vishal Anirudh Kanigicherla Kathryn Oi Kyle J Isaacson Rakesh Ganji Emma Dawson-Glass Yale School of Medicine New Haven CT 06510 USA. Department of Physics National Cheng Kung University Tainan 70101 Taiwan (Republic of China). Maharashtra 422101 India. Medical Scientist Training Program Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine Chicago IL 60611 USA. Division of Life Sciences and Medicine University of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui 230026 China. School of Economics Guizhou University Guiyang Guizhou 550025 China. Department of Biology Universidad Autónoma de Madrid Madrid Madrid 28049 Spain. Faculty of Land and Food Systems University of British Columbia Vancouver BC V6T 1Z4 Canada. Faculty of Medicine Technion Haifa 3525433 Israel. Department of Biomedical Informatics Harvard University Brookline MA 02445 USA. School of Biological Sciences The University of Queensland St Lucia QLD 4072 Australia. Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering University of Waterloo Waterloo ON N2L 3G1 Canada. Mumbai 400076 India. Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences Peking University Beijing 100871 China. KTH Royal Institute of Technology 11428 Stockholm Sweden. Departamento de Ciencia Política y Relaciones Internacionales Universidad Autónoma de Madrid Ciudad Universitaria de Cantoblanco Madrid Spain. Qatar Biomedical Research Institute Hamad Bin Khalifa University Qatar Foundation Doha Qatar. Core Research Laboratory The Second Affiliated Hospital School of Medicine Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an Shaanxi 710004 China. Imperial College London London UK. Department of Applied Behavioral Science University of Kansas Lawrence KS 66045 USA. Université Paris Cité Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique Institut Jacques Monod F-75013 Paris France. Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen Guangdong 518055 China. Harvard Medical School Massachusetts General Hospital Boston MA 02114 USA. Department of Biomedical Science University of Calif

We asked young scientists to write a rule that all principal investigators (PIs) should be required to follow to improve the experience of young scientists in their lab. Read a selection of their suggestions below. Fo...

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Electromagnetic Optimization Based on Gaussian Crow Search Approach

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Electromagnetic Optimization Based on Gaussian Crow Search A...

2018 International Symposium on Power Electronics, Electrical Drives, Automation and Motion, SPEEDAM 2018

作者： Dos Santos Coelho, Leandro Klein, Carlos Eduardo Mariani, Viviana Cocco Do Nascimento, Carlos Augusto Richter Askarzadeh, Alireza PUCPR Industrial and Systems Eng. Graduate Program PPGEPS Federal University of Parana UFPR Department of Electrical Engineering DEE/PPGEE Pontifical Catholic University of Parana Curitiba PR Brazil PUCPR Mechanical Engineering Graduate Program PPGEM Curitiba Pontifical Catholic University of Parana PR Brazil Department of Energy Management and Optimization Institute of Science and High Technology and Environmental Sciences Graduate University of Advanced Technology Kerman Iran

ISBN: (纸本)9781538649411

Metaheuristic algorithms have provided efficient tools to designers by which it became possible to determine the optimum solutions of optimization problems encountered in several fields such as engineering, finance and computation. Generally metaheuristics are based on metaphors that are taken from nature or some other processes. Recently, an optimization metaheuristic paradigm based on the social behavior of the crows, called crow search algorithm (CSA), has been proposed. The idea of CSA is motivated from the storing process of the excess food in hiding places then restoring it in the necessary time. The CSA has many favorable characteristics, such as ease of implementation, the need to adjust only a few parameters, a favorable balance between search diversification and intensification, and fast convergence and high sensitivity. However, to enhance the performance of the standard CSA approach, this paper proposes to tune the control parameters using population diversity information and normal (Gaussian) probability distribution function. Loney's solenoid benchmark and circular antenna array design problems are used to evaluate the effectiveness of the conventional CSA and the proposed variant. Simulation results and comparisons with the CSA demonstrated that the performance of the proposed MCSA approach is promising in electromagnetics optimization. © 2018 IEEE.

关键词： Optimization

Modelling and reducing fuel flow pulsation of a fuel-metering system during pump mode switching in a turbofan engine

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IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 2019年第5期240卷

作者： S Masuda F Shimizu M Fuchiwaki K Tanaka Control Systems Engineering Department Research & Engineering Division Aero Engines Space & Defense Business Area IHI Corporation 229 Tonogaya Mizuho-machi Nishitama-gun Tokyo 190-1297 Japan Department of Computer Science and Systems Engineering Doctoral Program Graduate School of Computer Science and Systems Engineering Kyushu Institute of Technology 680-4 kawazu Iizuka-shi Fukuoka 820-8502 Japan Department of Mechanical Information Science and Technology School of Computer Science and Systems Engineering Kyushu Institute of Technology 680-4 kawazu Iizuka-shi Fukuoka 820-8502 Japan

In this research, the transient characteristics of a new type fuel metering system for aircraft turbofan engines using two types of pumps, a gear pump and a centrifugal pump, were studied by modelling and simulation. This new fuel metering system is capable of hydraulically unloading the operating state of each pump by the pump mode switching mechanism within the permissible range of the pump rotation speed and the fuel flow rate and it is possible to reduce the fuel temperature rise due to the pressure loss in the circuit in the operation region of the entire fuel system. In addition to this, by using a small centrifugal pump that can realize high discharge flow rate, it is possible to reduce weight compared to the conventional fuel system. However, when the pump mode is switched, unexpected fluctuation in the fuel flow rate can occur when a large change in the inlet pressure of the system occurs, the pressure control unit cannot follow the change, and the transient phenomenon cannot be suppressed. At this time, the pressure waveform generated at the time of changing the pump mode includes a high frequency component such that the pressure control unit, which plays a role of keeping the metering valve differential pressure constant, cannot follow up. Therefore, in this paper, we focused on the frequency of the pressure change waveform when the pump mode was changed and studied the model of the fuel system inlet pressure in the gear pump mode. Based on that model, we propose a method to reduce the frequency characteristics of the pressure change occurring at the time of pump mode change.

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Analyses of protein cores reveal fundamental differences between solution and crystal structures

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arXiv 2019年

作者： Mei, Zhe Treado, John D. Grigas, Alex T. Levine, Zachary A. Regan, Lynne O'Hern, Corey S. Integrated Graduate Program in Physical & Engineering Biology Yale University New HavenCT06520 United States Department of Chemistry Yale University New HavenCT06520 United States Department of Mechanical Engineering & Materials Science Yale University New HavenCT06520 United States Graduate Program in Computational Biology & Bioinformatics Yale University New HavenCT06520 United States Department of Pathology Yale University New HavenCT06520 United States Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry Yale University New HavenCT06520 United States Institute of Quantitative Biology Biochemistry and Biotechnology Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology School of Biological Sciences University of Edinburgh Department of Physics Yale University New HavenCT06520 United States Department of Applied Physics Yale University New HavenCT06520 United States

There have been several studies suggesting that protein structures solved by NMR spectroscopy and x-ray crystallography show significant differences. To understand the origin of these differences, we assembled a database of high-quality protein structures solved by both methods. We also find significant differences between NMR and crystal structures|in the root-mean-square deviations of the Cα atomic positions, identities of core amino acids, backbone and sidechain dihedral angles, and packing fraction of core residues. In contrast to prior studies, we identify the physical basis for these differences by modelling protein cores as jammed packings of amino-acid-shaped particles. We find that we can tune the jammed packing fraction by varying the degree of thermalization used to generate the packings. For an athermal protocol, we find that the average jammed packing fraction is identical to that observed in the cores of protein structures solved by x-ray crystallography. In contrast, highly thermalized packing-generation protocols yield jammed packing fractions that are even higher than those observed in NMR structures. These results indicate that thermalized systems can pack more densely than athermal systems, which suggests a physical basis for the structural differences between protein structures solved by NMR and x-ray crystallography. Copyright © 2019, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： X ray crystallography

An innovative method to determine optimum insulation thickness based on non-uniform adaptive moving grid

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arXiv 2019年

作者： Gasparin, Suelen Berger, Julien Dutykh, Denys Mendes, Nathan LAMA UMR 5127 CNRS Université Savoie Mont Blanc Campus Scientifique Le Bourget-du-Lac CedexF-73376 France Thermal Systems Laboratory Mechanical Engineering Graduate Program Pontifical Catholic University of Paraná Rua Imaculada Conceição 1155 Curitiba - ParanáCEP: 80215-901 Brazil LOCIE UMR 5271 CNRS Université Savoie Mont Blanc Campus Scientifique Le Bourget-du-Lac CedexF-73376 France Univ. Grenoble Alpes Univ. Savoie Mont Blanc CNRS LAMA Chambéry73000 France

It is well known that thermal insulation is a leading strategy for reducing energy consumption associated to heating or cooling processes in buildings. Nevertheless, building insulation can generate high expenditures so that the selection of an optimum insulation thickness requires a detailed energy simulation as well as an economic analysis. In this way, the present study proposes an innovative non-uniform adaptive method to determine the optimal insulation thickness of external walls. First, the method is compared with a reference solution to properly understand the features of the method, which can provide high accuracy with less spatial nodes. Then, the adaptive method is used to simulate the transient heat conduction through the building envelope of buildings located in Brazil, where there is a large potential of energy reduction. Simulations have been efficiently carried out for different wall and roof configurations, showing that the innovative method efficiently provides a gain of 25% on the computer run time. Copyright © 2019, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Thermal insulation

An adaptive simulation of nonlinear heat and moisture transfer as a boundary value problem

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arXiv 2019年

作者： Gasparin, Suelen Berger, Julien Dutykh, Denys Mendes, Nathan LAMA UMR 5127 CNRS Université Savoie Mont Blanc Campus Scientifique Le Bourget-du-Lac CedexF-73376 France Thermal Systems Laboratory Mechanical Engineering Graduate Program Pontifical Catholic University of Paraná Rua Imaculada Conceição 1155 Curitiba – ParanáCEP: 80215-901 Brazil LOCIE UMR 5271 CNRS Université Savoie Mont Blanc Campus Scientifique Le Bourget-du-Lac CedexF-73376 France Univ. Grenoble Alpes Univ. Savoie Mont Blanc CNRS LAMA Chambéry73000 France

This work presents an alternative view on the numerical simulation of diffusion processes applied to the heat and moisture transfer through porous building materials. Traditionally, by using the finite-difference approach, the discretization follows the Method Of Lines (MOL), when the problem is first discretized in space to obtain a large system of coupled Ordinary Differential Equations (ODEs). Thus, this paper proposes to change this viewpoint. First, we discretize in time to obtain a small system of coupled ODEs, which means instead of having a Cauchy (Initial Value) Problem (IVP), we have a Boundary Value Problem (BVP). Fortunately, BVPs can be solved efficiently today using adaptive collocation methods of high order. To demonstrate the benefits of this new approach, three case studies are presented, in which one of them is compared with experimental data. The first one considers nonlinear heat and moisture transfer through one material layer while the second one considers two material layers. Results show how the nonlinearities and the interface between materials are easily treated, by reasonably using a fourth-order adaptive method. Finally, the last case study compares numerical results with experimental measurements, showing a good agreement. Copyright © 2019, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Ordinary differential equations