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2009 IEEE International Conference on systems, Man and Cybernetics, SMC 2009

作者： Dos Santos Coelho, Leandro De Andrade Bernert, Diego Luis Mariani, Viviana Cocco Industrial and Systems Engineering Graduate Program PPGEPS Pontifical Catholic University of Paraná Imaculada Conceição 1155 80215-901 Curitiba Paraná Brazil Department of Mechanical Engineering PPGEM Pontifical Catholic University of Paraná Imaculada Conceição 1155 80215-901 Curitiba Paraná Brazil

ISBN: (纸本)9781424427949

The reliability-redundancy allocation problem can be approached as a mixed-integer programming problem. It has been solved by using optimization techniques such as dynamic programming, integer programming, and mixed-integer nonlinear programming. On the other hand, a broad class of meta-heuristics has been developed for reliability-redundancy optimization. Recently, a new meta-heuristics called harmony search (HS) algorithm has emerged. HS was conceptualized using an analogy with music improvisation process where music players improvise the pitches of their instruments to obtain better harmony. This paper introduces a modified HS approach combined with an operator of differential evolution - a paradigm of evolutionary computation - to solve optimization problems in reliability engineering. In this context, an example of mixed integer programming in reliability-redundancy design of an over-speed protection system for a gas turbine is evaluated. In this application domain, HS was found to outperform the previously best-known solutions available. ©2009 IEEE.

关键词： Integer programming

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Responsiveness Improvement of Idling Speed Control for Automotive Using SMC

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Journal of Software engineering and Applications 2009年第5期2卷 309-315页

作者： Yang ZHANG Nobuo KURIHARA Hiroyuki YAMAGUCHI Doctor of Science Program in Mechanical Systems Hachinohe Institute of Technology Graduate School of Engineering Hachinohe Institute of Technology Department of System and Information Hachinohe Institute of Technology

To improve the responsiveness of engine speed control to disturbances, robust controls were investigated by simulation. The intake air control system of a gasoline engine is a typical nonlinear system, and the disturbances and parameter perturbations are generally regarded as being the unstable factors with regard to engine control. In this paper, a Mean-Value Engine Model (MVEM) with disturbances and parameter perturbations is investigated using Sliding Mode Control (SMC), which is a form of variable structure control, with a view to address instability in the idle speed control process. The simulation results confirmed that, compared with a conventional PI (Proportional-Integral) controller, the stability of the idle speed for an engine that is being subjected to disturbances, parameter variations and background noise is greatly improved by the application of SMC.

关键词： Gasoline Engine Intake Air Control Sliding Mode Control Simulation

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Development of a framework for parallel simulators with various physics and its performance

Development of a framework for parallel simulators with vari...

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Parallel Computational Fluid Dynamics, Parallel CFD 2007

作者： Ono, Kenji Tamaki, Tsuyoshi Yoshikawa, Hiroyuki Functionality Simulation and Information Team VCAD System Research Program RIKEN 2-1 Hirosawa Wako 351-0198 Japan Division of Human Mechanical Systems and Design Faculty and Graduate School of Engineering Hokkaido University N13 W8 Kita-ku Sapporo 060-8628 Japan Fujitsu Nagano Systems Engineering 1415 Midori-cho Tsuruga Nagano 380-0813 Japan

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mechanical Properties of Nature Graphite Compacts Electroplated by Copper

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2009年第1期1169卷 93-100页

作者： Chan‐Chao Wen Hung Tsou Chia‐Hung Pai Wen‐Shyong Kuo aPh.D. Program in Mechanical and Aeronautical Engineering Feng Chia University 100 WenHwa Rd Seatwen Taichung Taiwan bDepartment of Aerospace and systems Engineering Feng Chia University 100 WenHwa Rd Seatwen Taichung Taiwan

This work examines the processing and mechanical properties of graphite compacts electroplated by a copper layer. Natural graphite (NG) flakes have been compressed to make graphite compacts. A copper electrodeposit has been applied to the surface of the graphite compact in order to reinforce the mechanical properties and prevent the graphite particles from peeling off. The natural graphite flakes were stacked layer by layer in order within the graphite compact. The effects of different electroplating conditions on the mechanical properties of the graphite compacts were studied. The density of the compact reaches to a limit value when the pressure was above 100 MPa. The tests indicated that the compressive, flexural and shear strengths increase at least 150% with the copper layer. The damage mechanisms in the compacts were investigated by using a scanning electron microscopy.

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A normative self-organizing migrating algorithm for power economic dispatch of thermal generators with valve-point effects and multiple fuels

A normative self-organizing migrating algorithm for power ec...

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IEEE International Conference on systems, Man and Cybernetics

作者： Viviana Cocco Mariani Rodrigo Clemente Thom de Souza Leandro dos Santos Coelho Department of Mechanical Engineering PPGEM Pontifical Catholic University of Paraná Curitiba Parana Brazil Industrial and Systems Engineering PPGEPS Pontifical Catholic University of Paraná Curitiba Parana Brazil Industrial and Systems Engineering Graduate Program PPGEPS Pontifical Catholic University of Paraná Curitiba Parana Brazil

A new class of meta-heuristics called SOMA (Self-Organizing Migrating Algorithm) was proposed in recent literature. SOMA works on a population of potential solutions called specimen and it is based on the self-organizing behavior of groups of individuals in a ¿social environment¿. This paper proposes a modified SOMA approach to solving the economic load dispatch problem of thermal generators with the valve-point effect. To show the performance of the proposed modified SOMA algorithm based on fundamentals of normative knowledge in cultural algorithms, which was applied to test the power economic problem comprised 10 generating units with valve-point effects and multiple fuels for the load demands of 2400 MW. Simulation results show that the classical and modified SOMA algorithms are efficient and have good convergence property when compared with results of other optimization methods reported in the literature.

关键词： Power generation economics Fuel economy Power generation Environmental economics Power system economics Industrial economics systems engineering and theory Stochastic processes Evolutionary computation Modeling

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Hardware Architecture for Particle Swarm Optimization Using Floating-Point Arithmetic

Hardware Architecture for Particle Swarm Optimization Using ...

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International Conference on Intelligent systems Design and Applications (ISDA)

作者： Daniel M. Muñoz Arboleda Carlos H. Llanos Leandro dos_S. Coelho Mauricio Ayala-Rincón Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Brasilia Brasília Brazil Industrial and Systems Engineering Graduate Program Pontificial Catholic University of Paraná Curitiba Brazil Departments of Computer Science and Mathematics University of Brasilia Brasília Brazil

High computational cost for solving large engineering optimization problems point out the design of parallel optimization algorithms. Population based optimization algorithms provide parallel capabilities that can be explored by their implementations done directly in hardware. This paper presents a hardware implementation of particle swarm optimization algorithms using an efficient floating-point arithmetic which performs the computations with high precision. All the architectures are parameterizable by bit-width, allowing the designer to choose the suitable format according to the requirements of the optimization problem. Synthesis and simulation results demonstrate that the proposed architecture achieves satisfactory results obtaining a better performance in therms of elapsed time than conventional software implementations.

关键词： Hardware Particle swarm optimization Floating-point arithmetic Computer architecture Design optimization Computational efficiency Design engineering Algorithm design and analysis High performance computing Computational modeling

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Zirconia coated carbonyl iron particle-based magnetorheological fluid for polishing

Zirconia coated carbonyl iron particle-based magnetorheologi...

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Optical Manufacturing and Testing VIII

作者： Shafrir, Shai N. Romanofsky, Henry J. Skarlinski, Michael Wang, Mimi Miao, Chunlin Salzman, Sivan Chartier, Taylor Mici, Joni Lambropoulos, John C. Shen, Rui Yang, Hong Jacobs, Stephen D. OptiPro Systems 6368 Dean Parkway Ontario NY United States Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Rochester Rochester NY United States Laboratory for Laser Energetics University of Rochester Rochester NY United States Department of Chemical Engineering University of Rochester Rochester NY United States Materials Science Program University of Rochester Rochester NY United States Institute of Optics University of Rochester 240 East River Road Rochester NY 14623 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9780819477163

Aqueous magnetorheological (MR) polishing fluids used in magnetorheological finishing (MRF) have a high solids concentration consisting of magnetic carbonyl iron particles and nonmagnetic polishing abrasives. The properties of MR polishing fluids are affected over time by corrosion of CI particles. Here we report on MRF spotting experiments performed on optical glasses using a zirconia coated carbonyl iron (CI) particle-based MR fluid. The zirconia coated magnetic CI particles were prepared via sol-gel synthesis in kg quantities. The coating layer was ˜50-100 nm thick, faceted in surface structure, and well adhered. Coated particles showed long term stability against aqueous corrosion. "Free" nano-crystalline zirconia polishing abrasives were co-generated in the coating process, resulting in an abrasivecharged powder for MRF. A viable MR fluid was prepared simply by adding water. Spot polishing tests were performed on a variety of optical glasses over a period of 3 weeks with no signs of MR fluid degradation or corrosion. Stable material removal rates and smooth surfaces inside spots were obtained. © 2009 SPIE.

关键词： Magnetorheological fluids

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Adaptation to knee flexion torque during gait

Adaptation to knee flexion torque during gait

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IEEE International Conference on Rehabilitation Robotics (ICORR)

作者： James S. Sulzer Keith E. Gordon T. George Hornby Michael A. Peshkin James L. Patton Sensory Motor Performance Program the Rehabilitation Institute of Chicago Laboratory of Intelligent Mechanical Systems Northwestern University Chicago IL USA Sensory Motor Performance Program Rehabilitation Institute of Chicago Chicago IL USA Faculty of Physical Therapy the Sensory Motor Performance Program Rehabilitation Institute of Chicago University of Illinois Chicago Chicago IL USA Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Northwestern University Evanston IL USA

Studies have shown locomotor adaptation of the ankle to assistive torques, but the ability of the knee to adapt to assistive forces has not yet been explored. Understanding how humans modulate knee joint kinematics during gait could be valuable for designing assistive devices for stroke patients. In this study we examined how healthy subjects adapt to knee flexion torque assistance during gait. We hypothesized that 1) when given assistance subjects would adapt their locomotor patterns to walk with kinematics similar to baseline values and 2) removal of assistance following adaptation would result in substantially reduced knee flexion. Contrary to expectations, data from the five subjects show a weak adaptation and an increase in knee flexion kinematics after forces were removed. These results suggest that neuromuscular control of the knee joint during walking is not strongly modulated by feedforward mechanisms.

关键词： Knee Torque Kinematics Exoskeletons Foot Rehabilitation robotics Humans Legged locomotion Motion analysis Neuromuscular

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Novel image analysis for trajectory of microtubules gliding on kinesins with Tip detection

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Journal of Biomechanical Science and engineering 2009年第3期4卷 404-414页

作者： Sugita, Shukei Sakamoto, Naoya Ohashi, Toshiro Sato, Masaaki Department of Biomedical Engineering Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering Tohoku University 6-6-01 Aramaki-aza-Aoba Aoba Sendai 980-8579 Japan VCAD System Research Program RIKEN 2-1 Hirosawa Wako 351-0198 Japan Department of Bioengineering and Robotics Graduate School of Engineering Tohoku University 6-6-01 Aramaki-aza-Aoba Aoba Sendai 980-8579 Japan Division of Human Mechanical Systems and Design Graduate School of Engineering Hokkaido University N13 W8 Kita Sapporo 060-8628 Japan

Control of the gliding directions of kinesin-driven microtubules (MTs) in vitro has good feasibility for the development of nano-scale transport systems. A requirement for the control of transporters in these systems includes detecting the positions of gliding MTs;however, no studies have reported on the monitoring of the positions of gliding MTs. Here, we suggest an algorithm to detect tip coordinates of gliding MTs by binarization, skeletonization, and filtration of fluorescent images of MTs. The algorithm was first applied to artificially drawn segments with given lengths (10-80 pixels), widths (1-10 pixels), and curvature radii (20-120 pixels) to verify the effect of the sizes of MTs on accuracy of tip coordinates extracted by the algorithm, and error was estimated by referring to the true coordinates. The estimated errors were as small as 2 pixels in the width and were not affected by the length and the curvature radius, indicating that our algorithm is useful to extract the tips of MTs. The algorithm was subsequently applied to images of gliding MTs. Since distances from the trajectories of the MTs to the centers of gravity of the MTs (3.7 ± 2.1 pixels) were significantly larger than those to the tips (1.9 ± 0.5 pixels), the use of the tips as representative points of gliding MTs was verified. A detection method using tips of MTs, as suggested in this study, may be a useful technique for monitoring each MT in nanoscale transport systems.

关键词： Pixels

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Wind tunnel testing of JSAE standard Low-aerodynamic-drag vehicle body using 1/5 scale model

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Review of Automotive engineering 2009年第1期30卷 51-60页

作者： Shimano, Kenjiro Kumano, Takahiro Takagi, Michitoshi Ono, Kenji Horinouchi, Nariaki Tarumi, Seiji Department of Mechanical Systems Engineering Faculty of Engineering Musashi Institute of Technology 1-28-1 Tamazutsumi Setagaya Tokyo 158-8557 Japan Layout Group Automobile Platform Design Department Suzuki Motor Corporation 300 Takatsuka-cho Minami-ku Hamamatsu-shi Shizuoka 432-8611 Japan Department of Prime Mover Engineering School of Engineering Tokai University 1117 Kitakaname Hiratsuka-shi Kanagawa 259-1292 Japan VCAD System Research Program RIKEN 2-1 Hirosawa Wako Saitama 351-0198 Japan Heat Transfer and Fluid Flow Laboratory Toyota Central R and D Labs. Inc. Nagakute Aichi 480-1192 Japan CAE Testing Division Yamaha Motor Co. Ltd. 2500 Shingai Iwata-shi Shizuoka 438-8501 Japan

As computational fluid dynamics plays a crucial role in vehicle body design, the CFD committee, one of the technical committees comprising JSAE, embarked on a benchmark project in which a number of CFD codes would be tested on the same vehicle body. A wind tunnel test of the 1/5 scale model was conducted to provide reference data for the benchmark test. In this paper, details of the measurements are presented. On the body surface, smooth flow patterns were visualised by tufting. It was also found that total pressure loss in the wake of the model displayed a unique pattern similar to a mushroom cloud. © 2009 Society of Automotive Engineers of Japan, Inc. All rights reserved.

关键词： Computational fluid dynamics

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