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VIRTUAL PROTOTYPING USING KNOWLEDGE - BASED MODELING AND SIMULATION TECHNIQUES

NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1993年第3期105卷 201-212页

作者： SHEA, JG The Author:holds bachelor and master of engineering degrees in mechanical engineering a M.Eng. in engineering management and is currently fulfilling requirements for the M.S. and Ph.D. degrees in computer science at the University of Louisville. He is employed as program manager Phalanx Advanced Engineering Development at the Naval Ordnance Station Crane Div. NavSurfWarCen Louisville Ky. During his tenure with Phalanx Mr. Shea has contributed to system reliability improvement system performance upgrading and the development of the Phalanx HOL (RISC) Computer. Mr. Shea is a member of ASNE the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics Society for Computer Simulation International Test & Evaluation Association and the Military Operations Research Society.

Knowledge-based modeling and simulation bridges the gap between ''conventional'' artificial intelligence implementations (such as expert systems) and more traditional computer-aided design techniques. We are currently developing software, whose primary function is to capture a user-input design specification and produce a ''virtual'' rapid prototvpe in the form of executable rule-based code. This code can then be exercised either as an interactive part of a hardware-in-the-loop testbed simulator or as a component of an object-oriented ''behavioral'' simulation environment. While the Phalanx Testbed is the immediate beneficiary of this work, the techniques described have a wide range of application in the modeling of conceptual design and performance characteristics. This paper describes the system architecture and software tools that we are applying to generate virtual rapid prototypes for use in the Phalanx Testbed. Particular attention is paid to defining the intelligent knowledge-capture mechanisms and model generation methodologies that we are using to translate design knowledge and performance requirements into rule-based simulations. The object-oriented programming approach to the merging of ''new'' data with previouslv-captured and stored data is discussed, and the issues of verifying and validating prototypes generated using such partiallv ''reengineered'' models are examined. An application currently in use as an investigative prototype for testbed development, a simple position controller servomechanism used to control the azimuth angle of a target-tracking sensor, is used to illustrate the process.

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Preprocessing Techniques for Enhancing Vision-Based Detection system for Tire Sidewall Extraction

Preprocessing Techniques for Enhancing Vision-Based Detectio...

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International Seminar on Research of Information Technology and Intelligent systems (ISRITI)

作者： Jia Hao Loo Veronica Lestari Jauw Chin Seong Lim Khairul-Rijal Sarmin Nunung Nurul Qomariyah Ahmad Nurul Fajar Department of Mechanical Materials and Manufacturing Engineering University of Nottingham Malaysia Malaysia Continental Tyre Technology Centre Malaysia Petaling Jaya Malaysia Computer Science Department School of Computing and Creative Arts Bina Nusantara University Jakarta Indonesia Information System Management Department BINUS Graduate Program-Master Information Systems Bina Nusantara University Jakarta Indonesia

ISBN: (数字)9798331519643

ISBN: (纸本)9798331519650

This study aims to develop a system for extracting crucial information from tire sidewalls using Optical Character Recognition (OCR). Initially, images of tire were captured manually by smartphone cameras, including Redmi 9T, iPhone 11, and Galaxy S23 Ultra. The captured images are then transferred to a computer for storage. Subsequently, these images were cropped according to the boundaries identified by Hough Circle Transform (HCT). The cropped images were then further pre-processed. During the pre-processing phase, geometrical transformation and image sharpening techniques are applied to enhance the clarity and readability of the text images. The text is then extracted using Google Vision, with the extracted text categorized by size, DOT, brand and pattern. The results indicated that the effectiveness of image pre-processing was constrained by the accuracy of circle detection, which reached a maximum rate of 87.1%. This causes parts of the text to be cut out inaccurately, leading to a suboptimal extraction accuracy of 55.65%. It is also observed that the Redmi 9T camera produced inconsistent results compared to other devices. Specifically, the iPhone 11 and Samsung Galaxy S23 Ultra demonstrated superior extraction accuracies of 69.71% and 66.37%, respectively, whereas the Redmi 9T achieved a lower extraction accuracy of 37.76%.

关键词： Accuracy Optical character recognition Text categorization Lighting Transforms US Department of Transportation Cameras Tires Internet Data mining

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Meeting the 21st century with SMART mission flexibility

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1997年第3期109卷 341-346页

作者： Alexander, RK Olmstead, L Ronald K. Alexander P.E.:received his B.S. degree in mechnaical engineering from Purdue University and his M.S. degree in mechanical engineering from the Naval Postgraduate School. He is currently manager quality programs at RGE Engineering Service Company where he provides technical support to the ATC Program in the area of combat system modularity design. lhe is a member of ASNE and the Surface Navy Association. Larry Olmstead:received his B.L.S. degree in mathematics and computer scienc from Mary Washington College in 1982 and his M.S. degree in system management from the University of Southern California in 1986. He chaired the C'I Modular Implementation Wroking Group (MIWG) from its inception in September 1993 to December 1996 as a combat system engineer in the PEO CLA Engineering management Office (Code PMS307). He is currently employed at Science Application International Corporation.

A revolution is underway in the design, production and installation of the Navy/Marine Corps team's command, control, communications, computers and intelligence ((CI)-I-4) vision and strategies, which is significantly reducing costs, and dramatically improving the battle readiness of tomorrow's forward deployers. A strong emphasis on research and development has enabled the design, development and installation of the Shipboard Modular Arrangement Reconfiguration Technology (SMART) systems in ships. SMART is a methodology for installing equipment in shipboard spaces that will provide the fleet with enhanced mission flexibility. The heart of this technology is a track rail system, similar to that used by the aircraft industry, which enables equipment to be bolted to the deck, bulkheads or overhead, and meets all shipboard shock and vibration requirements. The fleet can reconfigure designated spaces to receive new systems, install equipment upgrades, position cross-decked systems, or rearrange work areas with minimal industrial work (welding, grinding, lagging, painting, etc.), and maximum cost savings. Key (CI)-I-4 spaces such as Tactical Flag Command Center (TFCC), Joint Operations Center (JOC), Communication Centers, etc., can be reconfigured as required. Thereby, new technology insertion can enable rapid deployment of state-of-the-art technologies much faster than the standard method of welding foundations in place to support various equipment installations. The SMART system includes a foundation track system, modular-connectorized power and lighting, and modular workstations.

关键词： Naval vessels

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Novel image analysis for trajectory of microtubules gliding on kinesins with Tip detection

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Journal of Biomechanical Science and engineering 2009年第3期4卷 404-414页

作者： Sugita, Shukei Sakamoto, Naoya Ohashi, Toshiro Sato, Masaaki Department of Biomedical Engineering Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering Tohoku University 6-6-01 Aramaki-aza-Aoba Aoba Sendai 980-8579 Japan VCAD System Research Program RIKEN 2-1 Hirosawa Wako 351-0198 Japan Department of Bioengineering and Robotics Graduate School of Engineering Tohoku University 6-6-01 Aramaki-aza-Aoba Aoba Sendai 980-8579 Japan Division of Human Mechanical Systems and Design Graduate School of Engineering Hokkaido University N13 W8 Kita Sapporo 060-8628 Japan

Control of the gliding directions of kinesin-driven microtubules (MTs) in vitro has good feasibility for the development of nano-scale transport systems. A requirement for the control of transporters in these systems includes detecting the positions of gliding MTs;however, no studies have reported on the monitoring of the positions of gliding MTs. Here, we suggest an algorithm to detect tip coordinates of gliding MTs by binarization, skeletonization, and filtration of fluorescent images of MTs. The algorithm was first applied to artificially drawn segments with given lengths (10-80 pixels), widths (1-10 pixels), and curvature radii (20-120 pixels) to verify the effect of the sizes of MTs on accuracy of tip coordinates extracted by the algorithm, and error was estimated by referring to the true coordinates. The estimated errors were as small as 2 pixels in the width and were not affected by the length and the curvature radius, indicating that our algorithm is useful to extract the tips of MTs. The algorithm was subsequently applied to images of gliding MTs. Since distances from the trajectories of the MTs to the centers of gravity of the MTs (3.7 ± 2.1 pixels) were significantly larger than those to the tips (1.9 ± 0.5 pixels), the use of the tips as representative points of gliding MTs was verified. A detection method using tips of MTs, as suggested in this study, may be a useful technique for monitoring each MT in nanoscale transport systems.

关键词： Pixels

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Naked-eye observation of water-forming reaction on palladium etalon:transduction of gas-matter reaction into light-matter interaction

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PhotoniX 2023年第1期4卷 349-363页

作者： Jongsu Lee Eui-Sang Yu Taehyun Kim In Soo Kim Seok Chung Seung Jae Kwak Won Bo Lee Yusin Pak Yong-Sang Ryu Sensor System Research Center Korea Institute of Science and TechnologySeoul 02792Republic of Korea Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Republic of Korea Smart Materials Research Section Electronics and Telecommunications Research InstituteDaejeon 34129Republic of Korea Department of Micro/Nano Systems Korea University02841 SeoulRepublic of Korea Nanophotonics Research Center Korea Institute of Science and TechnologySeoul 02792Republic of Korea School of Mechanical Engineering Korea UniversitySeoul 02841Republic of Korea School of Chemical and Biological Engineering Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Republic of Korea Interdisciplinary Program in Precision Public Health Korea UniversitySeoul 02481Republic of Korea School of Biomedical Engineering Korea UniversitySeoul 02481Republic of Korea

Palladium is the most prominent material in both scientific and industrial research on gas storage,purification,detection,and catalysis due to its unique properties as a catalyst and hydrogen *** the dynamic optical phenomena of palladium reacting with hydrogen,transduction of the gas-matter reaction into light-matter interaction is attempted to visualize the dynamic surface chemistry and reaction *** simple geometry of the metal-dielectric-metal structure,Fabry-Perot etalon,is employed for a colorimetric reactor,to display the catalytic reaction of the exposed gas via water-film/bubble formation at the dielectric/palladium *** adsorption/desorption behavior and catalytic reaction of hydrogen and oxygen on the palladium surface display highly repeatable and dramatic color changes based on two distinct water formation trends:the foggy effect by water bubbles and the whiteout effect by water film *** and experiments demonstrate the robustness of the proposed Fabry-Perot etalon as an excellent platform for monitoring the opto-physical phenomena driven by heterogeneous catalysis.

关键词： Palladium Hydrogen Oxygen Fabry-Perot resonators Colorimetric sensors Water-forming reaction

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Fracture risk assessment from 2D-DXA scan by supervised machine learning modeling

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Osteoporosis and Sarcopenia 2023年第4期9卷 S2-S2页

作者： Heesun Choi Luca Quagliato Yoon-Sok Chung Taeyong Lee Division of Mechanical and Biomedical Engineering Ewha Womans University Republic of Korea Division of Mechanical and Biomedical Engineering Graduate Program in System Health Science and Engineering Ewha Womans University Republic of Korea Ajou University Hospital Republic of Korea

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THE IMPROVED 16-INCH GUN WEAPON system

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1988年第3期100卷 194-203页

作者： WHITE, RW ANTONIUK, TH LCdr. Richard W. White USN: is a mechanical engineering instructor at the United States Naval Academy. He holds a BS in naval architecture from the Naval Academy (Class of 1977) and an MS in mechanical engineering from the Naval Postgraduate School. An engineering duty officer and a weapons systems subspecialist LCdr. White served as 16-in. ammunition technical direction agent and project manager for battleship improvement programs at the Naval Surface Warfare Center Dahlgren Va. Thomas H. Antoniuk:holds a BS in physics from Seton Hall University and an MBA from the University of Delaware. A Reserve engineering duty officer he has been serving as system analyst for the 16 inch Naval Gunfire Improvement Program for two years at the Naval Surface Warfare Center Dahlgren Va. He previously performed an analysis on the Soviet 100-mm and 130-mm gun systems. He is currently examining the feasibility and operational utility of integrating veloci-meters into the Mk 92 Gun Fire Control System.

The Iowa class battleships are being returned to active service without significant modifications to their 16-inch Gun Weapon system (GWS). The ordnance, 16-in. guns and associated fire control equipment are currently 1940's vintage technology. The reactivation was accomplished without significant modernization to the gun systems due primarily to funding limitations. In the late 1970s naval gunfire had fallen out of vogue and no pressing need for 16-in. GWS improvements existed. With the development and subsequent deployment of the landing craft air cushion (LCAC) and the MV-22A Osprey, naval surface fire support (NSFS) of Marine amphibious operations was reexamined. Specifically, the means of generating supporting fire from surface combatants required extensive analysis. The resulting analysis indicated that the most cost-effective partial solution to the problem was an extensive modernization of the battleship's 16-in./50 GWS. With such a modernization, the range, lethality, and response time of the weapon would be significantly improved. Except for the gun turrets themselves, the 16-in. GWS will be almost completely modernized. Extensive modification of the ordnance and fire control system will be accomplished. This paper first discusses the reasons for the improvement in the 16-in. GWS. It describes, in detail, the new 16-in. ordnance under development, highlighting the operational issues which drive the engineering approach. Finally, the new gun fire control system (FCS) is described. The advantages of streamlining with digital equipment are highlighted. Some unique features of the FCS, which are appropriate in its operational environment, are discussed.

关键词： WARSHIPS

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Technology Roadmap for Flexible Sensors

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ACS NANO 2023年第6期17卷 5211-5295页

作者： Luo, Yifei Abidian, Mohammad Reza Ahn, Jong-Hyun Akinwande, Deji Andrews, Anne M. Antonietti, Markus Bao, Zhenan Berggren, Magnus Berkey, Christopher A. Bettinger, Christopher John Chen, Jun Chen, Peng Cheng, Wenlong Cheng, Xu Choi, Seon-Jin Chortos, Alex Dagdeviren, Canan Dauskardt, Reinhold H. Di, Chong-an Dickey, Michael D. Duan, Xiangfeng Facchetti, Antonio Fan, Zhiyong Fang, Yin Feng, Jianyou Feng, Xue Gao, Huajian Gao, Wei Gong, Xiwen Guo, Chuan Fei Guo, Xiaojun Hartel, Martin C. He, Zihan Ho, John S. Hu, Youfan Huang, Qiyao Huang, Yu Huo, Fengwei Hussain, Muhammad M. Javey, Ali Jeong, Unyong Jiang, Chen Jiang, Xingyu Kang, Jiheong Karnaushenko, Daniil Khademhosseini, Ali Kim, Dae-Hyeong Kim, Il-Doo Kireev, Dmitry Kong, Lingxuan Lee, Chengkuo Lee, Nae-Eung Lee, Pooi See Lee, Tae-Woo Li, Fengyu Li, Jinxing Liang, Cuiyuan Lim, Chwee Teck Lin, Yuanjing Lipomi, Darren J. Liu, Jia Liu, Kai Liu, Nan Liu, Ren Liu, Yuxin Liu, Yuxuan Liu, Zhiyuan Liu, Zhuangjian Loh, Xian Jun Lu, Nanshu Lv, Zhisheng Magdassi, Shlomo Malliaras, George G. Matsuhisa, Naoji Nathan, Arokia Niu, Simiao Pan, Jieming Pang, Changhyun Pei, Qibing Peng, Huisheng Qi, Dianpeng Ren, Huaying Rogers, John A. Rowe, Aaron Schmidt, Oliver G. Sekitani, Tsuyoshi Seo, Dae-Gyo Shen, Guozhen Sheng, Xing Shi, Qiongfeng Someya, Takao Song, Yanlin Stavrinidou, Eleni Su, Meng Sun, Xuemei Takei, Kuniharu Tao, Xiao-Ming Tee, Benjamin C. K. Thean, Aaron Voon-Yew Trung, Tran Quang Wan, Changjin Wang, Huiliang Wang, Joseph Wang, Ming Wang, Sihong Wang, Ting Wang, Zhong Lin Weiss, Paul S. Wen, Hanqi Xu, Sheng Xu, Tailin Yan, Hongping Yan, Xuzhou Yang, Hui Yang, Le Yang, Shuaijian Yin, Lan Yu, Cunjiang Yu, Guihua Yu, Jing Yu, Shu-Hong Yu, Xinge Zamburg, Evgeny Zhang, Haixia Zhang, Xiangyu Zhang, Xiaosheng Zhang, Xueji Zhang, Yihui Zhang, Yu Zhao, Siyuan Zhao, Xuanhe Zheng, Yuanjin Zheng, Yu-Qing Zheng, Zijian Zhou, Tao Zhu, Bowen Zhu, Ming Zhu, Rong Zhu, Yangzhi Zhu, Yong Zou, Guijin Chen, Xiaodong 08-03 Innovis Singapore 138634 Republic of Singapore Innovative Centre for Flexible Devices (iFLEX) School of Materials Science and Engineering Nanyang Technological University Singapore 639798 Singapore Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Houston Houston Texas 77024 United States School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Yonsei University Seoul 03722 Republic of Korea Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering The University of Texas at Austin Austin Texas 78712 United States Microelectronics Research Center The University of Texas at Austin Austin Texas 78758 United States Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry California NanoSystems Institute and Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior and Hatos Center for Neuropharmacology University of California Los Angeles Los Angeles California 90095 United States Colloid Chemistry Department Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces 14476 Potsdam Germany Department of Chemical Engineering Stanford University Stanford California 94305 United States Laboratory of Organic Electronics Department of Science and Technology Campus Norrköping Linköping University 83 Linköping Sweden Wallenberg Initiative Materials Science for Sustainability (WISE) and Wallenberg Wood Science Center (WWSC) SE-100 44 Stockholm Sweden Department of Materials Science and Engineering Stanford University Stanford California 94301 United States Department of Biomedical Engineering and Department of Materials Science and Engineering Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh Pennsylvania 15213 United States Department of Bioengineering University of California Los Angeles Los Angeles California 90095 United States School of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology Nanyang Technological University Singapore 637457 Singapore Nanobionics Group Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering Monash University Clayton Australia 3800 Monash

Humans rely increasingly on sensors to address grand challenges and to improve quality of life in the era of digitalization and big data. For ubiquitous sensing, flexible sensors are developed to overcome the limitations of conventional rigid counterparts. Despite rapid advancement in bench-side research over the last decade, the market adoption of flexible sensors remains limited. To ease and to expedite their deployment, here, we identify bottlenecks hindering the maturation of flexible sensors and propose promising solutions. We first analyze continued...challenges in achieving satisfactory sensing performance for real-world applications and then summarize issues in compatible sensor-biology interfaces, followed by brief discussions on powering and connecting sensor networks. Issues en route to commercialization and for sustainable growth of the sector are also analyzed, highlighting environmental concerns and emphasizing nontechnical issues such as business, regulatory, and ethical considerations. Additionally, we look at future intelligent flexible sensors. In proposing a comprehensive roadmap, we hope to steer research efforts towards common goals and to guide coordinated development strategies from disparate communities. Through such collaborative

关键词： soft materials mechanics engineering flexible electronics conformable sensors bioelectronics human-machine interfaces body area sensor networks technology translation sustainable electronics

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Numerical Investigation on Formability of Ellipse Deep Drawing by Sheet Hydroforming

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2005年第1期778卷 549-554页

作者： Hiroshi Utsugi Takayuki Hama Motoo Asakawa Tomohiro Hatakeyama Akitake Makinouchi Hiroyuki Amino Yang Lu *Graduate School of Science and Engineering Waseda University 3‐4‐1 Ohkubo Shinjuku‐ku Tokyo 169‐8555 Japan ¶Department of Energy and Science Technology Kyoto University Yoshida‐Honmachi Sakyo‐ku Kyoto 606‐8501 Japan †Department of Mechanical Engineering Waseda University 3‐4‐1 Ohkubo Shinjuku‐ku Tokyo 169‐8555 Japan ‡Integrated Volume‐CAD System Program The Institute of Physical and Chemical Research 2‐1 Hirosawa Wako Saitama 351‐0198 Japan oundAmino Corporation 555 Misonodaira Fujinomiya Shizuoka 418‐0004 Japan

This paper presents the numerical investigation on the formability of the sheet hydroforming by a finite element method. The finite element method code for sheet hydroforming simulation was developed based on the static‐explicit finite‐element method code STAMP3D. Experiments and Simulations of ellipse deep drawings were performed. The simulated thickness strain distribution which has two local thinnings at the punch shoulder and at the upper part of the side wall well agreed with the experimental one, thus demonstrating the validity of the developed code. Moreover, the effects of the friction increasing effect which is one of the main features in the sheet hydroforming on the formability were examined by comparing the results between the simulations with the friction coefficient μ=0 and those with μ=0.15. When μ=0 was employed, the local thinning at the upper part of the side wall disappeared. This showed that the occurring the two local thinnings in the sheet hydroforming was originated in the friction increasing effect.

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Aloe vera and beeswax based coating to maintain shelf life of salak cv. Madu

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IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 2020年第1期542卷

作者： P R P Sari E Darmawati U Ahmad Postharvest Technology Master Program Graduate School IPB University Bogor Indonesia 16680 Departement of Mechanical Engineering and Bio-system Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and Technology IPB University Indonesia 16680

The coatings on fruits after harvested was applied to maintain the appearance and quality up to the consumer's hands. This study aimed to maintain color and reduce the level of decay of salak madu during storage. Salak madu was obtained from Madding Fresh, trader and supplier salak from Sleman, Yogyakarta. The salak was coated with Aloe vera gel (20% and 50%) and beeswax (3, 6, and 10%). All samples were stored at 25–28 °C. The parameters used to measure the effect of treatment are skin color, percentage of decay, and weight loss. Observations were carried out for 12 days. The results of this study were found that dyeing on a coating made from Aloe vera 50% was able to slow down weight loss and percentage of decay until the 6 days, while Aloe vera 30% was better at maintaining color changes during storage. Beeswax 3% coating can slow down discoloration and percentage of decay until 6 days of storage. Long-term storage (12 days) with beeswax 10% was better in maintaining changes in the quality of salak madu, while for short-term storage (6 days), beeswax 3% gives better results.

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