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11th ASME Summer Bioengineering Conference, SBC2009

作者： Haskett, Darren Johnson, Greg Geest, Jonathan Vande Department of Agriculture and Bio Systems Engineering University of Arizona Tucson AZ United States Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering University of Arizona Tucson AZ United States Biomedical Engineering Interdisciplinary Program University of Arizona Tucson AZ United States

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Heuristic regression method for descriptive data analysis 16

Heuristic regression method for descriptive data analysis

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16th International Conference on Environment and Electrical engineering, EEEIC 2016

作者： Gomes, Flavio A. Gomes, Viviane M. Assis, Alfredo De O. Reis, Marcio R. Da C. Da Cruz, Gelson Calixto, Wesley P. Electrical Mechanical and Computer Engineering School University of Goias Brazil Experimental and Technological Research and Study Group Federal Institute of Goias Brazil Program in Electronic Systems and Automation University of Brasilia Brazil

ISBN: (纸本)9781509023196

The purpose of this paper is to use the hybridized optimization method in order to find mathematical structures for analysis of experimental data. The heuristic optimization method will be hybridized with deterministic optimization method in order to that structures found require not knowledge about data generated experimentally. Three case studies are proposed and discussed to validate the results. The proposed method has viable solution for the analysis of experimental data and extrapolation, with mathematical expression reduced. © 2016 IEEE.

关键词： Heuristic methods

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Comparison of the mechanical properties of the intraluminal thrombus in abdominal aortic aneurysms and thrombus mimics

Comparison of the mechanical properties of the intraluminal ...

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10th ASME Summer Bioengineering Conference, SBC2008

作者： Ashton, John H. Haskett, Darren G. Vande Geest, Jonathan P. Biomedical Engineering Interdisciplinary Program University of Arizona Tucson AZ United States Department of Agriculture and Bio Systems Engineering University of Arizona Tucson AZ United States Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering University of Arizona Tucson AZ United States

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A new approach to measure melamine, cyanuric acid, and melamine cyanurate using surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy coupled with gold nanosubstrates

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Sensing and Instrumentation for Food Quality and Safety 2008年第1期2卷 66-71页

作者： He, Lili Liu, Yang Lin, Mengshi Awika, Joseph Ledoux, David R. Li, Hao Mustapha, Azlin Food Science Program Division of Food Systems and Bioengineering University of Missouri Columbia MO 65211 United States Department of Animal Sciences University of Missouri Columbia MO 65211 United States Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering University of Missouri Columbia MO 65211 United States

Vibrational spectroscopic characteristics of melamine, cyanuric acid, and melamine cyanurate were measured using surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) coupled with gold nanosubstrates. Trace amounts of melamine and its analogues (cyanuric acid and melamine cyanurate) were characterized and quantified quickly and accurately by SERS in combination with partial least squares (PLS) analysis. Based on the relationship between the Raman intensity of the most prominent peak at around 676 cm-1 and log values of melamine concentrations, the limit of detection (LOD) of SERS for melamine was estimated to be 2.6 × 10-7 mol L-1 (∼33 ppb). An approximately 3 × 104 fold of enhancement factor for SERS signals of melamine on gold nanosubstrates was obtained. This result was based upon the comparison of the peak at around 676 cm-1 in the SERS spectra with that of normal Raman spectra of melamine in aqueous solutions. SERS spectra of cyanuric acid acquired from its solid form differ significantly from this compound in an aqueous solution, indicating a possible keto-enol isomerization reaction of cyanuric acid in water. When equal amounts of melamine and cyanuric acid were added together, spoke-like crystals of melamine cyanurate formed instantly, which could be measured and characterized by SERS. This study demonstrates that SERS could provide a fast and ultra-sensitive tool for detection and characterization of melamine and its derivative compounds in aqueous solutions. © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2008.

关键词： Melamine

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Study on Wearable Gaze-Based Communication System for Patients with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS)

Study on Wearable Gaze-Based Communication System for Patien...

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2024 IEEE/SICE International Symposium on System Integration, SII 2024

作者： Nonoka, Sawada Uehara, Akira Kawamoto, Hiroaki Sankai, Yoshiyuki University of Tsukuba Program in Intelligent and Mechanical Interaction Systems Tennodai 1-1-1 Ibaraki Tsukuba Japan Institute of Systems and Information Engineering Center for Cybernics Research University of Tsukuba Tennodai 1-1-1 Ibaraki Tsukuba Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9798350312072

This study centers its attention on communication among ALS patients with severe symptoms, which is essential to daily life and the part that remains a difficulty. Also, communication is important to promote social participation and ability of independence. To promote social participation and improve the ability of independence without the restrictions for patients, the purpose of this study is to develop a wearable interface that enables communication based on the patient's voluntary intent, without temporal, spatial, or physical restrictions, and to confirm the feasibility of intention transmission using a new text entry algorithm. The developed interface utilized a see-through type head-mounted display (HMD) with a gaze estimation sensor to enable patients themselves to transition between cyberspace and physical space and to communicate by the system without restrictions of posture or usage environment during daily life activities. The letter selection is triggered by a change in the direction of the gaze trajectory. This method of letter selection reduces the burden on the user by avoiding the effects of dwell time and other factors associated with gazing input. The key layout for text input UI considers the characteristics of human eye movements, to minimize key selection errors and allows for quick viewpoint movement. To confirm the feasibility of the basic performance, we conducted the experiment with three able-bodied participants using the developed system and a conventional system as a comparison system, respectively. As a result, the developed system was able to input sentences in the same amount of time as the conventional system. The results show that the developed system has the basic performance of a communication interface with a new character input method based on eye movement functions. Therefore, we confirmed the feasibility of transmitting intention using a new text entry algorithm to enable communication without the restrictions. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Eye movements

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Virtual CAD parts to enhance learning of geometric dimensioning and tolerancing

Virtual CAD parts to enhance learning of geometric dimension...

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2005 ASEE Annual Conference and Exposition: The Changing Landscape of engineering and Technology Education in a Global World

作者： Carlson, Lawrence E. Trabert, Jason C. University of Colorado Boulder United States Lockheed Martin Space Systems Company United States Integrated Teaching and Learning Program and Laboratory United States Department of Mechanical Engineering United States

A method for students to gain insight into geometric dimensioning and tolerancing (GD&T) by using virtual measurement techniques is discussed. Several families of parts with intentionally distorted geometry were created in order to let students understand the meaning of manufacturing variation. Students are required to build CAD fixtures, to measure variation in each part and compare it to the GD&T specifications. Collaboration between students is encouraged, as it is well known to be an effective learning strategy.

关键词： engineering education

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LOW-carbon hydrogen production via bioenergetic systems: A bibliometric and systematic review

Next Research

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Next Research 2025年第2期2卷

作者： Victor C.L. Arruda Taynara G.S. Lago Glauber Cruz Sayonara A. Eliziário Marta C. Dantas Raphael Abrahão Postgraduate Program in Renewable Energy (PPGER) Center of Renewable and Alternative Energy (CEAR) Federal University of Paraiba (UFPB) João Pessoa Brazil Department of Renewable Energy Engineering Center of Renewable and Alternative Energy (CEAR) Federal University of Paraiba (UFPB) João Pessoa Brazil Processes and Thermal Systems Laboratory (LPSisTer) Department of Mechanical Engineering Federal University of Maranhão (UFMA) São Luís Maranhão Brazil

Biomass, the feedstock for conversion into bioenergy, can come from forestry, agricultural, urban, industrial, or animal environments. Energy from biomass can be produced by direct combustion or, converted into biofuels through bioconversion or thermoconversion processes, such as biogases (methane, hydrogen), bioethanol, biodiesel, and others. This study aimed to provide a bibliometric and systematic literature analysis of low-carbon hydrogen and bioenergy systems. A combination of the keywords "biomass," "renewable," "anaerobic digestion" or "biodigestion," and "H2" or "hydrogen" were used. The study covered the period from 2002 to 2022. After applying filters and considering the topic's relevance in current discussions, 49 works were selected and analyzed in detail. The scientific community has shown increasing interest in this field in recent years, with efforts focused on bioenergy, energy sources renewables, and climate change. Several studies, from theoretical models to experimental, were conducted at both laboratory and industrial scales, and agricultural or urban settings. In addition to anaerobic digestion, other conversion processes were explored, such as coupled or isolated dark fermentation and photo-fermentation, particularly when using algal biomass as feedstock. Co-digestion with animals, vegetable, or algae substrates was also discussed. In terms of bibliometrics, the growth trend of research has been since 2017. The increase in articles featuring practical, methodological, and technological innovations led to diverse technological and biomass arrangements. The integration of cascade bioprocesses represents a significant step toward optimizing bioenergy production. This work highlights the trends in low-carbon hydrogen production, particularly through the techniques, technologies, and substrates in various production setup combinations. However, there is still a need for research on the financial and economic aspects of investments and operations in

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Machining processes for sapphire wafers: A literature review

Machining processes for sapphire wafers: A literature review

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作者： Li, Z.C. Pei, Z.J. Funkenbusch, P.D. Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University Greensboro NC 27411 United States Department of Industrial and Manufacturing Systems Engineering Kansas State University Manhattan KS United States Materials Science Program Department of Mechanical Engineering Hajim School of Engineering and Applied Sciences Rochester NY United States

Sapphire wafers are widely used as the substrates for fabricating GaN light-emitting diodes (LEDs). The quality of LEDs depends directly on the quality of the sapphire wafers. A series of machining processes is required to turn sapphire barstock into wafers with the desired geometry and surface quality. This paper reviews the literature on various machining processes for sapphire wafers: slicing (including outer diameter cut-off grinding, inner diameter cut-off grinding, loose abrasive multi-wire sawing, fixed abrasive slicing, and fixed abrasive multi-wire sawing), flattening (including lapping and grinding), and surface finishing (including mechanical polishing and chemical mechanical polishing). New machining technologies are also introduced.

关键词： Grinding (machining)

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An improved explicit scheme for whole-building hygrothermal simulation

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建筑模拟（英文版） 2018年第3期11卷 465-481页

作者： Suelen Gasparin Julien Berger Denys Dutykh Nathan Mendes Thermal Systems Laboratory Mechanical Engineering Graduate Program Pontifical Catholic University of Paraná Rua Imaculada Concei??o 1155 Curitiba - Paraná 80215-901 Brazil LAMA UMR 5127 CNRS Université Savoie Mont Blanc Campus Scientifique 73376 Le Bourget-du-Lac Cedex France Université Savoie Mont Blanc CNRS LOCIE F-73000 Chambéry France LAMA UMR 5127 CNRS Université Savoie Mont Blanc Campus Scientifique 73376 Le Bourget-du-Lac Cedex France Thermal Systems Laboratory Mechanical Engineering Graduate Program Pontifical Catholic University of Paraná Rua Imaculada Concei??o 1155 Curitiba - Paraná 80215-901 Brazil

Implicit schemes require important sub-iterations when dealing with highly nonlinear problems such as the combined heat and moisture transfer through porous building elements. The computational cost rises significantly when the whole-building is simulated, especially when there is important coupling among the building elements themselves with neighbouring zones and with HVAC (heating ventilation and air conditioning) systems. On the other hand, the classical Euler explicit scheme is generally not used because its stability condition imposes very fine time discretisation. Hence, this paper explores the use of an improved explicit approach—the DuFort–Frankel scheme—to overcome the disadvantage of the classical explicit one and to bring benefits that cannot be obtained by implicit methods. The DuFort–Frankel approach is first compared to the classical Euler implicit and explicit schemes to compute the solution of nonlinear heat and moisture transfer through porous materials. Then, the analysis of the DuFort–Frankel unconditionally stable explicit scheme is extended to the coupled heat and moisture balances on the scale of a one- and a two-zone building models. The DuFort–Frankel scheme has the benefits of being unconditionally stable, second-order accurate in time O(Δt2) and to compute explicitly the solution at each time step, avoiding costly sub-iterations. This approach may reduce the computational cost by twenty as wel as it may enable perfect synchronism for whole-building simulation and co-simulation.

关键词： heat and moisture transfer numerical methods finite-differences explicit schemes DuFort–Frankel scheme whole-building simulation

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Effects of carbon nanofiber z-threads on the longitudinal compressive strength of unidirectional CFRP laminates

Effects of carbon nanofiber z-threads on the longitudinal co...

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SAMPE 2019 Conference and Exhibition

作者： Kirmse, Sebastian Kim, Keonhyeong Ranabhat, Bikash Hsiao, Kuang-Ting College of Engineering University of South Alabama MobileAL36688 United States Systems Engineering Program University of South Alabama MobileAL36688 United States Department of Mechanical Engineering University of South Alabama MobileAL36688 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781934551301

In this study, unidirectional carbon fiber prepregs that contain long carbon nanofiber (CNF) z-threads as a through-thickness (z-directional) reinforcement were manufactured. The CNF z-threads are long enough to thread through multiple carbon fiber (CF) arrays, which creates a multi-scale CNF/CF/resin-composite. The CNF z-threaded prepregs were manufactured using an electric-field aligned flow-transferring process. It was hypothesized that the CNF z-threads with the zig-zag threading pattern reinforces the interlaminar and intralaminar regions of the CFRP laminate thus improve the compressive strength by reducing the chance of carbon fiber buckling. Compressive testing was performed per modified version of ASTM D695 (i.e., SACMA SRM 1R-94) to evaluate the compressive strength of the CNF z-threaded CFRP (ZT-CFRP) laminates. The samples were manufactured using AS4 carbon fibers, EPON 862/Epikure-W resin and a 1wt% CNF content. ZT-CFRP testing results were compared with unaligned CNF-modified CFRP (UA-CFRP) and unmodified CFRP samples to investigate the impact of the CNF z-threads on the compressive strength. Results showed an increase of ~15% for the compressive strength of ZT-CFRPs, whereas the UA-CFRPs experienced a decrease of ~8% when compared to unmodified CFRPs. It was concluded that CNF/carbon fiber interlocking stops and delays crack growth, and helps to stabilize carbon fibers from further buckling. Copyright 2019 by Sebastian Kirmse et al. Published by Society for the Advancement of Material and Process engineering with permission.

关键词： Carbon nanofibers

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