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Solar engineering 2005

作者： Liao, Liang Athienitis, Andreas Park, Kwang-Wook Collins, Michael Poissant, Yves Dept. of Building Civil and Environmental Engineering Concordia University Montreal Que. Canada Dept. of Mechanical Engineering University of Waterloo Waterloo Ont. Canada CETC Varennes PV and Hybrid Systems Program Natural Resources Canada

This paper presents a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) study of a building-integrated photovoltaic thermal (BIPV/T) system, which generates both electricity and thermal energy. The conjugate heat transfer in the BIPV/T system cavity is studied with a 2-D CFD model. The k-Ε model is used to simulate the turbulent flow and convective heat transfer in the cavity, in addition to buoyancy effect. Longwave radiation between boundary surfaces is also modeled. Experimental measurements taken in a full scale outdoor test facility at Concordia University are generally in good agreement with the CFD model. Average and local convective heat transfer coefficients are generated and PV panel average temperature and local cell temperatures are calculated and compared with the experimental data. Copyright © 2005 by ASME.

关键词： Photovoltaic cells

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Experimental Study on Aerodynamic Effects of Different Blade Types with PIV-Method for Coaxial Counter-Rotating Rotors 7

Experimental Study on Aerodynamic Effects of Different Blade...

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7th International Conference on mechanical Manufacturing and Industrial engineering, MMIE 2024

作者： Sung, Chen-Yu Shieh, Tzong-Hann Ma, Yen-Huai Soong, Chyi-Yeou Yeh, Chun-Liang Yang, Fuh-Sen Ph.D. Program of Mechanical and Aeronautical Engineering Feng Chia University No.100 Wenhwa Rd. Seatwen Taichung40724 Taiwan Department of Aerospace and Systems Engineering Feng Chia University No.100 Wenhwa Rd. Seatwen Taichung40724 Taiwan Master's Program of Space Systems Engineering Feng Chia University No.100 Wenhwa Rd. Seatwen Taichung40724 Taiwan

ISBN: (数字)9781510683297

ISBN: (纸本)9781510683280

This paper is about the PIV experimental study on aerodynamics of a coaxial counter-rotating rotors aircraft. The main purpose is to observe and record the flow field distribution of the coaxial counter-rotating rotors when hovering, and to determine the rotor blade profile design for stable flight. The experimental method is to observe the flow field coupling effect of coaxial counter-rotating rotors with flow field visualization technology. This study uses the blade S-0 improved by the symmetrical airfoil NACA0012 and the blade AS-0 improved by the asymmetrical airfoil Viper-X to conduct flow field observation experiments. In order to survey the aerodynamic characteristics of blade configurations in the flow field under different flight conditions. This study also conducted experiments on conditions such as low and medium rotational speed at high angles of attack, medium and high angles of attack at high rotational speed. The experimental results show that the flow field of the blade S-0 has a relatively stable flow field characteristics at low rotational speed. But when the rotational speed increases and the angle of attack becomes higher, the flow field stability of the blade AS-0 is better. Finally, the flow field of blade AS-0 is more stable than the flow field of blade S-0 under most flight conditions. Therefore, blade AS-0 is more suitable for assembly on coaxial counter-rotating rotors. © 2024 SPIE.

关键词： Angle of attack

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Shuttle stability and control during the orbiter repair maneuver

Shuttle stability and control during the orbiter repair mane...

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AIAA Guidance, Navigation, and Control Conference 2005

作者： Hall, Robert Barrington, Ray Kirchwey, Kim Alaniz, Abran Grigoriadis, Karolos Charles Stark Draper Laboratory Inc Houston TX 77058 Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Houston Houston TX 77204 GNandC Systems Division MS 8B GNandC Systems Division MS 77 Aerospace Program Dept. Mechanical Eng. N207 Eng. Bldg 1 AIAA

ISBN: (纸本)1563477378

The Orbiter Repair Maneuver (ORM) is a challenging on-orbit operation designed to use the Shuttle robotic arm to rotate and present the underside of the Space Shuttle to the Space Station, hence allowing access and repair to Shuttle thermal protection system damage. The operation calls for the Shuttle and Space Station to be mated via (and only) the Shuttle arm, introducing extremely low frequency structural dynamics and hence proposes a significant control/structure dynamic interaction problem. This paper provides an overview of the Shuttle on-orbit control system design for ORM. Given the low frequency dynamics, saturation limits of the arm robotic joints, and close proximity of the two space vehicles, the Orbiter Repair Maneuver represents one of the most challenging on-orbit operations for Shuttle control design to date. Copyright © 2005 by Draper Laboratory.

关键词： Maneuverability

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Experimental Study on Vibration Displacement for Coaxial Counter-Rotating Rotors 7

Experimental Study on Vibration Displacement for Coaxial Cou...

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7th International Conference on mechanical Manufacturing and Industrial engineering, MMIE 2024

作者： Sung, Chen-Yu Shieh, Tzong-Hann Ma, Yen-Huai Soong, Chyi-Yeou Yeh, Chun-Liang Huang, Yen-Er Ph.D. Program of Mechanical and Aeronautical Engineering Feng Chia University No.100 Wenhwa Rd. Seatwen Taichung40724 Taiwan Department of Aerospace and Systems Engineering Feng Chia University No.100 Wenhwa Rd. Seatwen Taichung40724 Taiwan Master's Program of Space Systems Engineering Feng Chia University No.100 Wenhwa Rd. Seatwen Taichung40724 Taiwan

ISBN: (数字)9781510683297

ISBN: (纸本)9781510683280

This paper uses the transmission mechanism of a coaxial counter-rotating rotorcraft equipped with blade designs of different airfoils. The blades are all made of aluminum alloy 6061T6. To study the deformation of the aluminum alloy blades of the rotorcraft when it hovers. It investigates the deformation and vibration displacement of the blade under the influence of aeroelasticity under the condition of fixed angle of attack and different rotation speeds. The airfoils used for study mainly consider the NACA0012 symmetrical airfoil and the other improved design Viper-X asymmetrical airfoil (A0) as test objects. The angle of attack used in the study is 10°, and the rotational speeds used are medium rotational speed ranges such as 400rpm, 450 rpm, 500 rpm, 550 rpm, and 600 rpm. A non-contact laser displacement sensor was used as the experimental measurement method for data measurement in this study. Finally, when the rotational speed exceeds 500rpm, the improved design of the asymmetric airfoil A0 is indeed more stable than the symmetrical airfoil NACA0012. © 2024 SPIE.

关键词： Aeroelasticity

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programmable Skins based on Core-Shell Microsphere/Nanotube/Polymer Composites

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MRS Online Proceedings Library 2015年第1期1800卷 1-6页

作者： Panchapakesan, Balaji Onal, Cagdas Loomis, James Small Systems Laboratory Department of Mechanical Engineering Worcester Polytechnic Institute Worcester USA Soft Robotics Laboratory Department of Mechanical Engineering Robotics Engineering Program Worcester Polytechnic Institute Worcester USA Department of Mechanical Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge USA

In this paper, we describe unique thermally responsive polymer system based on nanotube-elastomers dispersed with core-shell expanding microspheres (phase-change material). Upon thermal or infrared stimuli, liquid hydrocarbon cores encapsulated within the microspheres vaporize, expanding the surrounding shells and stretching the matrix. Microsphere transformation resulted in visible dimensional changes associated with macroscopic volume increase (>500%), reduction in density (>80%), and increase in elastic modulus (>675%). Additionally, electrically conductive nanotubes allowed for expansion dependent electrical responses. We present our new findings on expansion dependent superhydrophobicity in these materials and present some outlook and comparison of our stimuli responsive polymers with other material systems for future origami based applications.

关键词： actuator composite nanostructure

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A multivariable coupling design for variable structure control using particle swarm optimization

A multivariable coupling design for variable structure contr...

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2006 ASME International mechanical engineering Congress and Exposition, IMECE2006

作者： Dos Santos Coelho, Leandro Mariani, Viviana Cocco Pontifical Catholic University of Parana Production and Systems Engineering Graduate Program PPGEPS / CCET / PUCPR Imaculada Conceicao 1155 80215-901 Curitiba Parana Brazil Pontifical Catholic University of Parana Mechanical Engineering Graduate Program PPGEM / CCET/ PUCPR Imaculada Conceicao 1155 80215-901 Curitiba Parana Brazil

ISBN: (纸本)0791837904

This paper presents a new discrete-time sliding-mode control design for multiple-input multi-output (MIMO) systems with tuning parameters by particle swarm optimization (PSO). PSO is a kind of evolutionary algorithm based on a population of individuals and motivated by the simulation of social behavior instead of the survival of the fittest individual. Several control algorithms are presented, two decoupling design and six new approaches of the coupling design of sliding-mode control without the necessity of calculate the process interactor matrix. SMC needs a design tool for parameter configuration and efficient practically to deal with multivariable processes. Simulations are carried out using both decoupling and coupling discrete-time SMC designs. Results shown that the new proposed approach for designing the discrete-time coupling SMC is a powerful tool and it performs better than the decoupling design, usually utilized in MIMO process. The simulations are assessed on a robotic manipulator of two degree-of-freedom (2-DOF), that constitute a MIMO nonlinear coupling dynamic system, with treatment of payload mass and link length variations. Simulation results show that the application of this control strategy effectively improve the trajectory tracking precision of position and velocity variables. Copyright © 2006 by ASME.

关键词： Sliding mode control

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mechanical design using quantum-behaved particle swarm optimizer with exponential mutation operator

Mechanical design using quantum-behaved particle swarm optim...

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2006 ASME International mechanical engineering Congress and Exposition, IMECE2006

作者： Dos Santos Coelho, Leandro Marian, Viviana Cocco Production and Systems Engineering Graduate Program PPGEPS / CCET / PUCPR Pontifical Catholic University of Parana Imaculada Conceicao 1155 80215-901 Curitiba Parana Brazil Mechanical Engineering Graduate Program PPGEM / CCET/ PUCPR Pontifical Catholic University of Parana Imaculada Conceicao 1155 80215-901 Curitiba Parana Brazil

ISBN: (纸本)0791837904

Particle swarm optimization (PSO) is a population-based swarm intelligence algorithm that shares many similarities with evolutionary computation techniques. However, the PSO is driven by the simulation of a social psychological metaphor motivated by collective behaviours of bird and other social organisms instead of the survival of the fittest individual. Inspired by the classical PSO method and quantum mechanics theories, this work presents new Quantum-behaved PSO (QPSO) approaches using mutation operator with exponential probability distribution. The simulation results demonstrate good performance of the QPSO in solving a well-studied continuous optimization problem of mechanical engineering design. Copyright © 2006 by ASME.

关键词： Quantum theory

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Discrete variable structure control based on optimization by cultural differential evolution approach

Discrete variable structure control based on optimization by...

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2006 ASME International mechanical engineering Congress and Exposition, IMECE2006

作者： Dos Santos Coelho, Leandro Mariani, Viviana Cocco Pontifical Catholic University of Parana Production and Systems Engineering Graduate Program PPGEPS / CCET/ PUCPR Imaculada Conceicao 1155 80215-901 Curitiba Parana Brazil Pontifical Catholic University of Parana Mechanical Engineering Graduate Program PPGEM / CCET/ PUCPR Imaculada Conceicao 1155 80215-901 Curitiba Parana Brazil

ISBN: (纸本)0791837904

Advanced conceptions to design industrial control systems are, in general, dependent of mathematical models of the controlled process. Also, the task of the controllers is to achieve an optimum performance when facing with various types of disturbances that are, sometimes, unknown in practical applications. An advanced methodology for control design is the variable structure control (VSC) with sliding mode. This paper considers the non-linear control of industrial processes based on self-tuning discrete VSC technique. A novel and systematic VSC design methodology is proposed, which integrates an estimator based on recursive least square algorithm, a discrete quasi-sliding surface and a optimization method. Contrary to the trial and error selection of the variable structure feedback gains reported in the literature, the selection in present work is done using differential evolution (DE) optimization, an evolutionary computation technique, with a new operator based on normative knowledge of cultural algorithms. The proposed design has been applied to a control valve described by a non-linear Wiener model. Numerical simulation results reveal that the new DE approach is applicable and promising for the VSC design. Copyright © 2006 by ASME.

关键词： Optimal control systems

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Lamb wave signals for damage detection using a probability-based imaging algorithm 7

Lamb wave signals for damage detection using a probability-b...

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7th International Workshop on Structural Health Monitoring: From System Integration to Autonomous systems, IWSHM 2009

作者： Lu, Y. Ye, L. Wang, D. Wang, X. Su, Z. School of Aerospace Mechanical and Mechatronic Engineering University of Sydney NSW2006 Australia Urban Systems Program CSIRO Sustainable Ecosystems Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation 37 Graham Road Highett MelbourneVIC3190 Australia Department of Mechanical Engineering Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hong Kong Hong Kong

ISBN: (纸本)9781605950075

Identification of multiple notches in an aluminium plate was investigated with the aid of probability-based imaging evaluation of Lamb wave signals activated and captured by a piezoelectric sensor network. A signal processing algorithm featuring signal synchronization and correlation is proposed to facilitate the extraction of damage-scattered waves, by the means of which the corresponding arrival times of the scattered waves are obtained. Using a virtually-meshed grid in the plate, an image with respect to the probability of the arrival time at individual nodes is achieved, indicating the location of damage as perceived by individual actuator-sensor paths. Compromised and conjunctive data fusion techniques are applied to aggregate the images for all engaged actuator-sensor paths, to provide a complete appraisal of the location of damage. The diagnostic results demonstrate that the proposed approach is capable of identifying multiple notches with good accuracy in terms of their position.

关键词： Surface waves

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Minimizing Urban Logistics Cost Using Crowd-Shipping 2019

Minimizing Urban Logistics Cost Using Crowd-Shipping

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Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Vision, Image and Signal Processing

作者： Chandra Restu Pakarti Stefano Starita Logistics and Supply Chain Systems Engineering Program School of Manufacturing Systems and Mechanical Engineering Sirindhorn International Institute of Technology Thammasat University Pathum Thani Thailand Logistics and Supply Chain Systems Engineering Program School of Manufacturing Systems and Mechanical Engineering Sirindhorn International Institute of Technology Thammasat UniversityPathum Thani Thailand

ISBN: (纸本)9781450376259

This study aims to determine the extent to which crowd-shipping delivery can reduce shipping costs. An extension of the classic Capacitated Vehicle Routing Problem (CVRP) is studied to model the possibility of performing deliveries using private citizen. A probabilistic model is incorporated to estimate the likelihood of finding a crowd-shipper for a given compensation. The model is applied to a logistics company based in Bandung, Indonesia. Results indicate significant advantages in using crowd-shipper as opposed to the traditional method. Specifically, costs can be reduced by about 20% and carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions can be reduced by 21% when a base scenario price sensitivity is considered. Overall, the case study suggests potential economic and environmental benefits relying on Occasional Couriers (OC's).

关键词： Crowd-Shipping Vehicle Routing Problem Sustainable Logistics

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