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IIE Annual Conference and Expo 2014

作者： Aqlan, Faisal Lam, Sarah S. Ramakrishnan, Sreekanth Testani, Michael Industrial and System Engineering Program Department of Mechanical Civil and Environmental Engineering University of New Haven West HavenCT06516 United States Department of Systems Science and Industrial Engineering State University of New York at Binghamton BinghamtonNY13902 United States IBM Corporation WalthamMA02451 United States IBM Corporation EndicottNY13760 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9780983762430

This paper presents a workplace ergonomic study in a high-end server manufacturing environment to assess ergonomics risks and enhance the Lean transformation. Operators perform heavy and repetitive lifting and movement of products could place stress on their back and upper extremities. Forceful exertions to move a manual forklift in the workplace area could lead to fatigue and possible damage to muscles and other tissues. The objective of this study is to reduce ergonomics risks to an acceptable level and provide operators with the right tools and proper work environment. Digital human modeling based on the Jack software, is used for risk assessment. Results are analyzed to provide proper solutions. Ergonomic risks assessed include: force and posture risks, noise, vibration, temperature, and illumination. Lean process is implemented in the workplace to reduce the Lean wastes that include waiting time, transportation, and non-value-add processes. Ergonomic improvements are introduced to complement and support the Lean process implementation. Three main ergonomic risks are found to be high and could affect the operators: energy expenditure, posture, and back force. Several modifications are implemented to reduce these risks: the manual forklift is replaced with an automated forklift that is easy to move and requires less human effort, the workplace area is expanded to provide more work space, and the operators are provided with proper tools to perform the task without risk.

关键词： Manufacture

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Solution of Jiles-Atherton vector hysteresis parameters estimation by modified Differential Evolution approaches

Solution of Jiles-Atherton vector hysteresis parameters esti...

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作者： Coelho, Leandro Dos Santos Mariani, Viviana Cocco Leite, Jean Vianei Industrial and Systems Engineering Graduate Program PPGEPS PUCPR Imaculada Conceião 1155 80215-901 Curitiba Parana Brazil Department of Mechanical Engineering Pontifical Catholic University of Parana PUCPR Imaculada Conceião 1155 80215-901 Curitiba Parana Brazil Department of Electrical Engineering GRUCAD UFSC Postal Box 476 88040-970 Florianopolis Santa Catarina Brazil

Differential Evolution (DE) is a simple and efficient stochastic global optimization algorithm of evolutionary computation field, which involves the evolution of a population of solutions using operators such as mutation, crossover, and selection. The basic idea of DE is to adapt the search during the evolutionary process. At the start of the evolution, the perturbations are large since parent populations are far away from each other. As the evolutionary process matures, the population converges to a small region and the perturbations adaptively become small. DE approaches have been successfully applied to solve a wide range of optimization problems. In this paper, the parameters set of the Jiles-Atherton vector hysteresis model is obtained with an approach based on modified Differential Evolution (MDE) approaches using generation-varying control parameters based on generation of random numbers with uniform distribution. Several evaluated MDE approaches perform better than the classical DE methods and a genetic algorithm approach in terms of the quality and stability of the final solutions in optimization of vector Jiles-Atherton vector hysteresis model from a workbench containing a rotational single sheet tester. © 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： Hysteresis

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Integrating lean and ergonomics to improve internal transportation in a manufacturing environment

Integrating lean and ergonomics to improve internal transpor...

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IIE Annual Conference and Expo 2014

作者： Aqlan, Faisal Lam, Sarah S. Ramakrishnan, Sreekanth Boldrin, Warren Industrial and System Engineering Program Department of Mechanical Civil and Environmental Engineering University of New Haven West HavenCT06516 United States Department Systems Science and Industrial Engineering State University of New York at Binghamton BinghamtonNY13902 United States IBM Corporation WalthamMA02451 United States IBM Corporation PoughkeepsieNY12601 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9780983762430

This paper presents a study that integrates lean manufacturing and ergonomic principles to redesign and improve the internal transportation process in a high-end server manufacturing environment. Transportation of electronic parts within the factories is an important issue. The current transportation carts present quality hazards to electronic parts and they were not designed to handle the right dimensions and quantities of the newly introduced products. Furthermore, the current flow of carts introduces waiting time for the carts in the assembly areas. Inefficient transportation not only increases the waiting times but also the transportation costs. The objective of this study is to improve the transportation process and redesign transportation carts that are currently used to transport parts between different areas in a high-end server manufacturing environment utilizing lean and ergonomic principles. A new lean-based flow of transportation carts is proposed to reduce the waiting time and transported distance by having separate carts for each area. The new design of the carts represents a Poke-Yoke that prevents the operators from stacking the cards. Ergonomic principles are also considered in the new design. The number of carts required is estimated based on historical demand, outcomes from containment actions, current processes, and inputs from the production-planning department. The new lean-based flow and design of carts have resulted in cost savings and cost avoidance.

关键词： Lean production

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Design and prototype development of advanced oxidation black and gray water treatment systems

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 2006年第3期118卷 51-64页

作者： Markle, Stephen P. CDR. STEPHEN P. MARKLE USN (REt.)P.E.a retired US Navy Engineering Duty Officer and is the Engineering Director for Navalis Environmental Systems. His active duty assignments included the staff of the Chief of Naval Operations Director of Surface Warfare as Section Head for Surface Combatant Maintenance and Modernization Program Executive Office Expeditionary Warfare as Assistant Project Manager for the (TAKE 1)Class Program and as Deputy Director Environmental Programs Division at Naval Sea Systems Command. He is a 1993 graduate of the Naval Construction and Engineering Program at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology where he received a Naval Engineers Degree and Master of Science in Mechanical Engineering. Since 1995 he has authored thirteen published technical papers dealing with environmental issues. CDR Markle is the recipient of Fiscal Year 2001 Individual Environmental Quality Awards and Environmental Excellence in Weapon System Acquisition Team Awards from Naval Sea Systems Command Chief of Naval Operations Secretary of the Navy and Secretary of Defense and the 2001 ASNE “Jimmie Hamilton” award. He is a Professional Engineer registered in the State of New York and Commonwealth of Virginia. He serves as the Chair of the Joint ASNE/SNAME Committee on Environmental Engineering and also as Chair of ASTM Ships and Marine Technology Marine Environmental Protection Subcommittee (F25.06).

Regulations governing the discharge of sewage from ships have been in force since the early 1970's. In response, the marine industry has developed ever more complex systems and processes for managing these wastes. The first compliance method involved holding wastes until they could be legally discharged;as technology advanced, treatment systems were developed and installed to enable discharge within regulated waters. As the size and number of ships as increased with maturation of the ocean tourism business, more restrictive regulations have been enacted to minimize the impact on sensitive waters. The trend is toward increasing regulation of both sewage and graywater. The most recent action occurred on 12 October 2005 when the Governor of California signed into law Senate Bill 771 regulating most ship liquid discharges within state waters. This paper describes the development of an innovative advanced wastewater treatment technology, based on advanced oxidation, bearing in mind the lessons learned from systems developed by industry over the past thirty years.

关键词： Wastewater treatment

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Additive nanomanufacturing of lab-on-a-chip fluorescent peptide nanoparticle arrays for Alzheimer＇s disease diagnosis

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Bio-Design and Manufacturing 2018年第3期1卷 182-194页

作者： Leming Sun Zhen Fan Tao Yues Jun Yin Jianzhong FU Mingjun Zhang Department of Biomedical Engineering College ofEngineering Ohio State University Columbus OH 43210USA School of Life Sciences Northwestern PolytechnicalUniversity Xi'an 710072 Shaanxi China Department of Polymeric Materials School of MaterialScience and Engineering Tongji UniversityShanghai 201804 China Institute for Advanced Study TongjiUniversity Shanghai 200092 China School of Mechatronic Engineering and Automation Shanghai University Shanghai 200444 China The State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems School of Mechanical Engineering ZhejiangUniversity Hangzhou 310028 China Key Laboratory of 3D Printing Process and Equipment of Zhejiang Province School of Mechanical EngineeringZhejiang University Hangzhou 310028 China Dorothy M. Davis Heart & Lung Research Institute The OhioState University Wexner Medical Center Columbus OH43210 USA Interdisciplinary Biophysics Graduate Program Ohio StateUniversity Columbus OH 43210 USA

This paper proposes an additive nanomanufacturing approach to fabricate a personalized lab-on-a-chip fluorescent peptide nanoparticles （f-PNPs） array for simultaneous multi-biomarker detection that can be used in Alzheimer＇s disease （AD） diagnosis. We will discuss optimization techniques for the additive nanomanufacturing process in terms of reliability, yield and manufacturing efficiency. One contribution of this paper lies in utilization of additive nanomanufacturing techniques to fabricate a patient-specific customize-designed lab-on-a-chip device for personalized AD diagnosis, which remains a major challenge for biomedical engineering. Through the integrated bio-design and bio-manufacturing process, doctor＇s check- up and computer-aided customized design are integrated into the lab-on-a-chip array for patient-specific AD diagnosis. In addition, f-PNPs with targeting moieties for personalized AD biomarkers will be self-assembled onto the customized lab-on-a- chip through the additive nanomanufacturing process, which has not been done before. Another contribution of this research is the personalized lab-on-a-chip f-PNPs array for AD diagnosis utilizing limited human blood. Blood-based AD assessment has been described as ＂the holy grail＂ of early AD detection. This research created the computer-aided design, fabrication through additive nanomanufacturing, and validation of the f-PNPs array for AD diagnosis. This is a highly interdisciplinary research contributing to nanotechnology, biomaterials, and biomedical engineering for neurodegenerative disease. The conceptual work is preliminary with intent to introduce novel techniques to the application. Large-scale manufacturing based on the proposed framework requires extensive validation and optimization.

关键词： Nanomanufacturing Lab-on-a-chip Fluorescent peptide nanoparticle Alzheimer＇s disease Diagnosis

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Diversity-Guided Generalized Extremal Optimization for Transformer Design Problem

Diversity-Guided Generalized Extremal Optimization for Trans...

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IEEE Symposium Series on Computational Intelligence

作者： Leandro dos S. Coelho Viviana C. Mariani Rafael B. Grebogi Emerson H. de Vasconcelos Segundo Mauricio V. Ferreira da Luz Jean V. Leite Roberto Z. Freire Industrial and Systems Engineering Graduate Program Electrical Engineering Federal University of Parana - UFPR Curitiba Brazil Mechanical Engineering Graduate Program Electrical Engineering Federal University of Parana - UFPR Curitiba Brazil Mechanical Engineering Graduate Program Federal Institute of Santa Catarina - IFSC Lages Brazil Mechanical Engineering Graduate Program Pontifical Catholic University of Parana - PUCPR Curitiba Brazil GRUCAD-EEL-CTC Federal University of Santa Catarina - UFSC Florianópolis Brazil Federal University of Santa Catarina - UFSC Florianópolis Brazil Industrial and Systems Engineering Graduate Program Pontifical Catholic University of Parana - PUCPR Curitiba Brazil

Market competitiveness and pressure for rational use of resources led manufacturers to look for optimized electromagnetic devices. The large number of variables involving the design of this technology, as well as the compromise between performance and efficiency, have provide the opportunity to adopt optimization techniques in their design stage. Recently, a wide variety of both traditional and nontraditional mathematical algorithms have been introduced to solve challenging and practical optimization problems related to electromagnetic equipment. Evolutionary metaheuristics are general-purpose optimization algorithms inspired by natural self-organized systems and by biological evolution. An optimization method, called Extremal Optimization (EO), which is based on a simplified model of natural selection, was developed to show the emergence of self-organized criticality based on Bak-Sneppen model in ecosystems. Recently, a generalized version of EO method, called Generalized Extremal Optimization (GEO), was proposed. This technique can be applied to a broad class of design optimization problems. In order to enhance and to improve the search performance and efficiency of GEO, a novel Diversity-guided GEO (DGEO) metaheuristic algorithm, with focus in global continuous optimization, is proposed and investigated in this paper considering the design stage of an electromagnetic device. The analysis was carried for a single-phase transformer and revealed that DGEO provided considerable better performance in convergence speed and solution quality than standard GEO.

关键词： Metaheuristic optimization Transformer design Generalized extremal optimization Power-grid Power conversion

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A Zaslavskii Firefly Approach Applied to Loney's Solenoid Benchmark

A Zaslavskii Firefly Approach Applied to Loney's Solenoid Be...

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IEEE International Conference on systems, Man, and Cybernetics

作者： Leandro dos Santos Coelho Emerson Hochsteiner de Vasconcelos Segundo Viviana Cocco Mariani Marcia de Fatima Morais Roberto Zanetti Freire Industrial and Systems Eng. Graduate Program (PPGEPS) Pontifical Catholic University of Parana (PUCPR) and Department of Electrical Engineering Federal University of Parana (UFPR) Mechanical Engineering Graduate Program (PPGEM) Pontifical Catholic University of Parana (PUCPR) Mechanical Engineering Graduate Program (PPGEM) Pontifical Catholic University of Parana (PUCPR) and Department of Electrical Engineering Federal University of Parana (UFPR) Industrial and Systems Eng. Graduate Program (PPGEPS) Pontifical Catholic University of Parana (PUCPR)

ISBN: (纸本)9781479938414

Nature-inspired algorithms of the swarm intelligence field perform powerfully and efficiently in solving global optimization problems. Inspired by nature, these metaheuristic algorithms have obtained promising performance over continuous domains of optimization problems. Recently, a new swarm intelligence approach called firefly algorithm (FA) has emerged. The FA is a stochastic paradigm based on the idealized behavior of the flashing characteristics of fireflies. However, to achieve good performance with FA, the tuning of control parameters is essential as its performance is sensitive to the choice of the randomization parameter (α) setting. This paper introduces a FA approach combined with chaotic sequences generated by Zaslavskii map (FACZ) to tune the randomization parameter. Simulations of Loney's solenoid benchmark problem examine the effectiveness of the conventional FA and the proposed FACZ algorithms. Simulation results and comparisons with the FACZ demonstrated that the performance of the FA is promising in the Loney's solenoid case.

关键词： Swarm intelligence Firefly algorithm Electromagnetic optimization Chaotic sequences Loney's solenoid

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Synthesis of Zeolite from Waste Concrete Powder

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Funtai Oyobi Fummatsu Yakin/Journal of the Japan Society of Powder and Powder Metallurgy 2022年第5期69卷 208-212页

作者： Harada, Satori Kanda, Yasuyuki Mechanical Systems Engineering Course Graduate School of University of the Ryukyus 1 Senbaru Nishihara-cho Nakagami-gun Okinawa903-0213 Japan Mechanical Engineering Program School of Engineering Faculty of Engineering University of the Ryukyus 1 Senbaru Nishihara-cho Nakagami-gun Okinawa903-0213 Japan

This study investigated the conditions for zeolite synthesis from waste concrete powder (WCP) using the hydrothermal synthesis method. The WCP was prepared by milling the waste concrete using pot mill equipment. The synthesis conditions, i.e., the heating time, heating temperature, and NaOH solution concentration were varied. Furthermore, hydrochloric acid-treated WCP (WCP-HCl), which is removed the calcium component, was prepared to examine the effectiveness of acid treatment in the zeolite synthesis. The zeolite synthesis was investigated using X ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Analcime-type zeolite was synthesized using WCP and WCP-HCl. The requirements of synthesis conditions for analcime were as follows: heating time above 12 h, heating temperature above 433 K, and NaOH solution concentration above 2 mol/ L. With a progressive increase in the concentration of the NaOH solution from 5 to 7 mol/L, analcime could be synthesized at NaOH concentrations below 4 mol/L, while cancrinite was synthesized at NaOH concentrations exceeding 5 mol/L. The peak intensity of analcime and cancrinite of WCP-HCl showed high value in comparison to the WCP. Thus, the effectiveness of the HCl treatment of WCP was confirmed from the XRD patterns. ©2022 Japan Society of Powder and Powder Metallurgy.

关键词： Hydrothermal synthesis

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Towards a terramechanics for bio-inspired locomotion in granular environments

Towards a terramechanics for bio-inspired locomotion in gran...

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13th Biennial ASCE Aerospace Division International Conference on engineering, Science, Construction, and Operations in Challenging Environments, Earth and Space 2012 and the 5th NASA/ASCE Workshop on Granular Materials in Space Exploration

作者： Li, Chen Ding, Yang Gravish, Nick Maladen, Ryan D. Masse, Andrew Umbanhowar, Paul B. Komsuoglu, Haldun Koditschek, Daniel E. Goldman, Daniel I. School of Physics Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta GA 30332 United States Interdisciplinary Bioengineering Program Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta GA 30332 United States Department of Mechanical Engineering Northwestern University Evanston IL 60208 United States Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia PA 19104 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9780784412190

Granular media (GM) present locomotor challenges for terrestrial and extraterrestrial devices because they can flow and solidify in response to localized intrusion of wheels, limbs, and bodies. While the development of airplanes and submarines is aided by understanding of hydrodynamics, fundamental theory does not yet exist to describe the complex interactions of locomotors with GM. In this paper, we use experimental, computational, and theoretical approaches to develop a terramechanics for bio-inspired locomotion in granular environments. We use a fluidized bed to prepare GM with a desired global packing fraction, and use empirical force measurements and the Discrete Element Method (DEM) to elucidate interaction mechanics during locomotion-relevant intrusions in GM such as vertical penetration and horizontal drag. We develop a resistive force theory (RFT) to account for more complex intrusions. We use these force models to understand the locomotor performance of two bio-inspired robots moving on and within GM. © ASCE 2012.

关键词： Finite difference method

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Development of Real-time Assembly Work Monitoring System Based on 3D Skeletal Model of Arms and Fingers

Development of Real-time Assembly Work Monitoring System Bas...

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IEEE International Conference on systems, Man and Cybernetics

作者： Taichi Obinata Hiroaki Kawamoto Yoshiyuki Sankai Master’s Program in Intelligent and Mechanical Interaction Systems Univetsity of Tsukuba Ibaraki Japan Faculty of Engineering Information and Systems Center for Cybernics Research University of Tsukuba Ibaraki Japan

ISBN: (数字)9781728185262

ISBN: (纸本)9781728185279

Decreasing birth rates and an aging population in society often cause labor shortages in the manufacturing industry, making the development of methods to improve productivity based on limited human resources imperative. One way to achieve this is by enhancing product quality via the reduction of product losses and the consequent need for reassembly due to human error. Human error during assembly can arise from specific actions via the arms and fingers. We assumed that these errors can be captured based on the information on human skeletal models. The purpose of this study is to propose and develop a system that acquires information about assembly procedures by using human skeletal models, including the fingers of workers, and notifies them of skipped procedures and errors in part types. Further, we confirm the basic capability of the proposed system via experiments based on simulated assembly work. The proposed system monitors workers' motion based on color and depth images captured by a single RGB-D camera. In addition, we developed a function to detect the process and to point out errors with audible and visual feedbacks when errors were made by workers in assembly processes. In the experiment using simulated assembly work, the proposed system exhibited an accuracy rate of 98.3% with respect to acquisition of assembly processes. In the case of an error in an assembly process, the system was able to point out the error correctly and provide feedback to the worker before he had finished picking up the wrong part. In conclusion, we confirmed that the developed system exhibited the basic capability to acquire work procedures and efficiently point out errors in real time.

关键词： Productivity Visualization Three-dimensional displays Fingers Real-time systems Statistics Monitoring

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