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2005 ASME International mechanical engineering Congress and Exposition, IMECE 2005

作者： Dabney, James B. Harman, Thomas L. Aswatharanayan, Charanya Ghorbel, Fathi H. Chakkungal, Joseph J. Mary Randolphs-Gips Systems Engineering Program University of Houston - Clear Lake Houston TX Department of Mechanical Engineering Rice University Houston TX

ISBN: (纸本)0791842169

Piezoelectric ultrasonic motors (PUMs) fill a unique niche in mechatronic actuators. The motors are lightweight, simple, and reliable, containing a single moving part that provides the function of motor, transmission, and brake. They are ideal for a variety of robotic applications as well as commercial and medical applications. In order to exploit PUMs fully, computationally efficient models of dynamic response, capturing all important dynamics, are needed. This paper describes the experimental characterization of the dynamic response of a typical commercial PUM (Shinsei USR-30) using an inertial load and evaluation of three classes of dynamic models: second-order predictive (physics-based) models, algebraic (curve fitting) descriptive models, and neural network approximation. Copyright © 2005 by ASME.

关键词： Ultrasonic equipment

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Automatic process planning and toolpath generation of a multiaxis hybrid manufacturing system

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Journal of Manufacturing Processes 2005年第1期7卷 57-68页

作者： Ruan, Jianzhong Eiamsa-Ard, Kunnayut Liou, F.W. Dept. of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering University of Missouri-Rolla Rolla MO United States Dept. of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering University of Missouri-Rolla United States Dept. of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering University of Missouri-Rolla United States Interdisciplinary Manufacturing Engineering Program UMR France Intelligent Systems Center UMR France

With the integration of multiaxis layered manufacturing and material removal (machining) processes, a hybrid system has more capability and flexibility to build complicated geometry with a single setup. Process planning to integrate the two different processes is a key issue. In this paper, an algorithm of adaptive slicing for a five-axis Laser Aided Manufacturing Process (LAMP) is summarized that can generate uniform and non-uniform thickness slices. A method to build a non-uniform (thickness) layer that utilizes two processes is presented, and an overall algorithm for integration is described. The newly developed algorithm implemented in the process planning helps the hybrid system build parts more efficiently.

关键词： Hybrid System Layered Manufacturing Process Planning Toolpath Generation

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Virtual CAD parts to enhance learning of geometric dimensioning and tolerancing

Virtual CAD parts to enhance learning of geometric dimension...

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2005 ASEE Annual Conference and Exposition: The Changing Landscape of engineering and Technology Education in a Global World

作者： Carlson, Lawrence E. Trabert, Jason C. University of Colorado Boulder United States Lockheed Martin Space Systems Company United States Integrated Teaching and Learning Program and Laboratory United States Department of Mechanical Engineering United States

A method for students to gain insight into geometric dimensioning and tolerancing (GD&T) by using virtual measurement techniques is discussed. Several families of parts with intentionally distorted geometry were created in order to let students understand the meaning of manufacturing variation. Students are required to build CAD fixtures, to measure variation in each part and compare it to the GD&T specifications. Collaboration between students is encouraged, as it is well known to be an effective learning strategy.

关键词： engineering education

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Numerical study of conjugate heat transfer in a bipv-thermal system

Numerical study of conjugate heat transfer in a bipv-thermal...

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Solar engineering 2005

作者： Liao, Liang Athienitis, Andreas Park, Kwang-Wook Collins, Michael Poissant, Yves Dept. of Building Civil and Environmental Engineering Concordia University Montreal Que. Canada Dept. of Mechanical Engineering University of Waterloo Waterloo Ont. Canada CETC Varennes PV and Hybrid Systems Program Natural Resources Canada

This paper presents a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) study of a building-integrated photovoltaic thermal (BIPV/T) system, which generates both electricity and thermal energy. The conjugate heat transfer in the BIPV/T system cavity is studied with a 2-D CFD model. The k-Ε model is used to simulate the turbulent flow and convective heat transfer in the cavity, in addition to buoyancy effect. Longwave radiation between boundary surfaces is also modeled. Experimental measurements taken in a full scale outdoor test facility at Concordia University are generally in good agreement with the CFD model. Average and local convective heat transfer coefficients are generated and PV panel average temperature and local cell temperatures are calculated and compared with the experimental data. Copyright © 2005 by ASME.

关键词： Photovoltaic cells

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Shuttle stability and control during the orbiter repair maneuver

Shuttle stability and control during the orbiter repair mane...

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AIAA Guidance, Navigation, and Control Conference 2005

作者： Hall, Robert Barrington, Ray Kirchwey, Kim Alaniz, Abran Grigoriadis, Karolos Charles Stark Draper Laboratory Inc Houston TX 77058 Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Houston Houston TX 77204 GNandC Systems Division MS 8B GNandC Systems Division MS 77 Aerospace Program Dept. Mechanical Eng. N207 Eng. Bldg 1 AIAA

ISBN: (纸本)1563477378

The Orbiter Repair Maneuver (ORM) is a challenging on-orbit operation designed to use the Shuttle robotic arm to rotate and present the underside of the Space Shuttle to the Space Station, hence allowing access and repair to Shuttle thermal protection system damage. The operation calls for the Shuttle and Space Station to be mated via (and only) the Shuttle arm, introducing extremely low frequency structural dynamics and hence proposes a significant control/structure dynamic interaction problem. This paper provides an overview of the Shuttle on-orbit control system design for ORM. Given the low frequency dynamics, saturation limits of the arm robotic joints, and close proximity of the two space vehicles, the Orbiter Repair Maneuver represents one of the most challenging on-orbit operations for Shuttle control design to date. Copyright © 2005 by Draper Laboratory.

关键词： Maneuverability

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The effect of stiffness and curvature on the haptic identification of surfaces

The effect of stiffness and curvature on the haptic identifi...

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World Haptics Conference

作者： V.S. Chib J.L. Patton K.M. Lynch F.A. Mussa-Ivaldi Biomedical Engineering Laboratory for Intelligent Mechanical Systems Northwestern University USA Biomedical Engineering Northwestern University USA Laboratory for Intelligent Mechanical Systems Mechanical Engineering Northwestern University Sensory Motor Performance Program Biomedical Engineering Department of Physiology Northwestern University

We perform experiments to investigate how humans acquire an internal representation of virtual objects through the execution of reaching movements across the object surface. Subjects were instructed to make reaching movements between points lying on the boundary of a planar virtual surface of varying stiffness. Results suggest two types of internal representation: force perturbations and object boundaries. In the first case, a rectilinear hand movement is enforced by opposing the interaction forces. In the second case, the trajectory is conformed to the object boundary so as to reduce interaction forces. While this dichotomy is evident for very rigid and very soft objects, the likelihood of identifying a surface boundary depended, in a smooth and monotonic way, on the average force experienced in the first movements. This continuum of interactive behaviors suggests that the nervous system uses a weighted combination of two control strategies, one generating a compensatory response, the other a compliant motion.

关键词： Haptic interfaces Biomedical engineering Laboratories Intelligent systems Intelligent sensors mechanical systems Humans mechanical engineering Physiology Nervous system

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A guideline for parameter design of body surface laplacian electrodes and its application in EGG detection

A guideline for parameter design of body surface laplacian e...

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2005 27th Annual International Conference of the engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, IEEE-EMBS 2005

作者： He, Feng Li, Gang Lin, Ling Besio, Walter G. Lu, Stephen C.-Y. Inspiring Technical Laboratory College of Precision Instruments and Opto-Electronics Engineering Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 China Biomedical Engineering Program Center for Biomedical Engineering and Rehabilitation Science Louisiana Tech University LO United States Dept. of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering Computer Science and Industrial and Systems Engineering University of Southern California CA 90089-1453

ISBN: (纸本)0780387406

The influence of dimension parameters on the performance of Body-surface Laplacian electrodes is studied in this paper. Some rules about the parameter optimization design are presented. The investigation suggests that the effective radius b should be equal to the inner radius of the ring electrode in order to reduce the relative error. Besides, in the presence of weak bioelectrical signals, reasonably increasing b would be helpful to improve SNR. Furthermore, an evaluation method based on these principles is prompted, as an instance of which, feasibility of introducing Surface Laplacian technique into EGG exploration is discussed. © 2005 IEEE.

关键词： Product design

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Operating speed profiles and the ship design cycle

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 2005年第3期117卷 79-85页

作者： Surko, S Osborne, M CDR. Stephen W. Surko USN (ret.) is serving as a principal member of the technical staff of Noesis Inc. He graduated with distinction from the United States Naval Academy in 1982 with a bachelor of science in ocean engineering. Serving as a division officer aboard USS Elliot (DD 967) he enjoyed two WESTPAC deployments and qualified as a surface warfare officer. He completed postgraduate studies at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1988 receiving master of science degrees in naval architecture and marine engineering and mechanical engineering. He earned his professional engineer's license in 1989. Subsequent tours of duty have included: personnel exchange program with Canada's Directorate General Maritime Engineering and Maintenance Philadelphia Naval Shipyard Naval Surface Warfare Center Carderock Division Ship Systems Engineering Station Naval Sea Systems Command Chief of Naval Operations Land Attack Warfare Division and Naval Surface Warfare Center Carderock Division. Steve Surko is an active member of the U.S. Naval Institute and ASNE

One key, but little documented and empirically supported, input in the ship design cycle is the expected operating speed profile. This real-world constraint affects many decisions regarding bull form and power systems, from fuel tanks to main propulsion and ship's service machinery selection and operation. These decisions, in turn, ripple through the design of a ship in ways that are often bard to discern, but clearly impact acquisition and life cycle costs. Recent studies of DDG 51 operating speed profiles demonstrate that the Navy regularly operates with speed profiles considerably different than used to design the ship. In general, warships operate in standard engine order telegraph increments (e.g., Ahead 2/3) and at lower speeds than designed for.

关键词： Ships

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The effect of solution treatments, cooling rates, and natural aging times on the mechanical properties of 6061-T4 aluminum

The effect of solution treatments, cooling rates, and natura...

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59th Meeting of the Society for Machinery Failure Prevention Technology: Essential Technologies for Successful Prognostics

作者： Cullip-Brennan, P. Ordonez-Chu, A. Villalobos, E. Lee, E. McLennan, J. Clark, R. Ogren, J. Es-Said, O.S. National Science Foundation Research Experience for Undergraduate Program Mechanical Engineering Department Loyola Marymount University Los Angeles CA 90045 United States NAVAIR Code 4342 MS Building 2188 Patuxent River MD 20670-1908 United States Boeing Satellite Systems Inc. 2260 E. Imperial Hwy. EI Segundo CA 90245 United States

The influence of varying the thermal processing parameters on the physical and mechanical properties of 6061-T4 aluminum alloy was studied. The variables altered were solution treatment temperatures, quenching media and natural aging durations. The influence of varying these parameters on the tensile strength, electrical resistivity and hardness of the alloy is discussed and correlated.

关键词： Hardness

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Achieving dimensional stability using functional fillers

Achieving dimensional stability using functional fillers

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46th AIAA/ASME/ASCE/AHS/ASC Structures, Structural Dynamics and Materials Conference

作者： Weyer, Wayne C. Cross, William M. Henderson, B. Kellar, Jon J. Kjerengtroen, Lidvin Welsh, Jeffry Starkovich, John South Dakota School of Mines and Technology Rapid City SD 57701 United States Air Force Research Laboratory Space Vehicles Directorate Kirtland AFB NM 87117 United States Northrop-Grumman Space Technologies Redondo Beach CA 90278 United States Department of Mechanical Engineering 501 E. St. Joseph St. United States Materials Engineering and Science Program 501 E. St. Joseph St. United States Department of Materials and Metallurgical Engineering 501 E. St. Joseph St. United States Integrated Structural Systems Bldg. 472 3550 Aberdeen Ave SE United States NGST Structures and Mechanisms Product Center Mail Stop R4-2112 One Space Park

Several materials exhibiting negative coefficients of thermal expansion have recently been identified. Such materials incorporated as filler in a polymer matrix should result in a composite with reduced, if not zero, expansion when exposed to elevated temperatures. One such filler material, ZrW 2O8, has a highly negative coefficient of thermal expansion and its cubic structure leads to isotropic thermal behavior. Consequently, Zr2WO8 was investigated as functional filler for polymer matrices, with the goal being improved dimensional stability of the filled system. The choice of polymeric matrix material is also crucial when seeking dimensional stability, and fabrication of a useful end product. In this regard, several aerospace grade epoxies along with a novel cyanate ester resin were investigated. The dynamic mechanical properties along with thermal behavior of the filled systems were compared. A cyanate ester/ZrW2O 8 system exhibited the lowest coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE), and consequently was investigated in most detail. Cylindrical samples of the cyanate ester/ZrW2O8 system were molded and cured per schedule. The ZrW2O8 particles were allowed to settle at their natural rate. Thus, the final samples contained various weight percentages and sizes of ZrW2O8. The sectioned samples allowed investigation of filler percent and how it impacts overall CTE. Decreases in CTE of ∼80% are reported for samples containing ∼82 wt% ZrW 2O8. The lowest value observed for composite CTE was 2.8 ppm/K at 32 °C for a sample having 83% zirconium tungstate, which had been subject to one temperature cycle. Copyright © 2005 by the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Inc. All rights reserved.

关键词： Fillers

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