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Quantitative Measurement of Nano‐/Microparticle Endocytosis by Cell Mass Spectrometry†

Angewandte Chemie 2010年第20期122卷

作者： Huan‐Chang Lin Hsin‐Hung Lin Cai‐Yu Kao Alice L. Yu Wen‐Ping Peng Chung‐Hsuan Chen Genomics Research Center Academia Sinica Taipei Taiwan (Republic of China) Fax: (+886) 2‐2789‐9931 Department of Bio‐Industrial Mechatronics Engineering National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan (Republic of China) Taiwan International Graduate Program Academia Sinica Taipei Taiwan (Republic of China) Department of Physics National Dong Hwa University Shoufeng Hualien Taiwan (Republic of China) Fax: (+886) 3‐863‐3690

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Micromachined ultrasonic transducer using piezoelectric PVDF film to measure the mechanical properties of bio cells

Micromachined ultrasonic transducer using piezoelectric PVDF...

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IEEE SENSORS

作者： Minhyun Jung Man Geun Kim Jong-Hyun Lee School of Information and Mechatronics Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology Gwangju South Korea Graduate-program of Medical System Engineering Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology Gwangju South Korea

We proposed a new method to measure the frequency-dependent attenuation of bio cells using piezoelectric ultrasonic transducer. The polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) polymer was employed as piezoelectric material to take an advantage of its low acoustic impedance (2.7 Mrayl) so that the transmission of acoustic power will be improved by impedance matching with that of liquid medium. The thickness of PVDF film is 110 ¿m and the resonance frequency of the 1 st thickness mode is 8.7 MHz. In order to characterize the fabricated ultrasonic transducer, a transducer and an acoustic wave reflector were positioned face to face. The output voltage for reflected transmitted ultrasonic wave was measured with impulse method and was transformed into the Round Trip Insertion Loss (RTIL) where the dominant frequency ranges from 5 MHz to 9 MHz.

关键词： Ultrasonic transducers Piezoelectric films Mechanical variables measurement Ultrasonic variables measurement Mechanical factors Acoustic measurements Frequency measurement Attenuation measurement Polymers Piezoelectric materials

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Thumb-tip force estimation from sEMG and a musculoskeletal model for real-time finger prosthesis

Thumb-tip force estimation from sEMG and a musculoskeletal m...

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IEEE International Conference on Rehabilitation Robotics (ICORR)

作者： Won-Il Park Sun-Cheol Kwon Hae-Dong Lee Jung Kim KAIST Robotics program Daejeon South Korea Department of Mechanical Engineering KAIST Daejeon South Korea BK21 Mechatronics Group Chungnam National University Daejeon South Korea

Due to the difficulties in measurement of muscle activities and the complex musculoskeletal structure, estimations of the thumb-tip force in real time have been a challenge for controlling artificial prosthesis naturally. This study describes an isometric thumb-tip force estimation technique based on phenomenological muscle model named Hill's model. The surface electromyogram(sEMG) signals of the muscles near surface were measured and converted to muscle activation information. The activations of deep muscles were inferred from the ratios of muscle activations from earlier study. The muscle length of each contributed muscle was obtained by using motion capture system and musculoskeletal modeling software packages. Once muscle forces were calculated, thumb-tip force was estimated based on mapping model from the muscle force to thumb-tip force. The proposed method was evaluated in comparisons with an artificial neural network (ANN) under four different thumb configurations to investigate the potential for estimations under conditions in which the thumb configuration changes. The results seem to be promising and the proposed method could be applied to predict finger-tip forces from non-invasive neurosignals with a real-time prosthesis control system.

关键词： Musculoskeletal system Fingers Prosthetics Muscles Force measurement Force control Artificial neural networks Thumb Software packages Real time systems

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Syllabus enhancement for electromagnetic course in biomedical electronics engineering at Universiti Malaysia Perlis

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作者： Jahidin, Aisyah Hartini Mohd Nasir, N.F. Megat Ali, M.S.A. Mohd Salleh, A.F. Mustafa, N. Saidatul, A. Zakaria, Z. Biomedical Electronics Engineering Program School of Mechatronics Universiti Malaysia Perlis Jalan Kangar-Arau Jejawi Perlis Malaysia

ISBN: (纸本)9783540691389

Biomedical engineering has evolved over the years until now virtually all engineering disciplines are engaged in "the application of engineering principles to problems of the life sciences". Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP) is one of the public higher learning institutions in Malaysia that offer Biomedical Electronics engineering at the undergraduate level. One of the core subjects in this program is Biomedical Electromagnetic Theory. This is because electromagnetic implications are of fundamental importance in almost all segments of electrical and electronic engineering. Besides that, electricity and magnetism also affect practically all aspects of our lives. Due to this, this paper proposes the recent syllabus of electromagnetic which is designed specifically for Biomedical Electronic engineering program in UniMAP, which some of the content consists of interaction of living systems with electromagnetic fields. © 2008 Springer-Verlag.

关键词： Biomedical engineering

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Optimal dimensional synthesis of force feedback lower arm exoskeletons

Optimal dimensional synthesis of force feedback lower arm ex...

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IEEE/RAS-EMBS International Conference on Biomedical Robotics and Biomechatronics (BioRob)

作者： Ramazan Unal Volkan Patoglu Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences Mechatronics Program Sabanci University Istanbul Turkey

This paper presents multi-criteria design optimization of parallel mechanism based force feedback exoskeletons for human forearm and wrist. The optimized devices are aimed to be employed as a high fidelity haptic interfaces. Multiple design objectives are discussed and classified for the devices and the optimization problem to study the trade-offs between these criteria is formulated. Dimensional syntheses are performed for optimal global kinematic and dynamic performance, utilizing a Pareto front based framework, for two spherical parallel mechanisms that satisfy the ergonomic necessities of a human forearm and wrist. Two optimized mechanisms are compared and discussed in the light of multiple design criteria. Finally, kinematic structure and dimensions of an optimal exoskeleton are decided.

关键词： Force feedback Exoskeletons Design optimization Haptic interfaces Humans Kinematics Wrist Force sensors Parallel robots Ergonomics

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Active magnetic bearing controls strategy and calibrations

Active magnetic bearing controls strategy and calibrations

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ASPE Spring Topical Meeting on Precision Mechanical Design and mechatronics for Sub-50nm Semiconductor Equipment, ASPE 2008

作者： Norg, Meindert L. Tousain, Rob Van Eijk, Jan Philips Applied Technologies Mechatronics Program High Tech. Campus 7 Eindhoven Netherlands Norg Consulting Applied Controls Engineering Canonsburg PA United States MICE BV Eindhoven Netherlands

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Physical Effects of Mechanical Processes on Bi-2223 Tapes

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Journal of Electronic Science and Technology of China 2008年第2期6卷 185-190页

作者： Wu-Ming Chen Jian-Xun Jin Mustafa Yavuz Center of Applied Superconductivity and Electrical Engineering School of Automation Engineering University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu 610054 China and Mechatronics Program Mechanical Engineering Department University of Waterloo Waterloo ON N2L 3G1 Canada Center of Applied Superconductivity and Electrical Engineering School of Automation Engineering University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu 610054 China Mechatronics Program Mechanical Engineering Department University of Waterloo Waterloo ON N2L 3G1 Canada

The effects of intermediate mechanical deformation （IMD） and bending processing on Bi-2223 tapes were studied. Bi-2223 tapes were manufactured by powder-in-tube process with an IMD. Normal rolling （NR）, pressing （P） and sandwich rolling （SR） with different reduction rate were used in the IMD. And there were an optimum reduction rate existing for the three MID techniques, at which critical current reached maximum. Critical current densities Jc of Bi-2223 crystals were measured with an applied magnetic field B respectively parallel to ab face and c axis. Relations of Jc dependences of reduction rate and superconducting materials density D were respectively studied and showed a Gaussian distribution law. Maximum pinning force density Fmax and irreversible magnetic field Birr were introduced to describe the effects of mechanical processing. Analysis of experimental results showed that Jcs Fmax and Birr were linear dependence on D. Obviously, increasing D was a vital way to enhance Jc Bending experiments were performed for SR tapes sheathed by Ag and Ag/Sb and Ag/Mg alloy, respectively. Silver alloy sheathed tapes showed better bending properties than pure silver sheathed one. Therefore, silver alloy sheathed, optimum reduction rate of IMD, and increasing D for Bi-2223 tapes＇ applications were important technical strategies to enhance their mechanical, electrical, and magnetic properties.

关键词： Bending Bi-2223 tape critical current,deformation density.

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A comparison of fuzzy methods for modeling

A comparison of fuzzy methods for modeling

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Annual Conference of Industrial Electronics Society

作者： Ayse Cisel Aras Okyay Kaynak Ildar Batyrshin Mechatronics Laboratory Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Bogazici University Istanbul Turkey Research Program of Applied Mathematics and Computations Mexican Petroleum Institute USA

The paper has the goal of comparing the performance of four different approaches to fuzzy modeling, using parameterized conjunctions, a novel concept named constrained fuzzy sets (CFSs), CFSs with parameterized conjunctions, and unnormalized interval type-2 Takagi Sugeno Kang (IT2 TSK). The theoretical and mathematical backgrounds of the four approaches are briefly described and their performances are compared in approximating a nonlinear function.

关键词： Fuzzy logic Fuzzy sets Mathematical model mechatronics Laboratories Uncertainty Humans Mathematics Petroleum Working environment noise

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Design and implementation of a human stress detection system: A biomechanics approach

Design and implementation of a human stress detection system...

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International Symposium on mechatronics and Its Applications, ISMA

作者： Mohammad S. Sharawi Murad Shibli Mohammad I. Sharawi Computer Engineering Department Philadelphia University Amman Jordan Mechanical Engineering Department and Mechatronics Graduate Program American University Sharjah UAE Electronics Engineering Department Princess Sumaya University for Technology Amman Jordan

This paper presents the design and mechatronics implementation of a human stress detection system (HSDS) using a biomechanics approach. A simple, compact and easy to use system is developed and built on a 2-layer PCB. It consists of two transducers, an LCD display and a micro-controller chip along with their respective interfacing circuits. After characterizing the two transducers, an algorithm was developed based on the measurements to classify the human stress condition. A simple classification rule that was adopted revealed that the system can detect 78% of the stressed examinees. The overall system success rate in identifying one of three states (relaxed, half stressed and stressed) was 60%. One major application for HSDS could be in the automotive industry were the driver condition is constantly monitored, and if a stress state is detected, the driver can be notified to stop the car and relax.

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Estimation of isometric joint torque from muscle activation and length in intrinsic hand muscle

Estimation of isometric joint torque from muscle activation ...

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International Conference on Control, Automation and Systems ( ICCAS)

作者： Won-Il Park Hae-Dong Lee Jung Kim Robotics program KAIST Daejeon South Korea BK21 Mechatronics Group Chungnam National University Daejeon South Korea Department of Mechanical Engineering KAIST Daejeon South Korea

Due to the complicated relationship between a muscle activation level and isometric joint torques, predicting torques under isometric conditions have been an obstacle to neuromuscular control of robots in the field of human robot interaction (HRI). This study describes the isometric torque estimation of the metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joint of a human hand based on the Hill muscle model. Surface electromyography (sEMG) for muscle activation and ultrasound imaging technique for muscle length changes of the first dorsal interosseous (FDI) muscle were employed under isometric condition. The result showed that the prediction is more dependent on sEMG than length change and has a high correlation value (r = 0.9604) with the measured torque. This result indicates the possibility of a torque prediction method based on the Hill muscle model for natural human robot interaction.

关键词： Muscles Human robot interaction Ultrasonic imaging Neuromuscular Torque control Robot control Electromyography Fault detection Length measurement Torque measurement

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