This paper proposes an accurate kinesthetic haptic display method for a multi-DOF haptic interface. Position-position (p-p) architecture plays an important role in a haptic interface like four channel architecture sin...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0780389123
This paper proposes an accurate kinesthetic haptic display method for a multi-DOF haptic interface. Position-position (p-p) architecture plays an important role in a haptic interface like four channel architecture since force reflection using only force sensor information induces a serious problem if a slave manipulator is constrained by unexpected obstacles the force sensor cannot detect. However, the conventional p-p architecture in literature has limitations to apply to a multi-DOF haptic interface. This paper indicates the limitation through an example and proposes a novel haptic display method using instantaneous restriction space (IRS). IRS can be calculated using Jacobian and joint angle error of a slave manipulator. Since the proposed method has the form of impedance two port architecture in the sense of data flow, it can be easily combined with the previous results of two-port haptic display framework in literature. The method is compared to the conventional p-p architecture through experiments.
In this paper the design and kinematic performances are presented for a low-cost parallel manipulator with 4 driven cables. It has been conceived for an easy programming of its operation by properly formulating the Ki...
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In this paper the design and kinematic performances are presented for a low-cost parallel manipulator with 4 driven cables. It has been conceived for an easy programming of its operation by properly formulating the Kinematics of the parallel architecture that uses cables. A prototype has been built and tests have experienced the feasibility of the system design and its operation.
End of Life Management (EOL) is currently a hot topic in the electronics industry. Currently mostly IT equipment and goods of consumer electronics are considered. in the nearest future automation equipment have also t...
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Periodic Lyapunov, Sylvester and Riccati differential equations have many important applications in the analysis and design of linear periodic control systems. For the numerical solution of these equations efficient n...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0780395670
Periodic Lyapunov, Sylvester and Riccati differential equations have many important applications in the analysis and design of linear periodic control systems. For the numerical solution of these equations efficient numerically reliable algorithms based on the periodic Schur decomposition are proposed. The new multi-shot type algorithms compute periodic solutions in an arbitrary number of time moments within one period by employing suitable discretizations of the continuous-time problems. In contrast to traditionally used one-shot periodic generator methods, the multi-shot type methods have the advantage to be able to address problems with large periods and/or unstable dynamics. Applications of the proposed techniques to compute several system norms are presented.
Biomechanical model of soft tissue derived from experimental measurements is critical to develop a reality-based model for minimally invasive surgical training and simulation. We have focused on developing a biomechan...
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Biomechanical model of soft tissue derived from experimental measurements is critical to develop a reality-based model for minimally invasive surgical training and simulation. We have focused on developing a biomechanical model of the liver with the ultimate goal of using this model for local tool-tissue interaction tasks and providing feedback to the surgeon through a haptic (sense of touch) display. It is of interest to develop a model of the soft tissue through probing experiments. An experimental apparatus was developed to perform both large probe compression test and the tissue probing test. The specimens were compressed to attain 30% nominal strain using a range of probing speeds (0.1016 mm/sec, 5.08 mm/sec, 12.70 mm/sec and 25.40 mm/sec). The compressive force-displacement curves were monotonic but highly nonlinear. Models consistent with experimental data were developed to characterize the deformation resistance of the soft tissue. Removing the assumption of incompressibility, an inverse-problem model can computationally determine the LEEM with axisymmetric finite element analysis. The sensitivity of LEEM on the tissue's compressibility (Poisson's ratio) was presented. Additionally, the variation of LEEM of pig liver with the probing speed was revealed. These results can be used to model soft-tissue deformation under varying probing speed by a surgical tool
in systems with switching actuators persistent motions of different nature may occur, such as limit cycles, quasi-periodic and chaotic motions. in this contribution the nature of persistent motions in an attitude cont...
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Sonar sensor is an attractive tool for the SLAM of mobile robot because of their economic aspects. This cheap sensor gives relatively accurate range readings if disregarding angular uncertainty and specular reflection...
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Sonar sensor is an attractive tool for the SLAM of mobile robot because of their economic aspects. This cheap sensor gives relatively accurate range readings if disregarding angular uncertainty and specular reflections. However, these defects make feature detection difficult for the most part of the SLAM. This paper proposes a robust sonar feature detection algorithm. This algorithm gives feature detection methods for both point features and line features. The point feature detection method is based on the TBF (Wijk and Christensen, 2000) scheme. Moreover, three additional processes improve the performance of feature detection as follows; 1) stable intersections; 2) efficient sliding window update; and 3) removal of the false point features on the wall. The line feature detection method is based on the basic property of adjacent sonar sensors. Along the line feature, three adjacent sonar sensors give similar range readings. Using this sensor property, we propose a novel algorithm for line feature detection, which is simple and the feature can be obtained by using only current sensor data. The proposed feature detection algorithm gives a good solution for the SLAM of mobile robots because it gives an accurate feature information for both the point and line features even with sensor errors. Furthermore, a sufficient number of features are available to correct mobile robot pose. Experimental results of the EKF-based SLAM demonstrate the performance of the proposed feature detection algorithm in a home-like environment.
Performing a fine manipulation task on a moving surface through a teleoperated robotic system presents significant challenges to the human operator. Addressing these challenges is particularly important in robotic sur...
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Performing a fine manipulation task on a moving surface through a teleoperated robotic system presents significant challenges to the human operator. Addressing these challenges is particularly important in robotic surgical systems, where motion of the patient can result in surgical errors that degrade the quality of the surgery. The use of motion compensation by a robot manipulator to cancel the motion of the patient would represent a significant improvement over existing techniques. The purpose of this research is to evaluate the role of force-feedback in a motion-canceling teleoperation system. We have developed an experimental system in which the roles of motion-cancellation and teleoperation have been decoupled between separate robot manipulators. Our results lead us to the conclusion that force-feedback minimizes contact forces in motion-canceling teleoperation due to: 1) minimization of the collision forces due to the initial contact with the target surface, and 2) minimizing forces due to accidental contact generated by tracking errors by taking advantage of the naturally modulated impedance of the human hand during such tasks.
This paper presents a surface Electromyography (EMG) motion pattern classifier which combines Levenberg-Marquardt (LM) based neural network with parametric Autoregressive (AR) model. This motion pattern classifier can...
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This paper presents a surface Electromyography (EMG) motion pattern classifier which combines Levenberg-Marquardt (LM) based neural network with parametric Autoregressive (AR) model. This motion pattern classifier can successfully identify three types of motion of thumb, index finger and middle finger, by measuring the surface EMG through two electrodes mounted on the flexor digitorum profundus and flexor pollicis longus. Furthermore, via continuously controlling single finger’s motion, the five-fingered underactuated prosthetic hand can achieve more prehensile postures such as power grasp, centralized grip, fingertip grasp, cylindrical grasp, etc. The experimental results show that the classifier has a great potential application to the control of bionic man-machine systems because of its fast learning speed, high recognition capability and strong robustness.
Minimally invasive surgery in combination with ultrasound (US) imaging imposes high demands on the sur geon’s hand-eye-coordination capabilities. A possible solution to reduce these requirements is minimally invasive...
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Minimally invasive surgery in combination with ultrasound (US) imaging imposes high demands on the sur geon’s hand-eye-coordination capabilities. A possible solution to reduce these requirements is minimally invasive robotic surgery in which the instrument is guided by visual servoing towards the goal defined by the surgeon in the US image. This approach requires robust tracking of the instrument in the US image sequences which is known to be difficult due to poor image quality. This paper presents computer vision algorithms and results of visual servoing experiments. Adaptive thresholding according to Otsu’s method allows to cope with large intensity variations of the instrument echo. Subsequently applied morphological operations suppress noise and echo artefacts. A fast labelling algorithm based on run length coding allows for realtime labelling of the regions. A heuristic exploiting region size and region velocity helps to overcome ambiguities. The overall computation time is less than 10 ms per frame on a standard PC. The tracking algorithm requires no information about texture and shape which are known to be very unreliable in US image sequences. Experimental results for different instrument materials (polyvinyl chloride, polyurethane, nylon, and plexiglas) are given, illustrating the performance of the proposed approach: when chosing the appropriate material the reconstructed trajectories are smooth and only few outliers occur. As a consequence, the visual servoing loop showed to be robust and stable.
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