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38th International Cosmic Ray Conference, ICRC 2023

作者： Tanaka, K.S. Abe, H. Enomoto, H. Hoashi, R. Kimura, M. Kita, R. Kobayashi, N. Kono, R. Kumagai, K. Maruta, K. Nakagawa, R. Nose, C. Saito, R.J. Sasaki, M. Takanashi, M. Accel Kitchen LLC 6-3 Aramaki Aza-Aoba Aoba-ku Sendai Japan Waseda University Faculty of Science and Engineering 3-4-1 Okubo Shinjuku-ku Tokyo Japan Tohoku University Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering 6-3 Aramaki Aza-Aoba Aoba-ku Sendai Japan Tokyo Institute of Technology Department of Earth and Planetary Science 2-12-1 Ookayama Meguro-ku Tokyo Japan Tohoku University Department of Physics 6-3 Aramaki Aza-Aoba Aoba-ku Sendai Japan Tokyo Denki University Department of Robotics and Mechatronics 5 Senju Asahi-cho Adachi-ku Tokyo Japan University of Tokyo Natural Sciences I 3-8-1 Komaba Meguro-ku Tokyo Japan Tohoku University Department of Quantum Science and Energy Engineering 6-3 Aramaki Aza-Aoba Aoba-ku Sendai Japan Tohoku University Department of Chemistry 6-3 Aramaki Aza-Aoba Aoba-ku Sendai Japan Tohoku University Department of Earth Sciences 6-3 Aramaki Aza-Aoba Aoba-ku Sendai Japan Tohoku University Planetary Plasma and Atmospheric Research Center 6-3 Aramaki Aza-Aoba Aoba-ku Sendai Japan Tohoku University Department of Health Sciences 2-1 Seiryo-machi Aoba-ku Miyagi Sendai Japan 1-5-1 Chofugaoka Chofu Tokyo Japan

Accel Kitchen LLC offers online support to over 150 high school and junior high school students in their personal radiation research. Many of these students have fabricated original detectors, such as a depth of interaction (DOI) detector comprising multiple scintillator layers for particle identification and positional sensitivity measurement, a Cherenkov detector made from an acrylic block and Silicon photomultiplier, and a time-of-flight detector capable of sub-nanosecond resolution using a Red Pitaya ADC board. Thus, students not only conduct their measurements with given detectors but also assemble and modify them for their own research purposes. © Copyright owned by the author(s) under the terms of the Creative Commons.

关键词： Silicon detectors

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Autonomous fertilizer mixer through the Internet of Things (IoT)

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Materials Today: Proceedings 2023年 81卷 295-301页

作者： Abdul Hadi Ishak Sami Salama Hussen Hajjaj Kisheen Rao Gsangaya Mohamed Thariq Hameed Sultan Mohd Fazly Mail Lee Seng Hua Department of Mechanical Engineering Universiti Tenaga Nasional Jalan IKRAM-UNITEN 43000 Kajang Selangor Darul Ehsan Malaysia Centre for Advanced Mechatronics and Robotics (CaMaRo) Universiti Tenaga Nasional Jalan IKRAM-UNITEN 43000 Kajang Selangor Darul Ehsan Malaysia Institute of Informatics and Computing in Energy (IICE) Universiti Tenaga Nasional Jalan IKRAM-UNITEN 43000 Kajang Selangor Darul Ehsan Malaysia Laboratory of Biocomposite Technology Institute of Tropical Forestry and Forest Products (INTROP) Universiti Putra Malaysia 43400 UPM Serdang Selangor Darul Ehsan Malaysia Department of Aerospace Engineering Faculty of Engineering Universiti Putra Malaysia 43400 UPM Serdang Selangor Darul Ehsan Malaysia Aerospace Malaysia Innovation Centre (944741-A) Prime Minister’s Department MIGHT Partnership Hub Jalan Impact 63000 Cyberjaya Selangor Darul Ehsan Malaysia Farm Mechanization Program Engineering Research Centre Malaysian Agricultural Research and Development Institute (MARDI) 43400 Serdang Selangor Darul Ehsan Malaysia Laboratory of Biopolymer and Derivatives Institute of Tropical Forestry and Forest Products (INTROP) Universiti Putra Malaysia 43400 UPM Serdang Selangor Darul Ehsan Malaysia

Organic fertilizers have been used since the dawn of mankind to improve soil fertility and promote crop growth. However, the process of preparing organic fertilizers for use in agricultural activities is a labour-intensive and time-consuming procedure. Thus, in order to reduce labour costs and improve the efficiency of organic fertilizer preparation, automated organic fertilizer mixers were developed. For this research work, an improved organic fertilizer mixer based on the Internet of Things (IoT) technology capable of monitoring the status of fertilizer production remotely and providing updates and alerts to workers was developed. The aim of this work was to further reduce labour workload and costs, thus increasing efficiency of the organic fertilizer mixing process. In order to accommodate the IoT monitoring system, several modifications and design changes were carried out on the prototype of an automated organic fertilizer mixer. Tests conducted on the prototype unit showed that it performs as required. The IoT monitoring system successfully captures and uploads information on the weight of agricultural waste mixture in the storage drum to the IoT platform. This information can then be used to alert workers on when to add more agricultural waste material to the mixture or remove the processed organic fertilizer. Furthermore, an overall operational cost comparison of different organic fertilizer production methods showed that the automated organic fertilizer prototype provides operational cost savings of over 5 times when compared to current automated systems. Future work includes further automation to the agricultural waste filling and organic fertilizer removal process.

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Redesigning dispenser component to enhance performance crop-dusting agriculture drones

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Materials Today: Proceedings 2023年 81卷 166-172页

作者： Rajvin Subramaniam Sami Salama Hussen Hajjaj Kisheen Rao Gsangaya Mohamed Thariq Hameed Sultan Mohd Fazly Mail Lee Seng Hua Department of Mechanical Engineering Universiti Tenaga Nasional Jalan IKRAM-UNITEN 43000 Kajang Selangor Darul Ehsan Malaysia Centre for Advanced Mechatronics and Robotics (CaMaRo) Universiti Tenaga Nasional Jalan IKRAM-UNITEN 43000 Kajang Selangor Darul Ehsan Malaysia Institute of Informatics and Computing in Energy (IICE) Universiti Tenaga Nasional Jalan IKRAM-UNITEN 43000 Kajang Selangor Darul Ehsan Malaysia Laboratory of Biocomposite Technology Institute of Tropical Forestry and Forest Products (INTROP) Universiti Putra Malaysia 43400 UPM Serdang Selangor Darul Ehsan Malaysia Department of Aerospace Engineering Faculty of Engineering Universiti Putra Malaysia 43400 UPM Serdang Selangor Darul Ehsan Malaysia Aerospace Malaysia Innovation Centre (944741-A) Prime Minister’s Department MIGHT Partnership Hub Jalan Impact 63000 Cyberjaya Selangor Darul Ehsan Malaysia Farm Mechanization Program Engineering Research Centre Malaysian Agricultural Research and Development Institute (MARDI) 43400 Serdang Selangor Darul Ehsan Malaysia Laboratory of Biopolymer and Derivatives Institute of Tropical Forestry and Forest Products (INTROP) Universiti Putra Malaysia 43400 UPM Serdang Selangor Darul Ehsan Malaysia

Agricultural drones are Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) applied to farming in order to help increase crop production and improve farm efficiency. Crop-dusting drones are able to spray powdered fertilizer, pesticide, or insecticide on crops from the air, resulting in reduced costs and increased efficiency compared to traditional methods. The objective of this research work was to improve and enhance the performance of the crop-dusting process using agricultural drones. This research paper details the development of an improved storage container design and stabilized release mechanism for crop-dusting. To stabilise the release of payload when the drone is moving or swaying in the air, a gimbal mechanism was added to the release mechanism in which weights were used to produce constant downward force which balances the mechanism. Tests conducted on the prototype system showed that it performs as required. The stabilization tests show an improvement in accuracy of granule spread when using the stabilized release mechanism developed in this research work. As such, the wastage of fertilizers and pesticides can be reduced. The prototype system was also found to much more capable at carrying heavier loads for a longer period of time compared to current designs. Thus, using the prototype system developed for this research work, the size of storage container as well as the weight of fertilizer or pesticide granule payloads can be increased.

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Design and development of a robot for spraying fertilizers and pesticides for agriculture

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Materials Today: Proceedings 2023年 81卷 242-248页

作者： Afif Shazwan Abdul Ghafar Sami Salama Hussen Hajjaj Kisheen Rao Gsangaya Mohamed Thariq Hameed Sultan Mohd Fazly Mail Lee Seng Hua Department of Mechanical Engineering Universiti Tenaga Nasional Jalan IKRAM-UNITEN 43000 Kajang Selangor Darul Ehsan Malaysia Centre for Advanced Mechatronics and Robotics (CaMaRo) Universiti Tenaga Nasional Jalan IKRAM-UNITEN 43000 Kajang Selangor Darul Ehsan Malaysia Institute of Informatics and Computing in Energy (IICE) Universiti Tenaga Nasional Jalan IKRAM-UNITEN 43000 Kajang Selangor Darul Ehsan Malaysia Laboratory of Biocomposite Technology Institute of Tropical Forestry and Forest Products (INTROP) Universiti Putra Malaysia 43400 UPM Serdang Selangor Darul Ehsan Malaysia Department of Aerospace Engineering Faculty of Engineering Universiti Putra Malaysia 43400 UPM Serdang Selangor Darul Ehsan Malaysia Aerospace Malaysia Innovation Centre (944741-A) Prime Minister’s Department MIGHT Partnership Hub Jalan Impact 63000 Cyberjaya Selangor Darul Ehsan Malaysia Farm Mechanization Program Engineering Research Centre Malaysian Agricultural Research and Development Institute (MARDI) 43400 Serdang Selangor Darul Ehsan Malaysia Laboratory of Biopolymer and Derivatives Institute of Tropical Forestry and Forest Products (INTROP) Universiti Putra Malaysia 43400 UPM Serdang Selangor Darul Ehsan Malaysia

The agriculture industry is one that is highly resource- and labour-intensive. As such, farmers are increasingly turning to technology and automation to address this issue. However, agricultural robots are far too complicated, slow, and costly to be made publicly available. As a result, the agriculture sector still lags behind in integrating modern technologies. This research paper details the development of a low-cost agricultural robot for spraying fertilizers and pesticides in agriculture fields as well as for general crop monitoring. The prototype system is a two-wheeled robot that consists of a mobile base, a spraying mechanism, a wireless controller for controlling the robot movement, and a camera for crop health and growth monitoring as well as detecting the presence of pests in the agriculture field. Tests conducted on the prototype system show that while the productivity of the robot in terms of crop coverage is slightly lower than a human worker, the labour cost savings afforded by the agricultural robot prototype is much greater as it functions completely in an autonomous mode and only requires the operator to control the robot when placing it at the start of the crop path. Furthermore, the prototype system also provides greater resource savings and reduction in the contamination of underground water sources due to leeching process, thus achieving precision agriculture goals. Lastly, the excellent battery life of the prototype system ensures that there will be no increase in the operation times and reduction in the efficiency of the fertilizer and pesticide spraying process due to the recharging times when replacing human workers. Future recommendations include making the agricultural robot fully autonomous, using either a rail- or line-following system, to further reduce the labour requirements and costs.

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Design and fabrication of an agricultural robot for crop seeding

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Materials Today: Proceedings 2023年 81卷 283-289页

作者： Hussain Nor Azmi Sami Salama Hussen Hajjaj Kisheen Rao Gsangaya Mohamed Thariq Hameed Sultan Mohd Fazly Mail Lee Seng Hua Department of Mechanical Engineering Universiti Tenaga Nasional Jalan IKRAM-UNITEN Kajang Selangor Darul Ehsan 43000 Malaysia Centre for Advanced Mechatronics and Robotics (CaMaRo) Universiti Tenaga Nasional Jalan IKRAM-UNITEN Kajang Selangor Darul Ehsan 43000 Malaysia Institute of Informatics and Computing in Energy (IICE) Universiti Tenaga Nasional Jalan IKRAM-UNITEN Kajang Selangor Darul Ehsan 43000 Malaysia Laboratory of Biocomposite Technology Institute of Trop‘ical Forestry and Forest Products (INTROP) Universiti Putra Malaysia UPM Serdang Selangor Darul Ehsan 43400 Malaysia Department of Aerospace Engineering Faculty of Engineering Universiti Putra Malaysia UPM Serdang Selangor Darul Ehsan 43400 Malaysia Aerospace Malaysia Innovation Centre (944741-A) Prime Minister’s Department MIGHT Partnership Hub Jalan Impact Cyberjaya Selangor Darul Ehsan 63000 Malaysia Farm Mechanization Program Engineering Research Centre Malaysian Agricultural Research and Development Institute (MARDI) Serdang Selangor Darul Ehsan 43400 Malaysia Laboratory of Biopolymer and Derivatives Institute of Tropical Forestry and Forest Products (INTROP) Universiti Putra Malaysia Serdang Selangor Darul Ehsan 43400 Malaysia

Crop seeding is a time-consuming and tedious activity for farmers and is only exacerbated in large agriculture fields. Manually sowing seeds by hand is a highly inefficient process that requires a lot of human effort and can lead to health concerns for farmers, while spreading seedlings using tractors results in a high wastage of seedlings. This research paper describes the development of a low-cost agricultural robot for crop seeding. The prototype system consists of two parts, namely a mobile base for robot movement and a seeding mechanism attached to the mobile base for crop seeding application. The mobile base has a four-wheel design to ease movement on uneven terrains, while the seeding mechanism uses the concept of a crank-slider to continuously inject seedlings into the ground. Crop seeding tests show that the robot is able to sow 138 seedlings in 5 min, with an accuracy of 92%, compared to 102 seedlings by human workers. This demonstrates an increase in the crop seeding efficiency of over 35%. As for the battery life test, it was determined that the robot can function for up to 4 h on a single charge. Thus, there will not be an increase in the operation time and reduction in the efficiency of the crop seeding process due to the recharging times when human workers are replaced with the prototype system. The recharging duration for the robot power supply is 1.5 h. While the prototype system has successfully achieved its objective of reducing human interference, labour requirement, and the overall operating costs in the field of agriculture for crop seeding process, by making the robot fully autonomous, using either a rail- or line-following system, labour costs can be further reduced as an operator is not required to manually steer the robot to each seeding path.

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Correction to: Comparison of Flow Estimators for Rotary Blood Pumps: An In Vitro and In Vivo Study

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Annals of biomedical engineering 2019年第8期47卷 1827页

作者： Anastasios Petrou Daniel Kuster Jongseok Lee Mirko Meboldt Marianne Schmid Daners Product Development Group Zurich Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering ETH Zurich 8092 Zurich Switzerland. German Aerospace Center (DLR) Institute of Robotics and Mechatronics 82234 Wessling Germany. Product Development Group Zurich Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering ETH Zurich 8092 Zurich Switzerland. marischm@ethz.ch.

This erratum is to correct the third row of Table 2, where parameter h is missing in the original article.

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Fire-resistant behaviour of some cellular materials treated with intumescent solutions

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IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and engineering 2018年第3期444卷

作者： O Mocăniţa D L Chicet C Munteanu B Istrate B Oprişan Mechanical Engineering Mechatronics and Robotics Department 'Gheorghe Asachi' Technical University of Iasi Iasi Romania Materials Science and Engineering Materials Science Department 'Gheorghe Asachi' Technical University of Iasi Iasi Romania 'Gr.T. Popa Medicine' University of Iasi Faculty of General Medicine University street nr. 16 Iasi Romania

Cellular materials are a very wide range of materials characterized by a hollow structure. These materials exhibit various thermo-mechanical properties, which recommend them for the creation of ultra-light structures, both singular and as part of complex systems. In this paper we have studied the possibility of providing fire resistance properties of some cellular materials, using them together with intumescent solutions. A good response of these systems to the direct flame exposure tests conducted under laboratory conditions has been observed, which recommends them for further investigations.

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Improving energy detection performance using segment of primary user signal energy in wide-band cognitive radio systems

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2023年第1期2579卷

作者： Khaled BaAli Mohammed Abo-Zahhad Mohammed Farrag Sabah Ahmed Phaklen Ehkan Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Hadhramout University Mukalla Yemen Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Egypt-Japan University of Science and Technology Alexandria Egypt Faculty of Engineering King Khalid University Asir – Abha Saudi Arabia Department of Mechatronics and Robotics Engineering Egypt-Japan University of Science and Technology Alexandria Egypt Advanced Computing CoE Faculty of Electronic Engineering Technology Universiti Malaysia Perlis Pauh Putra Campus Arau Perlis Malaysia

Energy detection based cognitive radio has gained remarkable attention. This is because of its simple implementation and it does not involve any prior knowledge of the detecting signal. Although, it is prone to noise uncertainty. Recently, the use of compressed measurements improved the performance of energy detection. In this paper, we investigate the effect of using a segment of primary user signal energy ƞE on detection performance regarding compression ratios. The simulation results show the detector performance becomes better as ƞE increased. However, increasing ƞE should be bounded, so it does not involve sacrificing the use of the compressed measurement system as a suggestion to improve energy detection performance.

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Solar Sails for Planetary Defense High-Energy Missions

Solar Sails for Planetary Defense High-Energy Missions

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2019 IEEE Aerospace Conference, AERO 2019

作者： Grundmann, Jan Thimo Bauer, Waldemar Borchers, Kai Dumont, Etienne Grimm, Christian D. Ho, Tra-Mi Jahnke, Rico Koch, Aaron D. Lange, Caroline Maiwald, Volker Mess, Jan-Gerd Mikulz, Eugen Quantius, Dominik Reershemius, Siebo Renger, Thomas Sasaki, Kaname Seefeldt, Patric Spietz, Peter Sprowitz, Tom Sznajder, MacIej Tóth, Norbert Ceriotti, Matteo McInnes, Colin Peloni, Alessandro Dachwald, Bernd Lichtenheldt, Roy Wolff, Friederike Boden, Ralf Riemann, Johannes Seboldt, Wolfgang Wejmo, Elisabet Ziach, Christian Cordero, Federico Biele, Jens Krause, Christian Herčik, David Koncz, Alexander Pelivan, Ivanka Schmitz, Nicole Mikschl, Tobias Montenegro, Sergio Ruffer, Michael Tardivel, Simon DLR German Aerospace Center Institute of Space Systems Robert-Hooke-Strasse 7 Bremen28359 Germany University of Glasgow GlasgowG12 8QQ United Kingdom Faculty of Aerospace Engineering FH Aachen Univ. of Applied Sciences Hohenstaufenallee 6 Aachen52064 Germany DLR German Aerospace Center Robotics and Mechatronics Center Institute of System Dynamics and Control Münchener Str. 20 Oberpfaffenhofen Weßling82234 Germany DLR Institute of Space Systems Germany Telespazio-VEGA Darmstadt Germany DLR German Aerospace Center Space Operations and Astronaut Training - MUSC Cologne51147 Germany Institute for Geophysics and Extraterrestrial Physics Technical University Braunschweig Braunschweig Germany DLR German Aerospace Center Institute of Planetary Research Rutherfordstr. 2 Berlin12489 Germany Informatik 8 Universität Würzburg Am Hubland Würzburg97074 Germany CNES Future Missions Flight Dynamics 18 avenue E. Belin Toulouse Cedex 931401 France

ISBN: (纸本)9781538668542

20 years after the successful ground deployment test of a (20 m)2 solar sail at DLR Cologne, and in the light of the upcoming U.S. NEAscout mission, we provide an overview of the progress made since in our mission and hardware design studies as well as the hardware built in the course of our solar sail technology development. We outline the most likely and most efficient routes to develop solar sails for useful missions in science and applications, based on our developed 'now-term' and near-term hardware as well as the many practical and managerial lessons learned from the DLR-ESTEC Gossamer Roadmap. Mission types directly applicable to planetary defense include single and Multiple NEA Rendezvous ((M)NR) for precursor, monitoring and follow-up scenarios as well as sail-propelled head-on retrograde kinetic impactors (RKI) for mitigation. Other mission types such as the Displaced L1 (DL1) space weather advance warning and monitoring or Solar Polar Orbiter (SPO) types demonstrate the capability of near-term solar sails to achieve asteroid rendezvous in any kind of orbit, from Earth-coorbital to extremely inclined and even retrograde orbits. Some of these mission types such as SPO, (M)NR and RKI include separable payloads. For one-way access to the asteroid surface, nanolanders like MASCOT are an ideal match for solar sails in micro-spacecraft format, i.e. in launch configurations compatible with ESPA and ASAP secondary payload platforms. Larger landers similar to the JAXA-DLR study of a Jupiter Trojan asteroid lander for the OKEANOS mission can shuttle from the sail to the asteroids visited and enable multiple NEA sample-return missions. The high impact velocities and re-try capability achieved by the RKI mission type on a final orbit identical to the target asteroid's but retrograde to its motion enables small spacecraft size impactors to carry sufficient kinetic energy for deflection. © 2019 IEEE.

关键词： Solar sails

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Scuffing analysis of roller-shoe mechanism after an aggressive test

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IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and engineering 2019年第1期591卷

作者： C R Iordache F C Ciornei C Bujoreanu 'Gheorghe Asachi' Technical University of Iasi-Romania Department of Mechanical Engineering Mechatronics and Robotics Blvd. Prof. Mangeron No. 43 700050 Iasi Romania 'Stefan cel Mare' University of Suceava Mechanical and Technologies Department Str. Universitatii No. 13 Suceava Romania

The roller-shoe assembly is a known and efficient mechanism used for movement transmission in order to obtain mechanical energy. This mechanism is found in high pressure pumps and its role is to change the rotating motion in a translation one. During the running time, some wear types can be identified such as scuffing, corrosion, material removal. Scuffing is the main type of wear appearing in this mechanism. The aim of our paper is to analyse the behaviour of these two components (roller and shoe) over an aggravating test. The main defect is low clearance between components. The roller and shoe assembly is mounted in a diesel fuel pump for test. The test chosen for this experiment is Low Sommerfeld Number. It was stopped after 10% from time set. After visual analysis, it was observed the roller-shoe scuffing. The shoe was analysed and it was observed that the diamond like carbon (DLC) layer is non-conform. In the same pump, the affected components were replaced with new components to be convinced that the wear was caused by low clearance between them correlated to non-conform DLC layer. The test results confirm the reason of scuffing.

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