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EVALUATING TRANSMITTERS FOR QUANTIFYING RESPIRATORY AIRFLOW IN THE BREATHING MECHANISM

Diagnostyka 2024年第1期25卷

作者： Barański, Robert Nitkiewicz, Szymon Zając, Andrzej Kukwa, Andrzej Stano, Lukasz Szwarc, Sebastian Department of Mechanics and Vibroacoustics Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Robotics AGH University of Krakow Poland Department of Mechatronics Faculty of Technical Sciences University of Warmia and Mazury 11 Oczapowskiego St. Olsztyn10-710 Poland Department of Neurosurgery School of Medicine Collegium Medicum University of Warmia and Mazury 30 Warszawska St Olsztyn10-082 Poland Institute of Optoelectronics Military University of Technology 2 Kaliski st Warsaw00-908 Poland Department and Clinic of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Diseases Collegium Medicum University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn Warszawska St. 30 Olsztyn10-082 Poland Weles Acoustics Sp. z o.o. 13 Przemyslowa St. Rybnik44-203 Poland

Techniques for measuring fluid flow have been known since the 19th century. The first solutions based on the use of pressure only allowed relatively slow changes to be observed. It was not until measurement techniques based on the use of electronic components and the phenomenon of thermo-transfer, combined with a method enabling fast signal recording (A/C converters), that it became possible to analyse the flow of a medium (e.g. air) in detail. Although flow sensors based on measuring changes in resistance have been known for many years, new solutions are still being developed. This paper presents the results of a study using three sensors. Their response to laminar airflow was investigated for different velocities (1.2 - 2.6 m/s). The flow forcing was implemented using an axial fan and the signals were measured simultaneously for all the sensors tested. The results showed which sensors had the smallest dispersion of results (PAN and WA sensors) and confirmed that for the investigated velocity variations (0.14 m/s pitch) the results are unambiguously interpretable.. It should be noted that sensor research is related to the need to develop a device to measure flow as accurately as possible, while at the same time ensuring the comfort of the test person during the measurements. Therefore, the search was for a sensor that is small in size and at the same time resistant to damage and operation in a harsh humid environment. © 2023 by the Authors.

关键词： Signal analysis

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Small spacecraft based multiple near-earth asteroid rendezvous and landing with near-term solar sails and 'now-term'technologies 69

Small spacecraft based multiple near-earth asteroid rendezvo...

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69th International Astronautical Congress: #InvolvingEveryone, IAC 2018

作者： Grundmann, Jan Thimo Bauer, Waldemar Biele, Jens Boden, Ralf Ceriotti, Matteo Cordero, Federico Dachwald, Bernd Dumont, Etienne Grimm, Christian D. HerÄìÃk, David Ho, Tra-Mi Jahnke, Rico Koch, Aaron D. Koncz, Alexander Krause, Christian Lange, Caroline Lichtenheldt, Roy Maiwald, Volker Mikschl, Tobias Mikulz, Eugen Montenegro, Sergio Pelivan, Ivanka Peloni, Alessandro Quantius, Dominik Reershemius, Siebo Renger, Thomas Riemann, Johannes Ruffer, Michael Sasaki, Kaname Schmitz, Nicole Seboldt, Wolfgang Seefeldt, Patric Spietz, Peter SprÃ¶witz, Tom Sznajder, Maciej Tardivel, Simon TÃ³th, Norbert Wejmo, Elisabet Wolff, Friederike Ziach, Christian DLR German Aerospace Center Institute of Space Systems Robert-Hooke-Strasse 7 Bremen28359 Germany DLR German Aerospace Center Space Operations and Astronaut Training - MUSC KÃ¶ln51147 Germany Consultant to DLR Institute of Space Systems Germany University of Glasgow GlasgowG12 8QQ United Kingdom Telespazio-VEGA Darmstadt Germany Faculty of Aerospace Engineering FH Aachen University of Applied Sciences Hohenstaufenallee 6 Aachen52064 Germany Institute for Geophysics and Extraterrestrial Physics Technical University Braunschweig Germany DLR German Aerospace Center Institute of Planetary Research Rutherfordstr. 2 Berlin12489 Germany DLR German Aerospace Center Robotics and Mechatronics Center Wessling82234 Germany Informatik 8 UniversitÃ¤t WÃ¼rzburg Am Hubland WÃ¼rzburg97074 Germany Institute of Physics University of Zielona GÃ³ra Szafrana 4a Zielona GÃ³ra65-069 Poland CNES Future Missions Flight Dynamics 18 avenue E. Belin Toulouse Cedex 931401 France

Physical interaction with small solar system bodies (SSSB) is the next step in planetary science, planetary in-situ resource utilization (ISRU), and planetary defense (PD). It requires a broader understanding of the surface properties of the target objects, with particular interest focused on those near Earth. Knowledge of composition, multi-scale surface structure, thermal response, and interior structure is required to design, validate and operate missions addressing these three fields. The current level of understanding is occasionally simplified into the phrase,â€¥If you've seen one asteroid, you've seen one asteroidâ€¥, meaning that the in-situ characterization of SSSBs has yet to cross the threshold towards a robust and stable scheme of classification. This would enable generic features in spacecraft design, particularly for ISRU and science missions. Currently, it is necessary to characterize any potential target object sufficiently by a dedicated precursor mission to design the mission which then interacts with the object in a complex fashion. To open up strategic approaches, much broader in-depth characterization of potential target objects would be highly desirable. In SSSB science missions, MASCOT-like nano-landers and instrument carriers which integrate at the instrument level to their mothership have met interest. By its size, MASCOT is compatible with small interplanetary missions. The DLR-ESTEC GOSSAMER Roadmap Science Working Groups'studies identified target-flexible Multiple Near-Earth asteroid (NEA) Rendezvous (MNR) as one of the space science missions uniquely feasible with solar sail propulsion. The Solar Polar Orbiter (SPO) study showed the ability to access any inclination, the Displaced-L1 (DL1) mission operates close to Earth, where objects of interest to PD and for ISRU reside. Other studies outline the unique capability of solar sails to provide access to all SSSB, at least within the orbit of Jupiter, and significant progress has been made

关键词： Solar sails

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Flights are ten a sail - Re-use and commonality in the design and system engineering of small spacecraft solar sail missions with modular hardware for responsive and adaptive exploration 70

Flights are ten a sail - Re-use and commonality in the desig...

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70th International Astronautical Congress, IAC 2019

作者： Grundmann, Jan Thimo Bauer, Waldemar Boden, Ralf Ceriotti, Matteo Chand, Suditi Cordero, Federico Dachwald, Bernd Dumont, Etienne Grimm, Christian D. Heiligers, Jeannette Hercík, David Hérique, Alain Ho, Tra-Mi Jahnke, Rico Kofman, Wlodek Lange, Caroline Lichtenheldt, Roy McInnes, Colin Meß, Jan-Gerd Mikschl, Tobias Mikulz, Eugen Montenegro, Sergio Moore, Iain Pelivan, Ivanka Peloni, Alessandro Plettemeier, Dirk Quantius, Dominik Reershemius, Siebo Renger, Thomas Riemann, Johannes Rogez, Yves Ruffer, Michael Sasaki, Kaname Schmitz, Nicole Seboldt, Wolfgang Seefeldt, Patric Spietz, Peter Spröwitz, Tom Sznajder, Maciej Tóth, Norbert Vergaaij, Merel Viavattene, Giulia Wejmo, Elisabet Wiedemann, Carsten Wolff, Friederike Ziach, Christian DLR German Aerospace Center Institute of Space Systems Robert-Hooke-Str. 7 Bremen28359 Germany Consultants to DLR Institute of Space Systems University of Glasgow GlasgowG12 8QQ United Kingdom Telespazio-VEGA Darmstadt Germany Faculty of Aerospace Engineering FH Aachen University of Applied Sciences Hohenstaufenallee 6 Aachen52064 Germany Institute for Geophysics and Extraterrestrial Physics Technical University Braunschweig Germany Université Grenoble Alpes CS 40700 Grenoble Cédex 938058 France DLR German Aerospace Center Robotics and Mechatronics Center Weßling82234 Germany Informatik 8 Universität Würzburg Am Hubland Würzburg97074 Germany Fraunhofer Heinrich Hertz Institute Berlin Germany Dresden University of Technology RF Engineering Dresden Germany DLR German Aerospace Center Institute of Planetary Research Rutherfordstr. 2 Berlin12489 Germany DLR German Aerospace Center Institute of System Dynamics and Control Wessling82234 Germany Space Research Centre PAS Warsaw Poland TU Delft Delft Netherlands Institute of Space Systems Technische Universität Braunschweig Hermann-Blenk-Str. 23 Braunschweig38108 Germany

The exploration of small solar system bodies started with fast fly-bys of opportunity on the sidelines of missions to the planets. The tiny new worlds seen turned out to be so intriguing and different from all else (and each other) that dedicated sample-return and in-situ analysis missions were developed and launched. Through these, highly efficient low-thrust propulsion expanded from commercial use into mainstream and flagship science missions, there in combination with gravity assists propulsion. In parallel, the growth of small spacecraft solutions accelerated in numbers as well as individual spacecraft capabilities. The on-going missions OSIRIS-REX (NASA) or HAYABUSA2 (JAXA) with its landers MINERVA-II and MASCOT, and the upcoming NEASCOUT mission are examples of this synergy of trends. The continuation of these and other related devlopments towards a propellant-less and highly efficient class of spacecraft for solar system exploration emerges in the form of small spacecraft solar sails designed for carefree handling and equipped with carried landers and application modules. These address the needs of all asteroid user communities - planetary science, planetary defence, and in-situ resource utilization - as well as other fields of solar system science and applications such as space weather warning and solar observations. Already the DLR-ESTEC GOSSAMER Roadmap for Solar Sailing initiated studies of missions uniquely feasible with solar sails such as Displaced L1 (DL1) space weather advance warning and monitoring and Solar Polar Orbiter (SPO) delivery, which demonstrate the capabilities of near-term solar sails to reach any kind of orbit in the inner solar system. This enables Multiple Near-Earth Asteroid (NEA) rendezvous missions (MNR), from Earth-coorbital to extremely inclined and even retrograde target orbits. For these mission types using separable payloads, design concepts can be derived from the separable Boom Sail Deployment Units characteristic of DLR GOS

关键词： Solar sails

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On designing an automated tool for capacitors removal from waste printed circuits boards

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IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and engineering 2019年第1期591卷

作者： C Stamate I Doroftei D Chirita A Burlacu 'Gheorghe Asachi' Technical University of Iasi Department of Mechanical Engineering Mechatronics and Robotics Blvd. Mangeron No. 43 700050 Iasi Romania 'Gheorghe Asachi' Technical University of Iasi Department of Automatic Control and Applied Informatics Blvd. Mangeron No. 27 700050 Iasi Romania

The mass electronics sector is one of the most important sources of waste, both in terms of volume and materials content with dangerous effects on the environment. Printed Circuit Boards (PCBs) are the most valuable component embedded into Electrical and Electronic Equipment (EEEs). The current amount of electronic systems is impressive while manual dismantling is a very common and non-efficient solution. On average, waste PCB accounts almost from 3% to 5% of the overall weight of waste electrical and electronic equipment. At this time, in Romania, the implemented solutions for waste PCB reduction are in a research phase, with no existing technological procedures that can be replicated. In the context of the TRADE-IT project we aim to design replicable architectures for waste printed boards reduction. Starting from the largest base plate and continuing to the smallest size, Extended ATX, ATX, Micro ATX, Mini ITX are some of the most used boards in a computer. When choosing a base plate from the ATX and/or microATX range, the shape factor must fit on a universal support bracket. The shape factor identifies the size of the circuit board, the location of the slots, and the location of the display board that comes out on the back of the computer. The shape factor also identifies the location of the holes that are used to mount the base plate in the universal clamp holder. Taking into account that capacitors represent approximately 8.6% of the PCB mass, we aim at designing an automated driven tool for their removal. The design is based on a robotic arm for motion manoeuvring, a programmable screwdriver and a custom-made end tool. In the current phase the proposed design was evaluated on controlled individual tests. The initial results highlight the feasibility of the proposed design while uncovering potential challenges for real-time implementation.

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A one-degree-of freedom ankle rehabilitation platform

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IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and engineering 2019年第1期591卷

作者： I Doroftei C M Racu C Honceriu D Irimia 'Gheorghe Asachi' Technical University of Iasi Mechanical Engineering Mechatronics and Robotics Department Iasi Romania 'Alexandru Ioan Cuza' University of Iasi Department of Physical Education and Sports Iasi Romania 'Gheorghe Asachi' Technical University of Iasi Department of Energy Utilisation Electrical Drives and Industrial Automation Iasi Romania

The ankle structure holds one of the most important role in the human biomechanics. Due to complexity of everyday activities this joint is the most prone to be injured part of the lower limb. For a complete recovery of the locomotor function, recovery exercises are mandatory. The existent ankle rehabilitation equipments allow only simple rehabilitation exercises, which cannot be used safely without the aid of a therapist. The introduction of robotic physical recovery systems represents a modern alternative to traditional recovery. Actuated devices are advantageous because they allow many types of exercises on same device, and also they accurate measure forces and angular motions. The purpose of this two paper is to propose a simple rehabilitation device, based on a one-degree-of-freedom mechanisms. Some structural, kinematic and designing aspects of this new ankle rehabilitation device are presented.

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Roads to Regional Conflict Resolution via Academic and National Goals of Co-operation

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IFAC Proceedings Volumes 2000年第8期33卷 119-125页

作者： A.Talha Dinibütün Miomir K. Vukobratovic Nedko Shivarov Kurt Schlacher Georgi M. Dimirovski Faculty of Engineering Dogus University TR-81010 Istanbul- Kadiköy Turkey FAX# +90-216-327-9631 Centarfor Robotics Institute “Mihailo Pupin ” Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts Yugoslav Aacdemy of Engennering YU-ll000 Beograd Volgina 15 Serbia Yugoslavia Centaral Laboratory for Mechatronics andInstrumentation Bulgarian akademija na naukite BG-1113 Sofia UI. Akademik Boncev blok II Bulgaria Institut für Regelungstechnik und elektrische Antriebe Johannes Kepler Univesität A-4040 Linz Aitenberger-strafJe 69 Austria Institut za ASI pri Elektrotehnicki fakuitet Univerzitet“ Sv. Kiril i Metodij ” Karpos 2 B.B. MK-91000 Skopje R. Macedonia. Fax #: +389-91-36-42-62

Experience of the impact of gradually increasing scientific co-operation during most difficult times suggest that academia can do much more for enhancing a paradigm shift towards rethinking new value patterns and revision of national goals, which as a rule have been formulated a century ago. A system analysis of the causes and of the effects is clearly in favour to rethinking to academia a novel role in improving the bilateral mutual relationships via mutually beneficial, multilateral, scientific co-operation. It is an influential way for creating new spiritual forces of fairness and justice among and within long confronted communities, groups, societies, nations. A South-European case of an ever growing and flourishing academic co-operation involving a multinational group of control scientists and engineers in a dramatic period ofmost difficult time suggests this approach is feasible and useful. It remains only to find efficient means how to influence the decision making centres of powers at national level and in the region into a process ofre-examination and re-thinking the existing outdated national goals and society value patterns

关键词： System analysis goal-oriented systems goals foramation conceptual models conceptual mapping co-operation transition crisis.

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Study of acoustic characteristics of the swirling flow generated in ejector

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Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2020年第1期1603卷

作者： V Vekteris A Styra V Mokshin V Turla G Viselga I Tetsman Department of Mechanical and Material Engineering Vilnius Gediminas Technical University J. Basanavičiaus str. 28 03224 Vilnius Lithuania Department of Mechatronics Robotics and Digital Manufacturing Vilnius Gediminas Technical University J. Basanavičiaus str. 28 03224 Vilnius Lithuania

The article deals with changes in the density of pulsating water and air flow generated in pulsating flow ejector. Transformation of the fluid motion equation to Lighthill's equation describing density change and acoustic radiation of the flow is presented. Calculation results demonstrate suitability of the ejector to cause acoustic agglomeration and effectively remove iron particles from potable water.

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Simulation of micro/nano electroporation for cell transfection

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Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2018年第1期986卷

作者： Guocheng Zhang Na Fan Hai Jiang Jian Guo Bei Peng School of Mechatronics Engineering University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu Sichuan Province P. R. China Center for Robotics University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu Sichuan Province P. R. China School of Mechanical Engineering University of South China Hengyang Hunan Province P. R. China

The 3D micro/nano electroporation for transfection has become a powerful biological cell research technique with the development of micro-nano manufacturing technology. The micro channels connected the cells with transfection reagents on the chip were important to the transmemnbrane potentical, which directly influences the electroporation efficiency. In this study, a two-dimensional model for electroporation of cells was designed to address the effects of channels' sizes and number on transmembrane potential. The simulation results indicated that the transmembrane potential increased with increasing size of channels' entrances. Moreover, compared with single channel entrance, the transmembrane potential was higher when the cells located at multiple channels entrances. These results suggest that it IS required to develop higher micro manufacturing technology to create channels as we expected size.

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Dismantling strategy for capacitors placed on printed circuits boards: challenges and preliminary results

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IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and engineering 2020年第1期997卷

作者： S Cazan D Chirita C Stamate D Irimia A Burlacu I Doroftei Department of Mechanical Engineering Mechatronics and Robotics 'Gheorghe Asachi' Technical University of Iasi Iasi Romania Department of Energy Utilisation Electrical Drives and Industrial Automation 'Gheorghe Asachi' Technical University of Iasi Iasi Romania Department of Automation Control and Applied Informatics 'Gheorghe Asachi' Technical University of Iasi Iasi Romania

The present paper describes the challenges and preliminary results obtained during the design and implementation of a disassembly system for capacitors placed on printed circuits boards. This research is included in an attempt to reduce the impact of the electronic waste. The proposed architecture includes a six axis multipurpose industrial robot, dedicated sensors and a custom built tool. An originally designed rotary tool, with a specific type of drill bit, was used to dismantle each capacitor on the board. A sensor triggers the tool for the drill rotation when the perforation is accomplished accordingly, so that the friction force is big enough to initiate the dismantling procedure. Using the rotation movement of the drill, at a calculated number of rotations, the capacitors are successfully dismantled from the printed circuits board. An artificial vision system composed from a stereo camera and an image-processing algorithm, provides data with regard to the position of each capacitor on the printed circuit board. A vacuum cleaner was integrated in the scheme to recover the capacitors after dismantling. The scheme design was perpetually optimized using dedicated simulation software. Also, preliminary results obtained on the physical system underline the potential advantages of the proposed approach.

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Intelligent block copolymer self-assembly towards IoT hardware components

Nature Reviews Electrical Engineering

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Nature Reviews Electrical engineering 2024年第2期1卷 124-138页

作者： Geon Gug Yang Hee Jae Choi Jang Hwan Kim Sang Ouk Kim Sheng Li Kyeongha Kwon Hyeong Min Jin Bong Hoon Kim National Creative Research Initiative Center for Multi-Dimensional Directed Nanoscale Assembly Department of Materials Science and Engineering KAIST Daejeon Republic of Korea Institute for NanoCentry KAIST Daejeon Republic of Korea Materials Creation Seoul Republic of Korea Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering KAIST Daejeon Republic of Korea School of Electrical Engineering KAIST Daejeon Republic of Korea Department of Organic Materials Engineering Chungnam National University Daejeon Republic of Korea Department of Robotics and Mechatronics Engineering DGIST Daegu Republic of Korea

The Internet of Things (IoT) has emerged as the principal element for hyperconnectivity in the era of the fourth industrial revolution, in which low-power and self-sustainable operation, miniaturization and communication are the main requirements for advanced systems. Highly functional nanoscale structures, together with fabrication processes on the sub-100-nm scale, can be useful for the development of versatile miniaturized IoT devices. In this Perspective, we introduce block copolymer (BCP) self-assembly as a tool for the fabrication of high-performance IoT hardware components. Tailored material design of BCPs in terms of chemical diversity and molecular architectures enables the dense integration of physical and chemical functionalities below the tens of nanometres scale. BCPs can be used as nanoscale templates for surface nanopatterning, as soft 3D nanoporous structures or as nanopatterned substrates for spatially selective chemical functionalities. We summarize advances in technological areas relevant to the IoT, such as sensing, energy harvesting, user interfaces and information security systems. We also consider the limitations and open challenges that must be addressed, and we outline future research directions towards the use of BCP assembly for the next generation of IoT systems.

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