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CO2 Laser Fabrication of a Passive continuous-flow T-shaped Polymethyl Methacrylate (PMMA) Micromixer

Lasers in Manufacturing and Materials Processing 2023年第3期10卷 373-388页

作者： Okello, Job Lazarus El-Bab, Ahmed M. Fath Yoshino, Masahiko El-Hofy, Hassan A. Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering Department University of Science and Technology New Borg El-Arab City Egypt Mechatronics and Robotics Engineering Department University of Science and Technology New Borg El-Arab City Egypt Department of Mechanical Engineering Tokyo Institute of Technology Tokyo Japan On leave from Department of Production Engineering Faculty of Engineering Alexandria University Alexandria Egypt

Since the emergence of microfluidics, the demand for microfluidic devices is ever increasing. Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) is extensively used to manufacture microfluidic devices because it is cheap, disposable, and biocompatible. CO2 laser micromachining of PMMA is cheap, fast, and efficient. However, thermal defects affect the process. In this work, a passive continuous-flow T-shaped micromixer was fabricated using a low-power CO2 laser. Microchannels were fabricated on PMMA substrates coated with a 1-µm layer of 99.95% pure aluminium. The power and speed of the laser varied from 1.5 to 7.5 W and 5 to 17.5 mm/s respectively. The effects of the deposited energy on surface roughness, heat-affected zone, and volumetric removal rate were examined. The microchannels were characterized to get the suitable dimensions for the micromixer’s microchannel which was fabricated at 3.0 W and 17.5 mm/s. The micromixer was bonded using the microwave welding technique and tested for leakage using purple dye by varying the flow pressure at intervals of 100 kPa for 20 min. Up to 1.5 MPa, no leakage occurred. Beyond 1.5 MPa, any increase in pressure resulted in leakage from the inlet tubes. Coating PMMA substrates with 99.95% pure aluminium before fabrication reduces thermal defects and improves efficiency. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.

关键词： Carbon dioxide lasers

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Design and Development of IoT Based Weather and Air Quality Monitoring Station

Design and Development of IoT Based Weather and Air Quality ...

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2023 International Conference on robotics and Automation in Industry, ICRAI 2023

作者： Haris, Muhammad Ubaid, Bilal Bibi, Uzma Said, Ameer Us Saqib, Syed Najm Khan, Shahbaz Tufail, Muhammad Advanced Robotics and Automation Lab National Center of Robotics and Automation Peshawar Pakistan University of Engineering and Technology Department of Mechatronics Engineering Peshawar Pakistan Institute of Manufacturing Engineering Management University of Engineering and Applied Sciences Swat Swat Pakistan

ISBN: (纸本)9781665464727

This paper presents the Design and Development of IoT Based Weather and Air Quality Monitoring stations that provide weather-related information for agriculture, and aviation climate forecasting purposes. The prototype is made up of an outdoor unit that consistently monitors numerous climatic variables such as temperature, humidity, barometric pressure, wind speed, wind direction, rainfall, and air quality using sensors with high accuracy. The air quality index(AQI) is also calculated using the sensors values which tell us whether the atmosphere is safe or polluted. ESP32(Microcontroller) which has a WiFi module is used to gather and send the sensor data through the Internet of things (IoT) to a ThingSpeak channel (IoT cloud), an internet platform where the data is saved, analyzed and read the data remotely. The weather station makes use of photovoltaic power and a rechargeable lead-acid battery to sustain the system. This paper also discusses the obvious strengths and shortcomings of the system and suggests plausible upgrades to assist the system in obtaining higher and long-term performance. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Internet of things

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On Designing Control Systems for Electron-Beam Processing Plants

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Russian Electrical engineering 2024年第7期95卷 579-584页

作者： Kozhechenko, A.S. Sliva, A.P. Maslov, A.N. Shcherbakov, A.V. Goncharov, A.L. Rodyakina, R.V. Dragunov, V.K. Department of Power Supply of Industrial Enterprises and Electric Technologies National Research University "Moscow Power Engineering Institute" Moscow111250 Russia Department of Metal Technologies National Research University "Moscow Power Engineering Institute" Moscow111250 Russia Department of Robotics Mechatronics Dynamics and Machine Strength National Research University "Moscow Power Engineering Institute" Moscow111250 Russia

This study shows the need for a common structured approach to designing control systems for electron-beam welding, surfacing, and additive shaping plants. The main controlled parameters of the process are highlighted. The three-level hierarchical structure of the control system is described. The control processes are differentiated taking into account the process requirements for electron-beam treatment processes and the features of the vacuum system, the electron gun, and the positioning system, as well as the system of taking images of the treated area according to the signal of backscattered electrons. The types and quantitative characteristics of the parameters of the signals necessary for running the system are given. It is shown that it is effective to divide the control processes in three groups, depending on the requirements on the rapid response of the actuators, as well as on the need for synchronizing some processes with others over time. The presented differentiation is used to propose a method for selecting technical facilities for each of the mentioned groups. An example is provided of constructing a control system for an electron-beam process plant using hardware components available for purchase. © Allerton Press, Inc. 2024.

关键词： Numerical control systems

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Crafting CanSats: A Novel Modular Design Paradigm for Scientific CanSats 20

Crafting CanSats: A Novel Modular Design Paradigm for Scient...

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20th IEEE International Conference on Smart Communities: Improving Quality of Life using AI, robotics and IoT, HONET 2023

作者： Chun, Carrington Patel, Uday Tanveer, M. Hassan Swift, Tom Dallesasse, Kevin Chakravarty, Sumit Kennesaw State Univeristy Department of Robotics and Mechatronics Engineering Marietta United States Kennesaw State Univeristy Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering MariettaGA United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798350331110

This paper introduces a novel modular design paradigm for Scientific CanSats, offering a cost-effective platform for testing space-related hardware in near-space environments with reduced developmental timelines. By harnessing Commercial Off The Shelf (COTS) products alongside open-source technologies, this framework emphasizes quick integration of diverse scientific instruments and control systems. The core architectural elements comprise: (1) a unified power and communication bus, (2) standardized mechanical attachments and interfaces, and (3) distributed computing and data management. To validate the effectiveness and adaptability of this design, undergraduate students were engaged to design modules adhering to the established standards. This approach facilitated the creation of an adaptable ecosystem of Command and Sensor Modules, enabling swift assembly and reconfiguration of CanSats with diverse scientific potentials. Remarkably, students transitioned from conceptual design to tangible modules within a semester, while CanSat assembly and reconfiguration from existing modules took five and four minutes respectively. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Conceptual design

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Investigating the Failure Mechanisms During the Epoxy-Coated Bearing Steel–Steel and Uncoated Bearing Steel–Steel Interactions (Crack Formation, Surface Tears, Schallamach-like Waves) and Their Corrosion Resistance in NaCl Environment

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Journal of Bio- and Tribo-Corrosion 2024年第4期10卷 1-21页

作者： Alavanthar, Amirthalakshmi Bhaumik, Shubrajit Paleu, Viorel Department of Science and Humanities Amrita School of Engineering Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham Tamil Nadu Chennai601103 India Department of Mechanical Engineering Amrita School of Engineering Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham Tamil Nadu Chennai601103 India Mechanical Engineering Mechatronics and Robotics Department Mechanical Engineering Faculty "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași 43 Prof. D. Mangeron Bld Iasi700050 Romania

The anti-wear properties of coatings are important to enhance the life of the steel surfaces. Thus, understanding the wear mechanisms of any coating matrix is important while designing and choosing a new coating matrix on steel surfaces. The present work investigated the thermal, mechanical, anti-wear, and anti-corrosion performance of semi-liquid epoxy-coated EN8 steel surfaces under reciprocating motion. The semi-liquid LY556 epoxy mixed with HY951 hardener was used to coat EN8 surfaces. The tribo-tests were conducted at different loads (5 N, 10 N, 15 N, and 20 N), spindle frequencies (1 Hz, 2 Hz, 3 Hz, and 4 Hz), and temperatures (40 °C, 60 °C, 80 °C, and 100 °C), maintaining a stroke length of 15 mm. The differential scanning calorimeter readings indicated the glass transition temperature of the cured epoxy to be 80 °C with the endothermic peak at 119 °C. The thermal degradation of the cured epoxy was found to be 330 °C using a thermal gravimetric analyzer. Artificial neural network models indicated that the frictional coefficient of the coated EN 8 samples increased with an increase in load, frequency, and temperature with the minimum frictional coefficient at 40 °C (0.0767 ± 0.014). The coating peel-off was observed from 80 °C. The optical microscope and scanning electron microscope images of the coating wear scar exhibited cracks and Schallamach-like material waves. Additionally, the corrosion studies indicated a significant corrosion resistance of the coated bars even after 120 h as compared to non-coated bars. Thus, the present work will be highly beneficial in developing new anti-wear and anti-corrosive coatings for steel surfaces. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2024.

关键词： Cracks

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Potholes Detection Using Yolo Algorithms and Their Integration Into Gazebo Simulation 9

Potholes Detection Using Yolo Algorithms and Their Integrati...

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9th International Conference on Control, robotics and Cybernetics, CRC 2024

作者： Hassan Tanveer, M. Fatima, Zainab Rehman, Tanazzah Siddique, Moaaz Shah, Arbaz Voicu, Razvan Cristian Farrukh Shahid, M. Kennesaw State University Department of Robotics and Mechatronics Engineering Marietta30060 United States NED University of Engineering and Technology Department of Software Engineering Karachi Pakistan FAST University of computing and Emerging Science Department of AI and Data Science Karachi Pakistan

ISBN: (纸本)9798331517489

Road cavities, often called potholes, pose a major problem for our transportation infrastructure, causing accidents, costly repairs, and traffic jamming. This study shows using a computer vision technique called You Only Look Once (YOLO) to find potholes on roads. YOLO is proficient and efficient for realtime object detection. The researchers want to see which version of YOLO is more effective in object analysis in pictures and videos. We'll be comparing YOLOv5, YOLOv7, and YOLOv8, thereby also setting up the system in Gazebo simulated environment. By carefully analyzing the results, we aim to understand the advantages and disadvantages of each YOLO version. This will help us see the most useful ones for finding potholes when managing and maintaining roads. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Object detection

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INDUSTRIALIZING RESIDENTIAL CONSTRUCTION USING ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENT (AI) robotics

INDUSTRIALIZING RESIDENTIAL CONSTRUCTION USING ARTIFICIAL IN...

引用

ASME 2022 International Mechanical engineering Congress and Exposition, IMECE 2022

作者： Abaza, Hussein Clark, Austin Schwartz, Aaron Ducre, Henry J. Guerra-Zubiaga, David A. Kennesaw State University Department of Robotics and Mechatronics Engineering MariettaGA United States

ISBN: (纸本)9780791886649

This research investigates using AI robotics in automating wooden residential construction. Residential building construction still depends on manual labor. Automation is used to construct certain buildings such as wood trusses, cabinets, doors, windows, and mechanical systems. However, there is a great need for automating the assembly of the building construction. This research builds a framework on how robotics can automate the construction of significant building components and assemble them in the field. In this approach, walls, roofs, and floors assemble in the area. Several attempts have been made to use robots for wood framing. However, these automation attempts focused only on the structural parts of the wooden construction. The scope of this research includes using multiple robots with conveying belts to incorporate the assembly of the main building components, including the wooden framing, exterior sheathing and siding, electric wiring and trim, plumbing pipes, thermal insulation, vapor barrier, waterproofing, trim, windows, and doors, and first coat painting. Building assemblies will be transported to the field and fit together. The system will integrate mass customization strategies which includes Product Family Architecture and Personalization Design. This approach will improve quality assurance, reduce labor costs, reduce construction time, and reduce material waste. As a proof of concept, the research simulates the use of a robot to assemble walls components. The results showed that using AI robotics to automate wooden residential construction is possible and practical. The advancement in AI robots overcame the inconsistencies in building materials and achieved the goals of this project. Copyright © 2022 by ASME.

关键词： Internet of things

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Electro-humidity responsive soft actuators based on cellulose nanofibers-nanocrystals for bioinspired applications

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Science China Technological Sciences 2025年

作者： Fan WANG Ruibin QI Yujiao WU Qinchuan LI Junhui ZHANG Sukho PARK School of Mechanical Engineering Zhejiang Sci-Tech University State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems Zhejiang University Department of Robotics and Mechatronics Engineering Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST)

Multifunctional responsive actuators have garnered considerable attention for their potential applications in soft robots, wearable devices, smart displays, environmental sensing, and biomimetic systems. Herein, we present a multifunctional color-changing ionic soft actuator that integrates electrical actuation and humidity-induced color-changing functionalities,fabricated using carboxylated cellulose nanofibers, ionic liquids, polyvinyl alcohol, cellulose nanocrystals, and poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate. The electro-humidity responsive actuator exhibited remarkable actuation performance, including a maximum tip displacement(10.2 mm), low driving voltage(as low as 1.0 V), high operational stability(95.2% reliability after 2000actuation cycles), broad working frequency range(0.2–3.0 Hz), and exceptional tolerance to humid environments(90% relative humidity). In addition, the actuator showcased reversible and integrated color-changing capabilities. These features enabled the design of innovative devices, such as biomimetic flowers and smart color-changing windows with tunable optical ***, this multifunctional actuator provides a promising platform for applications in soft robots, optical anti-counterfeiting systems, information storage materials, and intelligent home technologies.

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Low-Cost High Gain Sea Pimp-Shaped Dual Band Monopole Antenna for Mobile 4G/5G/LTE41/WLAN Application

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Progress In Electromagnetics Research C 2024年 140卷 41-51页

作者： Sakulchat, Suwat Ruengwaree, Amnoiy Naktong, Watcharaphon Unahalekhaka, Pramuk Promput, Sommart Department of Electrical Engineering Faculty of Engineering and Architecture Rajamangala University of Technology Suvarnabhumi Phranakhon Si Ayutthaya13000 Thailand Department of Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering Faculty of Engineering Rajamangala University of Technology Thanyaburi Pathum Thani 12110 Thailand Department of Telecommunications Engineering Faculty of Engineering and Technology Rajamangala University of Technology Isan Nakhon Ratchasima30000 Thailand Department of Electrical Engineering Faculty of Engineering and Architecture Rajamangala University of Technology Suvarnabhumi Nonthaburi11000 Thailand Department of Mechatronics and Robotics Engineering School of Engineering and Innovation Rajamangala University of Technology Tawan-ok Chonburi 20110 Thailand

This research aimed to design a sea pimp-shaped monopole antenna by using etching and cutting techniques, combined with the addition of reflector, to modify the antenna structure to support the bandwidth standard according to GSM-850 (0.82–0.90 GHz), GSM900 (0.88–0.96 GHz), DCS (1.72–1.88 GHz), PCS (1.85–1.99 GHz), UMTS (1.92–2.17 GHz), 5G Band40 (2.30–2.40 GHz), LTE41 (2.496–2.690 GHz), and WLAN IEEE 802.11b/g/n (2.4–2.48 GHz). This antenna used a galvanized metal sheet with a conductivity of 3.56 × 107 s/m to fabricate the structure of the radiator, ground plane, and reflector. The reflector modifies radiation patterns and increases the gain of the antenna. The antenna structure used the CST program for simulation to determine the optimal parameters and property values. As a result of replication, the antenna had dual bands with a reflection coefficient (S11) at 915 MHz (736–1040 MHz) of −26.70 dB and a frequency at 2.28 GHz (1.68–2.94 GHz) of −20.15 dB. The antenna gains are 6.70 and 8.47 dBi, an increase of 83.56% and 44.04% over the antenna without a reflector, respectively. The antenna had a unidirectional pattern in all the frequency ranges which can be utilized for the purpose of RF energy-harvesting (RF-EH) systems to provide power to low-power electronic systems. © 2024, Electromagnetics Academy. All rights reserved.

关键词： Monopole antennas

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Development and Control of an Autonomous User-Tracking Golf Caddie Robot

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Journal of Institute of Control, robotics and Systems 2022年第2期28卷 102-108页

作者： Kim, Byeong-Soo Choi, Jung Hyun Lee, Chan Oh, Sehoon Machinery & Robot Industry Promotion Team Daegu Mechatronics & Materials Institute Korea Republic of Department of Robotics Engineering DGIST Korea Republic of Department of Robot Engineering Yeungnam University Korea Republic of

This study proposes an autonomous caddie robot system that can automatically track a golf player. The caddie robot is designed to operate in two modes: an autonomous human-tracking mode, and a power-assisted manual driving mode. Mode conversion can be autonomously performed through the driving mode determination algorithm based on the distance and angle between a user and the robot, and angle of inclination. When the latter is too steep for the robot to track the user, the user can utilize a manual mode to guide the robot with minimal force. This study seeks to provide insight into how the high-level controller of the mobile platform should be configured to track users in flat and sloping environments. Experimental results obtained from tests in the golf course verify that the robot can be successfully utilized in golf games. © ICROS 2022.

关键词： Mobile robots

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