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Publisher Correction: Battery-free wireless imaging of underwater environments

Nature communications 2022年第1期13卷 6011页

作者： Sayed Saad Afzal Waleed Akbar Osvy Rodriguez Mario Doumet Unsoo Ha Reza Ghaffarivardavagh Fadel Adib Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA 02139 USA. MIT Media Lab Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA 02139 USA. Program in Media Arts and Sciences Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA 02139 USA. Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA 02139 USA. fadel@mit.edu. MIT Media Lab Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA 02139 USA. fadel@mit.edu. Program in Media Arts and Sciences Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA 02139 USA. fadel@mit.edu. MIT Sea Grant Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA 02139 USA. fadel@mit.edu.

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Neuromuscular fatigue detection by mechanomyography in people with complete spinal cord injury

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Research on Biomedical engineering 2020年第3期36卷 203-212页

作者： Krueger, Eddy Popović-Maneski, Lana Neto, Guilherme Nunes Nogueira Mendonça Scheeren, Eduardo Fiusa, Jessika Mehret Nohama, Percy Neural Engineering and Rehabilitation Laboratory Universidade Estadual de Londrina LondrinaPR Brazil Graduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences UEL-UNOPAR Campus Universitário s/n zipcode LondrinaPR86051-990 Brazil Institute of Technical Sciences of the Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts KnezMihailova 35/IV zipcode Belgrade11000 Serbia Graduate Program in Health Technology Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná Rua Imaculada Conceição 1155 Prado Velho zipcode CuritibaPR80215-901 Brazil Graduate Program in Electrical and Computer Engineering Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná Av. Sete de Setembro 3165 zipcode CuritibaPR80230-901 Brazil

Purpose: Functional electrical stimulation (FES) is a method of activating paralyzed muscles. During FES application, fast muscle fatigue can occur (the inability of stimulated muscles to generate force). Therefore, it is beneficial to estimate the muscle fatigue for FES closed-loop control for walking to prevent unexpected muscle collapse and adapt the FES strategy in real time. Mechanomyography (MMG) is a noninvasive technique for registering myofiber vibrations, representing an ideal candidate for the provision of feedback. The hypothesis was that MMG signals could effectively detect muscle fatigue and, thus, provide feedback. Methods: We tested this hypothesis by analyzing the wavelet transform of signals from an MMG sensor positioned over the rectus femoris muscle during electrically evoked contractions in subjects with spinal cord injury (SCI). The signals were collected from a total of 24 lower limb muscles. We investigated both legs of 15 participants with spinal cord injury (male, YOA = 27.13 ± 5.05, M = 75.8 ± 10.35 kg, and H = 1.78 ± 0.07 m, American Spinal Injury Impairment Scale (AIS) A and B). All MMG signals were analyzed in 12 frequency bands from 5 to 53 Hz. Results: We found different trends in the magnitudes in different frequency bands. The magnitude decreased in 13, 16, 20, 25, and 35 Hz bands in correlation with fatigue. The greatest statistical difference was found at 20 Hz and 25 Hz. Conclusion: This result suggests that processed MMG signals indicate muscle fatigue and can, thus, be used as the feedback in FES systems. © 2020, Sociedade Brasileira de Engenharia Biomedica.

关键词： Muscle

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Non-invasive suppression of essential tremor via phase-locked disruption of its temporal coherence

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Brain Stimulation 2023年第1期16卷 276-277页

作者： Li, Junheng Schreglmann, Sebastian Wang, David Peach, Robert Laurate, Anna Rhodes, Edward Panella, Emanuele Cassara, Antonino Boyden, Edward Barahona, Mauricio Rothwell, John Bhatia, Kailash Grossman, Nir Department of Brain Sciences Imperial College London London UK UK Dementia Research Institute UK Institute of Neurology Department of Clinical and Movement Neuroscience Queen Square University College London (UCL) UK Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory Massachussetts Institute of Technology (MIT) USA Department of Brain Sciences Imperial College London UK Department of Mathematics and EPSRC Centre for Mathematics of Precision Healthcare Imperial College London UK Department of Physics Imperial College London London SW7 2AZ UK IT’IS Foundation for Research on Information Technologies in Society Switzerland Department of Media Arts and Sciences MIT USA McGovern Institute for Brain Research MIT USA Howard Hughes Medical Institute Cambridge USA Department of Biological Engineering MIT USA Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences MIT USA Centre for Neurobiological Engineering MIT USA Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research MIT USA Centre for Bio-Inspired Technology Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Imperial College London UK Centre for Neurotechnology Imperial College London UK

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Flexible Dry Electrodes for EMG Acquisition within Lower Extremity Prosthetic Sockets

Flexible Dry Electrodes for EMG Acquisition within Lower Ext...

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IEEE/RAS-EMBS International Conference on Biomedical Robotics and Biomechatronics (BioRob)

作者： Seong Ho Yeon Tony Shu Emily A. Rogers Hyungeun Song Tsung-Han Hsieh Lisa E. Freed Hugh M. Herr MIT Program in Media Arts and Sciences MIT Center for Extreme Bionics Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA USA MIT Department of Mechanical Engineering MIT Center for Extreme Bionics Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA USA Health Sciences and Technology Program MIT Center for Extreme Bionics Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA USA

ISBN: (数字)9781728159072

ISBN: (纸本)9781728159089

Acquisition of surface electromyography (sEMG) from a person with an amputated lower extremity (LE) during prosthesis-assisted walking remains a significant challenge due to the dynamic nature of the gait cycle. Current solutions to sEMG-based neural control of active LE prostheses involve a combination of customized electrodes, prosthetic sockets, and liners. These technologies are generally: (i) incompatible with a subject's existing prosthetic socket and liners; (ii) uncomfortable to use; and (iii) expensive. This paper presents a flexible dry electrode design for sEMG acquisition within LE prosthetic sockets which seeks to address these issues. Design criteria and corresponding design decisions are explained and a proposed flexible electrode prototype is presented. Performances of the proposed electrode and commercial Ag/AgCl electrodes are compared in seated subjects without amputations. Quantitative analyses suggest comparable signal qualities for the proposed novel electrode and commercial electrodes. The proposed electrode is demonstrated in a subject with a unilateral transtibial amputation wearing her own liner, socket, and the portable sEMG processing platform in a preliminary standing and level ground walking study. Qualitative analyses suggest the feasibility of real-time sEMG data collection from load-bearing, ambulatory subjects.

关键词： Electrodes Sockets Muscles Prosthetics Electromyography Skin Standards

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Optical Thouless pumping transport and nonlinear switching in a topological low-dimensional discrete nematic liquid crystal array

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Physical Review A 2022年第1期105卷 013513-013513页

作者： Pawel S. Jung Midya Parto Georgios G. Pyrialakos Hadiseh Nasari Katarzyna Rutkowska Marek Trippenbach Mercedeh Khajavikhan Wieslaw Krolikowski Demetrios N. Christodoulides CREOL The College of Optics and Photonics University of Central Florida Orlando Florida 32816 USA Faculty of Physics Warsaw University of Technology Warsaw Poland Ming Hsieh Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Southern California Los Angeles California 90089 USA Faculty of Physics University of Warsaw Warsaw Poland Department of Physics & Astronomy Dornsife College of Letters Arts & Sciences University of Southern California Los Angeles California 90089 USA Laser Physics Centre Research School of Physics Australian National University Canberra ACT 0200 Australia Science Program Texas A&M University at Qatar Doha Qatar

We theoretically investigate a Thouless pumping scheme in the one-dimensional topological Su-Schrieffer-Heeger (SSH) model for single and multiple band-gap systems when implemented in a discrete nematic liquid crystal arrangement. For an electrically controlled SSH waveguide array, we numerically demonstrate edge-to-edge light transport at low power levels. On the other hand, at higher powers, the transport is frustrated by light-induced nonlinear defect states, giving rise to robust all-optical switching.

关键词： Optical solitons Topological insulators Liquid crystals Topological materials

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5th International Conference on engineering, Applied Sciences and technology, ICEAST 2019

作者： Sodsri, Chukiet Department of Electrical Engineering Faculty of Engineering and Industrial Technology Sanam-chadra Palace Campus Amphur Muang Nakhonpathom Thailand Graduate Program in Acoustic Design and Sonic Arts Graduate School Silpakorn Univesity Sanam-chadra Palace Campus Amphur Muang Nakhonpathom Thailand

ISBN: (纸本)9781728100678

Musical note similarities are usually verified by subjective tests and timbre comparisons. However, for one with no background in frequency analysis and without spectral clue in spectral comparison, it might not be easy for one to see how similar two sounds are. This work proposed a simple index for similarity measurement of musical notes, based on psychoacoustics of pitch and loudness perception, called musical note similarity index (MNSI). It was intended to use as a clue for spectral comparison and defined as a subtraction inverse of normalized summation of penalty weights for each harmonic amplitude and frequency exceeding the just noticeable differences (JNDs). Experiments were done and results were statistically analyzed. The correlation and t-test analysis showed that the MNSIs were well correlated with the subjective evaluations of sound similarity. Statistically, the Pearson correlation coefficient of the test was 0.9396 with 99% confidence. © 2019 IEEE.

关键词： Psychoacoustic

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Optical Thouless pumping transport and nonlinear switching in a topological low-dimensional discrete nematic liquid crystal array

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Jung, Pawel S. Parto, Midya Pyrialakos, Georgios G. Nasari, Hadiseh Rutkowska, Katarzyna Trippenbach, Marek Khajavikhan, Mercedeh Krolikowski, Wieslaw Christodoulides, Demetrios N. CREOL The College of Optics and Photonics University of Central Florida OrlandoFL32816 United States Faculty of Physics Warsaw University of Technology Warsaw Poland Ming Hsieh Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Southern California Los AngelesCA90089 United States Faculty of Physics University of Warsaw Warsaw Poland Department of Physics & Astronomy Dornsife College of Letters Arts & Sciences University of Southern California Los AngelesCA90089 United States Laser Physics Centre Research School of Physics and Engineering Australian National University CanberraACT0200 Australia Science Program Texas A&M University at Qatar Doha Qatar

We theoretically investigate a Thouless pumping scheme in the 1D topological Su-Schrieffer-Heeger (SSH) model for single and multiple band-gaps systems when implemented in a discrete nematic liquid crystal arrangement. For an electrically controlled SSH waveguide array, we numerically demonstrate edge-to-edge light transport at low power levels. On the other hand, at higher powers, the transport is frustrated by light-induced nonlinear defect states, giving rise to robust all-optical switching. © 2022, CC BY.

关键词： Nematic liquid crystals

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Cosmic-CoNN: A Cosmic Ray Detection Deep-Learning Framework, Dataset, and Toolkit

arXiv

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Xu, Chengyuan McCully, Curtis Dong, Boning Howell, D. Andrew Sen, Pradeep Media Arts and Technology University of California Santa BarbaraCA93106 United States Department of Computer Science University of California Santa BarbaraCA93106 United States Las Cumbres Observatory 6740 Cortona Drive Suite 102 GoletaCA93117-5575 United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of California Santa BarbaraCA93106 United States Department of Physics University of California Santa BarbaraCA93106 United States

Rejecting cosmic rays (CRs) is essential for the scientific interpretation of CCD-captured data, but detecting CRs in single-exposure images has remained challenging. Conventional CR detectors require experimental parameter tuning for different instruments, and recent deep learning methods only produce instrument-specific models that suffer from performance loss on telescopes not included in the training data. We present Cosmic-CoNN, a generic CR detector deployed for 24 telescopes at the Las Cumbres Observatory, which is made possible by the three contributions in this work: 1) We build a large and diverse ground-based CR dataset leveraging thousands of images from a global telescope network. 2) We propose a novel loss function and a neural network optimized for telescope imaging data to train generic CR detection models. At 95% recall, our model achieves a precision of 93.70% on Las Cumbres imaging data and maintains a consistent performance on new ground-based instruments never used for training. Specifically, the Cosmic-CoNN model trained on the Las Cumbres CR dataset maintains high precisions of 92.03% and 96.69% on Gemini GMOS-N/S 1x1 and 2x2 binning images, respectively. 3) We build a suite of tools including an interactive CR mask visualization and editing interface, console commands, and Python APIs to make automatic, robust CR detection widely accessible by the community of astronomers. Our dataset, open-source codebase, and trained models are available at https://***/cy-xu/cosmic-conn. Copyright © 2021, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Cosmic rays

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GeoT: A Geometry-aware Transformer for Reliable Molecular Property Prediction and Chemically Interpretable Representation Learning

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2021年

作者： Kwak, Bumju Park, Jiwon Kang, Taewon Jo, Jeonghee Lee, Byunghan Yoon, Sungroh Recommendation Team Kakao Corporation Gyeonggi13529 Korea Republic of LG Chem Seoul07795 Korea Republic of Interdisciplinary Program in Artificial Intelligence Seoul National University Seoul08826 Korea Republic of Daejeon34141 Korea Republic of Institute of New Media and Communications Seoul National University Seoul08826 Korea Republic of Department of Electronic Engineering Seoul National University of Science and Technology Seoul01811 Korea Republic of Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Seoul National University Seoul08826 Korea Republic of Artificial Intelligence Institute Seoul National University Seoul08826 Korea Republic of

In recent years, molecular representation learning has emerged as a key area of focus in various chemical tasks. However, many existing models fail to fully consider the geometric information of molecular structures, resulting in less intuitive representations. Moreover, the widely used message-passing mechanism is limited to provide the interpretation of experimental results from a chemical perspective. To address these challenges, we introduce a novel Transformer-based framework for molecular representation learning, named the Geometry-aware Transformer (GeoT). GeoT learns molecular graph structures through attention-based mechanisms specifically designed to offer reliable interpretability, as well as molecular property prediction. Consequently, GeoT can generate attention maps of interatomic relationships associated with training objectives. In addition, GeoT demonstrates comparable performance to MPNN-based models while achieving reduced computational complexity. Our comprehensive experiments, including an empirical simulation, reveal that GeoT effectively learns the chemical insights into molecular structures, bridging the gap between artificial intelligence and molecular sciences. © 2021, CC BY.

关键词： Geometry

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Fluidic fabric muscle sheets for wearable and soft robotics

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2019年

作者： Zhu, Mengjia Do, Thanh Nho Hawkes, Elliot Visell, Yon Media Arts and Technology Program Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering California NanoSystems Institute Center for Polymers and Organic Solids University of California Santa Barbara United States Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering Faculty of Engineering University of New South Wales Sydney Australia Department of Mechanical Engineering University of California Santa Barbara United States

Conformable robotic systems are attractive for applications in which they can be used to actuate structures with large surface areas, to provide forces through wearable garments, or to realize autonomous robotic systems. We present a new family of soft actuators that we refer to as Fluidic Fabric Muscle Sheets (FFMS). They are composite fabric structures that integrate fluidic transmissions based on arrays of elastic tubes. These sheet-like actuators can strain, squeeze, bend, and conform to hard or soft objects of arbitrary shapes or sizes, including the human body. We show how to design and fabricate FFMS actuators via facile apparel engineering methods, including computerized sewing techniques. Together, these determine the distributions of stresses and strains that can be generated by the FFMS. We present a simple mathematical model that proves effective for predicting their performance. FFMS can operate at frequencies of 5 Hertz or more, achieve engineering strains exceeding 100%, and exert forces greater than 115 times their own weight. They can be safely used in intimate contact with the human body even when delivering stresses exceeding 106 Pascals. We demonstrate their versatility for actuating a variety of bodies or structures, and in configurations that perform multi-axis actuation, including bending and shape change. As we also show, FFMS can be used to exert forces on body tissues for wearable and biomedical applications. We demonstrate several potential use cases, including a miniature steerable robot, a glove for grasp assistance, garments for applying compression to the extremities, and devices for actuating small body regions or tissues via localized skin stretch. Copyright © 2019, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Elasticity

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