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Three-Dimensional TV, Video, and Display IV

作者： Olsson, Roger Xu, Youzhi Dep. of Information Technology and Media Mid Sweden Univ. SE-853 70 Sundsvall Sweden Dep. of Electrical and Computer Engineering Jönköping Univ. SE-551 11 Jönköping Sweden

The next evolutionary step in enhancing video communication fidelity over wired and wireless networks is taken by adding scene depth. Three-dimensional video using integral imaging (II) based capture and display subsystems has shown promising results and is now in the early prototype stage. We have created a ray-tracing based interactive simulation environment to generate II video sequences as a way to assist in the development, evaluation and quick adoption of these new emerging techniques into the whole communication chain. A generic II description model is also proposed as the base for the simulation environment. This description model facilitate optically accurate II rendering using MegaPOV, a customized version of the open-source ray tracing package POV-Ray. By using MegaPOV as a rendering engine the simulation environment fully incorporate the scene description language of POV-Ray to exactly define a virtual scene. Generation and comparability of II video sequences adhering to different II-techniques is thereby greatly assisted, compared to experimental research. The initial development of the simulation environment is focused on generating and visualizing II source material adhering to the optical properties of different II-techniques published in the literature. Both temporally static as well as dynamic systems are considered. The simulation environment's potential for easy deployment of integral imaging video sequences adhering to different II-techniques is demonstrated.

关键词： Imaging systems

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Hidden design: An inquiry into the design of inclusive building environments and digital interface design for the vision impaired

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International Congress Series 2005年 1282卷 1071-1074页

作者： Srivilailuck, Sasipan Beale, Patrick Murray, Iain Kidd, Brian Faculty of Architecture Landscape and Visual arts The University of Western Australia Perth WA Australia Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Curtin University of Technology Perth WA Australia Brian J. Kidd PTY.LTD.Architect Perth WA Australia

This study aims to answer the question of what can architects and electronic and computer engineers offer to people with vision impairment? This research project is being undertaken jointly at the Faculty of Architecture, Landscape and Visual arts-University of Western Australia and the Department of electrical and computer engineering at Curtin University of technology. The study demonstrates the processes of architects and electronic computer engineers' work with vision impaired people. This research will examine how architects and electronic computer engineers meet the needs of the vision impaired within the area of learning environments. By being involved in a project for the creation of a revolutionary new building at the Association for the Blind of Western Australia and working under the supervision of an architect who has had over thirty years experience in the areas of aging and sensory loss, will assist in the study of how to meet the needs of vision impaired people in their building environments. Participation in the Cisco Network Academy Program with the vision impaired students at Curtin University will be vital and explain the different ways of learning and the interaction of vision impaired students with their educational technology. This will become a good source to experts in a variety of fields, who work with the vision impaired so as to be able to study their reaction to new technology. © 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： Building environment computer technology Tactile graphic Vision impairment Wayfinding systems

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Effective high frequency regeneration based on sinusoidal modeling for MPEG-4 HE-AAC

Effective high frequency regeneration based on sinusoidal mo...

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IEEE Workshop on Applications of Signal Processing to Audio and Acoustics

作者： Sang-Uk Ryu K. Rose Joon-Hyuk Chang Electrical and Computer Engineering University of California Santa Barbara CA USA Korea Institute of Science and Technology Imaging Media Research Center Seoul South Korea

A novel approach is proposed for effective high frequency regeneration in audio coding, which is based on a sinusoids plus noise model. It assumes a standard high efficiency advanced audio coding (HE-AAC) encoder, and modifies the decoder to exploit all available information in estimating the model parameters. From the lower band reconstruction of core AAC, frequency parameters of the high band sinusoids are estimated. Side information about spectral energy and the regenerated high band of standard HE-AAC are employed in estimating the magnitude parameters of the high band sinusoids as well as noise model parameters. The gains achieved by the proposed technique, over conventional HE-AAC, are demonstrated by subjective quality tests that were carried out on audio signals with significant harmonics in the high band.

关键词： MPEG 4 Standard Frequency estimation Decoding Audio coding Parameter estimation Image reconstruction Power harmonic filters Filter bank Testing Degradation

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A study on multi-unit fingerprint verification

A study on multi-unit fingerprint verification

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5th International Conference on Audio - and Video-Based Biometric Person Authentication, AVBPA 2005

作者： Lee, Kangrok Park, Kang Ryoung Jang, Jain Lee, Sanghoon Kim, Jaihie Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Yonsei University 134 Sinchon-dong Seodaemun-gu Seoul 120-749 Korea Republic of Division of Media Technology Sangmyung University 7 Hongji-dong Chongro-gu Seoul 110-743 Korea Republic of Korea Republic of Division of Computer and Information Engineering Yonsei University 134 Sinchon-dong Seodaemun-gu Seoul 120-749 Korea Republic of

Previous fingerprint verification systems have achieved good results, but these have been affected by the quality of input data. Fingerprint verification systems that use many fingers or multiple impressions of the same finger are more efficient and reliable than systems that use a single finger. However, multiple impressions give inconvenience to the user and increase the overall verification time. Therefore, we use only two fingers (multi-unit fusion) to improve performance of the fingerprint verification system. We show that performance can be improved by selecting a better quality fingerprint image of two fingerprints. Also, we propose a new quality checking algorithm composed of three stages. Our experimental results show that when the quality checking algorithm is performed by selecting a better quality fingerprint image of two fingerprints, there is a significance improvement in performance of the fingerprint verification system. © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2005.

关键词： Pattern recognition

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Emulator Implementation of Service Scenario Description Framework for Home Networked Appliances

Emulator Implementation of Service Scenario Description Fram...

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International Conference on Autonomic and Autonomous Systems (ICAS)

作者： T. Yamazaki Dongseop Kwon A. Sawada M. Minoh Distributed and Cooperative Media Group National Institute of Information and Communications Technology Japan School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Seoul National University South Korea Academic Center for Computing and Media Studies Kyoto University Japan

A home network service middleware called "UKARI-Kernel" has been proposed for distributed and collaborative networked appliances and networked sensors. A home network service can be established by the middleware using distributed function elements on the networked appliances. The middleware uses a service scenario description framework on the basis of BPEL, an XML language to define business processes, to set up the service according to the present situation. In this paper, we describe the overview and of the home network service middleware and its service scenario description. Then implementation of an emulator for the service scenario description framework is reported. It is noted that the proposed description framework can be constructed easily by using the existing toolkits

关键词： Home appliances Middleware Home automation Collaboration Distributed computing Wireless sensor networks Joining processes Communications technology computer science computer networks

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A multiplication-accumulation computation unit with optimized compressors and minimized switching activities

A multiplication-accumulation computation unit with optimize...

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IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS)

作者： Li-Hsun Chen O.T.-C. Chen Teng-Yi Wang Yung-Cheng Ma Signal and Media Laboratories Department of Electrical Engineering National Chung Cheng University Chiayi Taiwan Computer System Development Department Computer & Communications Research Laboratories Industrial Technology and Research Institute Hsinchu Taiwan

A low-power multiplication-accumulation computation (MAC) unit using the radix-4 Booth algorithm is proposed; its architectural complexity is reduced and switching activities are minimized. However, to maintain a high performance, the critical delays and hardware complexities of MAC units are explored to derive a MAC unit with high performance and low hardware complexity. A carry-save addition operation with optimized compressors is proposed to omit the use of half adders to reduce the hardware complexity further. A scheme to reduce switching activity is also proposed to lower the power consumption of the MAC unit. In performing a MAC for X/spl times/Y+Z, the effective dynamic ranges of X and Y are detected; the one with the smaller effective dynamic range is processed for Booth decoding so as to increase the probability of the partial products being zero, and thus the switching activity is reduced. Also, the effective dynamic range of the result from this multiplication is estimated and compared with the effective dynamic range of the datum, Z. The larger effective dynamic range of the two data is considered as the effective word length for an addition operation. Pipelined latches are used to make the noneffective operation maintain the status of the previous operation so as to reduce the switching activities from the addition performed in MAC. After the addition operation, sign extension is performed on the result from the effective sign bit copied to non-effective bits to derive at a correct output datum. Compared to conventional MAC units, the proposed one is able to reduce 21.09% to 43.74% of power consumption. Additionally, the proposed MAC unit outperforms conventional ones in comparing the product of critical delay, area, and power consumption.

关键词： Compressors Energy consumption Hardware computer architecture Delay Dynamic range Switching circuits Communication switching Digital signal processing Switched capacitor circuits

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A compact mathematical formulation for shared path protection with general shared risk groups

A compact mathematical formulation for shared path protectio...

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IFIP International Conference on Wireless and Optical Communications Networks (WOCN)

作者： J. Tapolcai Pin-Han Ho T. Cinkler Department of Telecommunications and Media Informatics Budapest University슠of슠Technology슠and슠Economics Budapest Hungary Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Waterloo ONT Canada

This paper provides a compact mathematical formulation for shared protection in communication networks with bandwidth guaranteed tunnels. The formulation is characterized by taking the most general definition of the shared risk group (SRG) with the complete routing information in the single failure scenario, which can facilitate solving the shared path protection problem on various network topologies and various graph models of networks. The general SRGs are essential for survivable routing in multi-layer grooming networks as well as in multi-domain networks. With the formulation, a general approach and a unified expression for solving the dynamic survivable routing problem can be developed. A case study is given at the end to verify the proposed formulation on a well studied special case, namely protecting against a single node or a single link failure.

关键词： Protection Routing Network topology Communication networks Signal restoration Informatics Bandwidth Cost function

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A novel shared segment protection method for guaranteed recovery time

A novel shared segment protection method for guaranteed reco...

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International Conference on Broadband Networks (BroadNets)

作者： J. Tapolcai P.-H. Ho D. Verchere T. Cinkler Department of Telecommunications and Media Informatics Budapest University슠of슠Technology슠and슠Economics Budapest Hungary Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Waterloo Canada Alcatel Marcoussis France

Shared segment protection (SSP), compared to shared path protection (SPP) or shared link protection (SLP), provides an optimal protection configuration, since SSP can increase the number of connections sharing the same protection segments and can reduce the restoration time in case of single link failure. This paper provides a thorough study on SSP under the GMPLS-based recovery framework, where an effective survivable routing algorithm for SSP is proposed, called shared segment protection (SSP) algorithm. The main advantage of the SSP algorithm is to reduce the high computation complexity in solving the ILP formulation first introduced in P-H. Ho et al., (2004). With an efficient iterative approach the design space is significantly reduced by excluding all the links that result intolerably long routes. The tradeoff between the price (i.e., cost representing the amount of resources, and the blocking probability) and the restoration time is extensively studied by simulations on three networks with highly dynamic traffic. It is demonstrated that the SSP algorithm can be a powerful solution in the GMPLS-based recovery with a stringent delay upper bound for achieving high availability and restorability of the transport services. The comparison among the three protection types further verifies that SSP can yield significant advantages over SPP and SLP.

关键词： Protection Iterative algorithms Space power stations Routing Iterative methods Costs Telecommunication traffic Traffic control Delay Upper bound

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Bounds on the entanglement attainable from unitary transformed thermal states in liquid-state nuclear magnetic resonance

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Physical Review A 2005年第3期71卷 032341-032341页

作者： Terri M. Yu Kenneth R. Brown Isaac L. Chuang Center for Bits and Atoms MIT Media Laboratory Cambridge Massachusetts 02139 USA Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge Massachusetts 02139 USA Department of Chemistry University of California Berkeley California 94720 USA Department of Physics Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge Massachusetts 02139 USA

The role of mixed-state entanglement in liquid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) quantum computation is not yet well understood. In particular, despite the success of quantum-information processing with NMR, recent work has shown that quantum states used in most of those experiments were not entangled. This is because these states, derived by unitary transforms from the thermal equilibrium state, were too close to the maximally mixed state. We are thus motivated to determine whether a given NMR state is entanglable—that is, does there exist a unitary transform that entangles the state? The boundary between entanglable and nonentanglable thermal states is a function of the spin system size N and its temperature T. We provide bounds on the location of this boundary using analytical and numerical methods; our tightest bound scales as N∼T, giving a lower bound requiring at least N∼22000 proton spins to realize an entanglable thermal state at typical laboratory NMR magnetic fields. These bounds are tighter than known bounds on the entanglability of effective pure states.

关键词： NMR QUANTUM COMPUTATION EXPERIMENTAL REALIZATION MIXED STATES INFORMATION computer ALGORITHM IMPLEMENTATION SEPARABILITY SEARCH PURIFICATION

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Effective memory reduction scheme used for reference frames in H.264/AVC video codec

Effective memory reduction scheme used for reference frames ...

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Midwest Symposium on Circuits and Systems (MWSCAS)

作者： Chih-Chang Chen Sheng-Shiung Chen O.T.C. Chen Chien-Fa Chen Fang-Chu Chen Department of Electrical Engineering Signal and Media Laboratories National Chung Cheng University Taiwan Digital Signal Processing Tech. Department of Computer & Communications Research Laboratory Industrial Technology and Research Institute Taiwan

In the H.264/AVC video codec, multiple reference frames are applied for motion estimation to provide good coding efficiency. However, multiple reference frames also require more memory cost than one reference frame used in a video codec. To minimize the amount of memory requirement, this work proposes to add a decision unit in the H.264/AVC codec to store these reference frames. The said decision unit would look closely at macroblock (MB) of the currently decoded frame to determine it's storage type to be compressed or reconstructed data, according to the encoding parameters of subblocks in this MB. Furthermore, an adaptive scheme is proposed to store the currently decoded frame as reconstructed picture for lowering the computational complexity and using the buffer in full. Experimental results reveal that the proposed memory reduction scheme requires lower complexity and better picture quality than the conventional work. Therefore, the proposed memory reduction scheme can be widely used in various applications of the H.264/AVC codec to minimize the memory requirement.

关键词： Automatic voltage control Video codecs Decoding Buffer storage Motion estimation Costs Computational complexity Videoconference Video compression Encoding

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