The image sequence of a static scene includes similar or redundant information over time. Hence, motion-discontinuous instants can efficiently characterize a video shot or event. However, such instants (key frames) ar...
详细信息
The image sequence of a static scene includes similar or redundant information over time. Hence, motion-discontinuous instants can efficiently characterize a video shot or event. However, such instants (key frames) are differently identified according to the change of velocity and acceleration of motion, and such scales of change might be different on each sequence of the same event. In this paper, we present a scalable video abstraction in which the key frames are obtained by the maximum curvature of camera motion at each temporal scale. The scalability means dealing with the velocity and acceleration change of motion. In the temporal neighborhood determined by the scale, the scene features (motion, color, and edge) can be used to index and classify the video events. Therefore, those key frames provide temporal interest points (TIPs) for the abstraction and classification of video events.
We investigated power splitters in air core waveguides with a metallic photonic crystal cladding. The mechanism of propagation in these guides is the total external reflection. The cladding is formed by a periodic arr...
详细信息
We investigated power splitters in air core waveguides with a metallic photonic crystal cladding. The mechanism of propagation in these guides is the total external reflection. The cladding is formed by a periodic arrangement of metallic wires on square or triangular lattices. Power splitters can be designed by modifying the geometry at the splitting region by introducing a reflecting structure in order to increase the transmission coefficient. Some splitters based on these structures are analyzed by an efficient frequency domain finite element approach.
This paper presents a system that tracks human heads in real-time under unconstrained environments where target occlusion, varying illumination, and cluttered backgrounds exist. Tracking is formulated as an active vis...
详细信息
We investigate the issues in voice communications over tandem heterogeneous network connections which require multiple source decoding/encoding operations. While it is known from speech coding research that tandem con...
详细信息
ISBN:
(纸本)0780383796
We investigate the issues in voice communications over tandem heterogeneous network connections which require multiple source decoding/encoding operations. While it is known from speech coding research that tandem connections of different speech coders can extract a substantial performance penalty, it is shown that the use of error concealment and source re-encoding can improve system performance in the presence of channel impairments such as bit errors and packet losses. A new protocol is proposed for wireless LANs that reduces retransmissions and discarded packets, and hence reduces system delay and facilitates packet loss concealment.
In MEMO systems, where multiple antennas are used at both transmitter and receiver to achieve high spectral efficiency, channel impulse reponses are often assumed to be constant over a block or packet This assumption ...
详细信息
ISBN:
(纸本)0780379381
In MEMO systems, where multiple antennas are used at both transmitter and receiver to achieve high spectral efficiency, channel impulse reponses are often assumed to be constant over a block or packet This assumption of block stationarity on channels is valid for most fixed wireless scenarios. However, for communications in a high mobility environment, the assumption will result in considerable performance degradation. In this paper, we focus on channel estimation for a MIMO system with OFDM transmission technique. In our system, pilots are placed on NP subcarriers for a novel channel estimation at the receiver with Kalman filters. With the channels estimated by a Kalman filter, we apply the QRD-M algorithm for suboptimal data detection with reasonable computational cost The outputs of data detection are fed back to another Kalman filter for an improved channel estimation. By alternatively and iteratively using these two Kalman filters, a better channel estimation can be obtained. A simulation result of the bit error rate shows the improvement of 10 dB in SNR with four iterations over non-iteration.
In this paper, we propose an algorithm for robust 3D motion estimation of wide baseline cameras from noisy feature correspondences. The posterior probability density function of the camera motion parameters is represe...
详细信息
This paper presents an UDP-based socket extension called the resilient mobile socket (RMS), which provides application-layer mobility support by encapsulating other sockets into a new aggregated socket abstraction. En...
详细信息
This paper presents an UDP-based socket extension called the resilient mobile socket (RMS), which provides application-layer mobility support by encapsulating other sockets into a new aggregated socket abstraction. Encapsulated sockets can then be added or removed without disturbing running applications. RMS also provides a method for soft handovers where several encapsulated sockets are used simultaneously during a handover. As a proof of concept, a working prototype has been built by integrating RMS with Marratech Pro, a commercially available e-meeting application. This prototype has been used to evaluate RMS and to investigate how GSM audio quality is affected by handovers. The result from the investigation shows that soft handovers can be executed without loosing packets or causing extra latency, while a hard handover in average took around 200 ms to complete. This indicates that proactive handovers and redundancy are important, but that more work must he done to predict disconnections.
Traditionally, interaction methods for wearable computers have focused on input to the computer itself, yet little has been done when it comes to allowing interaction with the surrounding environment. Pervasive comput...
详细信息
Traditionally, interaction methods for wearable computers have focused on input to the computer itself, yet little has been done when it comes to allowing interaction with the surrounding environment. Pervasive computing, on the other hand, offers access to computational power from any place all the time, yet most interaction techniques utilize either physical hardware or monitoring of the user in order to receive input. This paper presents a novel form of interaction by which a wearable computer user can interact with and control a pervasive computing environment in a natural and intuitive manner. Using sensors, the user can be allowed to literally "throw" events into the environment as a way of interacting with devices and computers.
A wearable computer equipped with a head-mounted display allows its user to receive notifications and advice that is readily visible in her field of view. While needless interruption of the user should be avoided, the...
详细信息
A wearable computer equipped with a head-mounted display allows its user to receive notifications and advice that is readily visible in her field of view. While needless interruption of the user should be avoided, there are times when the information is of such importance that it must demand the user's attention. As the user is mobile and likely interacts with the real world when these situations occur, it is important to know in what way the user can be notified without increasing her cognitive workload more than necessary. To investigate ways of presenting information without increasing the cognitive workload of the recipient, an experiment was performed testing different approaches. The experiment described in this paper is based on an existing study of interruption of people in human-computer interaction, but our focus is instead on finding out how this applies to wearable computer users engaged in real world tasks.
The thermal environment in urban areas is characterized by the heat island phenomenon. To estimate the thermal conditions of land surfaces by satellite, it is necessary to find the relationship between the surface tem...
详细信息
The thermal environment in urban areas is characterized by the heat island phenomenon. To estimate the thermal conditions of land surfaces by satellite, it is necessary to find the relationship between the surface temperature and land cover type. The most widely used vegetation index for ecological application is the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI). We studied the correlation between NDVI values and the surface temperature in our study area. NDVI uses radiance values or apparent reflectance values of the red and the near-infrared spectral bands. These reflectance values are influenced by the atmospheric aerosols. In order to calculate accurate NDVI values (aerosol-free NDVI), we first estimated the surface reflectance at visible bands by using our atmosphere-ground surface system based on the aerosol observation data. At the test site, we measured the aerosol optical thickness of visible bands using a sky radiometer, and we measured the air temperature and humidity by using a thermometer-hygrometer with a data logger. In this paper, we show the variations of aerosol optical thickness in the spring and summer and demonstrate the correlation between the surface temperatures of ASTER level 2B products and our observed screen temperatures.
暂无评论