There is a growing demand for large-scale Synthetic Aperture Sonar (SAS) datasets. This demand stems from data-driven applications such as Automatic Target Recognition (ATR) [1]-[3], segmentation [4] and oceanographic...
There is a growing demand for large-scale Synthetic Aperture Sonar (SAS) datasets. This demand stems from data-driven applications such as Automatic Target Recognition (ATR) [1]-[3], segmentation [4] and oceanographic research of the seafloor, simulation for sensor prototype development and calibration [5], and even potential higher level tasks such as motion estimation [6] and micronavigation [7]. Unfortunately, the acquisition of SAS data is bottlenecked by the costly deployment of SAS imaging systems, and even when data acquisition is possible, the data is often skewed towards containing barren seafloor rather than objects of interest. This skew introduces a data imbalance problem wherein a dataset can have as much as a 1000-to-1 ratio of seafloor background to object-of-interest SAS image chips.
We report the realization of room-temperature, stimulated-emission in Er-doped-GaN multiple-quantum-wells at the 1.5-µm. Structures were grown by MOCVD and lasing was confirmed by threshold-behaviors of emission-...
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During haptic interaction with touched objects, contact with the skin elicits mechanical signals that propagate rapidly to distances removed from the location of contact. Prior research has shown that these touch elic...
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In this paper we present HIVE (2016), a parametrically designed interactive sound sculpture with embedded multichannel digital audio which explores the intersection of sculptural form and musical instrument design. We...
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Bridging the exponentially growing gap between the numbers of unlabeled and labeled protein sequences, several studies adopted semi-supervised learning for protein sequence modeling. In these studies, models were pre-...
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Objective: we have developed a handheld device for noninvasive quantitative assessment of jugular venous pressure (JVP). Methods: we used a single crystal ultrasound coupled to a force-sensing load cell to measure JVP...
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With advancements in the science of detection and attribution studies, the influence of climate change over many events has now been quantified.Because of the rapidly increasing temperatures, vulnerable populations (a...
With advancements in the science of detection and attribution studies, the influence of climate change over many events has now been quantified.
Because of the rapidly increasing temperatures, vulnerable populations (adults older than 65 years, and children younger than one year of age) were exposed to 3·7 billion more heatwave days in 2021 than annually in 1986–2005 (indicator 1.1.2), and heat-related deaths increased by 68% between 2000–04 and 2017–21 (indicator 1.1.5), a death toll that was significantly exacerbated by the confluence of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Despite the local cooling and overall health benefits of urban greenspaces, only 277 (27%) of 1038 global urban centres were at least moderately green in 2021 (indicator 2.2.3), and the number of households with air conditioning increased by 66% from 2000 to 2020, a maladaptive response that worsens the energy crisis and further increases urban heat, air pollution, and greenhouse gas emissions.
[...]millions of people do not have access to the energy needed to keep their homes at healthy temperatures, preserve food and medication, and meet the seventh Sustainable Development Goal (to ensure access to affordable, reliable, sustainable, and modern energy for all).
Aggravating this situation even further, governments continue to incentivise fossil fuel production and consumption: 69 (80%) of 86 countries reviewed had net-negative carbon prices (ie, provided a net subsidy to fossil fuels) for a net total of US$400 billion
The number of topological defects created in a system driven through a quantum phase transition exhibits a power-law scaling with the driving time. This universal scaling law is the key prediction of the Kibble-Zurek ...
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The number of topological defects created in a system driven through a quantum phase transition exhibits a power-law scaling with the driving time. This universal scaling law is the key prediction of the Kibble-Zurek mechanism (KZM), and testing it using a hardware-based quantum simulator is a coveted goal of quantum information science. Here we provide such a test using quantum annealing. Specifically, we report on extensive experimental tests of topological defect formation via the one-dimensional transverse-field Ising model on two different D-Wave quantum annealing devices. We find that the quantum simulator results can indeed be explained by the KZM for open-system quantum dynamics with phase-flip errors, with certain quantitative deviations from the theory likely caused by factors such as random control errors and transient effects. In addition, we probe physics beyond the KZM by identifying signatures of universality in the distribution and cumulants of the number of kinks and their decay, and again find agreement with the quantum simulator results. This implies that the theoretical predictions of the generalized KZM theory, which assumes isolation from the environment, applies beyond its original scope to an open system. We support this result by extensive numerical computations. To check whether an alternative, classical interpretation of these results is possible, we used the spin-vector Monte Carlo model, a candidate classical description of the D-Wave device. We find that the degree of agreement with the experimental data from the D-Wave annealing devices is better for the KZM, a quantum theory, than for the classical spin-vector Monte Carlo model, thus favoring a quantum description of the device. Our work provides an experimental test of quantum critical dynamics in an open quantum system, and paves the way to new directions in quantum simulation experiments.
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