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作者： Albert Reed Isaac D. Gerg John D. McKay Daniel C. Brown David P. Williamsk Suren Jayasuriya School of Electrical Computer & Energy Engineering Arizona State University Tempe AZ USA School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Pennsylvania State University State College PA USA Applied Research Laboratory Pennsylvania State University State College PA USA Graduate Program in Acoustics Pennsylvania State University State College PA USA NATO STO Centre for Maritime Research & Experimentation La Spezia Italy School of Arts Media & Engineering Arizona State University Tempe AZ USA

There is a growing demand for large-scale Synthetic Aperture Sonar (SAS) datasets. This demand stems from data-driven applications such as Automatic Target Recognition (ATR) [1]-[3], segmentation [4] and oceanographic research of the seafloor, simulation for sensor prototype development and calibration [5], and even potential higher level tasks such as motion estimation [6] and micronavigation [7]. Unfortunately, the acquisition of SAS data is bottlenecked by the costly deployment of SAS imaging systems, and even when data acquisition is possible, the data is often skewed towards containing barren seafloor rather than objects of interest. This skew introduces a data imbalance problem wherein a dataset can have as much as a 1000-to-1 ratio of seafloor background to object-of-interest SAS image chips.

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Coupling rendering and generative adversarial networks for artificial SAS image generation

arXiv

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arXiv 2019年

作者： Reed, Albert Gerg, Isaac D. McKay, John D. Brown, Daniel C. Williams, David P. Jayasuriya, Suren School of Electrical Computer & Energy Engineering Arizona State University TempeAZ United States School of Arts Media & Engineering Arizona State University TempeAZ United States Applied Research Laboratory Pennsylvania State University State College PA United States Graduate Program in Acoustics Pennsylvania State University State College PA United States School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Pennsylvania State University State College PA United States NATO STO Centre for Maritime Research & Experimentation La Spezia Italy

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Telecommunication-wavelength lasing in er-doped gan multiple quantum wells at room temperature

Telecommunication-wavelength lasing in er-doped gan multiple...

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Advanced Solid State Lasers, ASSL 2018

作者： Ho, V.X. Al Tahtamouni, T.M. Wang, Y. Jiang, H.X. Lin, J.Y. Zavada, J.M. Vinh, N.Q. Department of Physics Center for Soft Matter and Biological Physics Virginia Tech BlacksburgVA24061 United States Materials Science and Technology Program College of Arts and Sciences Qatar University Doha2713 Qatar Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Texas Tech University LubbockTX79409 United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering New York University BrooklynNY11201 United States

We report the realization of room-temperature, stimulated-emission in Er-doped-GaN multiple-quantum-wells at the 1.5-µm. Structures were grown by MOCVD and lasing was confirmed by threshold-behaviors of emission-... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)9781943580484

关键词： Semiconductor quantum wells

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Transfer properties of touch elicited waves: Effect of posture and contact conditions 7

Transfer properties of touch elicited waves: Effect of postu...

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7th IEEE World Haptics Conference, WHC 2017

作者： Schafer, Harald Wells, Zachary Shao, Yitian Visell, Yon Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Media Arts and Technology Program California NanoSystems Institute University of California Santa BarbaraCA93106 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781509014255

During haptic interaction with touched objects, contact with the skin elicits mechanical signals that propagate rapidly to distances removed from the location of contact. Prior research has shown that these touch elicited mechanical signals travel predominantly as waves, and during manual touch, reach distances spanning the entire hand. While the structure in these signals is well preserved across distance, it is unknown how the propagation of these signals from the contact locus to other areas of the hand or finger depend on posture or contact conditions. To address this, we measured empirical transfer functions from a contacting plate that stimulated the fingertip to other sites on the finger, and analyzed the dependence of the corresponding frequency domain transfer functions on location, posture, and contact forces. The results suggest that the frequency and spatial dependence of these transfer functions varied consistently, and encoded contact conditions and relative contact location. Greatest variation was observed in the low or high frequency ranges of vibrotactile sensation, and at large distances from the contact surface. In contrast, mechanical information in the frequency range from 100 to 200 Hz was well preserved at large distances, and across conditions, indicating that tactile information in this frequency range is transmitted to other finger locations in a manner that is relatively invariant to the conditions and location of touch contact. The results may refine current understanding of the biomechanics of cutaneous wave propagation in the hand, may hold implications for understanding information content in touch-related cutaneous waves, and could hold inform the design of tactile displays worn on the skin. © 2017 IEEE.

关键词： Location

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Author Correction: Disrupting cellular memory to overcome drug resistance

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Nature communications 2024年第1期15卷 4264页

作者： Guillaume Harmange Raúl A Reyes Hueros Dylan L Schaff Benjamin Emert Michael Saint-Antoine Laura C Kim Zijian Niu Shivani Nellore Mitchell E Fane Gretchen M Alicea Ashani T Weeraratna M Celeste Simon Abhyudai Singh Sydney M Shaffer Cellular and Molecular Biology Graduate Group Perelman School of Medicine University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia PA USA. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics Perelman School of Medicine University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia PA USA. Department of Bioengineering School of Engineering and Applied Sciences University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia PA USA. Division of Biology and Biological Engineering California Institute of Technology Pasadena CA 91125 USA. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Delaware Newark DE 19716 USA. Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute Perelman School of Medicine University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia PA USA. Department of Chemistry College of the Arts and Sciences University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia PA USA. Department of Physics College of the Arts and Sciences University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia PA USA. Department of Biology College of the Arts and Sciences University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia PA USA. The Wharton School University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia PA USA. Cancer Signaling and Microenvironment Research Program Fox Chase Cancer Center Philadelphia PA USA. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Johns Hopkins School of Public Health Baltimore MD USA. Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center Johns Hopkins School of Medicine Baltimore MD USA. Department of Cell and Developmental Biology Perelman School of Medicine University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia PA USA. Department of Bioengineering School of Engineering and Applied Sciences University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia PA USA. sydshaffer@***. Department of Pathology Perelman School of Medicine University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia PA USA. sydshaffer@***.

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Hive: An interactive sculpture for musical expression

Hive: An interactive sculpture for musical expression

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International conference on New Interfaces for Musical Expression, NIME 2017

作者： Kıratlı, Şölen Cadambi, Akshay Visell, Yon Media Arts and Technology University of California Santa Barbara Santa BarbaraCA United States Media Arts and Technology Electrical and Computer Engineering University of California Santa Barbara Santa BarbaraCA United States

In this paper we present HIVE (2016), a parametrically designed interactive sound sculpture with embedded multichannel digital audio which explores the intersection of sculptural form and musical instrument design. We examine sculpture as an integral part of music composition and performance, expanding the definition of musical instrument to include the gestalt of loudspeakers, architectural spaces, and material form. After examining some related works, we frame HIVE as an interactive sculpture for musical expression. We then describe our design and production process, which hinges on the relationship between sound, space, and sculptural form. Finally, we discuss the installation and its implications. © 2017 Steering Committee of the International Conference on New Interfaces for Musical Expression. All rights reserved.

关键词： Musical instruments

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Pre-training of deep bidirectional protein sequence representations with structural information

arXiv

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arXiv 2019年

作者： Min, Seonwoo Park, Seunghyun Kim, Siwon Choi, Hyun-Soo Lee, Byunghan Yoon, Sungroh Department of Electrical and Computer engineering Seoul National University Seoul08826 Korea Republic of LG AI Research Seoul07796 Korea Republic of Clova AI Research NAVER Corp. Seongnam13561 Korea Republic of Department of Computer Science and Engineering Kangwon National University Chuncheon24341 Korea Republic of Department of Electronic and IT Media Engineering Seoul National University of Science and Technology Seoul01811 Korea Republic of Interdisciplinary Program in Artificial Intelligence ASRI INMC Institute of Engineering Research Seoul National University Seoul08826 Korea Republic of

Bridging the exponentially growing gap between the numbers of unlabeled and labeled protein sequences, several studies adopted semi-supervised learning for protein sequence modeling. In these studies, models were pre-trained with a substantial amount of unlabeled data, and the representations were transferred to various downstream tasks. Most pre-training methods solely rely on language modeling and often exhibit limited performance. In this paper, we introduce a novel pre-training scheme called PLUS, which stands for Protein sequence representations Learned Using Structural information. PLUS consists of masked language modeling and a complementary protein-specific pre-training task, namely same-family prediction. PLUS can be used to pre-train various model architectures. In this work, we use PLUS to pre-train a bidirectional recurrent neural network and refer to the resulting model as PLUS-RNN. Our experiment results demonstrate that PLUS-RNN outperforms other models of similar size solely pre-trained with the language modeling in six out of seven widely used protein biology tasks. Furthermore, we present the results from our qualitative interpretation analyses to illustrate the strengths of PLUS-RNN. PLUS provides a novel way to exploit evolutionary relationships among unlabeled proteins and is broadly applicable across a variety of protein biology tasks. We expect that the gap between the numbers of unlabeled and labeled proteins will continue to grow exponentially, and the proposed pre-training method will play a larger role. All the data and codes used in this study are available at https://***/mswzeus/PLUS. © 2019, CC BY-NC-ND.

关键词： Proteins

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Noninvasive assessment of jugular venous pressure via force-coupled single crystal ultrasound

Noninvasive assessment of jugular venous pressure via force-...

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作者： Singh, Robin Jaffe, Alex Frydman, Galit H. Najia, Mohamad Ali Toufic Wei, Zijun Yang, Jason Majmudar, Maulik D. Department of Mechanical Engineering Medical Electronic Device Realization Centre Institute of Medical Engineering and Science Massachusetts Institute of Technology United States Research Laboratory of Electronics Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Massachusetts Institute of Technology United States Division of Comparative Medicine Department of Biological Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology United States Center for Surgery Innovation and Bioengineering Department of Surgery Massachusetts General Hospital United States Harvard-MIT Health Sciences and Technology United States Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard United States Department of Hematology/Oncology Boston Children's Hospital United States Department of Media Arts and Sciences Massachusetts Institute of Technology United States Healthcare Transformation Lab Division of Cardiology Department of Medicine Massachusetts General Hospital BostonMA02114-2696 United States

Objective: we have developed a handheld device for noninvasive quantitative assessment of jugular venous pressure (JVP). Methods: we used a single crystal ultrasound coupled to a force-sensing load cell to measure JVP based on the force necessary to collapse the internal jugular vein (IJV) walls. We used a gelatin-based model system of the IJV to test the ability of single crystal ultrasound to identify the IJV and verified the cross-sectional position and diameter of the vessels with conventional imaging ultrasound. We also tested our prototype device on healthy human volunteers. Results: experiments on model system demonstrated that vessel diameters determined with single crystal ultrasound were in close agreement with the diameters derived from conventional 2-D ultrasound. Proof-of-concept human experiments demonstrate that single crystal ultrasound can detect the IJV in basal and collapsed states, as compared to gold-standard sonography (insert stats). Assessment of JVP in human volunteers was physiologically consistent with and sensitive to postural changes (supine JVP 6.6 ± 2.4 mmHg;standing JVP 4.2 ± 1.9 mmHg (p © 1964-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Single crystals

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The 2022 report of the Lancet Countdown on health and climate change: health at the mercy of fossil fuels (vol 400, pg 1619, 2022)

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LANCET 2022年第10365期400卷 1766-1766页

作者： Romanello, M. Di Napoli, C. Drummond, P. Institute for Global Health University College London London UK School of Agriculture Policy and Development University of Reading Reading UK Institute for Sustainable Resources University College London London UK Department of Global Health Centre for Health and the Global Environment University of Washington Seattle WA USA UCL Energy Institute University College London London UK Department of Health Sciences University of York York UK Department of Meteorology University of Reading Reading UK Institute for Risk and Disaster Reduction University College London London UK School of Earth and Environment University of Leeds Leeds UK Centre on Climate Change and Planetary Health London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine London UK School of Population Health University of Melbourne Melbourne VIC Australia Department of Earth System Science Tsinghua University Beijing China Mercator Research Institute on Global Commons and Climate Change Berlin Germany Department of Environment Climate Change and Health World Health Organization Geneva Switzerland Institute of Environmental Sciences University of Geneva Geneva Switzerland Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit Department of Public Health & Primary Care University of Cambridge Cambridge UK School of Government University of Birmingham Birmingham UK Economic Analysis of Climate Impacts and Policy Division Centro Euro-Mediterraneo sui Cambiamenti Climatici Venice Italy Institute for Environmental Design and Engineering University College London London UK Natural Resources Institute University of Greenwich London UK Department of Environmental Health Sciences and Yale Center on Climate Change and Health Yale University New Haven CT USA Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Northeastern University Boston MA USA Department of Fish and Wildlife Conservation Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University Blacksburg VA USA Department of Geography University College London London UK NU

With advancements in the science of detection and attribution studies, the influence of climate change over many events has now been quantified. Because of the rapidly increasing temperatures, vulnerable populations (adults older than 65 years, and children younger than one year of age) were exposed to 3·7 billion more heatwave days in 2021 than annually in 1986–2005 (indicator 1.1.2), and heat-related deaths increased by 68% between 2000–04 and 2017–21 (indicator 1.1.5), a death toll that was significantly exacerbated by the confluence of the COVID-19 pandemic. Despite the local cooling and overall health benefits of urban greenspaces, only 277 (27%) of 1038 global urban centres were at least moderately green in 2021 (indicator 2.2.3), and the number of households with air conditioning increased by 66% from 2000 to 2020, a maladaptive response that worsens the energy crisis and further increases urban heat, air pollution, and greenhouse gas emissions. [...]millions of people do not have access to the energy needed to keep their homes at healthy temperatures, preserve food and medication, and meet the seventh Sustainable Development Goal (to ensure access to affordable, reliable, sustainable, and modern energy for all). Aggravating this situation even further, governments continue to incentivise fossil fuel production and consumption: 69 (80%) of 86 countries reviewed had net-negative carbon prices (ie, provided a net subsidy to fossil fuels) for a net total of US$400 billion

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Probing the universality of topological defect formation in a quantum annealer: Kibble-Zurek mechanism and beyond

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Physical Review Research 2020年第3期2卷 033369-033369页

作者： Yuki Bando Yuki Susa Hiroki Oshiyama Naokazu Shibata Masayuki Ohzeki Fernando Javier Gómez-Ruiz Daniel A. Lidar Sei Suzuki Adolfo del Campo Hidetoshi Nishimori Institute of Innovative Research Tokyo Institute of Technology Nagatsuta-cho Midori-ku Yokohama 226-8503 Japan Institute of Innovative Research Tokyo Institute of Technology Oh-okayama Meguro-ku Tokyo 152-8550 Japan Department of Physics Tohoku University Sendai 980-8578 Japan Graduate School of Information Sciences Tohoku University Sendai 980-8579 Japan Sigma-i Co. Ltd. Konan Minato-ku Tokyo 108-0075 Japan Donostia International Physics Center E-20018 San Sebastián Spain Departments of Electrical and Computer Engineering Chemistry and Physics University of Southern California Los Angeles California 90089 USA Center for Quantum Information Science & Technology University of Southern California Los Angeles California 90089 USA Department of Liberal Arts Saitama Medical University Moroyama Saitama 350-0495 Japan IKERBASQUE Basque Foundation for Science E-48013 Bilbao Spain Department of Physics University of Massachusetts Boston 100 Morrissey Boulevard Boston Massachusetts 02125 USA RIKEN Interdisciplinary Theoretical and Mathematical Sciences Program (iTHEMS) Wako Saitama 351-0198 Japan

The number of topological defects created in a system driven through a quantum phase transition exhibits a power-law scaling with the driving time. This universal scaling law is the key prediction of the Kibble-Zurek mechanism (KZM), and testing it using a hardware-based quantum simulator is a coveted goal of quantum information science. Here we provide such a test using quantum annealing. Specifically, we report on extensive experimental tests of topological defect formation via the one-dimensional transverse-field Ising model on two different D-Wave quantum annealing devices. We find that the quantum simulator results can indeed be explained by the KZM for open-system quantum dynamics with phase-flip errors, with certain quantitative deviations from the theory likely caused by factors such as random control errors and transient effects. In addition, we probe physics beyond the KZM by identifying signatures of universality in the distribution and cumulants of the number of kinks and their decay, and again find agreement with the quantum simulator results. This implies that the theoretical predictions of the generalized KZM theory, which assumes isolation from the environment, applies beyond its original scope to an open system. We support this result by extensive numerical computations. To check whether an alternative, classical interpretation of these results is possible, we used the spin-vector Monte Carlo model, a candidate classical description of the D-Wave device. We find that the degree of agreement with the experimental data from the D-Wave annealing devices is better for the KZM, a quantum theory, than for the classical spin-vector Monte Carlo model, thus favoring a quantum description of the device. Our work provides an experimental test of quantum critical dynamics in an open quantum system, and paves the way to new directions in quantum simulation experiments.

关键词： Critical exponents Nonequilibrium statistical mechanics Open quantum systems Quantum computation Quantum master equation Quantum simulation Quantum statistical mechanics Quantum spin models

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