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Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics, CLEO 2006

作者： Wojtkowski, M. Srinivasan, V. Ko, T. Fujimoto, J. Duker, J. Schuman, J. Kowalczyk, A. Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Research Laboratory of Electronics Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA 02139 United States New England Eye Center Tufts-New England Medical Center Tufts University School of Medicine Boston MA 02111 United States University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Eye Center University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA 15213 United States Institute of Physics Nicholas Copernicus University Torun Poland

High speed, ultrahigh resolution OCT retinal imaging using spectral/Fourier detection enables ~2 um axial resolutions and ~24,000 axial scans/second. These high speeds and resolutions achieve dramatic improvements in ... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)1557528136

关键词： Image enhancement

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3D ROC Analysis for medical Imaging Diagnosis

3D ROC Analysis for Medical Imaging Diagnosis

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Annual International Conference of the IEEE engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC)

作者： Su Wang C.-I. Chang Sheng-Chih Yang Giu-Cheng Hsu Hsian-He Hsu Pau-Choo Chung Shu-Mei Guo San-Kan Lee Remote Sensing Signal and Image Processing Laboratory Department of Computer Science and Electrical Engineering University of Maryland Baltimore County Baltimore MD USA Department of Electrical Engineering National Cheng Kung University Taiwan Department of Radiology Tri-Service General Hospital and National Defense Medical Center Taipei Taiwan Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering National Cheng Kung University Taiwan Administrative Office Suao Veterans Hospital Yilan Taiwan

Receiver operating characteristics (ROC) has been widely used as a performance evaluation tool to measure effectiveness of medical modalities. It is derived from a standard detection theory with false alarm and detection power interpreted as false positive (FP) and true positive (TP) respectively in terms of medical diagnosis. The ROC curve is plotted based on TP versus FP via hard decisions. This paper presents a three dimensional (3D) ROC analysis which extends the traditional two-dimensional (2D) ROC analysis by including a threshold parameter in a third dimension resulting from soft decisions, (SD). As a result, a 3D ROC curve can be plotted based on three parameters, TP, FP and SD. By virtue of such a 3D ROC curve three two-dimensional (2D) ROC curves can be derived, one of which is the traditional 2D ROC curve of TP versus FP with SD reduced to hard decision. In order to illustrate its utility in medical diagnosis, its application to magnetic resonance (MR) image classification is demonstrated

关键词： Image analysis Biomedical imaging Radar detection medical diagnosis Detectors computer science Hospitals medical diagnostic imaging Magnetic analysis Performance analysis

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Automatic Differentiation: Applications, Theory, and Implementations

Lecture Notes in Computational Science and Engineering

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Lecture Notes in Computational science and engineering 2006年 50卷

作者： Bücker, Martin Corliss, George Hovland, Paul Naumann, Uwe Norris, Boyana Institute for Scientific Computing RWTH Aachen University D-52056 Aachen Germany Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Marquette University 1515 W. Wisconsin Avenue P.O. Box 1881 Milwaukee WI 53201-1881 United States Software and Tools for Computational Engineering RWTH Aachen University D-52056 Aachen Germany Mathematics and Computer Science Division Argonne National Laboratory 9700 S Cass Ave Argonne IL 60439 United States

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Exploiting Binary Abstractions in Deciphering Gene Interactions

Exploiting Binary Abstractions in Deciphering Gene Interacti...

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Annual International Conference of the IEEE engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC)

作者： Sungroh Yoon Abhishek Garg Eui-Young Chung Hyun Seok Park Woong Yang Park Giovanni De Micheli Computer Systems Laboratory Stanford University Stanford CA USA Integrated Systems Center Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne Switzerland Integrated Systems Center Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (EPFL) Lausanne Switzerland Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Yonsei University Seoul Korea Macrogen Corporation Seoul Korea Department of Computer Science and Engineering Ewha Womans University Seoul Korea Department of Biochemistry Seoul National University Medical School Seoul Korea

We consider computationally reconstructing gene regulatory networks on top of the binary abstraction of gene expression state information. Unlike previous Boolean network approaches, the proposed method does not handle noisy gene expression values directly. Instead, two-valued "hidden state" information is derived from gene expression profiles using a robust statistical technique, and a gene interaction network is inferred from this hidden state information. In particular, we exploit Espresso, a well-known 2-level Boolean logic optimizer in order to determine the core network structure. The resulting gene interaction networks can be viewed as dynamic Bayesian networks, which have key advantages over more conventional Bayesian networks in terms of biological phenomena that can be represented. The authors tested the proposed method with a time-course gene expression data set from microarray experiments on anti-cancer drugs doxorubicin and paclitaxel. A gene interaction network was produced by our method, and the identified genes were validated with a public annotation database. The experimental studies we conducted suggest that the proposed method inspired by engineering systems can be a very effective tool to decipher complex gene interactions in living systems

关键词： Gene expression computer networks Boolean functions DNA Robustness Bayesian methods Bioinformatics Biomedical engineering Biology computing Signal processing

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SMRP: Fast restoration of multicast sessions from persistent failures

SMRP: Fast restoration of multicast sessions from persistent...

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2005 International Conference on Dependable Systems and Networks

作者： Wu, Jian Shin, Kang G. Real-Time Computing Laboratory Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of Michigan

The growing reliance of networked applications on timely and reliable data transfer requires the underlying networking infrastructure to provide adequate services even in the presence of "persistent" failures (e.g., broken links/routers). It is much more difficult to meet this requirement for multicast sessions than for unicast communications because any on-tree component failure may often cause simultaneous service disruptions to multiple receivers. This paper presents a new multicast routing protocol, called the Survivable Multicast Routing Protocol (SMRP), which facilitates fast recovery of multicast sessions in face of persistent failures via local detour paths. Our evaluation results show that SMRP trades end-to-end delay and resource usage for short, and hence fast, recovery paths. For example, under a certain set of parameter values, SMRP shortens the recovery path by 20% with only a 5% increase of end-to-end delay and resource usage. Moreover, several design enhancements have made SMRP efficient, robust, flexible and scalable. © 2005 IEEE.

关键词： Multicasting

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A signal processing approach to finite-difference time-domain computations

A signal processing approach to finite-difference time-domai...

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2005 IEEE International 48th Midwest Symposium on Circuits and Systems, MWSCAS 2005

作者： Gorodetsky, Dmitry A. Wilsey, Philip A. Experimental Computing Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Computer Science University of Cincinnati Cincinnati OH

ISBN: (纸本)0780391977

The FDTD method is used to find numerical solutions to Maxwell's equations when analytic ones are prohibitive. Brute force approach to the FDTD method requires costly calculation at every point in the solution grid. If the solution is required at only a subset of the domain, then some computing time can be saved by expressing a portion of the grid as an LTI system with inputs and outputs. The output then becomes a convolution of the input with the LTI impulse response. We show how the impulse response is derived from the FDTD algorithm and how a reduction in the computation time is achieved. © 2005 IEEE.

关键词： Digital signal processing

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Optimizing collective communications on SMP clusters

Optimizing collective communications on SMP clusters

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2005 International Conference on Parallel Processing

作者： Wu, Meng-Shiou Kendall, Ricky A. Wright, Kyle Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Scalable Computing Laboratory Iowa State University Ames IA 50011 United States Department of Computer Science Scalable Computing Laboratory Iowa State University Ames IA 50011 United States

ISBN: (纸本)0769523803

We describe a generic programming model to design collective communications on SMP clusters. The programming model utilizes shared memory for collective communications and overlapping inter-node/intra-node communications, both of which are normally platform specific approaches. Several collective communications are designed based on this model and tested on three SMP clusters of different configurations. The results show that the developed collective communications can, with proper tuning, provide significant performance improvements over existing generic implementations. For example, when broadcasting an 8MB message our implementations outperform the vendor's MPI_Bcast by 35% on an IBM SP system, 51% on a G4 cluster, and 63% on an Intel cluster, the latter two using MPICH's MPI_Bcast. With all-gather operations using 8MB messages, our implementation outperform the vendor's MPI_Allgather by 75% on the IBM SP, 60% on the Intel cluster, and 48% on the G4 cluster. © 2005 IEEE.

关键词： computer programming

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Predictive call admission control for multimedia streaming in CDMA cellular environments

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Canadian Journal of electrical and computer engineering 2005年第2期30卷 115-123页

作者： Elmallah, Ehab S. Mandal, Mrinal Department of Computing Science University of Alberta Edmonton Alta. T6G 2E8 Multimedia Computing and Communications Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Alberta Edmonton Alta. T6G 2V4

Third-generation (3G) wireless networks based on code-division multiple access (CDMA) have been engineered to provide mobile users with voice as well as advanced packet data services. Support of Internet-based multimedia streaming services is considered a critical factor for future deployment of such networks. Provisioning streaming services in a dependable way, however, requires supporting data transmission at relatively high data rates while maintaining session quality during both intracell and intercell user movements. In this paper, an adaptive bandwidth allocation and admission control scheme is proposed for managing network resources for a streaming service. Streaming requests are assumed to be served by an adaptive server capable of choosing suitable video streaming parameters (e.g., video resolution, frame rate, and encoding parameters) in response to possible requests from the wireless network to vary the currently allocated bandwidth. The devised admission control scheme exploits a priori knowledge of user mobility patterns to minimize the risk of running into an overload condition after acceptance of a new multimedia streaming connection. The obtained simulation results show that, compared to a nonpredictive admission control scheme, the proposed scheme achieves a lower forced-termination probability and higher throughput, while consuming less base-station transmission energy.

关键词： Multimedia systems

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Priority refinement for dependent tasks in large embedded real-time software

Priority refinement for dependent tasks in large embedded re...

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11th IEEE Real-Time and Embedded Technology and Applications Symposium, RTAS 2005

作者： Merrick, Jeffrey R. Wang, Shige Shin, Kong G. Song, Jing Milam, William Real-Time Computing Laboratory Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI 48109-2122 Ford Motor Company

In a large embedded real-time system, priority assignment can greatly affect the timing behavior - which can consequently affect the overall behavior - of the system. Thus, it is crucial for model-based design of a large embedded real-time system to be able to intelligently assign priorities such that tasks can meet their deadlines. In this paper, we propose a priority-refinement method for dependent tasks distributed throughout a heterogeneous multiprocessor environment. In this method, we refine an initial priority assignment iteratively using the simulated annealing technique with tasks' latest completion times (LCT). Our evaluations, based on randomly-generated models, have shown that the refinement method outperforms other priority-assignment schemes and scales well for large, complex, real-time systems. This method has been implemented in the Automatic Integration of Reusable Embedded Software (AIRES) toolkit and has been successfully applied to a vehicle system control application. © 2005 IEEE.

关键词： Embedded systems

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Appointments for 2005-2006 term

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IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems 2005年第7期13卷 773-782页

作者： Ranganathan, Nagarajan Agrawal, Vishwani D. Chakradhar, Srimat T. Chakrabarty, Krishnendu Courtois, Bernard DeMara, Ronald Hu, Xiaobo Sharon Ismail, Yehea I. Jha, Niraj K. John, Lizy Kurian Ker, Ming-Dou Koren, Israel Liu, Bin-Da Marculescu, Diana Marculescu, Radu Narayanan, Vijaykrishnan Nassif, Sani R. Nowick, Steven M. Sapatnekar, Sachin S. Sherlekar, Sunil Sylvester, Dennis Vemuri, Ranga Pham, Michael Department of Computer Science and Engineering University of South Florida Tampa FL 33620 United States Department of Computer Science and Engineering Nanomaterials and Nanomanufacturing Research Center University of South Florida Tampa United States IEEE United States Systems United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Rutgers University New Brunswick NJ United States IETE India ACM NEC Laboratories America Inc. Princeton NJ United States Duke University Durham NC United States ACM SIGDA Sigma Xi United States Laboratory of Techniques of Informatics and Microelectronics for Computer Architectecture ASME IMAPS IEEE Computer Society University of Central Florida Orlando United States Computer Engineering Program SEECS Department of Computer Science and Engineering University of Notre Dame Notre Dame IN United States Northwestern University Evanston IL United States Department of Electrical Engineering Princeton University Princeton NJ United States Association for Computing Machinery Austin United States UT Austin Engineering Foundation United States Department of Electronics Engineering National Chiao-Tung University Taiwan Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Massachusetts Amherst United States Department of Electrical Engineering Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh PA United States Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh PA United States Computer Science and Engineering Department Pennsylvania State University University Park United States IBM Austin Research Laboratory Austin TX United States Columbia University New York NY United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Minnesota Minneapolis United States Tata Consultancy Services Centre of Excellence for Embedded Systems India Department of Electrical Engineering IIT Bombay India Department of Electrical Engineering Uni

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