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A computer-aided system for mass detection and classification in digitized mammograms

Biomedical engineering - Applications, Basis and Communications 2005年第5期17卷 215-228页

作者： Yang, Sheng-Chih Wang, Chuin-Mu Chung, Yi-Nung Hsu, Giu-Cheng Lee, San-Kan Chung, Pau-Choo Chang, Chein-I. Department of Electrical Engineering National Cheng Kung University Tainan Taiwan Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering National Chin Yi Institute of Technology Taichung Taiwan Department of Electrical Engineering Da-Yeh University Chunghua Taiwan Department of Radiology Tri-Service General Hospital National Defense Medical Center Taipei Taiwan Administrative Office Suao Veterans Hospital Yilan Taiwan Remote Sensing Signal and Image Processing Laboratory Department of Computer Science and Electrical Engineering University of Maryland Baltimore MD United States

This paper presents a computer-assisted diagnostic system for mass detection and classification, which performs mass detection on regions of interest followed by the benign-malignant classification on detected masses. In order for mass detection to be effective, a sequence of preprocessing steps are designed to enhance the intensity of a region of interest, remove the noise effects and locate suspicious masses using five texture features generated from the spatial gray level difference matrix (SGLDM) and fractal dimension. Finally, a probabilistic neural network (PNN) coupled with entropic thresholding techniques is developed for mass extraction. Since the shapes of masses are crucial in classification between benignancy and malignancy, four shape features are further generated and joined with the five features previously used in mass detection to be implemented in another PNN for mass classification. To evaluate our designed system a data set collected in the Taichung Veteran General Hospital, Taiwan, R.O.C. was used for performance evaluation. The results are encouraging and have shown promise of our system.

关键词： computer aided analysis

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Real time head tracking via camera saccade and shape-fitting

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2nd International Conference on Image Analysis and Recognition, ICIAR 2005

作者： Zhang, Jason Z. Lu, Ye Wu, Q.M. Jonathan Micro-technology and Sensing Group Institute for Fuel Cell Innovation National Research Council of Canada Vancouver BC V6T 1W5 Canada Vision and Media Laboratory School of Computing Science Simon Fraser University Burnaby BC V5A 1S6 Canada Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Windsor Ont. N9B 3P4 Canada

ISBN: (纸本)3540290699

This paper presents a system that tracks human heads in real-time under unconstrained environments where target occlusion, varying illumination, and cluttered backgrounds exist. Tracking is formulated as an active visual servo problem based on the integration of a saccade and a smooth pursuit processes. The head is modelled as an ellipse computed from the color clusters of candidate targets using a robust least square ellipse fitting algorithm. The Farnsworth Perceptually Uniform Color Model is employed to represent the color information of the visual objects. Kalman filtering is applied to the head ellipse to track the evolution of the position, size, and orientation of the target such that the occlusion of objects with similar color and shape as those of the target are effectively accommodated. Experiments with tracking scenarios demonstrate the effectiveness of the system. © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2005.

关键词： Tracking (position)

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Louisiana's online arbovirus surveillance

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GeoSpatial Solutions 2005年第8期15卷 33-33页

作者： Smith, Stephanie Michaels, Sarah R. Anderson, Charles H. Balsamo, Gary A. Xu, Zujia Shelby, Bryan Wesson, Dawn M. Roy, Alma Tulane University School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Louisiana Office of Public Health Infectious Disease Epidemiology Section Dillard University Tulane University Department of Tropical Medicine Louisiana State University Veterinary Medical Diagnostic Laboratory

The Tulane School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, with a grant from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), established the Louisiana ARBONET Web site in the year 2001. The site provides a system for entering various types of surveillance data by the mosquito abatement districts (MADs), local parish health units, and the Louisiana State University Veterinary Diagnostic laboratory. The site also provides an online mapping function for compiling sample locations and displaying surveillance data in both visual and report formats. The Website has helped to integrate several agencies' efforts and various data sources and is a dynamic tool that is used to combat the threat of mosquito-borne emerging infectious diseases.

关键词： Online systems

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Journal of Information science and engineering: Editorial notice

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Journal of Information science and engineering 2005年第5期21卷 i-ii页

作者： Lee, Der-Tsai Amato, Nancy M. Chang, Shih-Fu Chen, Homer H. Chen, Tsuhan Hsu, Tsan-Sheng Hwang, Jenq-Neng Kuo, Sy-Yen Kuo, Tei-Wei Li, Chung-Sheng Tokuyama, Takeshi Wing, Jeannette Wu, Tzong-Chen Yen, John Computer Science at Texas A and M University United States Parasol Laboratory United States IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems Computing Research Association's Committee on the Status of Women in Computing Research CRA-W's Distributed Mentor Program United States Department of Electrical Engineering Columbia University United States Lab. United States College of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science National Taiwan University Taiwan IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology IEEE Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh PA United States ACM ACM SIGACT IEEE Computer Society IICM Austria Research and Development of the Department Multimedia Signal Processing Technical Committee IEEE Signal Processing Society United States IEEE Transactions on Circuits and systems for Video Technology College of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science National Taiwan Ocean University Keelung Taiwan Department of Electrical Engineering National Taiwan University Taiwan Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan IEEE Technical Committee on Real-Time Systems Computer Science Division IBM T.J. Watson Research Center United States IBM Research Division Graduate School of Information Sciences Tohoku University Japan ACM IPSJ Mathematical Society of Japan Japan Department of Computer Science Computer Science Department Carnegie Mellon University United States National Academies of Science's Computer Science and Telecommunications Board United States Microsoft's Trustworthy Academic Advisory Board Intel Research Pittsburgh's Advisory Board United States Dartmouth's Institute for Security Technology Studies Advisory Committee Canada Sloan Research Fellowships Program Committee United States ACM Taiwan China Information Sciences and Technology Pennsylvania State University United States Laboratory for Intelligent Agents Penn State's School of Info

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High speed, ultrahigh resolution retinal imaging using spectral/Fourier domain OCT

High speed, ultrahigh resolution retinal imaging using spect...

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Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO)

作者： M. Wojtkowski V. Srinivasan T. Ko J. Fujimoto J. Duker J. Schuman A. Kowalczyk Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science and Research Laboratory of Electronics Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA USA New England Eye Center Tufts-New England Medical Center Tufts University School of Medicine Boston MA USA University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA USA University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Eye Center USA Institute of Physics Nicolaus Copernicus University Torun Poland

High speed, ultrahigh resolution OCT retinal imaging using spectral/Fourier detection enables /spl sim/2 um axial resolutions and /spl sim/24,000 axial scans/second. These high speeds and resolutions achieve dramatic ... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)1557527954

关键词： Image resolution Retina High-resolution imaging Optical imaging Ultrafast optics Light sources High speed optical techniques Optical sensors Biomedical imaging Biomedical optical imaging

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LiSP: A Lightweight Security Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks

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ACM Transactions on Embedded computing Systems 2004年第3期3卷 634-660页

作者： Park, Taejoon Shin, Kang G. Real-Time Computing Laboratory (RTCL) Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science The University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI 48109-2122 United States

Small low-cost sensor devices with limited resources are being used widely to build a self-organizing wireless network for various applications, such as situation monitoring and asset surveillance. Making such a sensor network secure is crucial to their intended applications, yet challenging due to the severe resource constraints in each sensor device. We present a lightweight security protocol (LiSP) that makes a tradeoff between security and resource consumption via efficient rekeying. The heart of the protocol is the novel rekeying mechanism that offers (1) efficient key broadcast without requiring retransmission/ACKs, (2) authentication for each key-disclosure without incurring additional overhead, (3) the ability of detecting/recovering lost keys, (4) seamless key refreshment without disrupting ongoing data encryption/decryption, and (5) robustness to inter-node clock skews. Furthermore, these benefits are preserved in conventional contention-based medium access control protocols that do not support reliable broadcast. Our performance evaluation shows that LiSP reduces resource consumption significantly, while requiring only three hash computations, on average, and a storage space for eight keys. © 2004, ACM. All rights reserved.

关键词： Authentication Design key management lightweight security Security sensor networks

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On soft real-time guarantees on ethernet

On soft real-time guarantees on ethernet

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9th International Conference on Real-Time and Embedded computing Systems and Applications, RTCSA 2003

作者： Cho, Min-gyu Shin, Kang G. Real-Time Computing Laboratory Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science The University of Michigan Ann ArborMI48109-2122 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9783540246862

The medium access protocol of Ethernet, CSMA/CD, has an inherent limitation in providing real-time guarantees. Since Ethernet is the most commonly used local area network (LAN) technology due to its low cost, high bandwidth and robustness, it is very important to overcome this problem so that Ethernet can be used as a network for soft real-time applications like multimedia. An adaptive traffic smoother (ATS) was proposed as a kernel-level software solution that provides soft real-time guarantees on Ethernet. This paper addresses the reconfigurability, scalability and portability of ATS. First, a mechanism to read and adjust several user-specific parameters of ATS is discussed, and metrics or parameters to indicate the achievement of the user-required Quality-of-Service (QoS) are developed since these parameters are indirectly related to the user-specific QoS. Our experimental evaluation validates the feasibility of enhancing the reconfigurability and portability of ATS. Second, ATS is extended to a switched Ethernet which is commonly used for scalability. Our solution employs an ATS for each port of the switch for real-time packet delivery guarantees. Finally, a prototype of the user-level ATS is implemented and evaluated to enhance the portability of ATS. The performance of this user-level ATS is shown to be comparable to that of the kernel-level implementation, while enhancing both the reconfigurability and portability of real-time Ethernet solutions. © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2004.

关键词： Ethernet

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Application-level checkpointing for shared memory programs

Application-level checkpointing for shared memory programs

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作者： Bronevetsky, Greg Marques, Daniel Pingali, Keshav Szwed, Peter Schulz, Martin Department of Computer Science Cornell University Ithaca NY 14853 School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Cornell University Ithaca NY 14853 Center for Applied Scientific Computing Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Livermore CA 94551

Trends in high-performance computing are making it necessary for long-running applications to tolerate hardware faults. The most commonly used approach is checkpoint and restart (CPR) - the state of the computation is saved periodically on disk, and when a failure occurs, the computation is restarted from the last saved state. At present, it is the responsibility of the programmer to instrument applications for CPR. Our group is investigating the use of compiler technology to instrument codes to make them self-checkpointing and self-restarting, thereby providing an automatic solution to the problem of making long-running scientific applications resilient to hardware faults. Our previous work focused on message-passing programs. In this paper, we describe such a system for shared-memory programs running on symmetric multiprocessors. This system has two components: (i) a pre-compiler for source-to-source modification of applications, and (ii) a runtime system that implements a protocol for coordinating CPR among the threads of the parallel application. For the sake of concreteness, we focus on a non-trivial subset of OpenMP that includes barriers and locks. One of the advantages of this approach is that the ability to tolerate faults becomes embedded within the application itself, so applications become self-checkpointing and self-restarting on any platform. We demonstrate this by showing that our transformed benchmarks can checkpoint and restart on three different platforms (Windows/x86, Linux/x86, and Tru64/Alpha). Our experiments show that the overhead introduced by this approach is usually quite small;they also suggest ways in which the current implementation can be tuned to reduced overheads further. Copyright 2004 ACM.

关键词： computer systems programming

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Microcalcification detection based on localized texture comparison

Microcalcification detection based on localized texture comp...

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2004 International Conference on Image Processing, ICIP 2004

作者： Yuan, Xin Shi, Pengcheng Medical Image Computing Group Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Kowloon Hong Kong College of Computer Science Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China

While microcalcifications (MCs) are important early signs of breast cancers, their reliable detection from mammograms has been largely elusive for both radiologists and computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) strategies. Two of the essential components in a CAD system are the detection of the suspicious MC pixels/regions using image processing and analysis techniques, and the training, classification, and recognition of these areas based on pattern recognition methods. In this paper, we present a novel scheme to identify and classify microcalciflcations based on localized texture comparison. Relying on a texture removal and repairing (R&R) process of the preselected suspicious areas from their surrounding background tissues, pre- and post- R&R local characteristic features of these areas are extracted and compared. A modified AdaBoost algorithm is then adopted to train the classifier using expert-labelled microcalcifications, followed by a clustering process. Experiments with the mammographic images from the MIAS and DDSM databases have shown very promising results. © 2004 IEEE.

关键词： Mammography

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The Healthgrid White Paper 3

The Healthgrid White Paper

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3rd Annual Conference of the Healthgrid Association, Healthgrid 2005

作者： Breton, Vincent Dean, Kevin Solomonides, Tony Aloisio, Giovanni Benkner, Siegfried Bilofsky, Howard Blanquer, Ignacio Brady, Michael Cannataro, Mario Chouvarda, Ioanna Claerhout, Brecht De Moor, Georges De Neve, Wilfried De Wagter, Carlos Fiore, Sandro Hassan, Kinda Heeren, Germaine Hernández, Vicente Herveg, Jean A.M. Hofmann, Martin Jones, Chris Koutkias, Vassilios Lloyd, Sharon Lonsdale, Guy Alonso, Victoria L. Maglaveras, Nicos Maigne, Lydia Malousi, Andigoni Martín-Sánchez, Fernando McClatchey, Richard Medico, Enzo Miguet, Serge Mirto, Maria Montagnat, Johan Nørager1, Sofie Nozaki, Kazunori Oliveira, Ilídio Castro Pennec, Xavier Poullet, Yves Merino, Juan Pedro Sánchez Strizh, Irina G. Taillet, Michel Tristram, Clive Tverdokhlebov, Nikolay Veltri, Pierangelo Ziegler, René CNRS-IN2P3 LPC Campus des Cézeaux AubiereCedex63177 France Internet Business Solutions Group Cisco Systems 9 New Square Bedfont Lakes Middlesex FelthamTW14 8HA United Kingdom University of the West of England Bristol CEMS Coldharbour Lane BristolBS6 6TH United Kingdom Center for Advanced Computational Technologies ISUFI Dept. of Innovation Engineering University of Lecce Via per Monteroni Lecce73100 Italy Institute of Scientific Computing University of Vienna Nordbergstrasse 15 ViennaA-1090 Austria University of Pennsylvania School of Engineering and Applied Science Computer and Information Science Center for Bioinformatics 1416 Blockley Hall 423 Guardian Drive PhiladelphiaPA19104-6021 United States Universidad Politecnica de Valencia Camino de Vera/n Valencia46022 Spain FRS FREng Dept. of Engineering Science Oxford University Parks Road OxfordOX1 3PJ United Kingdom Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro School of Bioinformatics and Biomedical Engineering Campus di Germaneto Viale Europa Germaneto Catanzaro88100 Italy Aristotle University The Medical School Lab of Medical Informatics Box 323 Thessaloniki54124 Greece Custodix NV Verlorenbroodstraat 120 Bus 14 MerelbekeB-9820 Belgium Research in Advanced Medical Informatics and Telematics UZ Gent 5K3 De Pintelaan 185 GentB9000 Belgium Department of Radiotherapy Ghent University Hospital Building P7 De Pintelaan 185 GentB-9000 Belgium Laboratoire LIRIS Université Lumière Lyon 2 Campus Porte des Alpes 5 avenue Pierre Mendès France Bron69676 France av. E.Mounierlaan 83 Brussels1200 Belgium Faculté de Droit de Namur - FUNDP Centre de Recherches Informatiques & Droit 5 rempart de la Vierge Namur5000 Belgium Schloss Birlinghoven Sankt Augustin53754 Germany CERN Geneva 231211 Switzerland Oxford University Computing Laboratory Wolfson Building OxfordOX1 3QD United Kingdom C&C Research Laboratories NEC Europe Ltd. Rathausallee 10 Sankt AugustinD-53757 Germany Medic

ISBN: (纸本)158603510X

Over the last four years, a community of researchers working on Grid and High Performance computing technologies started discussing the barriers and opportunities that grid technologies must face and exploit for the development of health-related applications. This interest lead to the first Healthgrid conference, held in Lyon, France, on January 16th–17th, 2003, with the focus of creating increased awareness about the possibilities and advantages linked to the deployment of grid technologies in health, ultimately targeting the creation of a European/international grid infrastructure for health. The topics of this conference converged with the position of the eHealth division of the European Commission, whose mandate from the Lisbon Meeting was "To develop an intelligent environment that enables ubiquitous management of citizens’ health status, and to assist health professionals in coping with some major challenges, risk management and the integration into clinical practice of advances in health knowledge." In this context "Health" involves not only clinical procedures but covers the whole range of information from molecular level (genetic and proteomic information) over cells and tissues, to the individual and finally the population level (social healthcare). Grid technology offers the opportunity to create a common working backbone for all different members of this large "health family" and will hopefully lead to an increased awareness and interoperability among disciplines. The first HealthGrid conference led to the creation of the Healthgrid association, a non-profit research association legally incorporated in France but formed from the broad community of European researchers and institutions sharing expertise in health grids. After the second Healthgrid conference, held in Clermont-Ferrand on January 29th–30th, 2004, the need for a "white paper" on the current status and prospective of health grids was raised. Over fifty experts from different areas of grid tec

关键词： Health risks

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